The Skeletal System Test Questions & Answers Ch.23 nan

1.

Which of the following is defined as the plate of cartilage at the end of a bone that is necessary for the bone to continue growing?  
 

2.

Which of the following would the medical assistant recommend when educating patients with gout?  
 

3.

Which of the following lifestyle changes should be recommended to patients to help them prevent osteoporosis?  
 

4.

When teaching patients about bone health and diet, which of the following is recommended that patients should eat regularly?  
 

5.

The most important nutrient for bone growth is ____.  
 

6.

Bone density can be increased by ____.  
 

7.

In order to maintain healthy dense bones, what advice would be given to patients?  
 

8.

Bone scans can be used to diagnose causes of ____.  
 

9.

Fontanels are ____.  
 

10.

When you turn your head, ____.  
 

11.

What type of bones are vertebrae?  
 

12.

Which type of bone is primarily located in the skull and rib cage?  
 

13.

Which type of bone is the patella (kneecap)?  
 

14.

The occipital bone is an example of which type of bone?  
 

15.

Which type of bone is located primarily in the arms and legs?  
 

16.

The humerus is an example of a(n) ____ bone.  
 

17.

What lines the holes of spongy bones?  
 

18.

Which of these surrounds the diaphysis?  
 

19.

In adults, which of the following contains yellow marrow, which consists of mostly fat?  
 

20.

Which of these covers the epiphyses of long bones?  
 

21.

The expanded end of a long bone is the ____.  
 

22.

A lateral, S-shaped curvature of the spine is called ____.  
 

23.

In which disorder do bones become enlarged, deformed, and weak?  
 

24.

Bones gradually become thin in ____.  
 

25.

Brittle-bone disease is another name for ____.  
 

26.

The condition commonly referred to as humpback is ____.  
 

27.

Which disorder is caused by uric acid deposits in the joints?  
 

28.

Which of the following would a practitioner recommend as a treatment for a patient with gout?  
 

29.

A recommendation to prevent osteoporosis is ____.  
 

30.

____ can be used to treat the Ewing sarcoma family of tumors and osteosarcoma.  
 

31.

Donald is a 14-year-old patient who is being seen today because of severe pain and swelling in his lower left leg. Donald can walk on it, but he says that walking or moving the leg in any way makes the pain much worse. Which of the following disorders or diseases would the practitioner test for given the patient’s complaints and symptoms?  
 

32.

One treatment option for Paget's disease is ____.  
 

33.

One treatment option for scoliosis is ____.  
 

34.

The foramen magnum is located in which of the following bones?  
 

35.

The ____ forms the lower sides of the skull.  
 

36.

Through which bone does the external auditory meatus run?  
 

37.

What is the anterior bone of the cranium called?  
 

38.

Which bone makes up most of the top and sides of the skull?  
 

39.

The ____ bones form the prominence of the cheeks.  
 

40.

Which bone forms part of the floor of the cranium?  
 

41.

The ____ bones are between the sphenoid and nasal bones.  
 

42.

Which of the following are bones of the wrist?  
 

43.

The ____ joins with the radius and some of the bones of the wrist and is the medial bone of the forearm.  
 

44.

The ____ form the palm of the hand.  
 

45.

The ____ joins the sternum and scapula.  
 

46.

This bone is thin and flat and is also called the shoulder blade.  
 

47.

The ____, or heel bone, is the largest tarsal bone.  
 

48.

Which of the following form the front of the foot?  
 

49.

What is the term for the bones of the toes?  
 

50.

There are five of which of these bones per foot?  
 

51.

Which of the following describes fibrous joints?  
 

52.

Cartilaginous joints are ____.  
 

53.

Which of the following describes synovial joints?  
 

54.

The bones of synovial joints are covered with ____ and are held together by a fibrous joint capsule.  
 

55.

Bones are held together by tough, cord-like structures called ____.  
 

56.

What structures allow the infant's skull to be somewhat moldable to assist with delivery through the birth canal?  
 

57.

The hyoid bone, which anchors the tongue, is included in the ____ skeleton.  
 

58.

Red blood cells need to be replaced every ____.  
 

59.

A narrow, ridge-like projection on a bone is a ____.  
 

60.

An opening through a bone that provides a passageway for blood vessels, nerves, or ligaments is a(n) ____.  
 

61.

A prominent projection on a bone is known as a(n) ____.  
 

62.

An enlargement at the end of a bone is called a(n) ____.  
 

63.

Mrs. Jefferson has visible deformities in the fingers on both hands, and she says her fingers hurt most of the time. The practitioner has diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis. Mrs. Jefferson confesses that she does not know much about this disorder and asks what causes it. What should the medical assistant tell her?  
 

64.

Sarah Winters is the CEO of a local company. She has come to the clinic because she has a nagging lower back pain. After examining Ms. Winters, the physician diagnoses lordosis and recommends that she stop wearing high heels to work. Ms. Winters protests, saying the 4-inch heels she is wearing complete her executive outfit. Which of the following suggestions would be most helpful to Ms. Winters?  
 

65.

The ________ skeleton has 126 bones, including the bones of the arms and legs, the pectoral girdle, and the pelvic girdle.  
 
________________________________________

66.

The general term meaning joint inflammation is _____.  
 
________________________________________

67.

The ________ cartilage covers the epiphyses of long bones and cushions the bones and absorbs stress during bone movements.  
 
________________________________________

68.

Bones come together at joints, or ________.  
 
________________________________________

69.

The first cervical vertebra is called the ________.  
 
________________________________________

70.

The second cervical vertebra is called the ________.  
 
________________________________________

71.

The ________ skeleton contains 80 bones, including the bones of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage.  
 
________________________________________

72.

__________ is the inflammation of the fluid-filled sac that cushions tendons.  
 
________________________________________

73.

The medical term for the largest tarsal bone in the foot that is commonly known as the heel bone is the ________.  
 
________________________________________

74.

The ________ are tiny canals that connect lacunae and allow osteocytes to spread nutrients to each other.  
 
________________________________________

75.

Spongy, or ________, bone has more spaces that are filled with red bone marrow than compact bone.  
 
________________________________________

76.

Commonly known as the collarbone, the ________ is slender in shape and joins with the sternum and scapula.  
 
________________________________________

77.

The ________, or tailbone, is a small, triangular-shaped bone that is made up of three to five fused vertebrae.  
 
________________________________________

78.

The hip bones that attach the leg to the axial skeleton and protect the pelvic organs are called ____ bones.  
 
________________________________________

79.

The first seven pairs of ribs, or true ribs, are attached directly to the sternum through pieces of cartilage called ________ cartilage.  
 
________________________________________

80.

_________ is the term for the shaft of a long bone that is tubular and consists of a thick collar of compact bone that surrounds the central medullary cavity.  
 
________________________________________

81.

The ear ________ are the smallest bones of the body and include the malleus, incus, and stapes.  
 
________________________________________

82.

The process of ossification in which bones start out as cartilage models is ________ ossification.  
 
________________________________________

83.

A membrane that lines the medullary cavity and the holes of cancellous bone and contains bone-forming cells is the ________.  
 
________________________________________

84.

The plate of cartilage between the epiphysis and the diaphysis is called a(n) ________ disk, or growth plate.  
 
________________________________________

85.

Long bones have a(n) ________ at both ends that consists of a thin layer of compact bone surrounding cancellous bone.  
 
________________________________________

86.

The ________ bones form part of the floor of the cranium.  
 
________________________________________

87.

The ________ is the thigh bone and is the largest bone in the body.  
 
________________________________________

88.

The ________ is the lateral bone of the lower leg and, at its distal end, joins with the anklebones.  
 
________________________________________

89.

As the ________ close, the sutures of the skull are formed.  
 
________________________________________

90.

The large hole at the base of the occipital bone is called the ________ magnum. It allows the spinal cord to connect to the brain.  
 
________________________________________

91.

People with ________ cannot break down uric acid and remove it from their bloodstream properly.  
 
________________________________________

92.

The red marrow in cancellous bone produces new blood cells in a process called ________.  
 
________________________________________

93.

The ________ is located in the upper part of the arm. Its proximal end joins with the scapula, and its distal end attaches at the radius and the ulna.  
 
________________________________________

94.

The ________ bone, found in the axial skeleton, anchors the tongue.  
 
________________________________________

95.

When you put your hands on your hips, you are touching the ________ of a coxal bone.  
 
________________________________________

96.

The joints between the phalangeal bones are the proximal and distal ________ joints.  
 
________________________________________

97.

There are two types of ossification: ________ and endochondral.  
 
________________________________________

98.

Each coxal bone has three parts: the ilium, the ________, and the pubis.  
 
________________________________________

99.

The holes in the matrix of bone that hold osteocytes are called ________.  
 
________________________________________

100.

The layers of bone surrounding the canals of osteons are the ________.  
 
________________________________________

101.

The ________ is the lower jawbone and is the only movable bone in the skull.  
 
________________________________________

102.

The red ________ in cancellous bone produces new blood cells in a process called hematopoiesis.  
 
________________________________________

103.

A large bump called the ________ process is located on the temporal bone just behind each ear. This is where major neck muscles attach to your skull.  
 
________________________________________

104.

The ________ forms the upper jawbone of the facial skeleton, to which the upper teeth anchor.  
 
________________________________________

105.

The term for the canal that runs through the center of the diaphysis and contains yellow bone marrow in adults is the ________ cavity.  
 
________________________________________

106.

The bones that form the palms of the hands are _______ bones.  
 
________________________________________

107.

The knuckles are joints that join the phalanges to the metacarpals and are called the ________ (MCP) joints.  
 
________________________________________

108.

The types of bones in the foot include tarsals, metatarsals, and _________.  
 
________________________________________

109.

The joints that join the toes to the foot are called ________ (MTP) joints.  
 
________________________________________

110.

Several thin ________ bones fuse together to form the bridge of the nose.  
 
________________________________________

111.

The ________ bone forms the back of the skull.  
 
________________________________________

112.

Bones grow through a process called ________.  
 
________________________________________

113.

Cells that form bone are called ________.  
 
________________________________________

114.

The cells that form holes in bone are called ________.  
 
________________________________________

115.

Bone cells are called ________.  
 
________________________________________

116.

Elongated cylinders that run up and down the long axis of the bone and have a central canal that contains blood vessels and nerves are called ________.  
 
________________________________________

117.

________ is a condition that occurs due to hypocalcemia. Bone is broken down to release calcium and is not replaced in sufficient amounts, so bone density decreases.  
 
________________________________________

118.

A type of bone cancer that originates from osteoblasts is ________.  
 
________________________________________

119.

The bones that form most of the top and sides of the skull are the ________ bones.  
 
________________________________________

120.

Another name for the kneecap is the ________.  
 
________________________________________

121.

The ________ girdle attaches the arms to the axial skeleton.  
 
________________________________________

122.

The ________ girdle attaches the legs to the axial skeleton.  
 
________________________________________

123.

The ________ is a membrane that surrounds the diaphysis and contains bone-forming cells, dense fibrous connective tissue, nerves, and blood vessels.  
 
________________________________________

124.

The bones of the fingers are the ________.  
 
________________________________________

125.

The ________ bones of each coxal bone join together to form the pelvic girdle.  
 
________________________________________

126.

The forearm bone that is located on the same side of the arm as the thumb is called the ________.  
 
________________________________________

127.

The triangular-shaped bone that consists of five fused vertebrae is the ________.  
 
________________________________________

128.

A patient with a spine that looks bent to one side, with one shoulder or hip appearing to be higher than the other, may have __________.  
 
________________________________________

129.

The deep depression in the center of the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland sits is called the ________.  
 
________________________________________

130.

A(n) ________ bone forms part of the floor of the cranium.  
 
________________________________________

131.

The ________, or breastplate, forms the front middle portion of the rib cage.  
 
________________________________________

132.

Fibrous joints in the skull are called ________.  
 
________________________________________

133.

The bones of ________ joints are covered with hyaline cartilage and are held together by a fibrous joint capsule.  
 
________________________________________

134.

The bones that form the back of the foot are the _______ bones.  
 
________________________________________

135.

Two ________ bones form the lower sides of the skull.  
 
________________________________________

136.

The medial bone of the lower leg that joins proximally to the femur and fibula and distally to the ankle bones is the _____.  
 
________________________________________

137.

The ________ is a thin bone that divides the nasal cavity.  
 
________________________________________

138.

The cartilaginous tip of the sternum is known as the ________ process.  
 
________________________________________

139.

The ________ bones are commonly called the cheekbones.  
 
________________________________________

140.

Each wrist contains eight marble-sized ________ bones.  
 
________________________________________

141.

Letter A on figure of the femur is the ________.  
 
________________________________________

142.

Letter B on the figure of the femur is the yellow _________.  
 
________________________________________

143.

On the figure of the femur, the ________ cavity is indicated by the letter C.  
 
________________________________________

144.

Letter D in the figure is ________ bone, which appears more solid than cancellous bone.  
 
________________________________________

145.

Letter E represents ________ bone; also called cancellous bone, it has more spaces within it than compact bone.  
 
________________________________________

146.

The cartilage between an epiphysis and the diaphysis, indicated by the letter F, is the ________ disk.  
 
________________________________________

147.

The letters G are the ________, which consists of a thin layer of compact bone surrounding cancellous bone.  
 
________________________________________

148.

The tubular ________ indicated by letter H consists of a thick collar of compact bone that surrounds the central medullary cavity.  
 
________________________________________

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149.

On the figure of the rib cage, letter A designates the ________ ribs.  
 
________________________________________

150.

Letter B on the diagram designates the ________ ribs.  
 
________________________________________

151.

The ________ ribs are designated by the letter C.  
 
________________________________________

152.

The ________ is letter D on the figure of the rib cage.  
 
________________________________________

153.

The tip of the sternum (letter E) is the ________ process.  
 
________________________________________

154.

Letter F is the ________ cartilage, which connects the ribs to the sternum.  
 
________________________________________