The Digestive System Test Questions & Answers Chapter 32

1.

What is the palate’s main function?  
 

2.

Which of the following enzymes, which breaks down carbohydrates, is contained in saliva?  
 

3.

What is the main function of the epiglottis?  
 

4.

The esophageal hiatus is the ____. rev: 06_13_2013_QC_31716  
 

5.

The gallbladder’s only function is to ____________.  
 

6.

The practitioner has determined that Janellyn, a 22-year-old patient, is at risk for cirrhosis of the liver. The practitioner would like the medical assistant to educate Janellyn on how to minimize this risk. Which of the following statements might be included in this type of teaching?  
 

7.

Gerri is a 32-year-old mother of two children who is in the office for a routine annual examination. She tells you that she feels good most of the time, but she has frequent problems with constipation. Which of the following recommendations would help Gerri?  
 

8.

Larry is a 47-year-old patient who reports several episodes of diarrhea. While taking his history, you discover that his favorite foods are sushi, beef, cabbage, broccoli, and new potatoes. He exercises four times a week at a local gym, when diarrhea does not prevent it. What would you review with him to try to prevent diarrhea in the future?  
 

9.

Mr. Beall is an elderly patient who has severe arthritis in both hands. When you ask how he manages the pain, he tells you about taking what seems like a large dose of acetaminophen. You will respond by  
 

10.

Which layer of the wall of the alimentary canal contracts to move materials through the canal?  
 

11.

The ____, which is the innermost layer of the alimentary canal wall, absorbs nutrients.  
 

12.

Which of the following layers of the alimentary canal wall has blood vessels that carry nutrients away?  
 

13.

Also known as the visceral peritoneum, the ____ of the alimentary canal wall secretes serous fluid to keep other organs from sticking to the structures of the alimentary canal.  
 

14.

Which layer of the alimentary canal wall secretes mucus and enzymes?  
 

15.

Which organ of the digestive system begins the chemical breakdown of foods?  
 

16.

Which organ of the digestive system connects the mouth and the esophagus?  
 

17.

The proximal portion of the ____ absorbs water and electrolytes.  
 

18.

The ____ is the main site of nutrient absorption.  
 

19.

Which of the following uses peristalsis to push food to the stomach?  
 

20.

Food is mixed with bile and pancreatic juices in which of the following?  
 

21.

Which of the following organs of the digestive system secretes acid and enzymes?  
 

22.

Which cells of the stomach secrete hydrochloric acid and the intrinsic factor?  
 

23.

The ____ of the stomach secrete pepsinogen.  
 

24.

The cells that protect the lining of the stomach are the ____.  
 

25.

Which statement describes the jejunum?  
 

26.

Which statement describes the ileum of the small intestine?  
 

27.

Which of these enzymes digests proteins in the small intestine?  
 

28.

Which of these enzymes digest sugars in the small intestine?  
 

29.

Which of the following enzymes digests fats in the small intestine?  
 

30.

Which pancreatic enzyme digests protein?  
 

31.

The pancreatic enzyme that digests carbohydrates is ____.  
 

32.

 Which pancreatic enzyme digests lipids, or fats?  
 

33.

Which of these vitamins is a fat-soluble vitamin?  
 

34.

Which of these vitamins is water-soluble?  
 

35.

Which vitamin is essential for blood to clot?  
 

36.

Which vitamin is essential for normal growth of bones and teeth, and the production of visual receptors?  
 

37.

The vitamin needed for production of collagen and absorption of iron is ____.  
 

38.

Which vitamin is needed for production of DNA and red blood cells?  
 

39.

Which vitamin is an antioxidant that prevents the breakdown of certain tissues?  
 

40.

Which of the following vitamins is needed for protein synthesis?  
 

41.

Which vitamin is needed for metabolism of fats?  
 

42.

The vitamin needed for absorption of calcium is ____.  
 

43.

In which condition are stomach acids pushed into the esophagus?  
 

44.

In which of these conditions does the stomach lining become inflamed?  
 

45.

____ is a chronic liver disease in which normal tissue is replaced with scar tissue.  
 

46.

Which of the following causes the stomach to rise up through the diaphragm?  
 

47.

Which of these is an autoimmune disease?  
 

48.

____ is the inflammation of abnormal dilations of the intestinal wall.  
 

49.

Inflammation of the liver is ____.  
 

50.

Which of these results from the breakdown of the lining of the stomach?  
 

51.

The condition in which distended veins in the rectum or anus become irritated is ____.  
 

52.

Letter A on the figure of the digestive system shows the ________.  
 
________________________________________

53.

Letter B on the figure of the digestive system shows the ________.  
 
________________________________________

54.

The ________ is shown at letter C on the figure of the digestive system.  
 
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55.

Letter D on the figure of the digestive system represents the ________.  
 
________________________________________

56.

The ________, which begins the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food, is shown at letter E on the figure of the digestive system.  
 
________________________________________

57.

Letter F on the figure of the digestive system indicates the ________, which connects the mouth with the esophagus.  
 
________________________________________

58.

The ________ is shown at letter G on the figure of the digestive system.  
 
________________________________________

59.

Letter H on the figure of the digestive system represents the ________.  
 
________________________________________

60.

Letter I on the figure of the digestive system shows the ________.  
 
________________________________________

61.

Letter J on the figure of the digestive system indicates the ________.  
 
________________________________________

62.

The ________ is shown at letter K on the figure of the digestive system.  
 
________________________________________

63.

Letter L on the figure of the digestive system refers to the ________.  
 
________________________________________

64.

When the ________ passes too quickly through the small intestines, nutrients are not absorbed.  
 
________________________________________

65.

Pancreatic ________ cells produce pancreatic juice, which ultimately flows through the pancreatic duct to the duodenum.  
 
________________________________________

66.

In the nasopharynx, just above the palatine tonsils, are two masses of lymphatic tissue called the pharyngeal tonsils, or _______, that protect the area from bacteria and viruses.  
 
________________________________________

67.

The last few centimeters at the end of the rectum are known as the ________.  
 
________________________________________

68.

The inflammation of the appendix is called ________.  
 
________________________________________

69.

The ________ colon is the portion of the large intestine that runs up the right side of the abdominal cavity.  
 
________________________________________

70.

The substance produced in the liver that is used in the digestion of fats and is stored in the gallbladder is ________.  
 
________________________________________

71.

The mass created in the mouth by food mixed with the saliva and mucus is called a(n) ________.  
 
________________________________________

72.

The pancreatic enzymes trypsin, chymotrypsin, and ________ digest proteins.  
 
________________________________________

73.

The ________ sphincter, also known as the esophageal sphincter, controls the movement of food into the stomach.  
 
________________________________________

74.

The beginning of the large intestine is the ________.  
 
________________________________________

75.

_________ is a type of carbohydrate found in many vegetables that provides fiber or bulk for the large intestine.  
 
________________________________________

76.

The hepatic duct merges with the cystic duct from the gallbladder to form the ________ duct, which delivers bile to the duodenum.  
 
________________________________________

77.

Teeth called ________, also known as the canines, are the sharpest teeth and are used to tear tough food.  
 
________________________________________

78.

The hepatic duct merges with the ________ duct from the gallbladder to form the common bile duct.  
 
________________________________________

79.

Mass movements of the large intestine trigger the ________ reflex, which allows anal sphincters to relax and feces to move through the anus in the process of elimination.  
 
________________________________________

80.

The transverse colon crosses the abdominal cavity and becomes the ________ colon as it runs through the left side of the abdominal cavity.  
 
________________________________________

81.

The simple sugars, monosaccharides and ________, are obtained from sweet foods and fruits.  
 
________________________________________

82.

When a patient has abnormal dilations or pouches in the intestinal wall that are not inflamed, the condition is known as ________.  
 
________________________________________

83.

The beginning of the small intestine that is C-shaped and relatively short is called the ________.  
 
________________________________________

84.

Excess glucose is stored in the liver and skeletal muscle cells as ________.  
 
________________________________________

85.

Bile leaves the liver through the ________ duct and merges with the cystic duct from the gallbladder to form the common bile duct.  
 
________________________________________

86.

The liver is divided into a large right lobe and a small left lobe, which are divided into smaller parts called hepatic ________ that contain macrophages and hepatocytes.  
 
________________________________________

87.

Branches of the hepatic ________ carry blood from the digestive organs to the hepatic lobules.  
 
________________________________________

88.

Each hepatic lobule contains many cells called ________ that process the nutrients in blood and make bile.  
 
________________________________________

89.

When an organ pushes through a wall that contains it, a(n) _________ develops.  
 
________________________________________

90.

A(n) ________ illness is one for which the cause is unknown.  
 
________________________________________

91.

The ________ sphincter controls the movement of chyme from the ileum to the cecum, which is the beginning of the large intestine.  
 
________________________________________

92.

The body of the tongue is held to the floor of the oral cavity by a flap of mucous membrane called the lingual ________.  
 
________________________________________

93.

The back of the tongue contains two lumps of lymphatic tissue called ________ that destroy bacteria and viruses on the back of the tongue.  
 
________________________________________

94.

The essential fatty acid ________ must be obtained in the diet because the body cannot make it. It is found in corn and sunflower oils.  
 
________________________________________

95.

The jejunum and ileum are held in the abdominal cavity by a fan-like tissue called the ________, which is attached to the posterior wall of the abdomen.  
 
________________________________________

96.

The lining of the small intestine contains cells that have ________, which increase the surface area of the small intestine so that it can absorb many nutrients.  
 
________________________________________

97.

The pancreatic enzymes that digest nucleic acids are ________.  
 
________________________________________

98.

At the back of the mouth in the oropharynx are two masses of lymphatic tissue called ________ tonsils that protect the area from bacteria and viruses.  
 
________________________________________

99.

The largest of the salivary glands, located beneath the skin just in front of the ears, are the ________ glands.  
 
________________________________________

100.

In the stomach, chief cells secrete pepsinogen, which becomes ________ in the presence of acid.  
 
________________________________________

101.

The enzymes secreted by the small intestine that digest proteins are ________.  
 
________________________________________

102.

The ________ sphincter controls the movement of substances from the pylorus of the stomach into the small intestine.  
 
________________________________________

103.

The double-walled outermost layer of the alimentary canal is the ________, which is also known as the peritoneum.  
 
________________________________________

104.

The ________ cells of the saliva secrete amylase and a fluid made mostly of water.  
 
________________________________________

105.

In the pelvic cavity, the descending colon forms the S-shaped tube called the ________ colon.  
 
________________________________________

106.

The smallest of the salivary glands, located in the floor of the mouth beneath the tongue, are the ________ glands.  
 
________________________________________

107.

The salivary glands located in the floor of the mouth just inside the surface of the mandible are the ________ glands.  
 
________________________________________

108.

The layer of the alimentary canal just inferior to the mucosa that contains loose connective tissue, blood vessels, glands, and nerves is the ________.  
 
________________________________________

109.

The ascending colon becomes the ________ colon as it crosses the abdominal cavity.  
 
________________________________________

110.

The most abundant dietary lipids are ________, which are found in meats, eggs, milk, and butter.  
 
________________________________________

111.

The back of the soft palate hangs down into the throat. This portion of the soft palate is called the _______.  
 
________________________________________

112.

Projecting off the cecum is the ________, which is made mostly of lymphoid tissue and is thought to have a role in immunity.  
 
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