Exam Prep Chapter.27 The Lymphatic And Immune Systems

1.

In which way does an individual develop a naturally acquired active immunity?  
 

2.

The medical provider has explained to Cherise that she has an abscess in her spleen and the spleen will need to be removed. When the medical assistant who is educating Cherise on the procedure asks if she has any questions, she asks if the spleen removal will cause a health problem. What is the best response to her question?  
 

3.

Which of these nonspecific body defenses utilizes enzymes in body fluids to destroy pathogens?  
 

4.

The nonspecific body defense in which neutrophils and monocytes can leave the bloodstream to attack pathogens in other tissues is ____.  
 

5.

Interferon in the blood acts as which type of nonspecific body defense?  
 

6.

Which of the following results occurs in response to an injury?  
 

7.

Which nonspecific defense activates cells in the body to attack pathogens?  
 

8.

Mucous membranes and skin are examples of which type of nonspecific body defense?  
 

9.

In which nonspecific body defense do blood vessels dilate, bringing more blood to the area, which in turn brings phagocytic white blood cells to the area to attack the pathogen, proteins to replace injured tissues, and clotting factors to stop any bleeding?  
 

10.

Most lymphocytes in the blood are ____.  
 

11.

Which of these become plasma cells in response to an antigen and make antibodies against the specific antigen?  
 

12.

What are the major WBCs involved in specific defenses?  
 

13.

Which of the following bind to antigens on cells and attack them directly?  
 

14.

Which of the following produce memory cells that trigger a strong response to future exposures to the same antigen?  
 

15.

Which of the following increase B cell production and stimulate red bone marrow to produce more WBCs?  
 

16.

Which of the following secrete lymphokines?  
 

17.

Which of the following cells mainly target cancer cells?  
 

18.

Which of the following is unique to an individual, is present on every cell in that person's body, and activates T cells?  
 

19.

Which of the following secrete chemicals that produce holes in the membranes of harmful cells but do not have to recognize a specific antigen to start destroying pathogens?  
 

20.

Which of the following activated T cells is active against viruses and protects the body against cancer?  
 

21.

Which type of activated T cells prevents a person from having the same disease twice?  
 

22.

Which activated T cells increase phagocytosis and antibody formation?  
 

23.

Which of the following is the immunoglobulin that primarily binds to antigens on food, bacteria, or incompatible blood cells?  
 

24.

Which type of immunoglobulin recognizes bacteria, viruses, and toxins?  
 

25.

Which of these antibodies is found in secretions of the body and prevents pathogens from entering the body?  
 

26.

Which immunoglobulin triggers an allergic reaction?  
 

27.

Which immunoglobulin is thought to control the activity of B cells?  
 

28.

Which of the following does not describe a secondary immune response?  
 

29.

Which of the following describes a primary immune response?  
 

30.

Which of the following types of immunity crosses the placenta and passes through the breast milk?  
 

31.

Which type of immunity results from exposure to an antigen?  
 

32.

Which type of immunity requires injection with an antibody?  
 

33.

Which type of immunity results simply from being human, as opposed to being a cow or plant?  
 

34.

Which type of immunity results from having an infectious disease?  
 

35.

Which type of immunity results from a vaccine?  
 

36.

Allergies can be treated effectively by which of the following over-the-counter medications?  
 

37.

Which of the following is an excessive immune response that involves IgE antibodies?  
 

38.

Which of the following causes a rapid drop in blood pressure and is a life-threatening event?  
 

39.

Which of these is used to rescue a person experiencing anaphylaxis?  
 

40.

Which of the following identifies how far cancer cells have spread?  
 

41.

Elisa has just been diagnosed with stage II breast cancer. The practitioner has explained what this means, but Elisa is upset and confused. She asks the medical assistant if her cancer is serious. Which of the following is the best response to her question?  
 

42.

Any factor that causes the formation of cancer is a(n) ____.  
 

43.

Which of the following are not signs or symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus?  
 

44.

Which of the following are signs or symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome?  
 

45.

Which of the following actions causes lymph to flow through the lymphatic vessels?  
 

46.

If lymph cannot be pushed through the vessels, ____.  
 

47.

Which of the following describes the spleen?  
 

48.

Which of the following describes the thymus?  
 

49.

Ted came to the office feeling weak and has had significant weight loss recently. His blood tests show that his T-cell count is 178, his temperature is 102.4, and his blood pressure is 100/62. Based on his signs and symptoms, the practitioner might perform further tests to rule out ______.  
 

50.

Sherry is a 17-year-old patient who arrives at the office complaining of fever, headache, frequent cough, and being tired all the time. She is concerned because her boyfriend has similar symptoms and was recently diagnosed with mononucleosis. Which of the following precautions should you take while you are working with Sherry?  
 

51.

Large phagocytic cells that produce monokines and digest pathogens in the lymph are called ________.  
 
________________________________________

52.

The most active phagocytes in the blood are neutrophils and ________.  
 
________________________________________

53.

White blood cells called ________ engulf and destroy pathogens and unwanted debris in the body.
Delete this space  
 
________________________________________

54.

In a(n) ________ disease, the body begins to attack its own antigens.  
 
________________________________________

55.

When normal cells create growths, the growths are called ________, meaning they are not cancerous.  
 
________________________________________

56.

Major proteins in serum that attack pathogens and can also attract macrophages to pathogens and stimulate inflammation are called ________.  
 
________________________________________

57.

Some foreign substances in the body are too small to start an immune response by themselves, so they join to proteins in the blood, where they are able to trigger an immune response. These substances are called ________.  
 
________________________________________

58.

Fluids in the body are called ________.  
 
________________________________________

59.

The body's mechanisms to protect itself against pathogens in general are called nonspecific defenses or ________ immunity  
 
________________________________________

60.

________, which is contained in blood, acts as a chemical barrier and blocks viruses from infecting cells.  
 
________________________________________

61.

The fluid that exists between cells, called _______ fluid, is destined to become lymph.  
 
________________________________________

62.

The blockage of lymphatic vessels that drain excess fluids from the body causes ________.  
 
________________________________________

63.

T cells respond to antigens by secreting cytokines called ________, which increase T cell production and directly kill cells that have antigens.  
 
________________________________________

64.

In tears, ________ act as a chemical barrier and destroy pathogens on the surface of the eye.  
 
________________________________________

65.

Cytokines known as ________ assist in regulation of the immune response by increasing B cell production and stimulating red bone marrow to produce more white blood cells.  
 
________________________________________

66.

A highly contagious viral infection spread through the saliva of the infected person and frequently affects teenagers is ________.  
 
________________________________________

67.

The nonspecific body defense mechanism, in which monocytes leave the bloodstream and become macrophages to attack pathogens in other tissues, is called _________.  
 
________________________________________

68.

A substance that triggers an allergic response is called a(n) ________.  
 
________________________________________

69.

When an area of the body becomes injured or infected with a pathogen, ________ can result, causing blood vessels in the injured area to dilate and become leaky.  
 
________________________________________

70.

A(n) ________ is the presence of a pathogen in or on the body.  
 
________________________________________

71.

A foreign substance in the body is called a(n) ________.  
 
________________________________________

72.

A(n) ________ is a disease-causing agent such as a bacterium, virus, toxin, fungus, or protozoan.  
 
________________________________________

73.

A life-threatening condition caused by an allergy in which vessels dilate so quickly that blood pressure drops too quickly for organs to adjust is called ________.  
 
________________________________________

74.

Lymphocytes known as ________ cells primarily target cancer cells, killing these harmful cells on contact by secreting chemicals that produce holes in the membranes, causing them to burst.  
 
________________________________________

75.

The cells of the lymphatic system produce proteins known as ________, which assist in immune response regulation. Two types of these proteins are monokines and lymphokines.  
 
________________________________________

76.

Which disorder is an immune reaction linked to eating gluten that triggers a reaction causing the body to attack the small intestinal mucosa?  
 

77.

Masses of lymphoid tissue not surrounded by a capsule that are distributed in the connective tissue of mucosa are known as _______.  
 

78.

_______ are three sets of lymphoid tissue that include pharyngeal, palatine, and lingual.  
 
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