Water-Formed Landscapes – Ch3 | Test Bank – 8th

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Foundations of Earth Science, 8e (Lutgens/Tarbuck/Tasa)

Chapter 3 Landscapes Fashioned by Water

3.1 Multiple-Choice Questions

1) The downslope movement of rock or soil due to the influence of gravity is ________.

A) weathering

B) erosion

C) mass wasting

D) exfoliation

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.2 Mass Wasting: The Work of Gravity

Focus/Concepts: 3.2

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

2) Internal processes that occur at or near Earth's surface and are powered by ________.

A) radioactive elements in Earth's mantle

B) the sun

C) geothermal heat

D) cosmic rays

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.1 Earth's External Processes

Focus/Concepts: 3.1

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

3) The tongue-like flow of water-saturated clay-rich soil on a hillside that breaks away and moves downslope is called ________.

A) debris flow

B) slump

C) rockslide

D) earthflow

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.2 Mass Wasting: The Work of Gravity

Focus/Concepts: 3.2

ESLI: 5.5 Earth's water cycles among the reservoirs of the atmosphere, streams, lakes, ocean, glaciers, groundwater, and deep interior of the planet.

4) Plants consume water during photosynthesis. They also release it to the atmosphere during ________.

A) evaporation

B) degassing

C) transpiration

D) infiltration

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.3 The Hydrologic Cycle

Focus/Concepts: 3.3

ESLI: 5.5 Earth's water cycles among the reservoirs of the atmosphere, streams, lakes, ocean, glaciers, groundwater, and deep interior of the planet.

5) ________ is the process by which liquid water changes into water vapor.

A) Infiltration

B) Evaporation

C) Runoff

D) Dissolution

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.3 The Hydrologic Cycle

Focus/Concepts: 3.3

ESLI: 5.5 Earth's water cycles among the reservoirs of the atmosphere, streams, lakes, ocean, glaciers, groundwater, and deep interior of the planet.

6) One drainage basin is separated from a neighboring drainage basin by a ________.

A) divide

B) slope

C) rill

D) zone of deposition

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.4 Running Water

Focus/Concepts: 3.4

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

7) The Mississippi Delta is an example of which of the following?

A) zone of sediment production

B) zone of deposition

C) zone of transportation

D) angle of repose

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.4 Running Water

Focus/Concepts: 3.4

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

8) The Amazon River has ________ times as much discharge as the Mississippi River.

A) 4

B) 6

C) 8

D) 12

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.5 Streamflow Characteristics

Focus/Concepts: 3.5

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

9) Pebbles caught in swirling eddies of water best describe ________.

A) cutbanks

B) potholes

C) point bars

D) meanders

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.6 The Work of Running Water

Focus/Concepts: 3.6

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

10) Gravel would most likely exist in the ________ of a river.

A) dissolved load

B) suspended load

C) bed load

D) cutbank

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.6 The Work of Running Water

Focus/Concepts: 3.6

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

11) ________ is the maximum load of solid particles a stream can transport in a unit of time.

A) Capacity

B) Competence

C) Alluvium

D) Bed load

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.6 The Work of Running Water

Focus/Concepts: 3.6

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

12) If you were to examine the longitudinal profile of a typical river, you would probably find that the gradient is ________.

A) steepest near the mouth

B) steepest near the headwaters

C) roughly the same at the mouth and the headwaters

D) steepest in the zone of transport

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.5 Streamflow Characteristics

Focus/Concepts: 3.5

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

13) Calcium and sodium ions make up much of the ________ of streams.

A) dissolved load

B) suspended load

C) bed load

D) sediment

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.6 The Work of Running Water

Focus/Concepts: 3.6

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

14) The Mississippi River Delta system contains a series of ________ coalescing subdeltas.

A) 9

B) 7

C) 5

D) 3

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.9 Depositional Landforms

Focus/Concepts: 3.9

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

15) Streams erode downward until they reach ________.

A) their base level

B) their profile

C) an oxbow

D) the floodplain

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.8 Shaping Stream Valleys

Focus/Concepts: 3.8

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

16) V-shaped valleys would most likely contain ________.

A) waterfalls

B) floodplains

C) a braided stream

D) a delta

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.8 Shaping Stream Valleys

Focus/Concepts: 3.8

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

17) The flat area on either side of a stream's natural levee, where alluvium is deposited, is called the ________.

A) incised meander

B) delta

C) floodplain

D) headwaters

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.8 Shaping Stream Valleys

Focus/Concepts: 3.8

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

18) Between a river and its floodplain, you might find ________.

A) natural levees

B) deltas

C) distributaries

D) meanders

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.9 Depositional Landforms

Focus/Concepts: 3.9

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

19) A tributary stream that flows parallel to the main stream because a natural levee is present is called ________.

A) a yazoo tributary

B) flooding

C) approaching base level

D) eroding a pothole

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.9 Depositional Landforms

Focus/Concepts: 3.9

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

20) Groundwater is the largest reservoir of ________.

A) water on Earth

B) seawater on Earth

C) glacial ice on Earth

D) freshwater that is readily available to humans

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.11 Groundwater: Water beneath the Surface

Focus/Concepts: 3.11

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

21) Impermeable layers such as clay that hinder or prevent water movement are called ________.

A) aquitards

B) aquifers

C) meanders

D) cutbanks

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.11 Groundwater: Water beneath the Surface

Focus/Concepts: 3.11

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

22) Groundwater tends to flow through bodies of rock or sediment that ________.

A) are composed of dark silicate minerals

B) have a high porosity

C) have a high permeability

D) are aquitards

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.11 Groundwater: Water beneath the Surface

Focus/Concepts: 3.11

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

23) Where the water table intersects Earth's surface, a(n) ________ results.

A) geyser

B) spring

C) artesian well

D) cone of depression

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.12 Springs, Wells, and Artesian Systems

Focus/Concepts: 3.12

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

24) The San Joaquin Valley experienced a phenomenon called ________ due to excessive groundwater pumping.

A) acid mine drainage

B) evapotranspiration

C) water table rise

D) land subsidence

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.13 Environmental Problems of Groundwater

Focus/Concepts: 3.13

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

25) The steepest angle at which unconsolidated granular material remains stable is ________.

A) oblique angles

B) the angle of momentum

C) the angle of repose

D) right angles

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.2 Mass Wasting: The Work of Gravity

Focus/Concepts: 3.2

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

26) ________ is located in tiny pore spaces between grains of soil and sediment, underground.

A) Groundwater

B) Incised meander

C) Cutbank

D) Aquitard

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.11 Groundwater: Water beneath the Surface

Focus/Concepts: 3.11

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

27) ________ can form when the pressure surface is above the land surface.

A) Geysers

B) Flowing artesian wells

C) Springs

D) Cone of depression

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.12 Springs, Wells, and Artesian Systems

Focus/Concepts: 3.12

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

28) Old Faithful, a ________ in Yellowstone National Park, erupts steam and hot water.

A) well

B) spring

C) geyser

D) cone of depression

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.12 Springs, Wells, and Artesian Systems

Focus/Concepts: 3.12

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

29) Drawdown of groundwater due to heavy pumping from a well may result in a(n) ________, a "dimple" in the water table.

A) geyser

B) spring

C) artesian well

D) cone of depression

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.12 Springs, Wells, and Artesian Systems

Focus/Concepts: 3.12

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

30) ________ are formed when groundwater dissolves cavities into limestone.

A) Point bars

B) Flowing artesian wells

C) Caverns

D) Incised meanders

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.14 The Geologic Work of Groundwater

Focus/Concepts: 3.14

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

31) External processes include weathering, mass wasting, and ________.

A) partial melting

B) erosion

C) convection

D) subduction

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.1 Earth's External Processes

Focus/Concepts: 3.1

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

32) ________ is a measure of the volume of open space in rocks and unconsolidated, geologic materials like alluvium and soils.

A) Porosity

B) Angularity

C) Permeability

D) Sphericity

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.11 Groundwater: Water beneath the Surface

Focus/Concepts: 3.11

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

33) Building a dam on a stream raises its ________, causing it to cease erosion and begin to deposit sediment.

A) angle of repose

B) aquitard

C) base level

D) headwaters

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.8 Shaping Stream Valleys

Focus/Concepts: 3.8

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

34) Most karst topography forms in ________.

A) limestone

B) granite

C) basalt

D) sandstone

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.14 The Geologic Work of Groundwater

Focus/Concepts: 3.14

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

35) Which of the following drainage patterns forms on highly fractured bedrock?

A) rectangular

B) dendritic

C) radial

D) trellis

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.4 Running Water

Focus/Concepts: 3.4

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

36) ________ hang from the ceiling in caves.

A) Stalactites

B) Stalagmites

C) Karst topography

D) Incised meanders

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.14 The Geologic Work of Groundwater

Focus/Concepts: 3.14

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

37) Which of the following rivers flows inside the Grand Canyon?

A) Nile River

B) Colorado River

C) Mississippi River

D) Amazon River

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.4 Running Water

Focus/Concepts: 3.4

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

38) One potential source of groundwater contamination would be ________.

A) partial melting

B) evapotranspiration

C) lithification

D) leaking septic tank

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.13 Environmental Problems of Groundwater

Focus/Concepts: 3.13

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

39) A cross-sectional view of a stream from its headwaters to its mouth is called a(n) ________.

A) longitudinal profile

B) transverse profile

C) oblique profile

D) subterranean profile

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.5 Streamflow Characteristics

Focus/Concepts: 3.5

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

40) Streams that exhibit flow only during wet periods are called ________.

A) intermittent streams

B) braided streams

C) ephemeral streams

D) meandering streams

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.5 Streamflow Characteristics

Focus/Concepts: 3.5

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

41) Ephemeral streams typically flow after heavy rainstorms in ________ climates.

A) humid

B) arid

C) tropical

D) arctic

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.5 Streamflow Characteristics

Focus/Concepts: 3.5

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

42) The average number of storm-related deaths attributed to flooding from 1985 to 2014 was ________.

A) 66

B) 73

C) 83

D) 94

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.10 Floods and Flood Control

Focus/Concepts: 3.10

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

43) ________ are earthen mounds built on the banks of rivers to increase the volume of water the channel can hold.

A) Natural levees

B) Channels

C) Flood-control dams

D) Artificial levees

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.10 Floods and Flood Control

Focus/Concepts: 3.10

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

44) Blocks of bedrock that break loose and slide downslope are often called a(n) ________.

A) slump

B) rockslide

C) mudflow

D) earthflow

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.2 Mass Wasting: The Work of Gravity

Focus/Concepts: 3.2

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

45) Dredging a stream or river is an example of ________.

A) channelization

B) meandering

C) lithification

D) downcutting

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.10 Floods and Flood Control

Focus/Concepts: 3.10

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

3.2 Matching Questions

Match the following items with the correct descriptions.

A) the process by which solid particles of various sizes are separated and deposited in different locations

B) meander that has been separated from main part of river

C) interwoven stream channels

D) area of deposition along a river

E) area above water table where openings between sediment, soil, and rock are filled with air

F) uppermost layer of the saturated zone

G) the volume of water flowing past a certain point in a given unit of time

H) the transfer of rock and soil downslope, under the influence of gravity

I) impermeable bed that hinders or prevents groundwater movement

J) curvy bends in a river

K) volume of open spaces in rock or soil

L) area of active erosion in a river

M) rock, sediment, or soil through which groundwater moves easily

N) areas within sediment where all open spaces are completely filled with water

O) new channel segment occurring between meanders due to erosion

P) the slope of a stream channel expressed as the vertical drop of a stream over a specified distance

Q) a complex network of converging and diverging channels that thread their way among numerous islands or gravel bars

R) water in the saturated zone

S) measure of a material's ability to transmit water

T) the physical removal of material by a mobile agent such as flowing water, waves, wind, or ice

U) sand, gravel, and large boulders that are too large to be carried in suspension and, instead, move along the bottom of a stream channel

V) the physical breakdown (disintegration) and chemical alteration (decomposition) of rock at or near Earth's surface

1) Weathering

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.6 The Work of Running Water

Focus/Concepts: 3.6

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

2) Discharge

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.6 The Work of Running Water

Focus/Concepts: 3.6

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

3) Bed load

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.6 The Work of Running Water

Focus/Concepts: 3.6

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

4) Mass wasting

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.6 The Work of Running Water

Focus/Concepts: 3.6

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

5) Erosion

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.6 The Work of Running Water

Focus/Concepts: 3.6

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

6) Sorting

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.6 The Work of Running Water

Focus/Concepts: 3.6

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

7) Gradient

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.6 The Work of Running Water

Focus/Concepts: 3.6

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

8) Braided channels

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.6 The Work of Running Water

Focus/Concepts: 3.6

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

9) Cut bank

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.7 Stream Channels

Focus/Concepts: 3.7

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

10) Cutoff

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.7 Stream Channels

Focus/Concepts: 3.7

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

11) Point bar

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.7 Stream Channels

Focus/Concepts: 3.7

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

12) Oxbow lake

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.7 Stream Channels

Focus/Concepts: 3.7

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

13) Braided channel

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.7 Stream Channels

Focus/Concepts: 3.7

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

14) Meander

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.7 Stream Channels

Focus/Concepts: 3.7

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

15) Water table

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.11 Groundwater: Water beneath the Surface

Focus/Concepts: 3.11

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

16) Aquifer

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.11 Groundwater: Water beneath the Surface

Focus/Concepts: 3.11

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

17) Groundwater

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.11 Groundwater: Water beneath the Surface

Focus/Concepts: 3.11

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

18) Permeability

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.11 Groundwater: Water beneath the Surface

Focus/Concepts: 3.11

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

19) Aquitard

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.11 Groundwater: Water beneath the Surface

Focus/Concepts: 3.11

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

20) Zone of saturation

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.11 Groundwater: Water beneath the Surface

Focus/Concepts: 3.11

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

21) Porosity

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.11 Groundwater: Water beneath the Surface

Focus/Concepts: 3.11

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

22) Unsaturated zone

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.11 Groundwater: Water beneath the Surface

Focus/Concepts: 3.11

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

Answers: 1) V 2) G 3) U 4) H 5) T 6) A 7) P 8) Q 9) L 10) O 11) D 12) B 13) C 14) J 15) F

16) M 17) R 18) S 19) I 20) N 21) K 22) E

3.3 Essay Questions

1) Describe three factors that can act as triggers for mass wasting events.

(a) addition of water, perhaps by heavy rains, which reduces particle-to-particle cohesion, lubricates, and adds weight to the slope, (b) oversteepening of a slope, (c) removal of vegetation by forest fires or intentional human clearing, which reduces or eliminates the "net-like" effect of roots holding soils in place, or (d) the land may be shaken by an earthquake. There are also landslides without triggers.

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.2 Mass Wasting: The Work of Gravity

Focus/Concepts: 3.2

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

2) Imagine that you land a new job as a consultant to a county where floods have recently damaged many houses along a river. Describe some of the structural methods that are available to you as options to control flooding.

Diff: 3

Bloom's Taxonomy: Evaluating/Creating

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.10 Floods and Flood Control

Focus/Concepts: 3.10

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

3) In Pearson County, residents are concerned because the water table has been dropping for more than two years. What might be some of the reasons that the amount of groundwater in Pearson County is decreasing?

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.13 Environmental Problems of Groundwater

Focus/Concepts: 3.13

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

4) Imagine you are an astronaut, landing on an alien world. Looking out your spacecraft window, you see a world that looks very much like Earth. You notice a disappearing stream and two sinkholes. Based on your training in Earth science, make a prediction about the rock type you would find in the area where you have landed, and justify your prediction. Make a second prediction about the composition of the atmosphere on the new planet.

Diff: 3

Bloom's Taxonomy: Evaluating/Creating

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.14 The Geologic Work of Groundwater

Focus/Concepts: 3.14

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

5) Discuss the difference between laminar flow and turbulent flow. Provide an example of each type and how stream velocity may influence flow.

Diff: 3

Bloom's Taxonomy: Evaluating/Creating

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.5 Streamflow Characteristics

Focus/Concepts: 3.5

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

6) Explain how the gradient, discharge, channel size, and channel roughness typically change as you migrate downstream.

Diff: 3

Bloom's Taxonomy: Evaluating/Creating

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.5 Streamflow Characteristics

Focus/Concepts: 3.5

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

7) Compare and contrast the concepts of capacity and competence. How would periods of flooding affect the capacity and competency of a river?

Diff: 3

Bloom's Taxonomy: Evaluating/Creating

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.6 The Work of Running Water

Focus/Concepts: 3.6

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

3.4 Visual Questions

1) Examine the sketch of a bend in a river. The arrows show the water flow direction. In which of the four lettered locations will the water be moving at the highest velocity?

A) A

B) B

C) C

D) D

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.7 Stream Channels

Focus/Concepts: 3.7

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

2) Examine the sketch of a bend in a river. The arrows show the water flow direction. In which of the four lettered locations will erosion take place?

A) A

B) B

C) C

D) D

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.7 Stream Channels

Focus/Concepts: 3.7

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

3) Examine the sketch of a bend in a river. The arrows show the water flow direction. In which of the four lettered locations is deposition most likely to occur?

A) A

B) B

C) C

D) D

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.7 Stream Channels

Focus/Concepts: 3.7

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

4) Which of the drainage patterns shown here might develop on relatively uniform surface materials?

A) A

B) B

C) C

D) D

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.4 Running Water

Focus/Concepts: 3.4

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

5) What is the specific form of mass wasting illustrated here?

A) point bar

B) rockslide

C) avalanche

D) cutbank

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.2 Mass Wasting: The Work of Gravity

Focus/Concepts: 3.2

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

6) The river depicted in this drawing shows prominent ________.

A) base levels

B) potholes

C) flooding

D) meandering

Diff: 1

Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.7 Stream Channels

Focus/Concepts: 3.7

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

7) Examine this photograph. Identify the features seen here, and describe in detail the sequence of events which must have occurred in order to produce these features.

Diff: 2

Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.8 Shaping Stream Valleys

Focus/Concepts: 3.8

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.

8) Examine the photo of Glen Canyon Dam in Arizona and the reservoir called Lake Powell that formed upstream of it. Describe what has happened to the base level on the Colorado River at this location since the dam was constructed. Make a prediction for what will happen at this location over the next several hundred years.

Diff: 3

Bloom's Taxonomy: Evaluating/Creating

Global Sci Out: G2

Section: 3.8 Shaping Stream Valleys

Focus/Concepts: 3.8

ESLI: 5.6 Water shapes landscapes.