Chapter 12: Gender and Sexuality

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. Although the excitement phase looks different for men and women, the underlying mechanism, ______, is the same.

A. myotonia

B. vasocongestion

C. genital expansion

D. orgasm

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Physiology

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. The ______ is the most sexually sensitive organ in the female body.

A. vagina

B. cervix

C. clitoris

D. genital glans

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Physiology

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. In the sexual response cycle, vaginal lubrication in the female corresponds most closely to ______ in the male.

A. erection

B. ejaculation

C. muscular tension

D. there is no comparable response

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Physiology

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. The elevation of the clitoris occurs during which stage of the sexual response cycle?

A. excitement

B. plateau

C. orgasm

D. resolution

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Physiology

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Lubrication appears on the walls of the vagina during which stage of the sexual response cycle?

A. excitement

B. plateau

C. orgasm

D. resolution

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Physiology

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. Sexual desire, vasocongestion, and the muscle contractions of orgasm make up the components of which model?

A. triphasic model

B. dual control model

C. Masters and Johnson’s model

D. traditional arousal model

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Alternative Models

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Sexual inhibition is a component of which model?

A. triphasic model

B. dual control model

C. Masters and Johnson’s model

D. traditional arousal model

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Alternative Models

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. According to the dual control model, someone who is very high on excitation and low on inhibition may ______.

A. develop sexual desire disorders

B. abstain from sex more often than others

C. never need arousal medications

D. engage in risky sexual behaviors

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Alternative Models

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Masters and Johnson dispelled Freud’s myth regarding the female orgasm by showing that, physiologically, there is/are ______ kind(s) of orgasm.

A. one

B. two

C. three

D. four

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Clitoral and Vaginal Orgasm

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. Female orgasm ______.

A. may be either vaginal or clitoral, depending on the locus of stimulation

B. is always followed by a refractory period

C. physiologically is the contractions of the orgasmic platform

D. physiologically is the secretion of lubricating fluid

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Clitoral and Vaginal Orgasm

Difficulty Level: Hard

11. Unlike women, men must go through a ______ following orgasm before they are capable of arousal again.

A. resolution phase

B. refraining period

C. refractory period

D. recharge phase

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Multiple Orgasms

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. A study (Bachmann & Leiblum, 1991) of healthy women in their 60s, all with a male partner, found that those who were sexually active reported intercourse an average of ______ time(s) per month.

A. one

B. two

C. three

D. five

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sexuality and Aging

Difficulty Level: Hard

13. Bachmann and Leiblum (1991) found that women who were sexually active had ______ atrophy of the genitals than the women who were not sexually active.

A. less

B. more

C. the same amount of

D. much more

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sexuality and Aging

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. The G-spot is the popularized term for the ______.

A. clitoris

B. vagina

C. Skene’s gland

D. clitoris glans

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The G-Spot

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. Perry and Whipple estimated that ______ of women ejaculate.

A. less than 5%

B. 10%–20%

C. 25%–35%

D. 55%–70%

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The G-Spot

Difficulty Level: Hard

16. In a study by Alexander and Fisher (2003), college students were randomly assigned to one of the three experimental conditions and brought to the lab to fill out questionnaires about their sexual attitudes and behaviors. The researchers found that in the bogus pipeline condition, ______.

A. men reported more sex partners than women

B. women and men reported about the same number of sex partners

C. women reported more sex partners than men

D. women and men both reported less sex partners than the other two conditions

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Gender Differences in Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

17. Chivers et al. (2007) conducted a study measuring the physiological levels of arousal of men and women while they watched a series of 90-s clips from seven stimulus categories. They found ______.

A. men responded to a wider range of stimuli, regardless of actor gender

B. men and women responded to stimuli equally, on average

C. women responded to a wider range of stimuli, regardless of actor gender

D. gay men responded to a wider range of stimuli than women, but women responded to a wider range of stimuli than heterosexual men

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Gender Differences in Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

18. According to Else-Quest and Hyde, an important force shaping female sexuality is ______.

A. nonresponsiveness of the clitoris

B. parents’ teaching that sex is to be feared

C. lack of experience with masturbation

D. inability to orgasm

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Sexual Development

Difficulty Level: Medium

19. ______ refers to the evaluation of male behavior and female behavior according to different standards, especially in the area of sexuality.

A. The double standard

B. Ambivalence

C. Evaluation bias

D. Bievaluation

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sexual Development

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. Most discussions of teenage girls’ sexuality focus on topics such as teen pregnancy and date rape. Psychologist Michele Fine (1988) believed that conversation regarding adolescent women’s sexual needs for pleasure was lacking. Also referred to as the ______.

A. noncommunication of desire

B. limited desire content analysis

C. limited conversation of desire

D. missing discourse of desire

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Adolescent Girls, Desire, and First Intercourse

Difficulty Level: Medium

21. A content analysis of teen magazines for girls in the United States (Joshi et al., 2011) indicated that cultural factors ______.

A. play a major role in the socialization of girls’ sexuality

B. do not play a bigger role in the socialization of girls’ sexuality than parents

C. influence boys more than girls during adolescence

D. focus more on girls’ sexual desire than boys’

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Adolescent Girls, Desire, and First Intercourse

Difficulty Level: Easy

22. Sexuality is fundamentally about the body, but for many transpersons, ______.

A. the body can be realigned

B. sex can be an out of body experience

C. the body is the problem

D. the focus is on the connection to the other person

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Sexuality of Transgender Persons

Difficulty Level: Medium

23. ______ were the least likely to have wanted their first sexual experience.

A. White women

B. African American women

C. Asian American women

D. Latinx women

Learning Objective: Summarize the intersection of gender and race in sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Intersection of Gender and Race in Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

24. ______ women’s sexuality has been stereotyped as submissive and dependent on men.

A. Black

B. Asian

C. American Indian

D. White

Learning Objective: Summarize the intersection of gender and race in sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Intersection of Gender and Race in Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

25. ______ women’s sexuality is essentially invisible.

A. Black

B. Asian

C. American Indian

D. White

Learning Objective: Summarize the intersection of gender and race in sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Intersection of Gender and Race in Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

26. Hypoactive sexual desire, anorgasmia, dyspareunia, and vaginismus are examples of ______.

A. desire disorders

B. sexual disorders

C. pain disorders

D. orgasm disorders

Learning Objective: Identify the major sexual disorders and how they are treated.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Desire Disorders

Difficulty Level: Easy

27. Roughly ______ of women report no sexual desire, with the percentage ______ as women age.

A. 20%–35%; decreasing

B. 10%–15%; increasing

C. 20%–35%; increasing

D. 10%–15%; decreasing

Learning Objective: Identify the major sexual disorders and how they are treated.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Desire Disorders

Difficulty Level: Medium

28. Family background in which sex was considered dirty and sinful, previous sexual assault, and long experience of painful intercourse due to a physical problem can all be common symptoms of ______.

A. vaginismus

B. anorgasmia

C. arousal disorder

D. hypoactive sexual desire

Learning Objective: Identify the major sexual disorders and how they are treated.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Pain Disorders

Difficulty Level: Medium

29. Rather than focusing on achievement, Masters and Johnson’s sex therapy focuses on ______.

A. the partner

B. level of orgasm

C. the senses

D. the individual

Learning Objective: Identify the major sexual disorders and how they are treated.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Behavioral Therapy for Sexual Disorders

Difficulty Level: Medium

30. Kegel exercises are an example of recommendations to ______.

A. increase women’s sexual pleasure

B. increase women’s sexual arousal

C. increase women’s chance of orgasm

D. increase women’s ability to have vaginal childbirth

Learning Objective: Identify the major sexual disorders and how they are treated.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Additional Therapies for Women’s Sexual Disorders

Difficulty Level: Medium

True/False

1. The clitoris is the only exclusively sexual organ in the human body.

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Physiology

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Regarding the dual control model, women score somewhat higher on sexual excitation and men somewhat higher on inhibition.

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Alternative Models

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. Research shows that women can experience multiple orgasms before reaching the resolution phase.

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Multiple Orgasms

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Boys and girls seem to learn about masturbation in different ways.

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sexual Development

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Girls tend to experience less pleasure and more guilt at first intercourse than boys do.

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Adolescent Girls, Desire, and First Intercourse

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. Both men and women face consequences if they exceed the “appropriate” amount of sexual hookups.

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Hooking Up

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Asexuality is an example of a sexual disorder.

Learning Objective: Identify the major sexual disorders and how they are treated.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Desire Disorders

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. Frigidity is a common term used by sex therapists to describe female arousal disorders.

Learning Objective: Identify the major sexual disorders and how they are treated.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Arousal Disorders

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. Orgasmic disorders in general are common among women.

Learning Objective: Identify the major sexual disorders and how they are treated.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Arousal Disorders

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. The feminist campaign for a “pink Viagra” is an example of the co-optation of the women’s movement by big business.

Learning Objective: Identify the major sexual disorders and how they are treated.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Where’s the Female Viagra?

Difficulty Level: Easy

Short Answer

1. What is one of the main criticisms of Masters and Johnson’s work?

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Physiology

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. According to the dual control model of sexual response, the inhibition response can be highly functional. Explain one of these functions.

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location Alternative Models

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Explain what Freud meant by some women being “vaginally frigid.”

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Clitoral and Vaginal Orgasm

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. What are the two myths regarding women and sexuality that research has busted?

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Multiple Orgasms | Sexuality and Aging | The G-Spot | Gender Differences in Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Explain why experiences with masturbation important early sources of learning about sexuality are.

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Sexual Development

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. Compare and contrast hypoactive sexual desire and female sexual arousal disorder.

Learning Objective: Identify the major sexual disorders and how they are treated.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Sexual Disorders and Therapy

Difficulty Level: Hard

7. Explain one of the components of Tiefer’s recommendations for feminist sex therapy for women.

Learning Objective: Identify the major sexual disorders and how they are treated.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Feminist Sex Therapy

Difficulty Level: Medium

Essay

1. Identify and differentiate between the four phases of sexual response, specifically for women.

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Physiology

Difficulty Level: Hard

2. Petersen and Hyde (2010) conducted a meta-analysis of studies reporting data on gender differences in sexuality. Two gender differences were substantial: the incidence of masturbation and attitudes about casual sex. Explain the gender differences on these two scales. Then, explain the argument of how these results might be inaccurate.

Learning Objective: Evaluate the gender similarities and differences in sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Gender Differences in Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Hard

3. How would you define “hooking up?” What are the implications of hookup culture in the United States?

Learning Objective: Discuss the physiological and psychological issues surrounding gender and sexuality.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Hooking Up

Difficulty Level: Medium