Test Bank Chapter 6 Single-Case Or Single-Subject Research - Complete Test Bank | Counseling & Research Evaluation 4e by Rick A. Houser. DOCX document preview.
Chapter 6: Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. A common method of data analysis for single-subject research is through ______.
A. formal calculations
B. visual inspection of data and review of charts
C. qualitative analyses
D. descriptive statistics
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Data Interpretation in single-case or single-subject research
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. Generally before beginning to conduct a single-subject study a researcher should clearly identify the ______.
A. type of design to be used
B. the type of data analysis that is needed
C. identification of the target behavior to change
D. those who should not be included in the study
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Research Designs in Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. ______ type of single-subject design involves beginning with a baseline, followed by an intervention, and followed by a return to baseline.
A. ABA
B. AB
C. ABAB
D. ABC
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Research Designs in Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
4. ______ are two purposes in establishing a baseline.
A. Inferring and projection
B. Projection and description
C. Inferring and prediction
D. Prediction and descriptive
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Research Designs in Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
5. A primary reason for focusing on a single variable before introducing another when conducting single-subject research is to ______.
A. ensure the quality of the intervention used
B. avoid confusion about the effect of the intervention
C. the subject may benefit from both interventions
D. avoid homeostasis and researcher bias
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Guidelines and Procedures in Single-Subject Design
Difficulty Level: Easy
6. An initial baseline may involve continuous ______ over a period of time.
A. interventions
B. assessment
C. learning
D. none of these
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Research Designs in Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
7. Which type of single-subject design includes the intention to identify a pattern of target behaviors?
A. AB
B. ABA
C. ABAB
D. AB and ABA
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Research Designs in Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
8. According to Kazdin (2011), baseline data can be used to ______.
A. predict future behavior
B. confirm historical data
C. determine the outcome of an intervention
D. none of these
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Research Designs in Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
9. Which single-subject research design uses a sequence of baselines and interventions?
A. ABA
B. AB
C. ABAB
D. both ABA and AB
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Research Designs in Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
10. According to Kazdin (2011), one needs to consider times between administrations of multiple baseline designs and multiple interventions is time between administrations. What criteria are important in considering time between administration?
A. length of the intervention
B. stability of the intervention
C. type of intervention
D. the number of interventions
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Research Designs in Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
11. Kazdin suggested ______ type of research design is best for applied research.
A. true experimental design
B. descriptive design
C. qualitative designs
D. single-subject designs
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Research Designs in Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
12. What are problems in using inferential statistics like t tests with single-subject research data?
A. violation of the assumption of normality
B. violation of the assumption of independent
C. violation of the assumption of homogeneity of variance
D. violation of the assumption of normality and violation of the assumption of independent
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Data Interpretation in Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
13. What inferential statistical test procedure is used most frequently in single-subject design?
A. interrupted time series analysis
B. autocorrelations
C. Spearman rho
D. chi-square
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Data Interpretation in Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
14. A problem with using only one baseline in single-subject research is ______.
A. changes may occur during the baseline
B. there may be questions about the accuracy of the data because of the potential uniqueness of the situation
C. the baseline is likely not recorded long
D. none of these
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Research Designs in Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
15. Which is NOT a good target behavior in single-subject research?
A. beliefs that there is a God during adolescence
B. seeing a ghost
C. changes in self esteem
D. all of these
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Figure 6.1: Example of Baseline Chart of Target Behavior (Aggressive Behavior)
Difficulty Level: Easy
True/False
1. Single-subject research is dynamic and one can develop and identify target behaviors during data collection.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. AB single-subject design is the most basic.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Research Designs in Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. Generally, it is best to start a single-subject multiple baseline design with continuous assessment.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Research Designs in Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
4. A multiple baseline design may use a single baseline across multiple settings.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Research Designs in Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
5. The dependent variable in a single-subject design involves comparing the baseline to intervention.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Evaluation Criteria for Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
6. The stability of the behavior being measured is not as important as the intervention.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Research Designs in Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
7. Not being able to compare between subjects has been a criticism of a single-subject design.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Evaluation Criteria for Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
8. Autocorrelations in single-subject research is a consequence of dissimilarity in scores.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Data Interpretation in Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
9. The use of an interrupted time series analysis involves an attempt to analyze slope and depth.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Data Interpretation in Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
10. One of the most common methods for analyzing single-subject data is through visual inspection of charts and graphs.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Data Interpretation in Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
Short Answer
1. Single-subject research is most appropriate for ______.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. Literature finds that single-subject research has been conducted with ______.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. A goal in single-subject research is written as ______.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Guidelines and Procedures in Single-Subject Design
Difficulty Level: Easy
4. Two purposes of establishing a baseline in single-subject research are ______.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Guidelines and Procedures in Single-Subject Design
Difficulty Level: Easy
5 Target behaviors may include ______.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Research Designs in Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Easy
6. The use of multiple baselines in single-subject research provides the researcher with information ______.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Guidelines and Procedures in Single-Subject Design
Difficulty Level: Easy
7. It has been suggested in the text that using a single baseline in single-subject research may be biased because ______.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Research Designs in Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Medium
8. Wendt and Miller (2012) suggest that one must question whether the baseline provides ______.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Evaluation Criteria for Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Medium
9. A key characteristic of autocorrelations is that ______.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Data Interpretation in Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Medium
10. Prior to beginning a single-subject study, one must ______.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Research Designs in Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Medium
Essay
1. Discuss the four proposed standards listed by the WWC for evaluating single-subject research.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Hard
2. Discuss the guidelines and procedures in single-subject research.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Guidelines and Procedures in Single-Subject Design
Difficulty Level: Medium
3. List and discuss the four types of single-case/research designs identified in the text.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Research Designs in Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Hard
4. Describe the study conducted by Maas, Butalla, and Farinella (2012).
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Research Designs in Single-Case or Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Hard
5. Discuss the quality of single-subject research put forth by Wendt and Miller (2012).
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Evaluation Criteria for Single-Subject Research
Difficulty Level: Hard
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Complete Test Bank | Counseling & Research Evaluation 4e
By Rick A. Houser