Test Bank

Chapter 9: Violent Crime

Multiple Choice

1. According to Davis and Gurr (1969), violence in the United States is rooted in all of the following historical events except ______.

a. a revolutionary doctrine

b. a prolonged frontier experience

c. a competitive hierarchy of immigrants

d. an acceptance of governmental power

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.1: Assess how the history of violence in America demonstrates a violent cultural tradition

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: History of Violence in the United States

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Multiple murders have, according to some scholars, increased since the ______.

a. ’30s

b. ’40s

c. ’50s

d. ’60s

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the major types of multiple murder: serial murder, mass murder, and spree murder.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Murder

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. Multiple murder is also referred to as ______.

a. homicide

b. multicide

c. neonaticide

d. filicide

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the major types of multiple murder: serial murder, mass murder, and spree murder.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Murder

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Which of the following crimes is usually sexual in nature?

a. elder abuse

b. robbery

c. serial murder

d. domestic violence

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the major types of multiple murder: serial murder, mass murder, and spree murder.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Serial Murder

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. The “terrible triad” is considered predictive of which type of crime?

a. domestic violence

b. rape

c. robbery

d. serial murder

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the major types of multiple murder: serial murder, mass murder, and spree murder.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Serial Murder

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. The killing of several victims in three or more separate incidents over weeks, months, or even years is referred to as ______.

a. mass murder

b. serial murder

c. sadistic murder

d. spree murder

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the major types of multiple murder: serial murder, mass murder, and spree murder.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Serial Murder

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. Which of the following types of serial killers is believed to be suffering from some sort psychosis, where they kill in response to voices or visions?

a. visionaries

b. mission-oriented

c. hedonists

d. power/control

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the major types of multiple murder: serial murder, mass murder, and spree murder.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Serial Murder

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. Which of the following types of serial killers is known for wanting to rid society of “undesirables,” such as prostitutes?

a. visionaries

b. mission-oriented

c. hedonists

d. power/control

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the major types of multiple murder: serial murder, mass murder, and spree murder.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Serial Murder

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Which of the following types of serial killers are considered thrill-seekers who murder for creature comforts, profit, or pleasure in life?

a. hedonists

b. mission-oriented

c. visionaries

d. power/control

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the major types of multiple murder: serial murder, mass murder, and spree murder.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Serial Murder

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. Which of the following types of serial killers enjoy watching their victims suffer and beg for mercy?

a. hedonists

b. mission-oriented

c. visionaries

d. power/control

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the major types of multiple murder: serial murder, mass murder, and spree murder.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Serial Murder

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. ______ killers usually plan their offenses, transport their victims, and keep trophies.

a. Terrible triad

b. Organized serial

c. Disorganized serial

d. Incompetent serial

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the major types of multiple murder: serial murder, mass murder, and spree murder.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Serial Murder

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. An upset student opens fire in a school cafeteria, killing 18 of his classmates. This student is best identified as a ______ murderer.

a. serial

b. sadistic

c. mass

d. spree

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the major types of multiple murder: serial murder, mass murder, and spree murder.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Mass Murder

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. ______ murder is the killing of four or more victims at one location on a single occasion.

a. Serial

b. Spree

c. Mass

d. Sadistic

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the major types of multiple murder: serial murder, mass murder, and spree murder.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Mass Murder

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. A disgruntled employee opened fire at his job, killing two of his coworkers; he then proceeded directly home to kill his wife and child. This individual is best identified as a ______ murderer.

a. mass

b. spree

c. serial

d. sadistic

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the major types of multiple murder: serial murder, mass murder, and spree murder.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Spree Murder

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. Which of the following occurs when killings take place at two or more locations with almost no time break between murders?

a. Serial murder

b. Spree murder

c. Sadistic murder

d. Mass murder

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the major types of multiple murder: serial murder, mass murder, and spree murder.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Spree Murder

Difficulty Level: Medium

16. Most murders ______.

a. are premeditated

b. result from aggravated assault

c. involve contract killers

d. take place during robbery attempts

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.3: Discuss patterns and trends evident in violent crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Homicide and Assault Statistics

Difficulty Level: Easy

17. Which of the following crimes rates has the highest clearance by arrest?

a. domestic violence

b. homicides

c. rape

d. robbery

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.3: Discuss patterns and trends evident in violent crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Homicide and Assault Statistics

Difficulty Level: Easy

18. ______ is generally regarded as the most serious crime.

a. Sexual assault

b. Aggravated assault

c. Homicide

d. Manslaughter

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.3: Discuss patterns and trends evident in violent crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Homicide and Assault Statistics

Difficulty Level: Easy

19. Threatening to do bodily harm to a person or placing him or her in fear of such harm is referred to as ______.

a. homicide

b. manslaughter

c. murder

d. assault

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.3: Discuss patterns and trends evident in violent crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Homicide and Assault Statistics

Difficulty Level: Easy

21. Offenders who commit “crimes of passion” would be identified as which of the following?

a. situationally violent offenders

b. pathologically violent offenders

c. criminally violent offenders

d. culturally violent offenders

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.3: Discuss patterns and trends evident in violent crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Typology of Violent Offenders

Difficulty Level: Medium

22. Offenders who engage in violence because it is an acceptable means of resolving conflict among their acquaintances would be identified as which of the following?

a. situationally violent offenders

b. pathologically violent offenders

c. criminally violent offenders

d. culturally violent offenders

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.3: Discuss patterns and trends evident in violent crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Typology of Violent Offenders

Difficulty Level: Medium

23. ______ violent offenders use violence as a means of accomplishing a criminal act, such as robbery.

a. Situationally

b. Pathologically

c. Criminally

d. Culturally

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.3: Discuss patterns and trends evident in violent crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Typology of Violent Offenders

Difficulty Level: Medium

24. Which of the following do most violent incidents in the workplace involve?

a. fistfights

b. rape

c. shootings

d. stabbings

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.3: Discuss patterns and trends evident in violent crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Workplace Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

25. Which of the following types of workers are particularly vulnerable to assault but not homicide?

a. healthcare

b. retail

c. manufacturing

d. agricultural

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.3: Discuss patterns and trends evident in violent crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Workplace Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

26. Which of the following is true of school violence in the United States?

a. The rate of school violence decreased in the 1990s.

b. The United States has one of the lowest rates of school violence in the world.

c. Most murders of school-age children occur in or around school.

d. The media has failed to adequately cover stories of school shootings.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.3: Discuss patterns and trends evident in violent crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: School Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

27. Which of the following interest groups was identified as being the single most powerful lobby in Washington?

a. AARP

b. NRA

c. NAACP

d. AFL-CIO

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.3: Discuss patterns and trends evident in violent crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Guns

Difficulty Level: Easy

28. ______ is considered aggravated rape, which involves violence, weapons, and attackers, and is recognized as rape by the courts.

a. Simple rape

b. Real rape

c. Simple sexual assault

d. Real sexual assault

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.4: Identify various types of sexual assault.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sexual Assault

Difficulty Level: Easy

29. All of the following were identified as reasons why women are reluctant to report rape except ______.

a. the stigma attached to rape

b. sexist treatment of rape victims

c. the burden of proof

d. more female police officers

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.4: Identify various types of sexual assault.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Sexual Assault

Difficulty Level: Medium

30. In 2016, which of the following regions had the highest rape rates in the United States?

a. South

b. West

c. Midwest

d. East

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.4: Identify various types of sexual assault.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sexual Assault

Difficulty Level: Easy

31. A young man (John) meets a young woman (Jane) at a bar one evening. The two really hit it off with each other and enjoyed an evening of dancing and conversation, followed by breakfast at an all-night dining establishment. John walks Jane up to the door of her apartment when taking her home and she invites him in so they can watch movies. John believes this invitation means that Jane is interested in having sex despite her pleas for him to stop. This describes which of Glaser’s categories of rapists?

a. group conformers

b. meaning stretchers

c. naïve graspers

d. sex looters

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.4: Identify various types of sexual assault.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Rape as a Violent Act

Difficulty Level: Medium

32. Which of the following types of rapists account for 5% of rapists?

a. Anger rapist

b. Power rapist

c. Sadomasochist rapist

d. Sadistic rapist

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.4: Identify various types of sexual assault.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Rape as a Violent Act

Difficulty Level: Easy

33. A rapist who callously uses women as sex objects would be identified as which of the following?

a. group conformers

b. meaning stretchers

c. naïve graspers

d. sex looters

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.4: Identify various types of sexual assault.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Rape as a Violent Act

Difficulty Level: Easy

34. Date rapists would best be categorized as which of the following?

a. group conformers

b. meaning stretchers

c. naïve graspers

d. sex looters

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.4: Identify various types of sexual assault.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Rape as a Violent Act

Difficulty Level: Easy

35. ______ are usually sexually inexperienced youths with an unrealistic conception of female erotic arousal.

a. group conformers

b. meaning stretchers

c. naïve graspers

d. sex looters

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.4: Identify various types of sexual assault.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Rape as a Violent Act

Difficulty Level: Easy

36. According to Groth and Birnbaun’s (1979) study, majority of the rapes are considered ______ rapes.

a. anger

b. power

c. sadistic

d. sadomasochist

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.4: Identify various types of sexual assault.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Rape as a Violent Act

Difficulty Level: Easy

37. What is the name of the law that requires states to inform local communities when high-risk sex offenders are released?

a. Cheryl’s Law

b. Jessica’s Law

c. Megan’s Law

d. Pamela’s Law

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.4: Identify various types of sexual assault.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sexual Predators

Difficulty Level: Easy

38. Following or surveilling (or both) another person deliberately and without justification is referred to as ______.

a. peeping

b. stalking

c. harassment

d. assault

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.4: Identify various types of sexual assault.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sexual Predators

Difficulty Level: Easy

39. All of the following were identified as myths of child molesters except that ______.

a. molesters are usually strangers

b. molesters will always be caught

c. children recover from the abuse quickly

d. a small percentage of convicted felon child molesters go to prison

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.4: Identify various types of sexual assault.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Sexual Predators

Difficulty Level: Medium

40. Which of the following types of molesters take advantage of a child living in the same household?

a. incestuous

b. senile

c. career

d. spontaneous-aggressive

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.4: Identify various types of sexual assault.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Sexual Predators

Difficulty Level: Medium

41. ______ molesters are usually involved in illegal careers.

a. Incestuous

b. Senile

c. Career

d. Asocial

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.4: Identify various types of sexual assault.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Sexual Predators

Difficulty Level: Easy

42. All of the following were identified as factors associated with incest except ______.

a. alcoholism

b. low intelligence

c. biological parents

d. personality disorganization

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.4: Identify various types of sexual assault.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Incest

Difficulty Level: Medium

43. Which of the following is considered a characteristic of sex offenders?

a. most are emotionally mature

b. the majority of offenders are older and married

c. most offenders are rather minor offenders

d. majority of offenders use force on their victims

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.4: Identify various types of sexual assault.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Characteristics of Sex Offenders

Difficulty Level: Medium

44. ______ involves theft through violence or the threat of violence.

a. Burglary

b. Grand theft

c. Motor vehicle theft

d. Robbery

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.5: Define robbery and Conklin’s typology of robbers.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Robbery

Difficulty Level: Easy

45. According to Conklin’s typology of robbers, which of the following is the most common?

a. professional robbers

b. opportunist robbers

c. alcoholic robbers

d. addict robbers

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.5: Define robbery and Conklin’s typology of robbers.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Conklin’s Typology of Robbers

Difficulty Level: Easy

46. ______ robbers have a long-term commitment to crime, their major source of livelihood.

a. Professional

b. Opportunist

c. Alcoholic

d. Addict

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.5: Define robbery and Conklin’s typology of robbers.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Conklin’s Typology of Robbers

Difficulty Level: Easy

47. ______ robbers have little commitment to robbery; they engage in unplanned robberies on occasion to support their habit.

a. Professional

b. Opportunist

c. Alcoholic

d. Addict

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.5: Define robbery and Conklin’s typology of robbers.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Conklin’s Typology of Robbers

Difficulty Level: Easy

48. The most feared type of robber is a ______.

a. professional

b. semiprofessional

c. alcoholic

d. addict

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.5: Define robbery and Conklin’s typology of robbers.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Conklin’s Typology of Robbers

Difficulty Level: Easy

49. All of the following were identified as possible characteristics of wife abusers except for ______.

a. independence

b. economic problems

c. present military service

d. alcohol abuse

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.6: Discuss the issues of intimate partner violence, child abuse, and elder abuse.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Intimate Partner Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

50. Wolfgang and Ferracuti are credited with which of the following theoretical concepts?

a. anger rape typologies

b. sexual predator

c. subculture of violence

d. superpredators

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.7: Examine the issue of the culture and subculture of violence that contributes to criminal careers of violent offenders.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Subculture of Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

51. Which region of the United States has traditionally had the highest rate of firearm ownership?

a. East

b. Midwest

c. South

d. West

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.7: Examine the issue of the culture and subculture of violence that contributes to criminal careers of violent offenders.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Subculture of Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

52. Machismo, the code of conduct requiring that males defend their sense of honor, is particularly virulent in ______ cultures.

a. Asian

b. European

c. Latin American

d. African

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.7: Examine the issue of the culture and subculture of violence that contributes to criminal careers of violent offenders.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Subculture of Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

True / False

1. Most scientists agree that humans do not have a natural predisposition toward violence and aggression.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.1: Assess how the history of violence in America demonstrates a violent cultural tradition.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: History of Violence in the United States

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. According to Davis and Gurr (1969), a prolonged frontier experience legitimized violence and vigilante justice.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.1: Assess how the history of violence in America demonstrates a violent cultural tradition.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: History of Violence in the United States

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. Organized serial killers are usually socially and sexually incompetent.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the major types of multiple murder: serial murder, mass murder, and spree murder.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Serial Murder

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Visionaries are thrill-seekers who murder for creature comforts, profit, or pleasure in life.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the major types of multiple murder: serial murder, mass murder, and spree murder.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Serial Murder

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. A mass murder is defined as the killing of several victims in three or more separate incidents over weeks, months, or even years.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the major types of multiple murder: serial murder, mass murder, and spree murder.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Mass Murder

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. There is evidence that blacks are more likely to be serial murderers than other groups.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the major types of multiple murder: serial murder, mass murder, and spree murder.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: African Americans and Serial Murder

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. Countries with greater inequalities in income distribution have lower murder rates.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.3: Discuss patterns and trends evident in violent crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Patterns and Trends in Violent Crime

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. Alcohol is a contributing factor in the majority of homicides, assaults, and rapes.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.3: Discuss patterns and trends evident in violent crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Patterns and Trends in Violent Crime

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. Mental illness or brain damage characterizes pathologically violent offenders.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.3: Discuss patterns and trends evident in violent crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Typology of Violent Offenders

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Workplace violence is the number two factor in on-the-job deaths and number one among women.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.3: Discuss patterns and trends evident in violent crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Workplace Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. The United States leads the world in school violence.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.3: Discuss patterns and trends evident in violent crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: School Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. One strategy of the Minneapolis Domestic Violence Experiment included patrolling gun crime “hot spots” to reduce rates of domestic violence by seizing illegally carried weapons.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.3: Discuss patterns and trends evident in violent crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Guns

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. Statutory rape is the carnal knowledge of a female, forcibly and against her will.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.4: Identify various types of sexual assault.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sexual Assault

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. Many rapes take place within established dating relationships, and most are never reported.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.4: Identify various types of sexual assault.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Acquaintance Rape

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. Naive graspers are usually sexually inexperienced youths with an unrealistic conception of female erotic arousal.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.4: Identify various types of sexual assault.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Rape as a Violent Act

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. Group conformers have little desire for affection and/or little respect for the victim’s autonomy and callously use women as sex objects.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.4: Identify various types of sexual assault.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Rape as a Violent Act

Difficulty Level: Easy

17. Most child molesters are strangers to their victims.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.4: Identify various types of sexual assault.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Sexual Predators

Difficulty Level: Easy

18. Senile molesters are usually involved in illegal careers.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.4: Identify various types of sexual assault.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Sexual Predators

Difficulty Level: Easy

19. Robbery is more concentrated in larger cities than any other crime.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.5: Define robbery and Conklin’s typology of robbers.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Robbery

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. The explanation for robbery is economic, rather than racial.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.5: Define robbery and Conklin’s typology of robbers.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Robbery

Difficulty Level: Easy

21. Of the typology of robbers proposed by Conklin, the opportunist robber, is the most common.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.5: Define robbery and Conklin’s typology of robbers.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Conklin’s Typology of Robbers

Difficulty Level: Easy

22. Intimate personal violence usually involves physical assaults by men against women, although the reverse is not unheard of.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.6: Discuss the issues of intimate partner violence, child abuse, and elder abuse.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Domestic Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

23. Child abuse victims inevitably go on to become abusers themselves.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.6: Discuss the issues of intimate partner violence, child abuse, and elder abuse.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Child Abuse

Difficulty Level: Easy

24. Domestic battering by a spouse or lover is referred to as intimate partner violence.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.6: Discuss the issues of intimate partner violence, child abuse, and elder abuse.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Intimate Partner Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

25. Elder abuse may involve physical, sexual, or emotional abuse; neglect or desertion; or taking and misusing an elderly person’s money or property.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.6: Discuss the issues of intimate partner violence, child abuse, and elder abuse.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Elder Abuse

Difficulty Level: Easy

26. A culture of violence refers to the ways of life in societies that approve of violence as a means of resolving disputes.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.7: Examine the issue of the culture and subculture of violence that contributes to criminal careers of violent offenders.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Culture of Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

27. The Midwest is known for having the highest rates of gun ownership.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.7: Examine the issue of the culture and subculture of violence that contributes to criminal careers of violent offenders.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Subculture of Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

28. Intensives have continuing criminal involvement from an early age and commit on the average 51 crimes per year.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.7: Examine the issue of the culture and subculture of violence that contributes to criminal careers of violent offenders.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Career Criminals and Violent Offenders

Difficulty Level: Easy

29. Most violent crime is intimate.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.7: Examine the issue of the culture and subculture of violence that contributes to criminal careers of violent offenders.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Societal Reaction

Difficulty Level: Easy

30. Much of the high violent crime rate in the United States consists of child abuse.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.8: Assess how criminological theories apply to violent crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Theory and Crime

Difficulty Level: Easy

31. Many of the biological and psychological theories of crime have the greatest explanatory power when applied to individual cases and particularly to multiple murderers.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.8: Assess how criminological theories apply to violent crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Theory and Crime

Difficulty Level: Easy

32. A majority of violent offenders are not career criminals but reflect situational or subcultural reactions to interpersonal disputes.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.8: Assess how criminological theories apply to violent crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Theory and Crime

Difficulty Level: Easy

Short Answer

1. Identify two historical events recognized by Davis and Gurr as contributing to violence in the United States.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.1: Assess how the history of violence in America demonstrates a violent cultural tradition.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: History of Violence in the United States

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Identify and describe three types multicide (multiple murders).

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the major types of multiple murder: serial murder, mass murder, and spree murder.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Murder

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. What is the terrible triad?

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the major types of multiple murder: serial murder, mass murder, and spree murder.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Serial Murder

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Identify and describe two typologies of serial killers.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the major types of multiple murder: serial murder, mass murder, and spree murder.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Serial Murder

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Identify the differences between organized versus disorganized serial killers.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.2: Describe the major types of multiple murder: serial murder, mass murder, and spree murder.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Serial Murder

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. Describe the four categories of workplace violence.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.3: Discuss patterns and trends evident in violent crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Workplace Violence

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Identify one to two protective measures that discourage victimization.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.3: Discuss patterns and trends evident in violent crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Workplace Violence

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. Identify possible elements that could help with the issue of school violence.

• Better control over the access to guns, opposed by one of the most powerful lobbies in the United States—the National Rifle Association (NRA)
• Identifying and helping troubled youths before they attack
• More involvement of parents
• More and earlier intervention and prevention programs
• Anti-bullying programs

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.3: Discuss patterns and trends evident in violent crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: School Violence

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Identify four of the indicators that the Secret Service mentioned in a 2002 report about school shooters.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.3: Discuss patterns and trends evident in violent crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: School Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Identify and define the four categories of rapists.

• Naive graspers are usually sexually inexperienced youths with an unrealistic conception of female erotic arousal. Awkward in relating to the opposite sex, they hold high expectations that their crude advances will be met with affection by their victims.
• Meaning stretchers are the most typical rapists, the date rapists. They stretch the meaning of, or misinterpret, a woman’s or date’s expressions of friendliness and affection as indicating that the female desires coitus even when she says no.
• Sex looters have little desire for affection and/or little respect for the victim’s autonomy and callously use women as sex objects. This type figures in the stranger-precipitated rape that is most likely to be reported to the police.
• Group conformers participate in group rapes or gang bangs, often following the leader, a sex looter, out of a need for conformity and a perverted notion of demonstrating masculinity.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.4: Identify various types of sexual assault.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Rape as a Violent Act

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. Identify and describe the three types of rape recognized by Groth and Birnbaum.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.4: Identify various types of sexual assault.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Rape as a Violent Act

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. List two reasons victims would be reluctant to report rape to the police.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.4: Identify various types of sexual assault.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sexual Assault

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. List and describe the four robber typologies identified by Conklin.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.5: Define robbery and Conklin’s typology of robbers.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Conklin’s Typology of Robbers

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. Identify two characteristics of wife abusers.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.6: Discuss the issues of intimate partner violence, child abuse, and elder abuse.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Intimate Partner Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. Define the subculture of violence.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.7: Examine the issue of the culture and subculture of violence that contributes to criminal careers of violent offenders.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Subculture of Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

Essay

1. Identify and describe the four typologies of violent offenders. How would efforts to reduce violence vary for each of these typologies?

Criminally violent offenders use violence as a means of accomplishing a criminal act, such as robbery. Mental illness or brain damage characterizes pathologically violent offenders. (Discussions later in this chapter focusing on psychiatry and the law and on psychopathy will further elaborate on the mentally disturbed violent criminal.)

Finally, situationally violent offenders commit acts of violence on rare occasions, often under provocation, such as in domestic disputes that get out of hand. These incidents are frequently described as “crimes of passion,” in which the individual temporarily loses control and often expresses regret for the actions later. While the media focuses on the criminally and pathologically violent offender, the culturally and situationally violent offenders are the most common.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.3: Discuss patterns and trends evident in violent crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Typology of Violent Offenders

Difficulty Level: Hard

2. Discuss the relationship of gun availability and crime. Do you think that increased gun control would effectively reduce the murder rate in the United States? Support your answer.

KEY: Learning Objective: 9.3: Discuss patterns and trends evident in violent crime.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Guns

Difficulty Level: Hard