Test Bank Docx Contraception And Pregnancy Options Ch.7

Chapter 7: Contraception and Pregnancy Options

Test Bank

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 01

1. In which culture was silphium used as a form of birth control?

a) in ancient South America

b) in ancient Greece

c) in ancient Egypt

d) in South Africa

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 02

2. Canada's first birth control clinic opened in Hamilton, Ontario, in what year?

a) 1922

b) 1932

c) 1952

d) 1962

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 03

3. In Canada, the "birth control movement" started in which socio-economic group?

a) the wealthiest, best-educated Canadians

b) middle-class factory workers

c) the poorest Canadians

d) middle-class business owners

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 04

4. Which of the following legislative actions occurred while Pierre Trudeau was Prime Minister of Canada?

a) A law was created making birth control free for all Canadians.

b) The use of birth control was removed from the Canadian Criminal Code.

c) The birth control pill became legal, but only for use to solve "menstrual problems."

d) It became illegal for doctors to refuse to prescribe birth control.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 05

5. The first formal contraception advocacy organization in Canada was formed in 1923 in which city?

a) Montreal

b) Vancouver

c) Toronto

d) Winnipeg

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 06

6. If a typical couple has sex regularly for one year without using birth control, what are the odds that the woman will become pregnant?

a) 25 per cent

b) 40 per cent

c) 85 per cent

d) 95 per cent

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 07

7. Nadya has had chronic vaginitis since she started using birth control. What form of birth control is Nadya most likely using?

a) the birth control pill

b) an intra-uterine device (IUD)

c) NuvaRing

d) condoms

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 08

8. Which of the following is NOT a side effect of hormonal contraceptives?

a) weight gain

b) chronic pelvic pain

c) nausea

d) breast tenderness

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 09

9. Isobel is single and would like to start using a hormonal method of birth control. What method would be most effective for her (assuming typical use)?

a) levonorgestrel-releasing intra-uterine system

b) Depo-Provera

c) NuvaRing

d) transdermal contraceptive patch

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 10

10. Which of the following is NOT a form of hormonal birth control?

a) Depo-Provera

b) transdermal contraceptive patch

c) cervical cap

d) NuvaRing

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 11

11. Emily can use her method of birth control "perfectly" but still has a 20 per cent chance of becoming pregnant. Which of the following is likely true of Emily?

a) She is nulliparous and using a diaphragm.

b) She is parous and using a diaphragm.

c) She is nulliparous and using the sponge.

d) She is parous and using the sponge.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 12

12. Melanie has had two children and would like to start using a non-hormonal method of birth control. What method would be most effective for her (assuming typical use)?

a) intra-uterine device (IUD)

b) diaphragm

c) cervical cap

d) sponge

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 13

13. Which method of contraception is not permanent but lasts five years?

a) tubal ligation

b) vasectomy

c) the intra-uterine device (IUD)

d) Depo-Provera

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 14

14. Dr. Thorold has recommended that Alexandra switch from using the contraceptive sponge to the birth control pill. What would be the most reasonable cause for this decision?

a) Alexandra has multiple partners.

b) Alexandra is nulliparous and monogamous.

c) Alexandra is parous.

d) Alexandra is nulliparous.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 15

15. What type of vaginal discharge will Patricia observe when she is most fertile?

a) menstrual blood

b) thick white mucus

c) sticky white mucus

d) clear elastic mucus

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 16

16. Which is true regarding the sympto-thermal approach to birth control?

a) It requires the measurement of basal body temperature each morning.

b) It requires the assessment of cervical mucus and position each morning.

c) It requires the assessment of cervical mucus and position and basal body temperature each morning.

d) It is effective after the first two weeks.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 17

17. Heather is using the calendar method of birth control and has a regular 28-day cycle. If she wishes to avoid pregnancy, on which days of her cycle should she avoid intercourse (with the first day of her menstrual period being day 1)?

a) days 8 through 18

b) days 11 through 22

c) days 14 through 25

d) days 12 through 16

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 18

18. What is a disadvantage of teaching abstinence as the best and only method for premarital birth control?

a) It may lead to risky sexual behaviours because of a lack of knowledge about what is safe.

b) Abstinence does not prevent most STIs.

c) Abstinence often causes people to be sexually inhibited when they do become married.

d) With the abstinence method, oral and anal sex are also usually not allowed so the person has no sexual options.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 19

19. Which of the following methods of natural birth control is most effective assuming normal but not perfect use?

a) lactation amenorrhea

b) withdrawal

c) calendar-based methods

d) sympto-thermal method

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 20

20. Worldwide, what is the most common form of birth control?

a) the birth control pill

b) the intra-uterine device (IUD)

c) condoms

d) female sterilization

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 21

21. According to research in Canada, what is the most common reason males cite for not using condoms?

a) They do not enjoy sexual sensation when using a condom.

b) Condoms are inconvenient to use or unavailable at the moment.

c) They do not view them as a reliable form of birth control.

d) They do not perceive themselves as at risk for contracting a sexually transmitted infection.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 22

22. Which method of birth control is most common for married or in-union people aged 15–49 in Europe?

a) male sterilization

b) female sterilization

c) the contraceptive pill

d) condoms

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 23

23. Which of the following is NOT a component of Fisher and Fisher's IMB model of sexual health behaviours?

a) motivation

b) intervention

c) information

d) behavioural skills

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 24

24. Nicole is 16 years old and has just had a baby. She is no longer in a relationship with the father. Which of the following is most likely?

a) Nicole will never have another baby.

b) Nicole will finish high school.

c) Nicole will receive welfare for the first three years of her child's life.

d) The father of Nicole's baby will provide about $200 a month to care for the child.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 25

25. According to the Population Reference Bureau, when is the world's population projected to reach 9.9 billion?

a) 2025

b) 2040

c) 2050

d) 2065

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 26

26. Who is most likely to use birth control effectively and consistently?

a) Someone who is impulsive and extraverted.

b) Someone who is open to talking about sex.

c) Someone who feels guilty about having sex.

d) Someone who is in an unstable, abusive relationship.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 27

27. What is Plan B?

a) a hormonal birth control injection

b) a brand-name intra-uterine device

c) an emergency contraceptive pill

d) a surgical method of birth control

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 28

28. Which event caused the first ever closure of the Canadian Parliament?

a) a protest in favour of legalizing abortion

b) a bomb threat by pro-life advocates

c) a stalemate between political parties concerning whether abortion should be legal

d) a bomb threat by pro-choice advocates

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 29

29. In which situation would Dr. Henry Morgentaler perform an abortion at his Montreal clinic?

a) when he determined that the mother's life was in danger

b) when a committee determined the mother's life was in danger

c) when there was medical evidence that the child would be born with severe medical problems

d) when a pregnant woman requested an abortion for any reason

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 30

30. What is the main difference between a therapeutic and an elective abortion?

a) Therapeutic abortions are legal in Canada and elective abortions are not.

b) Therapeutic and elective abortions use different techniques.

c) Therapeutic abortions are conducted to protect the mother's health or when the baby has a major birth defect.

d) A therapeutic abortion occurs after rape while an elective abortion follows failed birth control.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 31

31. Which country had the highest recorded abortion rate in the early 2000s?

a) China

b) India

c) Russia

d) Indonesia

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 32

32. Which of the following is true about the trend for abortions worldwide since the 1990s?

a) The overall rate of abortions has stayed the same, but the percentage of safe abortions has risen.

b) The overall rate of abortions has decreased, but the percentage of unsafe abortions has not.

c) The overall rate of abortions has stayed the same but the percentage of unsafe abortions has increased.

d) The overall rate of abortions and the percentage of unsafe abortions have both decreased.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 33

33. According to a 2016 poll, more than half of Canadians said they are on which side of the pro-choice––pro-life debate?

a) pro-choice

b) pro-life

c) neither pro-choice nor pro-life

d) no opinion

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 34

34. Who is most often associated with Canada's pro-choice movement?

a) Henry Morgentaler

b) Pierre Trudeau

c) Mary Anne Jamieson

d) A.R. Kaufman

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 35

35. What is the least common method of dealing with unwanted pregnancies in Canada?

a) surgical abortion

b) adoption

c) raising the baby

d) chemical abortion

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 36

36. Which of the following is true in China due to the one-child policy?

a) The per-capita net income of families has decreased.

b) Life expectancy has increased.

c) The incidence of a number of diseases has increased.

d) It has prevented nearly one billion births between 1979 and 2010.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 37

37. In which ancient culture was crocodile dung used as a contraceptive?

a) China

b) Egypt

c) Australia

d) Greece

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 38

38. Ping was born in China and has two healthy older brothers who were also born in China. Ping and her brothers must have been born before which year?

a) 1972

b) 1975

c) 1978

d) 1981

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 39

39. In general, who suffered the most under China's one-child policy?

a) parents

b) females

c) males

d) children

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 40

40. Historians believe that the most widely used form of population control among prehistorical people was likely __________.

a) infanticide

b) abstinence

c) condoms made of sheep intestine

d) the calendar method

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 41

41. Why was contraception frowned upon in 19th century Canada?

a) It was too expensive.

b) It was too unreliable.

c) It was thought to "corrupt morals."

d) It was thought to be unhealthy.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 42

42. What brought about increased tolerance of birth control in the 1960s?

a) the baby boom

b) the civil rights movement

c) advances in technology

d) concern about sexual infections

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 43

43. It is 1969, which group of women could obtain birth control pills from their doctor?

a) any woman

b) any woman in a serious relationship

c) any woman over 30

d) any married woman

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 44

44. What world event caused the Catholic Church to discourage contraception?

a) the Irish potato famine

b) the plagues

c) the Great Fire of London

d) World War I

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 45

45. Most Canadians are only familiar with which two forms of contraception?

a) abstinence and the birth control pill

b) the birth control pill and the male condom

c) the male condom and the contraceptive sponge

d) the contraceptive sponge and abstinence

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 46

46. If a sexually active couple choose not to use birth control, what is the probability that they will NOT conceive a child within a year?

a) 0 per cent

b) 15 per cent

c) 50 per cent

d) 85 per cent

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 47

47. What kind of contraceptive is the NuvaRing?

a) hormonal

b) barrier

c) surgical

d) sympto-thermal

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 48

48. Which of the following is a non-hormonal method of contraception?

a) NuvaRing

b) Depo-Provera

c) LNG-IUS

d) Cu-IUD

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 49

49. Which hormonal contraceptive has the same failure rate for perfect and typical use?

a) mini pill

b) NuvaRing

c) Depo-Provera

d) LNG-IUS

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 50

50. Jessica takes a combination oral contraceptive pill. She feels confident that she will not get pregnant. Under typical use, what is the probability that Jessica will become pregnant in the next year?

a) 0 per cent

b) 0.3 per cent

c) 5 per cent

d) 9 per cent

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 51

51. Of the hormonal contraceptive methods, which is LEAST likely to fail under typical use?

a) LNG-IUS

b) Depo-Provera

c) mini pill

d) NuvaRing

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 52

52. Neve has never given birth and likes using the contraceptive sponge because it is easy to obtain and easy to use. What is the typical probability that her method will fail her this year?

a) 9 per cent

b) 12 per cent

c) 20 per cent

d) 32 per cent

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 53

53. Which of the following contraceptive methods is LEAST effective for a woman who has already had a child?

a) NuvaRing

b) cervical cap

c) contraceptive sponge

d) mini pill

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 54

54. Which of the following methods of contraception has the lowest failure rate?

a) female sterilization

b) male sterilization

c) combination oral contraceptive pill

d) an IUD

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 55

55. Mailika has a history of chronic pelvic pain and is looking for a method of contraception. What would be a choice that may help reduce the risk of the pain coming back and act as an effective contraceptive?

a) NuvaRing

b) mini pill

c) Depo-Provera

d) female condom

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 56

56. Miranda wants to know if she can use the standard-days calendar method. Her doctor says it will work if her cycles are between __________ days long.

a) 22 and 28

b) 24 and 30

c) 26 and 32

d) 28 and 34

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 57

57. Rhea and Ned have switched from no method of contraception to a standard-days calendar method. Assuming perfect use, how likely are Rhea and Ned to avoid pregnancy with this method?

a) 20 per cent

b) 45 per cent

c) 80 per cent

d) 95 per cent

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 58

58. Which method of contraception takes the average length of cycles across a year and uses the length of these cycles to predict days in the cycle when a woman may be fertile?

a) rhythm method

b) sympto-thermal approach

c) standard-days method

d) abstinence

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 59

59. In which region would a married couple most likely choose male sterilization as a method of contraception?

a) Asia

b) North America

c) Europe

d) Africa

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 60

60. In which region would a married couple most likely choose an IUD as a method of contraception?

a) Asia

b) Europe

c) North America

d) Africa

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 61

61. How does the use of the IUD by women worldwide compare to the use of the IUD by women in Canada?

a) The IUD is used equally in Canada and worldwide.

b) The IUD is used more frequently worldwide than in Canada.

c) The IUD is used more frequently in Canada than worldwide.

d) The IUD is not used in Canada.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 62

62. Jill and James are married, live in North America, and are both 42 years old. They have completed their family. What method of contraception are Jill and James most likely to use?

a) oral contraceptives

b) male condom

c) male sterilization

d) female sterilization

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 63

63. Gia and Greg are married, live in Canada and are both 27 years old. They want to wait a few years before starting a family. What method of birth control do they most likely use?

a) oral contraceptives

b) implants

c) withdrawal

d) IUD

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 64

64. The rate of teenage pregnancy has been __________ in Canada.

a) increasing

b) fluctuating

c) decreasing

d) stable

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 65

65. In Canada, what percentage of women have never asked their health care provider about birth control?

a) 2 per cent

b) 18 per cent

c) 28 per cent

d) 42 per cent

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 66

66. According to the IMB model by Fisher & Fisher, sexual risk-taking is less likely when a person has all of the following factors EXCEPT __________.

a) access to information at the right time

b) a personal attitude that discourages sexual risk-taking

c) an ability to discuss birth control with their partner

d) a reason to be afraid of becoming pregnant

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 67

67. Any method of contraception that is used after intercourse but before an egg can be implanted in the uterus is called __________.

a) Plan B

b) emergency contraception

c) an early-stage abortion

d) uterine evacuation

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 68

68. Which emergency contraceptive pill contains estrogen and is more likely to induce nausea than other options?

a) Yuzpe

b) Plan B

c) mini pill

d) Loestrin

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 69

69. Which emergency contraceptive pill has the LEAST negative side effects?

a) Yuzpe

b) Plan B

c) mini pill

d) Loestrin

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 70

70. In what year did emergency contraceptive pills become available without a prescription in Canada?

a) 1996

b) 2000

c) 2005

d) 2009

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 71

71. How effective is emergency contraception at preventing a pregnancy if taken within 72 hours post coitus?

a) 15-29 per cent

b) 45-59 per cent

c) 75-89 per cent

d) 100 per cent

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 72

72. Sarah is 36 and has three children. She and her husband have decided their family is complete. Last night they had unprotected sex. What form of contraception can Sarah begin in the next 7 days to prevent the implantation of a fertilized egg?

a) mini pill

b) IUD

c) Depo-Provera

d) NuvaRing

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 73

73. Insertion of an IUD can be used as an emergency contraceptive for up to __________ days after unprotected intercourse.

a) four

b) five

c) six

d) seven

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 74

74. Which of the following describes an elective abortion?

a) an abortion to protect the health of the mother

b) an abortion because the fetus is unhealthy

c) an abortion because a pregnancy is likely to cause mental health problems

d) an abortion because the financial burden of a child is too great

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 75

75. What is the current legal status of abortion in Canada?

a) It is legal in seven provinces.

b) It is legal in six provinces.

c) It is legal only if a mother's health is at risk.

d) It is legal everywhere.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 76

76. A medical abortion can be completed up to the __________ week of gestation.

a) seventh

b) eighth

c) ninth

d) tenth

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 77

77. In Canada, about how many women put their children up for adoption in a given year?

a) a few hundred

b) a few thousand

c) at least 10,000

d) about 20,000

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 78

78. Which of the following describes the pattern of adoption in Canada?

a) There are similar numbers of private and public adoptions.

b) There are only private adoptions.

c) There are more private than public adoptions.

d) There are more public than private adoptions.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 79

79. Which of the following types of abortion requires general anaesthetic?

a) medical abortion

b) manual vacuum aspiration

c) vacuum suction curettage

d) dilation and evacuation

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 80

80. Which method of contraception was most frequently used by Canadian women as reported by a 2006 study?

a) condoms

b) oral contraceptives

c) withdrawal

d) IUD

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 81

81. Lactational amenorrhea is ________ per cent effective as a temporary postpartum method of birth control as long as menstruation has not returned, the baby is being nursed exclusively with breastmilk, and the baby is less than six months of age.

a) 25

b) 52

c) 78

d) 98

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 82

82. A(n) ________ is a type of abortion performed for reasons other than maternal or fetal health.

a) therapeutic abortion

b) elective abortion

c) pro-choice abortion

d) pro-life abortion

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 83

83. Which of the following is NOT considered to be a surgical abortion technique?

a) vacuum suction curettage

b) dilation and evacuation

c) manual vacuum aspiration

d) mifepristone

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 84

84. Which of the following statements is false?

a) A female cannot get pregnant if the male does not orgasm\ejaculate.

b) A female cannot get pregnant the first time she has sex with a male.

c) A female cannot get pregnant if she has sex during menstruation.

d) All of the above statements are false.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 85

85. With regards to female douching, which of the following statements is false?

a) Douching after sexual intercourse is an effective method of birth control.

b) Douching after sexual intercourse is not an effective way to prevent STIs.

c) Douching after sexual intercourse could lead to infections.

d) Douching after sexual intercourse is not an effective method of birth control.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 86

86. Which of the following is NOT considered to be a hormonal contraceptive?

a) Cu-IUD

b) LNG-IUS

c) NuvaRing

d) Depo-Provera

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 87

87. Progestin-only hormonal contraceptives offer which advantage over combination hormonal contraceptives?

a) They offer some protection from STIs.

b) They eliminate the chances of irregular bleeding.

c) They are appropriate for use while breastfeeding.

d) They may decrease acne.

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 88

88. The sympto-thermal approach to contraception can be as high as ________ per cent effective for perfect users, and __________ per cent effective for typical users.

a) 89; 80

b) 99; 80

c) 87; 78

d) 85; 75

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 89

89. Statistics on contraceptive use in Canada commonly reflect that ________.

a) Canada has access to fewer methods of birth control as compared with other developed countries

b) Canada has access to more methods of birth control as compared with other developed countries

c) IUDs are the most common form of birth control

d) women over 40 are most likely to use contraception

Type: multiple choice question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 90

90. Which of the following statements about emergency contraception is false?

a) Emergency contracepion is not recommended as a regular method of birth control.

b) Emergency contracepion does not have an effect on established pregnancies.

c) Emergency contracepion should be used after intercourse and before the time that the fertilized egg can implant in the uterine lining.

d) Emergency contracepion is not available over-the-counter in Canada.

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 01

1. Prehistorically, the most commonly used form of population control was __________, and it remained fairly commonplace in Europe, India, and China until the nineteenth century.

Feedback: infanticide

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 02

2. When talking about birth control effectiveness, __________ __________ refers to a realistic situation in which some people will inevitably make mistakes in use, perhaps because they are misinformed, intoxicated, tired, or forgetful.

Feedback: typical use

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 03

3. When a method of contraception is used 100 per cent correctly, this is termed __________ __________.

Feedback: perfect use

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 04

4. The hormone-based contraceptive that increases a woman's risk of vaginitis is __________.

Feedback: NuvaRing

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 05

5. __________ __________ may prevent pregnancy but has no effect on established pregnancies.

Feedback: Emergency contraception

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 06

6. On average, the withdrawal method is __________ per cent effective in preventing pregnancy with typical use.

Feedback: 81

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 07

7. Research into the psychological ramifications of abortions is problematic because in many cases, some form of __________ might have interfered with the results.

Feedback: bias

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 08

8. The effectiveness of post-coital __________ insertion as an emergency method of birth control is close to 100 per cent if done within a week.

Feedback: IUD

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 09

9. Jennifer has asked for a(n) __________ abortion because she isn't ready for single motherhood.

Feedback: elective

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 10

10. The least common solution for unwanted pregnancies in Canada appears to be __________.

Feedback: adoption

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 11

11. A woman who has never given birth is referred to as __________.

Feedback: nulliparous

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 12

12. Standard-days method is often a more accurate variation of the __________ method.

Feedback: rhythm

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 13

13. Lactation amenorrhea prevents conception in women who are __________.

Feedback: breastfeeding

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 14

14. The most common contraceptive methods worldwide are and the IUD and __________ __________.

Feedback: female sterilization

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 15

15. Impulsivity, extraversion, and neuroticism are traits that are correlated with __________ sexual behaviour.

Feedback: risky

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 16

16. Plan B is an example of a(n) __________ __________ (two words).

Feedback: emergency contraceptive

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 17

17. A __________ abortion is achieved with injections and/or pills.

Feedback: medical

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 18

18. Each year, __________ abortions result in the hospitalization of approximately 5 million women and the death of approximately 70,000 women.

Feedback: unsafe

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 19

19. A person who is __________-__________ supports a woman's right to choose to terminate a pregnancy.

Feedback: pro choice

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 20

20. In mammals, the period of time in which a fetus/embryo develops in the uterus, beginning with fertilization and ending at birth is termed _________.

Feedback: gestation

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 21

21. A surgical sterilization procedure performed on a male whereby the vas deferens are severed is called a ________.

Feedback: vasectomy

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 22

22. ________ ________ is the sexual practice in which a partner moves their penis between the partner's thighs without any type of penetration.

Feedback: Intercrural intercourse

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 01

1. What are three positive and three negative aspects of China's one-child policy?

Feedback: Positive aspects: increased access to health care, increased access to education, decreased burden of childcare on women

Negative aspects: measures that eliminate female children including abortion and infanticide, long wait periods for some couples who want a child, and a future where there will be more males available to marry than females available to marry them

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 02

2. What are three advantages for disseminating knowledge about birth control around the world?

Feedback: The world may not be able to sustain itself if populations continue to grow at current rates. Reduced family size and population leads to better quality of life for living citizens including better education, better healthcare, and less poverty. In addition, in many countries only unsafe abortions are available and improving access to contraception may reduce health risks to women who choose abortion when they do become pregnant. Birth control may lead more of the world to become "developed."

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 03

3. Why do people take sexual risks? What are some measures that are being taken to reduce sexual risk taking in Canada?

Feedback: Personality, situational, and relationship factors may influence an individual's decision to engage in sexual risk-taking. Personality factors such as impulsivity, extraversion, psychoticism, and neuroticism are all correlated with risky sexual behaviour, and these correlations occur mainly due to overlapping genetic influences.

Situational factors include poverty, limited access to contraceptives, and substance use/abuse.

Relationship factors also play a role in birth control compliance. Factors that increase the likelihood of sexual risk-taking include abusive relationships, as well as power dynamics, particularly as they pertain to who controls the sexual situations and contraception use.

Sexual risk-taking may be reduced if contraceptive information is easy to understand and accessible in a timely manner. Individuals may also be motivated to reduce risky behaviour by their personal attitudes and/or social norms, and their perceived vulnerability to unwanted pregnancy or STIs. Sexual risk-taking may be reduced if a person feels more self-efficacious and confident when it comes to implementing a birth control strategy; to achieve this goal, individuals must have access to their chosen method of birth control, and they must be able to discuss contraception with their partner(s). One way of achieving these goals is through sexual education that is focused on providing information tailored to individual needs, developing positive attitudes and social norms of contraceptive use, and helping individuals build the behavioural skills they need to make good choices about contraception.

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 04

4. Define what is meant by "emergency contraception" and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of two forms of emergency contraception.

Feedback: Emergency contraception is an action taken after intercourse that can prevent pregnancy but that will have no effect on an established pregnancy. One method is the contraceptive pill, which can be highly effective and can be obtained from pharmacies without a prescription, but must be taken within 72 hours of intercourse to be highly effective. It can cause nausea. A second alternative is the insertion of an inter-uterine device (IUD) within seven days of intercourse. This can be highly effective but requires a visit to the doctor and a prescription.

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 05

5. Describe the history of the male contraception pill and explain some of the possible roadblocks to it being accepted as a valid contraceptive option.

Feedback: The male contraception pill has been in development since about 1979. It works by preventing sperm from being part of ejaculate. When the correct formulation is used on the correct population, it can be up to 95 per cent effective. Some reasons why the male oral contraceptive has not been adopted may include the perception by pharmaceutical companies that women do not trust men to take the pill, the idea that taking the pill will reduce a male's masculinity, and the argument by some feminists that handing contraceptive control over to men would be a backward step for the women's movement.

Type: essay/short answer question

Title: Chapter 07 Question 06

6. What is meant by an internal and external condom? Is one type "better" than the other?

Feedback: Internal condoms are placed internally into the body (e.g. vagina or anus) for protection during sexual acts. External condoms are placed on the outside of a body part (e.g. the penis) for protection during sexual acts.

Pros and cons: Both offer protection from STIs, but the internal condom may offer greater protection from STIs that are transmitted by skin-to-skin contact. However, the contraceptive failure rates for external condoms are slightly lower than for internal condoms. Both are readily available without prescription.