Test Bank Docx The Cardiovascular System nan Chapter 25

1.

The purpose of the four valves of the heart is to ____.  
 

2.

Body cells surrounding capillaries usually have a ____.  
 

3.

Water is forced through capillary walls by ____.  
 

4.

In the clinical setting, blood pressure refers to _______.  
 

5.

Blood pressure is greatest in the arteries ____.  
 

6.

What causes a myocardial infarction?  
 

7.

The ____ lies on top of the visceral pericardium.  
 

8.

Which of following is a membrane that covers the heart?  
 

9.

The outermost layer of the heart wall, which contains fat that helps cushion the heart, is known as the _________.  
 

10.

Which of the following is the thickest layer of the heart, which is made up of muscle?  
 

11.

Which layer of the heart is the outermost layer, which contains fat to cushion the heart?  
 

12.

Which of the following is the innermost layer of the heart, which is thin and smooth?  
 

13.

Which of these layers of the heart wall contains Purkinje fibers?  
 

14.

Which valve is between the left atrium and left ventricle?  
 

15.

What is the name of the valve that is also known as the mitral valve?  
 

16.

The ____ valve is between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk.  
 

17.

The ____ valve prevents blood from flowing back into the left ventricle.  
 

18.

Which of the following valves prevents blood from flowing back into the right ventricle?  
 

19.

Which component of the cardiac conduction system is located between the ventricles and splits into left and right branches?  
 

20.

Which part of the cardiac conduction system is located in the wall of the right atrium?  
 

21.

Which part of the cardiac conduction system is known as the pacemaker of the heart?  
 

22.

Which part of the cardiac conduction system is located in the walls of the ventricles and cause the ventricles to contract?  
 

23.

Which part of the cardiac conduction system receives the impulse from the SA node?  
 

24.

The bundle of His splits into left and right bundle branches that carry an electrical impulse to the ____.  
 

25.

Which of the following causes dysrhythmia when elevated?  
 

26.

Which of the following can cause longer-than-normal heart contractions?  
 

27.

Which of the following does not cause an increase in the heart rate?  
 

28.

Which of the following decreases the heart rate?  
 

29.

The cardiac control center responds to ____.  
 

30.

The ____ have walls that are one cell thick.  
 

31.

Venules and arterioles are connected by ____.  
 

32.

Which of the following are the strongest blood vessels that function to carry blood away from the heart?  
 

33.

The ____ are small vessels that carry oxygenated blood.  
 

34.

The ____ are small vessels that carry deoxygenated blood.  
 

35.

Which of the following results in an increased blood pressure?  
 

36.

Which of the following does not decrease the blood pressure?  
 

37.

Which of the following veins drains the intestines?  
 

38.

Which artery supplies blood to the thigh?  
 

39.

The blood supply for the teeth comes from the ____ artery.  
 

40.

Which arteries supply blood to the rib area?  
 

41.

The ____ arteries supply blood to the forearm and hand.  
 

42.

The ____ vein is the major vein in the legs.  
 

43.

Gluteal areas are served by the ____ veins.  
 

44.

The ____ vein takes blood to the liver from the intestines.  
 

45.

Blood leaves the armpits through the ____ veins.  
 

46.

The ____ vein removes blood from the thorax and abdomen.  
 

47.

Which of the following causes of chest pain is heart-related?  
 

48.

Which of the following causes chest pain only when someone pushes on the chest?  
 

49.

Mr. Jackson is being seen in the urgent care center where you work because of severe chest pain. He says the pain is sharp and severe and gets worse when he coughs or breathes in. He is afraid he is having a heart attack. Based on these symptoms, you might suspect that he has  
 

50.

Chest pain caused by ____ generally occurs only during body movements.  
 

51.

If chest pain follows a meal and increases when the patient bends over, it is generally due to ____.  
 

52.

Karyn has been having episodes of tachycardia (rapid heartbeat) associated with her congestive heart failure. Karyn does not want to add “yet another” medication to those she is already taking. Which of the following options might help Karyn control her rapid heartbeat without medication?  
 

53.

Mr. Johnson is an overweight patient with a history of myocardial infarction four years ago. He is in the office today complaining that he just doesn’t feel well. He is experiencing nausea, shortness of breath, and a little dizziness. His feet and ankles seem swollen and his neck veins are prominent. For which of the following conditions might the practitioner test given the patient’s symptoms?  
 

54.

Mrs. Landon has been diagnosed with coronary artery disease. Her cholesterol level is high, and the physician advised her to get more exercise and follow a low-fat diet. At her follow-up appointment, however, the physician tests her cholesterol level and it is still unacceptably high. Which of the following medications might you expect the physician to prescribe to help lower her cholesterol?  
 

55.

The ________ valve (letter A) prevents blood from flowing back into the right ventricle. It is called a semilunar valve because its cusps are shaped like a half moon.  
 
________________________________________

56.

The ________ veins (letter B) empty oxygenated blood into the left atrium.  
 
________________________________________

57.

Blood that is low in oxygen and rich in carbon dioxide enters the ________ (letter C) of the heart.  
 
________________________________________

58.

When the ________ (letter D) contracts, blood is pushed through the aortic semilunar valve into the aorta.  
 
________________________________________

59.

The ________ valve (letter E) has two cusps and is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle.  
 
________________________________________

60.

Blood enters the ________ (letter F) from the left ventricle to be distributed throughout the body.  
 
________________________________________

61.

When the ________ (letter G) contracts, blood is pushed through the pulmonary semilunar valve into the pulmonary artery trunk.  
 
________________________________________

62.

The ________ (letter H) separates the ventricles.  
 
________________________________________

63.

When the right ventricle contracts, deoxygenated blood is pushed through the pulmonary semilunar valve into a larger artery called the ________ (letter I).  
 
________________________________________

64.

The pulmonary trunk branches into the left and right ________ (letter J), which carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs.  
 
________________________________________

65.

Veins of the body pick up oxygen-poor blood and empty it into the superior and inferior ________ (letter K).  
 
________________________________________

66.

The ________ valve (letter L) has three cusps, is situated between the right atrium and the right ventricle, and prevents blood from flowing back into the right atrium when the right ventricle contracts.  
 
________________________________________

67.

The ________ valve (letter M) is situated between the left ventricle and the aorta and prevents blood from flowing back into the left ventricle.  
 
________________________________________

68.

The pulmonary veins empty the oxygenated blood into the _______ (letter N).  
 
________________________________________

69.

A bulge or weak area in the wall of the aorta is called an aortic ________.  
 
________________________________________

70.

A hardening of the fatty plaque deposits within the arteries is ________.  
 
________________________________________

71.

The blood pressure is regulated partly by ________, which measure blood pressure and are located in the aorta and carotid arteries.  
 
________________________________________

72.

Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart is called ________.  
 
________________________________________

73.

If an embolus blocks a cerebral artery, the result may be a(n) ________, or stroke.  
 
________________________________________

74.

The cusps of the AV valve are anchored to cardiac muscle by cord-like structures called ________ _________.  
 
________________________________________

75.

When the ventricles relax, blood pressure in arteries is at its lowest. This pressure is called the ________ pressure.  
 
________________________________________

76.

Fluid retention can cause swelling, or ________, in the legs or feet.  
 
________________________________________

77.

A consistent resting blood pressure measured at 140/90 mm Hg or higher is diagnosed as ________.  
 
________________________________________

78.

The atria are separated from each other by a walled membrane known as the ________.  
 
________________________________________

79.

The ventricles of the heart are separated by the ________ septum.  
 
________________________________________

80.

The ________ circuit is the route that blood takes from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart again.  
 
________________________________________

81.

After the impulse flows through the ________, the ventricles contract and the SA node starts the flow of a new impulse.  
 
________________________________________

82.

The _________ circuit is the route blood takes from the heart through the body and back to the heart.  
 
________________________________________

83.

The pressure in the arteries caused by ventricular contraction is called the ________ pressure.  
 
________________________________________

84.

Twisted, dilated veins that are usually seen in the legs are called ________ veins.  
 
________________________________________

85.

The tightening or constriction of the muscular wall of an artery that increases blood pressure is called ________.  
 
________________________________________

86.

The widening of the wall of an artery that decreases blood pressure is called ________.  
 
________________________________________

87.

On the diagram of the ECG, the letter ________, or P wave, indicates that an electrical impulse was sent through the atria.  
 
________________________________________

88.

The letters BCD designate the ________ complex, which indicates that an electrical impulse was sent through the ventricles.  
 
________________________________________

89.

The T wave, which indicates relaxation of the ventricles, is designated by the letter ________.  
 
________________________________________