Test bank

Chapter 10: Property Crime: Occasional, Conventional, and Professional

Multiple Choice

1. Under English common law, the basic offense, theft, was referred to as ______.

a. larceny

b. petty theft

c. grand theft

d. embezzelment

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Introduction

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Larceny includes all of the following except ______.

a. embezellment

b. shoplifting

c. robbery

d. homicide

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Introduction

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. Which of the following is a characteristic of occasional criminals?

a. often lower-class

b. not easily deterred

c. crime is not their sole means of livelihood

d. likely to express identification with criminal behavior

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Occasional Property Crimes

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Which of the following is the most common type of shoplifter?

a. booster

b. shadow professional

c. snitch

d. fence

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Shoplifting

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Which of the following types of shoplifters supplement their legitimate income by stealing?

a. snitch

b. shadow professional

c. fence

d. booster

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Shoplifting

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. According to Cameron, most “snitches” ______.

a. supplement legitimate incomes by stealing

b. have extensive criminal histories

c. do not anticipate getting caught

d. are not easily deterred

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Shoplifting

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. Which of the following types of shoplifters concentrating on expensive items that can be quickly converted to cash by prearrangement with a “fence”?

a. snitch

b. shadow professional

c. fence

d. booster

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Shoplifting

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. Which of the following is the most common form of vandalism?

a. predatory vandalism

b. professional vandalism

c. vindictive vandalism

d. wanton vandalism

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Vandalism

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. A group of youths paint swastikas on the door of a synagogue. This would be classified as which of the following?

a. predatory vandalism

b. professional vandalism

c. vindictive vandalism

d. wanton vandalism

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Vandalism

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Which of the following involves the willful destruction of property without the consent of the owner or agent of the owner?

a. shoplifting

b. vandalism

c. larceny

d. forgery

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Vandalism

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. ______ vandalism consists of destructive acts that have no purpose and produce no monetary gain.

a. Wanton

b. Predatory

c. Vindictive

d. Hatred

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Vandalism

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. John is a student at a local high school. One night he makes the decitions to destroy the vending machine in the cafeteria to steal some candy bars and chips. What types of vandalism is he engaging in?

a. wanton vandalism

b. predatory vandalism

c. vindictive vandalism

d. hatred vandalism

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Vandalism

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. Most acts of wanton vandalism are committed by ______.

a. juveniles

b. vagrants

c. professional criminals

d. experience gang members

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Vandalism

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. According to the 2016 National Insurance Crime Bureau (NICB), which of the following automobiles is considered as the one vehicle that is most targeted for motor vehicle theft?

a. Honda Accord

b. Subaru Outback

c. Toyota Highlander

d. Kia Sorento

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Motor Vehicle Theft

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. Chop shops fall under which of the following motor vehcile theft typologies?

a. short-term transportation

b. joyriding

c. long-term transportaiton

d. profit motivated

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Motor Vehicle Theft

Difficulty Level: Medium

16. Susie and her friends have temporarily borrowed her neighbor’s car while they are sleeping. They decided to go out cruising. Unfortunately, the car runs out of gas and they abandon it in a supermarket parking lot. This is referred to as ______.

a. short-term transportation

b. joyriding

c. long-term transportaiton

d. profit motivated

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Motor Vehicle Theft

Difficulty Level: Medium

17. Which of the following involves the conversion or obtaining of money or property under false pretenses?

a. fraud

b. shoplifting

c. arson

d. burglary

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Check Forgery

Difficulty Level: Medium

18. The unlawful entry of a structure to commit a felony or theft is referred to as ______.

a. robbery

b. burglary

c. shoplifting

d. larceny

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.2: Compare and contrast occasional property crimes and conventional property crimes | 10.3: Define arson and discuss the costs associated with it.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Burglary

Difficulty Level: Easy

19. “Known burglars” are called such because they ______.

a. are weak enough in their trade to be known to police

b. have strong reputations among other criminals

c. have strong familiarity with the criminal networks in their area

d. are “in the know” regarding the latest techniques in burglary

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.2: Compare and contrast occasional property crimes and conventional property crimes | 10.3: Define arson and discuss the costs associated with it.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Types of Burglars

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. An individual, who usually does not engage in crime, burglarizes a car because the opportunity presents itself. This describes which of the following types of burglars?

a. junkies

b. known burglar

c. professional burglar

d. young burlar

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.2: Compare and contrast occasional property crimes and conventional property crimes | 10.3: Define arson and discuss the costs associated with it.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Types of Burglars

Difficulty Level: Medium

21. Offenders that are highly skilled, undertake extensive planning, and concentrate on big jobs because burglary is often their sole livelihood are referred to as ______.

a. junkies

b. known burglar

c. professional burglar

d. young burlar

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.2: Compare and contrast occasional property crimes and conventional property crimes | 10.3: Define arson and discuss the costs associated with it.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Types of Burglars

Difficulty Level: Easy

22. Dealers in stolen property are referred to as ______.

a. burglars

b. fences

c. thieves

d. robbers

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.2: Compare and contrast occasional property crimes and conventional property crimes | 10.3: Define arson and discuss the costs associated with it.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Fencing Operations

Difficulty Level: Easy

23. Which crime makes up the largest category of the UCR crime index?

a. arson

b. larceny/theft

c. robbery

d. vandalism

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.2: Compare and contrast occasional property crimes and conventional property crimes | 10.3: Define arson and discuss the costs associated with it.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Larceny-Theft

Difficulty Level: Easy

24. A former employee sets fire to his former bosses home. This is an example of ______ arson.

a. crime concealment

b. profit-motivated

c. revenge arson

d. sabotage

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.3: Define arson and discuss the costs associated with it.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Arson: A Special-Category Offense

Difficulty Level: Easy

25. An individual sets fire to a house to dispose of physical evidence. This is an example of ______ arson.

a. crime concealment

b. excitement

c. profit-motivated

d. revenge arson

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.3: Define arson and discuss the costs associated with it.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Arson: A Special-Category Offense

Difficulty Level: Easy

26. The cheapest crime to commit in the world is ______.

a. petty theft

b. fraud

c. robbery

d. arson

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.3: Define arson and discuss the costs associated with it.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Arson: A Special-Category Offense

Difficulty Level: Easy

27. ______ arson is often carried out by pyromaniacs individuals who have a morbid fascination with setting and observing fires.

a. Sabotage

b. Excitement

c. Crime concealment

d. Revenge

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.3: Define arson and discuss the costs associated with it.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Arson: A Special-Category Offense

Difficulty Level: Easy

28. According to the text, pyromania is in the realm of the ______ offenders.

a. coventional property

b. psychotic or psychopathic

c. occasional property

d. organized

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.3: Define arson and discuss the costs associated with it.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Arson: A Special-Category Offense

Difficulty Level: Easy

29. Which of the following is a characteristic of conventional criminals?

a. strongly identify with middle-class values

b. unlikely to express identification with criminal behavior

c. lack specialized knowledge of criminal techniques

d. delinquency persists into mid-20s

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.4: Identify some of the careers associated with occasional and conventional property criminals.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Criminal Careers of Occasional and Conventional Property Criminals

Difficulty Level: Easy

30. All of the following describe a conventional offender except that they ______.

a. are less easily deterred

b. are often lower-class

c. have short or no criminal record

d. have strong societal reactions against their crimes

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.4: Identify some of the careers associated with occasional and conventional property criminals.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Criminal Careers of Occasional and Conventional Property Criminals

Difficulty Level: Medium

31. The criminal careers of most conventional criminals peak in their ______.

a. early teens

b. late teens

c. early adult years

d. mid-life years

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.4: Identify some of the careers associated with occasional and conventional property criminals.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Criminal Careers of Occasional and Conventional Property Criminals

Difficulty Level: Easy

32. Stealing from jewelery stores by substitution fake look-alikes is known as ______.

a. boosting

b. hotel prowling

c. pennyweighting

d. hanging paper

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.5: Discuss the concept of professional crime. What are some of its elements?

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Argot

Difficulty Level: Easy

33. The argot associted with an individual who passes bad checks or money orders is referred to as ______.

a. hanging paper

b. boosters

c. heels

d. the shake

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.5: Discuss the concept of professional crime. What are some of its elements?

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Argot

Difficulty Level: Easy

34. According to the model of profressional crime, which of the following is associated with amateur crime?

a. full-time source of income

b. lifelong career

c. low status

d. successful avoidance of detenction

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.5: Discuss the concept of professional crime. What are some of its elements?

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: A Model of Professional Crime

Difficulty Level: Medium

35. Individuals who obtain their sole livelihood through criminal behavior are known as ______ criminals.

a. white-collar

b. professional

c. independent

d. conventional

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.5: Discuss the concept of professional crime. What are some of its elements?

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: A Model of Professional Crime

Difficulty Level: Easy

36. All of the following describe a professional criminal except that ______.

a. crime is their sole livelihood

b. they do not view their activities as criminal

c. seek high status in the criminal world

d. have overall success at avoiding detection

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.5: Discuss the concept of professional crime. What are some of its elements?

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: A Model of Professional Crime

Difficulty Level: Easy

37. Which of the following theories view property crime as learned behavior in which the offender becomes socialized to engage in criminal activity?

a. anomie theory

b. developmental/life course theory

c. differential association theory

d. routine activities theory

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.6: Identify some of the careers associated with professional crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Criminal Careers of Professional Crime

Difficulty Level: Medium

38. Plate (1975) identified all of the following characteristics of profressional criminals except that ______.

a. they seek anonymity

b. they are usually drug addicts

c. their crimes are random and not planned

d. they have unstable families

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.6: Identify some of the careers associated with professional crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Criminal Careers of Professional Crime

Difficulty Level: Medium

39. Which kind of crime does a “booster” engage in?

a. arson

b. burglary

c. pickpocketing

d. shoplifting

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.6: Identify some of the careers associated with professional crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Boosters

Difficulty Level: Easy

40. Boosters represent the ______ class among profressional criminals.

a. lowest

b. middle

c. professional

d. mob family

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.6: Identify some of the careers associated with professional crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Boosters

Difficulty Level: Easy

41. Professional pickpockets are referred to as ______.

a. boosters

b. cannons

c. heels

d. fencers

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.6: Identify some of the careers associated with professional crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Boosters

Difficulty Level: Easy

42. ______ readily convert the burglar’s booty into more portable cash.

a. Tipsters

b. Fixers

c. Fences

d. Boosters

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.6: Identify some of the careers associated with professional crime

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Professional Burglars

Difficulty Level: Easy

43. Attorneys and bondsmen who use bribery to ward off prosecution are known as ______.

a. tipsters

b. fences

c. fixers

d. cannons

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.6: Identify some of the careers associated with professional crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Professional Burglars

Difficulty Level: Easy

44. John is professional burglar who has extensive experience and specialization in breaking into safes. He is known as a ______.

a. booster

b. fence

c. fixer

d. box man

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.6: Identify some of the careers associated with professional crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Box Man

Difficulty Level: Easy

45. Which of the following types of fences tend to be a major dealer in stolen goods?

a. master

b. neighborhood

c. outlet

d. professional

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.6: Identify some of the careers associated with professional crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Professional Fence

Difficulty Level: Easy

46. Which type of fence sells stolen goods alongside legitimate merchandise?

a. master

b. neighborhood

c. outlet

d. professional

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.6: Identify some of the careers associated with professional crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Professional Fence

Difficulty Level: Medium

47. Which type of fences is considered a major distributor of stolen goods?

a. neighborhood fence

b. master fence

c. professional fence

d. outlet fence

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.6: Identify some of the careers associated with professional crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Professional Fence

Difficulty Level: Medium

48. “Paperhangers” engage in what form of crime?

a. They serve as distractions during professional shoplifting jobs.

b. They assist fences in the retailing of stolen merchandise.

c. They pass bad checks or other documents.

d. For a fee, they light fires for professional arsonists.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.6: Identify some of the careers associated with professional crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Paperhangers

Difficulty Level: Easy

49. ______ theory is a particularly useful model for explaining shoplifting.

a. Strain

b. Social disorganization

c. Differential association

d. Routine activities

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.7: Assess how criminological theories apply to property crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Theory and Crime

Difficulty Level: Easy

50. Which of the following theories argues that the emphasis on material success to an extreme without the provision of legitimate opportunities for their achievement contains the roots of deviance and crime?

a. anomie theory

b. social disorganization theory

c. social bonds theory

d. routine activities theory

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.7: Assess how criminological theories apply to property crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Theory and Crime

Difficulty Level: Medium

True / False

1. Violent crimes greatly outnumber property crimes in the contemporary United States.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Introduction

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Occasional property criminals steal or damage property on an infrequent basis.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Introduction

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. Most occasional property criminals lack a past official history of criminality.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Occasional Property Crimes

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Shrinkage refers to losses owing to shoplifting, employee theft, vendor fraud, and administrative error.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Shoplifting

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Most snitches steal large and expensive items for their own personal use.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Shoplifting

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. Motor vehicle theft includes things such as motorcycle and boat thefts but not bicycle thefts.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Motor Vehicle Theft

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. Fraud is defined as the “making, altering, uttering or possessing, with intent to defraud, anything false which is made to appear true.”

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Check Forgery

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. Systematic check forgers are those who pass bad checks in order to resolve a temporary financial crisis.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Check Forgery

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. U.S. property crime rates have continued to increase since 1974.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.2: Compare and contrast occasional property crimes and conventional property crimes | 10.3: Define arson and discuss the costs associated with it.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Conventional Property Crimes

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Conventional property criminals are more likely to be arrested and imprisoned.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.2: Compare and contrast occasional property crimes and conventional property crimes | 10.3: Define arson and discuss the costs associated with it.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Conventional Property Crimes

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. Young burglars are under 16 years of age and prey on local neighborhood targets chosen by chance or occasion.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.2: Compare and contrast occasional property crimes and conventional property crimes | 10.3: Define arson and discuss the costs associated with it.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Types of Burglars

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. Fencing operations describe police programs where law enforcement pose as dealers of stolen goods.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.2: Compare and contrast occasional property crimes and conventional property crimes | 10.3: Define arson and discuss the costs associated with it.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Fencing Operations

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. Identity theft describes activities such as dumpster diving, using handheld card readers, stealing login credentials, or phishing.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.2: Compare and contrast occasional property crimes and conventional property crimes | 10.3: Define arson and discuss the costs associated with it.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Identity Theft

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. Sabotage arsonists describe those individuals who have a morbid fascination with setting and observing fires.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.3: Define arson and discuss the costs associated with it.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Arson: A Special-Category Offense

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. Profit-motivated arson is illustrated by insurance fraud, in which structures are purposely torched to collect on their insured value.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.3: Define arson and discuss the costs associated with it.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Arson: A Special-Category Offense

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. Occasional property offenders do not require criminal associations to commit their crimes.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.4: Identify some of the careers associated with occasional and conventional property criminals.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Criminal Careers of Occasional and Conventional Property Criminals

Difficulty Level: Easy

17. Most professional criminals target activity that cannot be easily tracked.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.4: Identify some of the careers associated with occasional and conventional property criminals.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Societal Reaction

Difficulty Level: Easy

18. The societal reaction to occasional property offenders is relatively strong.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.4: Identify some of the careers associated with occasional and conventional property criminals.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Societal Reaction

Difficulty Level: Easy

19. Those who commit more sophisticated crimes and face lesser chances of arrest or conviction are referred to as intensives.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.5: Discuss the concept of professional crime. What are some of its elements?

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Concept of Professional Crime

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. The distinctive or specialized language of a group is known as argot.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.5: Discuss the concept of professional crime. What are some of its elements?

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Concept of Professional Crime

Difficulty Level: Easy

21. The more criminals exhibit each characteristic of professional crime such as skill, high status, and the like, the more professional they are regarded.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.5: Discuss the concept of professional crime. What are some of its elements?

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: A Model of Professional Crime

Difficulty Level: Easy

22. Amateurs tend to freelance or be less tied to relatively permanent criminal organizations than their organized-crime counterparts.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.5: Discuss the concept of professional crime. What are some of its elements?

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: A Model of Professional Crime

Difficulty Level: Easy

23. The main distinction between occupational/corporate crime and professional crime is that in occupational/corporate crime, the crime is incidental to a legitimate business, whereas in professional crime, the business is to perform criminal activity.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.5: Discuss the concept of professional crime. What are some of its elements?

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Edelhertz’s Typology

Difficulty Level: Medium

24. “Professional crime” is a legal construct that is considered in sentencing.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.5: Discuss the concept of professional crime. What are some of its elements?

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: A Model of Professional Crime

Difficulty Level: Easy

25. Professional criminals are usually drug addicts.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.6: Identify some of the careers associated with professional crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Criminal Careers of Professional Crime

Difficulty Level: Easy

26. Professionals plan and carefully choose their victims to maximize the score and minimize risks.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.6: Identify some of the careers associated with professional crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Criminal Careers of Professional Crime

Difficulty Level: Easy

27. Professional pickpockets are also known as “boosters.”

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.6: Identify some of the careers associated with professional crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Cannons

Difficulty Level: Easy

28. Master fencers regularly sells hot merchandise along with legitimate stock.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.6: Identify some of the careers associated with professional crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Professional Fence

Difficulty Level: Easy

29. Forgers often operate independently and are less a part of the world of professional criminals than some other offenders.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.6: Identify some of the careers associated with professional crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Paperhangers

Difficulty Level: Easy

30. Burglars are distinctive from most professional criminals for their willingness to use force.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.6: Identify some of the careers associated with professional crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Professional Robbers

Difficulty Level: Easy

31. Professional robbers are unique in their willingness to use force.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.6: Identify some of the careers associated with professional crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Professional Robbers

Difficulty Level: Easy

32. The vast majority of arsons are committed by professional arsonists.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.6: Identify some of the careers associated with professional crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Professional Arsonists

Difficulty Level: Easy

33. Most arson is committed by amateurs, individuals who do not make a career out of burning down structures.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.6: Identify some of the careers associated with professional crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Professional Arsonists

Difficulty Level: Easy

34. The act of forestalling legal actions through bribery and corruption is known as “the fix.”

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.6: Identify some of the careers associated with professional crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Professional Arsonists

Difficulty Level: Easy

Short Answer

1. Identify and describe two types of shoplifters based on Cameron’s typology.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Shoplifting

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Define vandalism.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Vandalism

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. Identify and describe three types of vandalism.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Vandalism

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Identify and describe the four types of motor vehcile theft.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Motor Vehicle Theft

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Identify and describe two types of burglars, based on the typology provided by Walsh.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.2: Compare and contrast occasional property crimes and conventional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Burglary

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. What role does the fence play in the criminal enterprise?

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.2: Compare and contrast occasional property crimes and conventional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Fencing Operations

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. Give three examples of identity theft.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.2:

Compare and contrast occasional property crimes and conventional property crimes | 10.3: Define arson and discuss the costs associated with it.10.3: | 10.3: Answer Location: Identity Theft

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. Identify and describe two types of arsonists based on the typology compiled by McCaghy.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.3: Define arson and discuss the costs associated with it.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Arson: A Special-Category Offense

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Identify two characteristics of occasional offenders.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.4: Identify some of the careers associated with occasional and conventional property criminals.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Criminal Careers of Occasional and Conventional Property Criminals

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Identify the five features of professional crime.

1) Crime is the criminal’s sole livelihood and is engaged in for economic gain.

2) The criminal career is highly developed.

3) Considerable skill is involved.

4) High status in the criminal world is bestowed on professional criminals.

5) Professional criminals are more successful than others at avoiding detection and imprisonment.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.5: Discuss the concept of professional crime. What are some of its elements?

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Concept of Professional Crime

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. Explain how differential association theory helps one to understand property crime.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.6: Identify some of the careers associated with professional crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Criminal Careers of Professional Crime

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. What are the four different types of professional fences and how do they differ?

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.6: Identify some of the careers associated with professional crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Professional Fence

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. What are the two characteristics discussed concerning professional robbers?

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.6: Identify some of the careers associated with professional crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Professional Robbers

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. Explain how routine activities theory can help explain property crimes and professional criminals.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.7: Assess how criminological theories apply to property crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Theory and Crime

Difficulty Level: Easy

Essay

1. Compare and contrast the criminal careers of occasional and conventional offenders. Should the criminal justice response to these types of offenders vary? Support your answer.

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.1: Provide examples of occasional property crimes.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Introduction

Difficulty Level: Hard

2. Describe the crime of arson. How is it similar to other forms of property crime, and how is it distinct?

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.3: Define arson and discuss the costs associated with it.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Arson: A Special-Category Offense

Difficulty Level: Hard

3. Outline some of the characteristics and crimes of professional criminals. How do these individuals differ from occasional and conventional criminals?

KEY: Learning Objective: 10.5: Discuss the concept of professional crime. What are some of its elements?

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Concept of Professional Crime

Difficulty Level: Hard