The Blood Complete Test Bank Ch26

1.

The percentage of red blood cells found in a sample of blood is called the ____.  
 

2.

Plasma makes up what percentage of the blood?  
 

3.

The production of RBCs in the blood is controlled by which hormone?  
 

4.

Red blood cells live for approximately ____.  
 

5.

Bacteria and viruses are destroyed by white blood cells called ____.  
 

6.

Parasitic infections can be controlled by which of these WBCs?  
 

7.

Which of these WBCs release histamine and heparin and promote inflammation?  
 

8.

A bacterial infection has been present in a patient for about 2 weeks if the WBC differential shows _________.  
 

9.

Which of the following would the medical provider expect a patient with AIDS to have?  
 

10.

Some WBCs leave the blood vessels by a mechanism called ____.  
 

11.

Blood platelets are essential for ____.  
 

12.

When blood coagulates on a vessel wall in the absence of a known injury, it is correctly referred to as ____.  
 

13.

When a part of a thrombus breaks off, it is referred to as ____.  
 

14.

An embolus is dangerous because it can eventually become lodged in a small artery in the ____.  
 

15.

Which of the following occurs when mismatched blood is given to a patient?  
 

16.

People with which blood type are universal recipients?  
 

17.

People with which blood type are universal donors?  
 

18.

People with which blood type can receive only one type of blood?  
 

19.

A woman of childbearing age should know her Rh type because if she is Rh-negative and conceives a child that is Rh-positive, ____.  
 

20.

Globulins are plasma proteins that ____.  
 

21.

Fibrinogen is a plasma protein that ____.  
 

22.

When a blood vessel is broken, what is the body's first response?  
 

23.

Jose, an 11-year-old child, was involved in a serious automobile accident and has lost a lot of blood. The emergency physician tells his mother that he will need a blood transfusion. The mother becomes frantic, saying that Jose has a “rare” blood type, AB, and she doesn’t know if they will be able to match it. What would be the physician’s best response to Jose’s mother?  
 

24.

Tina is a 47-year-old patient who has recently begun experiencing dizziness and shortness of breath. She gets frequent headaches. After the initial exam, the physician orders several blood tests. The results of the tests indicate that Tina has polycythemia vera. Which of the following treatment courses would you expect the physician to pursue with Tina?  
 

25.

Beth is a 16-year-old patient whose mother has brought her to the office because Beth is always complaining of being tired. Beth tells you that she has frequent headaches, and her feet are always cold. Her blood pressure is 100/64, and her heart rate is 84. When you ask if her menstrual periods are normal, she says she bleeds heavily for 7 or 8 days each month. Which of the following conditions might you suspect?  
 

26.

The formation of a blood clot is called ____.  
 

27.

Blood clots are formed from ____, which sticks to the damaged area of the blood vessel, creating a mesh that entraps blood cells and platelets.  
 

28.

If an embolus lodges in a coronary artery, it may cause ____.  
 

29.

The most likely result of agglutination following a blood transfusion is ____.  
 

30.

Harold has A-positive blood. He is receiving a series of blood transfusions to treat anemia caused by AIDS. The local blood bank is running low on type A blood. If necessary, which other blood type can Harold receive?  
 

31.

Which of the following individuals is most at risk for erythroblastosis fetalis?  
 

32.

If a fetus develops erythroblastosis fetalis, what medical intervention is often required at birth?  
 

33.

The most common cause of anemia is ____.  
 

34.

Which of the following populations is most affected by sickle cell anemia?  
 

35.

Which of the following is a sign or symptom of sickle cell anemia?  
 

36.

About how much blood does the average adult body contain?  
 

37.

Which of the following is considered a normal WBC count?  
 

38.

Which of the following patients is most likely to have thalassemia?  
 

39.

The clumping of red blood cells following a blood transfusion is ________.  
 
________________________________________

40.

Monocytes and lymphocytes do not have granules in their cytoplasm and are two types of ________.  
 
________________________________________

41.

When there are not enough red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood to carry an adequate amount of oxygen to the body's cells, the person has the condition called ________.  
 
________________________________________

42.

The white blood cells called ________ release substances such as histamine, which promotes inflammation, and heparin, which is an anticoagulant.  
 
________________________________________

43.

The liver uses an orange pigment called _______ to make bile needed for the digestion of fats.  
 
________________________________________

44.

When a red blood cell is destroyed, a pigment is released from that cell called _______.  
 
________________________________________

45.

Hemoglobin that is not carrying oxygen is called deoxyhemoglobin, and because it may now carry carbon dioxide, it is also called ________.  
 
________________________________________

46.

There are different types of lipoproteins found in blood. They include very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), high-density lipoproteins (HDL), and ____________.  
 
________________________________________

47.

When a blood clot replaces the platelet plug at the site of a blood vessel injury, the process is called blood ________.  
 
________________________________________

48.

The granules in the cytoplasm of granulocytes include neutrophils, ________, and basophils.  
 
________________________________________

49.

Blood plasma proteins called ________ are used to transport lipids and some fat-soluble vitamins.  
 
________________________________________

50.

White blood cells (WBCs), which are also called leukocytes, are divided into two categories: ________ and agranulocytes.  
 
________________________________________

51.

Most blood cells are produced in red bone marrow by cells called ________.  
 
________________________________________

52.

In ________ anemia, red blood cells are destroyed faster than they can be made.  
 
________________________________________

53.

A condition in which the bone marrow produces a large number of abnormal white blood cells is ________.  
 
________________________________________

54.

White blood cells (WBCs) are also called ________.  
 
________________________________________

55.

If a patient has a white blood cell count above 10,000 cells per cubic millimeter of blood, the patient has ________ and probably has a bacterial infection.  
 
________________________________________

56.

A white blood cell count that is below normal is called ________.  
 
________________________________________

57.

Because lipids are not water-soluble and because plasma is mostly water, lipids must combine with molecules called ________ to be transported.  
 
________________________________________

58.

The white blood cells that provide immunity for the body are the ________.  
 
________________________________________

59.

Platelets come from cells called ________, which are found in red bone marrow.  
 
________________________________________

60.

Hemoglobin that is carrying oxygen is called ________ and is bright red in color.  
 
________________________________________

61.

The ________ antigen is a protein first discovered on red blood cells of the Rhesus monkey. It is important for women to know if they are positive or negative for this protein.  
 
________________________________________

62.

Erythroblastosis fetalis is prevented by giving an Rh-negative woman the drug ________, which prevents an Rh-negative mother from making antibodies against the Rh antigen.  
 
________________________________________

63.

The fluid that is left when all clotting factors are removed from plasma is called ________.  
 
________________________________________

64.

An inherited form of anemia in which a defective hemoglobin chain causes microcytic, hypochromic, short-lived red blood cells is ________.  
 
________________________________________

65.

Platelets that are important in the blood-clotting process are also called ________.  
 
________________________________________

66.

The second Rh-positive child born to an Rh-negative mother may develop a condition called ________ if the mother is not given the drug RhoGAM to prevent her from making antibodies against the Rh antigen.  
 
________________________________________

67.

Another name for red blood cells (RBCs) is ________.  
 
________________________________________

68.

The percentage of red blood cells in a sample of blood is called the ________.  
 
________________________________________

69.

Approximately 55% of the blood in a healthy person is made up of ________.  
 
________________________________________

70.

The inability to absorb vitamin B₁₂ is called ________ anemia.  
 
________________________________________

71.

Bloodletting for the purpose of reducing the thickness of a person's blood is known as ________ phlebotomy.  
 
________________________________________

72.

Which abbreviation is used for the term hemoglobin?  
 

73.

Which of the following is the smallest of the plasma proteins that pull water into the bloodstream to help maintain blood pressure?  
 

74.

Mature RBCs contain a pigment called ________.  
 
________________________________________

75.

There are three major types of proteins in plasma: globulins, fibrinogens, and _____________.  
 
________________________________________