Test Bank The Respiratory System Ch.28

1.

How does the level of carbon dioxide in the person’s blood change when a person hyperventilates?  
 

2.

Normally, when blood levels of carbon dioxide rise, ____.  
 

3.

Which of the following can normally cause an increased respiratory rate and depth?  
 

4.

Which of the following describes the function of cilia?  
 

5.

Which of the following extend(s) from the lateral walls of the nasal cavity?  
 

6.

Which of the following lines the nasal cavity and helps remove pathogens?  
 

7.

The nasal cavity is divided by the ____.  
 

8.

Which of these are tiny air sacs surrounded by capillaries where gas exchange occurs?  
 

9.

Which of the following allow the lungs to move freely in the thorax due to the secretion of a serous fluid?  
 

10.

The ____ are the part of the respiratory tree to which the alveoli are attached.  
 

11.

What is the medical term for the opening between the vocal cords?  
 

12.

Which of the following prevents food from entering the airway during swallowing?  
 

13.

Which of the following does not occur when air enters the lungs?  
 

14.

Which of these occurs when air leaves the lungs?  
 

15.

Which of the following does not affect the respiratory rate?  
 

16.

Which of the following exerts control on the respiratory rhythm?  
 

17.

Which of the following is the sum of tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, and expiratory reserve volume?  
 

18.

What is the amount of air forcefully exhaled after a normal exhalation called?  
 

19.

The amount of air that moves in or out of the lungs during a normal breath is the ____.  
 

20.

What is the amount of air that can be forcefully inhaled after a normal inhalation called?  
 

21.

What is the amount of air that remains in the lungs at all times called?  
 

22.

The ____ is the total amount of air that the lungs can hold.  
 

23.

The total amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after the deepest inhalation possible is the ____.  
 

24.

Which of the following is caused by a virus and lasts 5–10 days?  
 

25.

In which condition does inflammation cause an obstruction in the tubes of the bronchial tree?  
 

26.

Smokers are much more likely to develop ____ than are nonsmokers, and repeated episodes increase a person's chance of eventually developing lung cancer.  
 

27.

In which disorder is airflow to the lungs limited and do the alveoli become enlarged?  
 

28.

Which of the following is an acute type of bacterial pneumonia caused by bacteria found in air conditioning systems?  
 

29.

Which of these is a chronic condition that damages the alveoli of the lungs due to stretching of the spaces between the alveoli and paralyzes the cilia of the respiratory system?  
 

30.

Which of the following is a collection of air in the chest around the lungs, which may cause atelectasis?  
 

31.

Which of the following conditions may occur when heart function declines and fluid fills spaces of the lungs?  
 

32.

____ is a blocked artery in the lungs and is frequently the result of immobility.  
 

33.

Which of the following is a relatively new respiratory disease caused by a virus that is very contagious and sometimes fatal?  
 

34.

It is best to position a baby on its back for sleep to decrease the chance of ____. This is especially important for those known to be at risk, those with previous apneic episodes, or those who have lost a sibling.  
 

35.

Which of the following is caused by smoking or by exposure to radon, asbestos, or industrial carcinogens?  
 

36.

Which of these is not caused by cigarette smoking?  
 

37.

Which of the following is not a form of pneumoconiosis?  
 

38.

Mr. Adams is 46 years old, is 5 feet 6 inches tall, and weighs 278 pounds. He has no physical complaints, but has come to the office because lately his wife has been complaining more and more about his snoring. She says it keeps her awake at night. He wonders if there is anything he can do about it, but he warns, "I won't wear one of those machine things at night!" When taking his history, you note that his tonsils were removed when he was 14. He has no allergies and does not complain of nasal congestion. He does not drink alcohol. Which of the following suggestions is most likely to help Mr. Adams with his snoring problem?  
 

39.

Georgia is a 27-year-old patient who has allergic rhinitis. She has a severe allergy to animal dander, which causes sneezing and severe congestion. She is engaged to marry Bob, who has a cat. The cat is almost 15 years old and has been with Bob since it was a kitten. Finding another home for the cat is not an option—neither Bob nor Georgia wants to do that. Unfortunately, over-the-counter antihistamines have not worked. Georgia states that she is currently taking Allegra®, but it is plain to see that she is still very congested. What alternatives might the physician suggest for Georgia?  
 

40.

Denise is a 24-year-old who has been diagnosed with SARS. She has a fever, headache, and says she just aches all over. She is very worried, though, because she is a single mother and has two young children, ages 3 and 5. She knows that SARS is highly contagious and sometimes fatal, and she does not want to transmit the disease to her children. Which of the following might be your best suggestion for Denise?  
 

41.

Letter A is the ________, a passage through which air flows to the pharynx.  
 
________________________________________

42.

Letter B on the figure is the ________, which is made of bones and cartilage.  
 
________________________________________

43.

Letter C on the figure is the ________, which belongs to both the respiratory system and the digestive system.  
 
________________________________________

44.

Letter D on the figure is the ________. a flap-like structure that closes off the larynx during swallowing.  
 
________________________________________

45.

The opening between the vocal cords (Letter E on the figure) is the ________.  
 
________________________________________

46.

The ________ (letter F) lies just above the trachea; it moves air in and out of the trachea and produces the sounds of the voice.  
 
________________________________________

47.

Letter G is the ________, which extends from the larynx to the bronchi.  
 
________________________________________

48.

The ________, designated by letter H, are the main stems off the distal end of the trachea.  
 
________________________________________

49.

Letter I on the figure represents the ________, which branch off the tertiary bronchi within the lungs.  
 
________________________________________

50.

Letter J designates the ________, which contain the bronchial trees and alveoli.  
 
________________________________________

51.

Letter K on the figure represents the ________, a muscle that contracts and relaxes to control the amount of space in the thoracic cavity.  
 
________________________________________

52.

The structure indicated by the letter E on the figure is the ________.  
 
________________________________________

53.

The structure indicated by the letter F is a(n) ________.  
 
________________________________________

54.

Letter A is a(n) ________, which branches off the tertiary bronchi.  
 
________________________________________

55.

The alveolar sac is connected to letter D, which is a(n) ________.  
 
________________________________________

56.

The structure indicated by letter G is the ________, which is considered the "working tissue" of the lung.  
 
________________________________________

57.

Allergic ________ is a hypersensitivity reaction to various airborne allergens.  
 
________________________________________

58.

Lung diseases that result from years of exposure to different environmental or occupational types of dust are called ________.  
 
________________________________________

59.

Another name for an upper respiratory tract infection (URI) or the common cold is ________.  
 
________________________________________

60.

The third cartilage of the larynx is called the ________ cartilage, which forms most of the posterior wall of the larynx and a small part of the anterior wall.  
 
________________________________________

61.

Symptoms of atelectasis include dyspnea, ________ or excessive perspiration, anxiety, tachycardia, and intercostal muscle retraction.  
 
________________________________________

62.

The medical term for a collapsed lung is ________.  
 
________________________________________

63.

The medical term for when a patient has difficulty breathing is ______.  
 
________________________________________

64.

A pleural effusion caused by an infective process may result in a pus buildup, which is known as ________.  
 
________________________________________

65.

The larynx is formed by three cartilages: the thyroid cartilage, the ________ cartilage, and the cricoid cartilage.  
 
________________________________________

66.

The ________ is the flap-like structure that closes off the larynx during swallowing so that food and liquids do not enter the respiratory system when swallowing occurs.  
 
________________________________________

67.

The largest cartilage in the larynx, indicated by letter C, is the ________.  
 
________________________________________

68.

Letter A in the figure is the ________, which forms the framework for the epiglottis.  
 
________________________________________

69.

Letter D in the figure represents the ________, which forms most of the posterior wall of the larynx.  
 
________________________________________

70.

The ________, shown at letter E in the figure, transports air to the bronchi.  
 
________________________________________

71.

The respiratory symptoms of lung cancer include a cough that worsens over time and ______, or coughing up blood.  
 
________________________________________

72.

A pleural effusion may consist of blood in the pleural cavity, called a(n) ________.  
 
________________________________________

73.

A pleural effusion caused by fluid in the pleural cavity is called a(n) ________.  
 
________________________________________

74.

Breathing rapidly and deeply, which decreases the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood, is called ________.  
 
________________________________________

75.

Inadequate oxygenation of the cells is called ________.  
 
________________________________________

76.

Difficulty breathing, especially when lying down, is a condition known as ________.  
 
________________________________________

77.

A pleural ________ may consist of blood, fluid, air, or pus in the pleural cavity.  
 
________________________________________

78.

Pleuritis, or ________, is a condition in which the pleura of the lungs become inflamed.  
 
________________________________________

79.

A condition in which the pleura become inflamed is ________ or pleurisy.  
 
________________________________________

80.

A pleural effusion that consists of air in the pleural cavity is also called a(n) ________.  
 
________________________________________

81.

A pleural effusion that consists of pus in the pleural cavity is called a(n) ________.  
 
________________________________________

82.

The fatty substance that helps maintain the inflation of the alveoli so that they do not collapse in on themselves between inspirations is called ________.  
 
________________________________________

83.

When a patient has fluid and/or pus in the pleural cavity, a(n) ________ is done to remove it.  
 
________________________________________

84.

A(n) ________ requires insertion of a tube into the pleural cavity to continually drain the fluid.  
 
________________________________________

85.

In severe cases of snoring, patients may need surgery to trim excess tissues in the throat; this is called a(n) ________.  
 
________________________________________

86.

The function of the respiratory system is to move air in and out of the lungs. This process is called ________, respiration, or breathing.  
 
________________________________________

87.

Most of the oxygen in the bloodstream binds to the heme portion of ________ in red blood cells.  
 
________________________________________

88.

Hemoglobin bound to oxygen is bright red in color and is called ________.  
 
________________________________________

89.

When carbon dioxide binds to hemoglobin, it forms ________.  
 
________________________________________

90.

Most of the carbon dioxide that enters the blood is converted to ________ by red blood cells.  
 
________________________________________

91.

Carbon monoxide gas is poisonous to humans and is particularly dangerous because it binds to the same receptor sites on hemoglobin as does ___________.  
 
________________________________________