Test Bank Docx Ch.34 nan Special Senses

1.

When spicy foods are eaten, which receptors on the tongue are activated?  
 

2.

When educating a patient on maintaining eye safety in the home, patients should be reminded to ____.  
 

3.

Which of the following are mucous membranes that line the inner surfaces of the eyelids?  
 

4.

Which of these produce tears and secrete enzymes to destroy bacteria and viruses in the eye?  
 

5.

The ______ are responsible for blinking and squinting.  
 

6.

Which of the following structures is on the medial aspect of each eye and drains tears into the nose?  
 

7.

There are six ____ that function together to move the eyeball.  
 

8.

The ____ is a transparent area on the front of the eye that allows light to enter the eye.  
 

9.

Which of these is the tough, outermost layer of the eye, also called the "white of the eye"?  
 

10.

Which of the following allow vision in bright light, are sensitive to color, and provide detailed images?  
 

11.

The ____ is the middle layer of the eye, which contains most of the eye's blood vessels.  
 

12.

Which of these is in the posterior chamber of the eye?  
 

13.

As the iris contracts and relaxes, an opening at its center, the ____, grows larger or smaller.  
 

14.

Which of the following allows the eye to focus on images?  
 

15.

The ____ is a wedge-shaped thickening in the middle layer of the eyeball that controls the shape of the lens.  
 

16.

Which of these is found in the anterior chamber of the eye?  
 

17.

Which parts of the eye are highly sensitive to light and function best in dim light but do not provide a sharp image and detect only black, white, and shades of gray?  
 

18.

Which of the following is the inner layer of the eye, which contains rods and cones?  
 

19.

The ____ controls the amount of light entering the eye.  
 

20.

The ____ is the area between the semicircular canals and the cochlea that helps detect balance of the body.  
 

21.

Which of the following is the beginning of the inner ear?  
 

22.

The three tiny bones that vibrate in response to sound are called ______.  
 

23.

The ____ maintains equal pressure on both sides of the eardrum.  
 

24.

At what age should infants respond to the instruction "No" and quickly turn to the sound of their name?  
 

25.

At which age should infants be startled by loud noises and recognize their mother’s voice better than others?  
 

26.

At what age should infants begin to babble at people talking to them?  
 

27.

Which of these is hearing loss due to the aging process?  
 

28.

A buildup of earwax within the external auditory canal is ____.  
 

29.

____ is an inflammation of the ear.  
 

30.

A common cause of conductive hearing loss is the immobilization of the stapes within the inner ear, called ____.  
 

31.

Which of the following defines hearing loss?  
 

32.

Mrs. Whitley, a 61-year-old patient, calls the office this morning. She says she is afraid to drive to the office, because when she woke up this morning, her vision was "funny, like everything is wavering in front of my eyes." She is also seeing flashes of light and floaters. Which of the following statements is your best response to Mrs. Whitley?  
 

33.

Mrs. Danieri is a 54-year-old computer analyst. She is in the office today because her eyes have been giving her so much trouble recently. She says her eyes have started burning and itching in the last few months. You can see that her eyes are red. Mrs. Danieri says she knows it can't just be dry eyes, because she has been a computer analyst for 30 years and has worn contacts all that time. If she were going to have a problem with dry eyes, it would have happened before now. She thinks she may have become allergic to something in the environment. Which of the following questions might you ask to obtain pertinent information from Mrs. Danieri?  
 

34.

Paul Veras is a 24-year-old patient whose physician referred him to the ear specialist for whom you work because he has noticed a gradual loss of hearing in his left ear. The physician runs tests and finds the hearing in Paul's right ear is normal. Further tests reveal that Paul has an acoustic neuroma in the left ear. Paul is distressed at this news. "I am a musician," he says. "I need both of my ears! Would a hearing aid help?" Which of the following responses would you expect the physician to give?  
 

35.

Janyce is a 19-year-old patient who came to the medical office because she is having trouble with her eyes. They move rapidly side-to-side, and she can't seem to control it. She says it's embarrassing, because her friends are uncomfortable around her and do not want to look at her directly. She denies drug use, but does drink "a lot" of alcohol. She has not had any injuries to the head. Testing rules out a stroke or lesion on the brain. Which of the following would you expect the physician to suggest to treat her nystagmus?  
 

36.

The ________, shown at letter H in the figure, contains hearing receptors, including the organ of Corti.  
 
________________________________________

37.

Letter A in the figure indicates the pinna, or ________, which is part of the external ear.  
 
________________________________________

38.

One of the smallest bones in the body, the ________ shown at letter B, is shaped like a stirrup.  
 
________________________________________

39.

The ________, also called the anvil, is indicated by letter C in the figure.  
 
________________________________________

40.

The ________, or hammer, is one of the smallest bones in the body and is indicated by letter D in the figure.  
 
________________________________________

41.

The ________, a fibrous partition that separates the external ear from the middle ear, is shown at letter F in the figure.  
 
________________________________________

42.

The ________, shown at letter E, is the part of the external ear that carries sound waves to the tympanic membrane.  
 
________________________________________

43.

The membrane indicated by letter G, which separates the middle ear from the inner ear, is the ________.  
 
________________________________________

44.

Smell receptors are called ________ receptors.  
 
________________________________________

45.

Smell receptors and taste cells are both a special type of receptor called a(n) _____.  
 
________________________________________

46.

Smell receptors send information to the ________ nerves.  
 
________________________________________

47.

Receptors that are found on the taste buds are known as taste or ________ receptors.  
 
________________________________________

48.

Taste buds are found mostly on the ______ or “bumps” on the tongue.  
 
________________________________________

49.

When the head moves, fluids in the ________ canals move and activate the equilibrium receptors.  
 
________________________________________

50.

The tough, outermost layer of the eye, indicated by the letter E in the figure, is the ________.  
 
________________________________________

51.

Letter H in the figure indicates the ________, a transparent area on the front of the eye that lets light into the eye.  
 
________________________________________

52.

Shown at letter D in the figure, the ________ contains most of the eye's blood vessels.  
 
________________________________________

53.

The ________, shown at letter G in the figure, controls the size of the pupil.  
 
________________________________________

54.

The ________, shown at letter I in the figure, controls the amount of light that enters the eye.  
 
________________________________________

55.

The area shown at letter A in the figure is the ________, or blind spot, which contains no sensory receptors.  
 
________________________________________

56.

The clear, circular disk located just posterior to the iris that helps the eye focus is the ________, which is shown at letter F in the figure.  
 
________________________________________

57.

The innermost layer of the eye, shown at letter C in the figure, is the ________.  
 
________________________________________

58.

The process called ________ enables the eye to focus on images of objects that are near or far away.  
 
________________________________________

59.

The watery fluid that provides nutrients to and bathes the structures in the anterior chamber of the eyeball is the ________.  
 
________________________________________

60.

The flap of skin and cartilage that hangs off the side of the head and collects sound waves is the ________ or pinna.  
 
________________________________________

61.

The alternative pathway for sound that bypasses the external and middle ears is called bone ________.  
 
________________________________________

62.

Muscles in the ________ control the shape of the lens of the eye.  
 
________________________________________

63.

A(n) ________ hearing loss is caused by an interruption in the transmission of sound waves to the inner ear.  
 
________________________________________

64.

The condition characterized by eversion of the lower eyelid is ________.  
 
________________________________________

65.

When the head moves, fluids known as perilymph and ________ in the semicircular canals and vestibule move, activating equilibrium receptors and hearing receptors.  
 
________________________________________

66.

When the head moves, fluids known as ________ and endolymph in the semicircular canals and vestibule move, activating equilibrium receptors and hearing receptors.  
 
________________________________________

67.

The three tiny bones called ear ossicles are the malleus, ________, and stapes.  
 
________________________________________

68.

The three tiny bones called ear ossicles are the ________, incus, and stapes.  
 
________________________________________

69.

The three tiny bones called ear ossicles are the malleus, incus, and ________.  
 
________________________________________

70.

The inner ear is a very complex system of communicating chambers and tubes known as the ________.  
 
________________________________________

71.

Visual accessory organs assist and protect the eyeball and include the orbits, eyebrows, eyelids and eyelashes, conjunctivas, ________ apparatus, and extrinsic eye muscles.  
 
________________________________________

72.

The _______ glands are located on the lateral edge of each eyeball and produce tears.  
 
________________________________________

73.

The sclera of the eye gives way to the cornea in an area known as the ________, or corneal-scleral junction.  
 
________________________________________

74.

The ducts that are located on the medial aspect of each eyeball and drain tears into the nose are the _______ ducts.  
 
________________________________________

75.

Rapid, irregular eye movements that may be horizontal, vertical, or rotary, depending on the underlying cause, are symptoms of ________.  
 
________________________________________

76.

The muscle in the eyelid called the ________ is responsible for blinking and squinting.  
 
________________________________________

77.

The eye sockets, or ________, form a protective shell around the eyes.  
 
________________________________________

78.

When the tympanic membrane vibrates, it causes the ossicles to vibrate and hit a membrane called the ________.  
 
________________________________________

79.

As the iris of the eye contracts and relaxes, an opening at its center, called the ________, grows larger or smaller, regulating the amount of light that enters the eye.  
 
________________________________________

80.

The cornea, lens, and fluids help focus the light onto the retina by bending it in a process known as ________.  
 
________________________________________

81.

The white of the eye, called the ________, is the tough, outermost layer of the eye and covers all except the front of the eye.  
 
________________________________________

82.

Hearing loss that occurs when there is damage to the nerve that leads from the ear to the brain is called ______.  
 
________________________________________

83.

An abnormal ringing in the ears is called ________.  
 
________________________________________

84.

Taste cells with receptors that respond to a savory meaty sensation are called ________.  
 
________________________________________

85.

The posterior chamber of the eyeball is behind the lens and is filled with a very thick, jelly-like fluid called ________ that keeps the retina flat and helps to maintain the shape of the eye.  
 
________________________________________

86.

A chemical can stimulate smell receptors for only a limited amount of time because of a process called sensory ________.  
 
________________________________________

87.

Parts of the optic nerve fuse together and cross at an x-shaped structure called the ________, located at the base of the brain.  
 
________________________________________

88.

The ________ in the eye converts light into nerve impulses, which are then transmitted along the optic nerve to the brain.  
 
________________________________________

89.

As a person ages, the ________ of the eye becomes thinner and may be drier because of a decrease in tear production.  
 
________________________________________

90.

As a person ages, the ________, or earwax, becomes drier and more prone to impaction.  
 
________________________________________

91.

The gustatory cortex located in the ______ interprets taste sensations.  
 

92.

The area of the brain that is responsible for interpreting taste sensations is called the _________.  
 
________________________________________