Final The Muscular System Exam Questions Chapter 24

1.

When muscles have a buildup of lactic acid, this ____.  
 

2.

A mother calls your office about her 8-month-old, who is not very active, has a weak cry, and has not had a wet diaper for 2 days. This mom is known to make homemade baby food. What advice would be appropriate for the medical assistant to give to this mother?  
 

3.

When working with parents of young children who are at risk of botulism, what is the most important instruction to give them to reduce this risk?  
 

4.

Elysia is a young woman who has just been diagnosed with fibromyalgia. The practitioner asks the medical assistant to provide her with tips to help manage this disorder. The medical assistant should suggest that she ____.  
 

5.

A man staggers into the clinic. He is known to be a heavy cocaine and alcohol user. Part of the clinical data gathered includes a urine sample, which is very dark in color. He complains of weakness and has a “small” seizure in the exam room. The practitioner suspects that he may have ____.  
 

6.

In order to get tetanus, a person must have a(n) ____.  
 

7.

An early sign of tetanus is ____.  
 

8.

Two of the best players on a middle-school soccer team just showed up 15 minutes late for a match. They want to go out on the field immediately, but the coach insists that they warm up and do stretches before joining the game. Which of the following is the best explanation the coach can give these players about warming up before entering the game?  
 

9.

Which of the following does not apply to skeletal muscle?  
 

10.

Which characteristic applies to smooth muscle?  
 

11.

Which of the following is true regarding the cardiac muscle?  
 

12.

Which of the following produces body movement?  
 

13.

Which type of muscle moves contents through hollow organs such as the intestines?  
 

14.

Which of the following are characteristics of cardiac muscle?  
 

15.

Which of the following is a protein that stores phosphate groups for use by ATP?  
 

16.

Which of the following uses glucose to help make ATP?  
 

17.

Small amounts of ATP are produced when pyruvic acid is converted to ____.  
 

18.

Which of the following does not apply to visceral smooth muscle?  
 

19.

Individual muscle cells are surrounded by which of the following?  
 

20.

The ____ divides muscles into sections called fascicles.  
 

21.

Which of the following attaches muscles to each other?  
 

22.

Which type of connective tissue separates muscles from each other?  
 

23.

Which of the following connects muscles to bone?  
 

24.

For which of the following is the use of braces an appropriate treatment?  
 

25.

Lifestyle changes of avoiding stress are recommended for patients who have ____.  
 

26.

Which symptoms are common in trichinosis?  
 

27.

One common symptom of rhabdomyolysis is ____.  
 

28.

The attachment site for the less movable bone when a muscle contracts is the ____.  
 

29.

Which muscle is most responsible for movement?  
 

30.

The attachment site for the more movable bone when a muscle contracts is the ____.  
 

31.

Which of the following is a muscle that produces movement opposite to the prime mover?  
 

32.

Which of the following muscles moves the thigh?  
 

33.

Which muscle closes the jaw?  
 

34.

The shoulder is moved by the ____ muscle.  
 

35.

Which of these muscles flexes the foot and is commonly called the calf muscle?  
 

36.

The ____ muscle moves the abdominal wall.  
 

37.

Which of the following muscles moves the forearm?  
 

38.

The ____ muscle moves the head.  
 

39.

Referring to the figure, which of the following demonstrate flexion?  
 

40.

The number 5 on the figure demonstrates ____.  
 

41.

Numbers 1 and 2 on the figure are examples of ____.  
 

42.

Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion are represented by the numbers ____.  
 

43.

Numbers 3 and 4 on the figure demonstrate ____.  
 

44.

Eversion and inversion are demonstrated by numbers ____.  
 

45.

Numbers 5 and 6 demonstrate ____.  
 

46.

Numbers 1 and 2 demonstrate ____.  
 

47.

Supination and pronation are demonstrated by numbers _____.  
 

48.

As aging occurs, muscle contractions ____.   
 

49.

As changes occur in the musculoskeletal system due to aging, which of the following is not likely to occur?  
 

50.

Monique is a 79-year-old patient who enjoys being active. Recently, however, her arthritis is getting worse, and she has been having more trouble moving around lately. She tells you that she wants to exercise and stay active, but she is not sure what kinds of exercise she can do now. Which of the following recommendations might you make?  
 

51.

Number 1 in the figure is the ________ muscle.  
 
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52.

Number 2 in the figure represents the ________ muscle.  
 
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53.

Number 3 in the figure is the ________ muscle.  
 
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54.

The ________ muscle is represented by number 4 in the figure.  
 
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55.

The ________ muscle is located at number 5 in the figure.  
 
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56.

Number 6 in the figure represents the ________ muscle.  
 
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57.

Number 7 represents the ________ muscle.  
 
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58.

The ________ is represented by number 8 on the figure.  
 
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59.

Skeletal muscle fibers respond only to the neurotransmitter ________, which causes them to contract.  
 
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60.

Once contraction has occurred, skeletal muscles release an enzyme called ________, which breaks down acetylcholine and allows the muscle to relax.  
 
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61.

The process of ________ respiration uses the body's store of glucose to make ATP.  
 
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62.

The _______ is a tough, sheet-like structure made of fibrous connective tissue that typically attaches muscles to other muscles.  
 
________________________________________

63.

________ is a rare but very serious disorder caused by a bacterium that normally lives in soil and water and mainly affects the gastrointestinal tract.  
 
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64.

The production of ________ is a rapid way for muscle to produce energy.  
 
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65.

The _______ is the covering of connective tissue that surrounds individual muscle cells.  
 
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66.

A thin covering that is just deep to the fascia of a muscle and surrounds the entire muscle is the ________.  
 
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67.

The ________ is connective tissue that is just below the skin to help support and hold together muscles, bones, nerves, and blood vessels.  
 
________________________________________

68.

The perimysium is connective tissue surrounding a group of muscle fibers called a ________.  
 
________________________________________

69.

A fairly common condition that results in chronic pain primarily in joints, muscles, and tendons and most commonly affects women between the ages of 20 and 50 is ________.  
 
________________________________________

70.

The biceps brachii attaches to two places on the scapula and to one site on the radius. When the biceps brachii contracts, the radius moves and the arm bends at the elbow. The ________ site of the biceps brachii is its attachment site on the radius.  
 
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71.

The biceps brachii attaches to two places on the scapula and to one site on the radius. When the biceps brachii contracts, the radius moves and the arm bends at the elbow. The ________ of the biceps brachii is where it attaches to the scapula.  
 
________________________________________

72.

Groups of cardiac muscle are connected to each other through ________ discs that allow the fibers in each group to contract and relax together and allows the heart to work as a pump.  
 
________________________________________

73.

Pyruvic acid is converted into acetyl coenzyme A, which begins a series of reactions known as the ________ cycle or the citric acid cycle.  
 
________________________________________

74.

When pyruvic acid is converted to ________ acid for energy production, this waste product builds up and causes muscle fatigue.  
 
________________________________________

75.

The smooth muscle found in the iris of the eye and the walls of blood vessels, which contracts in response to neurotransmitters and hormones, is known as a ________ smooth muscle.  
 
________________________________________

76.

Muscle ________ is a condition in which a muscle has lost its ability to contract. This condition usually develops because of an accumulation of lactic acid.  
 
________________________________________

77.

Myocytes are called muscle ________ because of their long lengths.  
 
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78.

Muscle cells, or ________, are called muscle fibers because of their long lengths.  
 
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79.

Most of the sarcoplasm is filled with long structures called ________, which produce the striations observed in skeletal and cardiac muscle cells.  
 
________________________________________

80.

The oxygen needed for aerobic respiration is stored in the muscle pigment called ________, which also gives muscle its pinkish color.  
 
________________________________________

81.

Cardiac muscle reacts to the neurotransmitter ________ by speeding up the heart rate.  
 
________________________________________

82.

When skeletal muscle is used strenuously for several minutes, oxygen ________ occurs.  
 
________________________________________

83.

In addition to responding to neurotransmitters, muscle fibers in visceral smooth muscle stimulate each other to contract, causing them to contract and relax together and producing an action called ________.  
 
________________________________________

84.

Although body movement is usually produced by a group of muscles, one muscle is responsible for most of the movement. This muscle is called the agonist or ________.  
 
________________________________________

85.

In ________, the kidneys become damaged because of toxins released from severely injured muscle cells.  
 
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86.

The cell membrane of a muscle fiber is called a(n) ________.  
 
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87.

The cytoplasm of myocytes is called _______.  
 
________________________________________

88.

The endoplasmic reticulum in myocytes is called ________ reticulum.  
 
________________________________________

89.

A valve-like structure around a body opening and passage that controls the movement of substances into and out of the passages is called a(n) ________.  
 
________________________________________

90.

Most of the sarcoplasm is filled with long structures called myofibrils whose filaments produce the ________ observed in skeletal and cardiac muscle cells.  
 
________________________________________

91.

A muscle that helps the prime mover by stabilizing a joint is called a(n) ________.  
 
________________________________________

92.

The tough, cord-like structures made of fibrous connective tissue that connect muscles to bones are called ________.  
 
________________________________________

93.

The muscular disorder that usually occurs after a sports-related activity resulting in injury to the muscle tendon or tendon-to-bone attachment is ________.  
 
________________________________________

94.

________ is a disease that infects skeletal muscles, the heart, the lungs, and the brain and is caused by worms ingested by eating undercooked meat.  
 
________________________________________

95.

Muscle fibers in ________ smooth muscle not only respond to neurotransmitters, but also stimulate each other to contract and produce peristalsis.  
 
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96.

One function of muscles is to hold the bones tightly together in order to ________  the joints.  
 
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97.

When muscles contract, they produce ________, which helps the body maintain a normal temperature.  
 
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98.

When facial muscles contract, they produce different kinds of facial ________, such as smiling or frowning.  
 
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99.

The ________ muscle in the heart produces the atrial and ventricular contractions that pump blood into and through the blood vessels.  
 
________________________________________

100.

Tub and shower seats are examples of ________ devices that can help aging patients who are experiencing difficulties with dexterity and gripping.  
 
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