Integration Of Nervous System Functions Full Test Bank Ch.14 - Seeley’s Anatomy and Physiology 12e Complete Test Bank by Cinnamon VanPutte. DOCX document preview.
Seeley's Anatomy and Physiology, 12e (VanPutte)
Chapter 14 Integration of Nervous System Functions
1) True or False? All aspects of a memory are stored together in the brain.
2) True or False? The conscious awareness of stimuli received by sensory receptors is called perception.
3) True or False? The sense of taste is an example of a general sense.
4) True or False? Visceroreceptors are receptors associated with joints, tendons, and other connective tissue.
5) True or False? The simplest and most common type of sensory nerve endings are free nerve endings.
6) True or False? The sensory speech area is Broca area.
7) True or False? The ability to detect simultaneous stimulation at two points on the skin is called two-point discrimination.
8) Which of the following is a general sense?
A) Smell
B) Taste
C) Touch
D) Hearing
E) Vision
9) If you feel someone touch you on the shoulder, the person has stimulated a/an ________ sense.
A) special
B) somatic
C) visceral
D) undifferentiated
E) None of the choices are correct.
10) When people smoke cigarettes, they damage some of their taste buds. Which type of sense has been damaged by the smoking?
A) Special
B) Somatic
C) Visceral
D) Autonomic
E) Nonspecialized
11) Which of the following is a visceral sensation?
A) Pain
B) Touch
C) Temperature
D) Proprioception
E) Balance
12) The perception of position and movement of body parts is ________.
A) sensation
B) kinesthesia
C) proprioception
D) All of the choices are correct.
13) Vision is dependent upon ________.
A) chemoreceptors
B) photoreceptors
C) thermoreceptors
D) mechanoreceptors
E) nociceptors
14) Mechanoreceptors respond to
A) compression of receptors.
B) irritation of nerve endings.
C) light striking the receptors.
D) binding of molecules to membrane receptors.
E) a change in temperature.
15) A state of conscious awareness of stimuli received by sensory receptors is called ________.
A) adaptation
B) projection
C) translation
D) perception
E) inclination
16) Which of the following term and description is mismatched?
A) Visceroreceptors – associated with organs
B) Adaptation – decreased sensitivity to continued stimulus
C) Projection – sensation is perceived at the site of the stimulus
D) Proprioceptors – information about body position
E) Cutaneous receptors – associated with the viscera
17) The pain a person experiences with acute appendicitis results from stimulating nerve endings called ________.
A) painreceptors
B) internoreceptors
C) visceroreceptors
D) proprioceptors
E) appendoreceptors
18) Free nerve endings respond to
A) temperature change and pain.
B) pressure and vibration.
C) light touch and two-point discrimination.
D) temperature change and pressure.
E) chemicals.
19) Changes in the blood concentration of glucose, oxygen, and hydrogen are detected by ________.
A) baroreceptors
B) chemoreceptors
C) nociceptors
D) proprioceptors
E) thermoreceptors
20) Which of these combinations of general senses depends on mechanoreceptors?
A) Touch and temperature
B) Pressure and temperature
C) Pressure and proprioception
D) Proprioception and temperature
E) Taste and smell
21) When a person is exposed to temperature extremes, why is it difficult to distinguish hot from cold objects?
A) Temperature perception requires more than one type of receptor.
B) Temperatures above 37 degrees centigrade actually stimulate the cold receptors.
C) At extremes, pain receptors are stimulated by both very hot and very cold objects.
D) Most temperature receptors cannot differentiate hot from cold.
E) Pain receptors are inhibited by both very hot and very cold objects.
22) Which of the following receptor type is mismatched with its sensation?
A) Merkel disks – light touch
B) Pacinian corpuscles – vibration
C) Meissner corpuscles – two–point discrimination
D) Ruffini end organs – temperature
E) Hair follicle receptors – slight bending of the hair
23) Specialized muscle fibers associated with detection of muscle length are ________.
A) muscle spindles
B) Pacinian corpuscles
C) Ruffini end organs
D) Golgi tendon organs
E) Merkel disks
24) Receptors that detect stretch of a tendon and are important for control of muscle contraction are ________.
A) muscle spindles
B) Pacinian corpuscles
C) Ruffini end organs
D) Golgi tendon organs
E) Meissner corpuscles
25) Pacinian corpuscles respond to
A) an increase in tendon tension.
B) deep cutaneous pressure and vibration.
C) stretch and tension.
D) temperature and pain.
E) light touch.
26) The ability to localize the position of body parts is called ________.
A) two-point discrimination
B) proprioception
C) fine touch
D) light touch
E) perception
27) The ________ are distributed throughout the dermal papillae and are involved in ________ touch.
A) Merkel disks; very deep
B) Pacinian corpuscles; very light
C) Muscle spindles; fine proprioceptive
D) Golgi tendon organs; limited awareness
E) Meissner corpuscles; two-point discrimination
28) All of the following nerve endings are found in the skin EXCEPT ________.
A) Pacinian corpuscles
B) proprioceptors
C) Ruffini end organs
D) Merkel disks
E) Meissner corpuscles
29) Decreased sensitivity to a continued stimulus is called ________.
A) adaptation
B) projection
C) translation
D) conduction
E) phantom pain
30) Superficial pain is highly localized, but visceral pain is diffuse because
A) the viscera has fewer pain receptors.
B) the skin has more sensitive pain receptors.
C) the viscera has fewer mechanoreceptors which give location information.
D) visceral pain has less emotional involvement.
31) Slowly adapting proprioceptors that would let you know the position of your thumb without looking at it are known as ________ receptors.
A) phasic
B) primary
C) secondary
D) tonic
32) Rapidly adapting proprioceptors that provide information on the location of a moving hand are known as ________ receptors.
A) phasic
B) primary
C) secondary
D) tonic
33) Receptors that in general produce an action potential in response to a receptor potential are ________ receptors.
A) phasic
B) primary
C) secondary
D) tonic
34) Receptors that in general do not produce an action potential, but can release neurotransmitters in response to a receptor potential are ________ receptors.
A) phasic
B) primary
C) secondary
D) tonic
35) Which of the following is an ascending pathway in the spinal cord?
A) Lateral spinothalamic tract
B) Rubrospinal tract
C) Lateral corticospinal tract
D) Tectospinal tract
E) Anterior corticospinal tract
36) Terrance is told by his physician that he has lesions on one side of his spinal cord, which cut the lateral spinothalamic tract. Therefore, Terrance will have an inability to perceive
A) sensations of touch from both sides of his body below the level of injury.
B) his sense of proprioception on the same side of his body below the level of the injury.
C) cutaneous sensations on the opposite side of his body below the level of injury.
D) sensations of vibration on the opposite side of his body at the level of the injury.
E) sensations of tickle on the same side of his body below the level of injury.
37) In an ascending pathway, axons of the secondary neuron travel from the
A) receptor to the spinal cord.
B) receptor to the brain.
C) spinal cord through the brainstem to the thalamus.
D) thalamus to the cerebral cortex.
E) spinal cord to cerebellum.
38) The portion of the dorsal column/medial lemniscal tract that carries proprioceptive sensations from nerve endings in the feet and legs is the ________.
A) nucleus gracilis
B) nucleus cuneatus
C) fasciculus gracilis
D) fasciculus cuneatus
E) fasciculus nucleus
39) The fasciculus gracilis and fasciculus cuneatus would help us
A) perceive pain.
B) tell if an object is rough or smooth.
C) sense temperature.
D) move our arms and legs.
E) write a sentence.
40) Which of the following tract is mismatched with its description?
A) Spinotectal tract – visual reflexes
B) Fasciculus cuneatus – vibration from upper body half
C) Spinoreticular tract – light touch
D) Spinocerebellar tract – proprioception
E) Spinocerebellar tract – comparator function
41) The gate control theory of pain says that pain impulses traveling through the lateral spinothalamic tract can be suppressed by increased activity of the
A) anterior spinothalamic tract.
B) tertiary neurons.
C) extrapyramidal tracts.
D) dorsal column/medial lemniscal system.
E) spinocerebellar tracts.
42) Amputees frequently perceive pain in the amputated structure. This type of pain is called ________ pain.
A) chronic
B) phantom
C) referred
D) gate
E) ghost
43) When the CNS responds to tissue damage by decreasing the pain threshold and increasing its sensitivity to pain, this is called ________.
A) referred pain
B) central sensitization
C) peripheral sensitization
D) cumulative sensitization
E) phantom pain
44) The primary somatic sensory or general sensory area is located in the
A) postcentral gyrus.
B) precentral gyrus.
C) prefrontal gyrus.
D) central sulcus.
E) superior temporal gyrus.
45) The size of various regions of the primary somatic sensory cortex is proportional to the ________ sensory receptors in that area of the body.
A) size of
B) location of
C) number of
D) size of muscles in
E) position of the
46) During brain surgery, the superior portion of the primary somatic sensory cortex of a patient is stimulated. The patient is most likely to
A) flex his fingers.
B) talk to the surgeon.
C) smile.
D) feel something touching his back.
E) wiggle his toes.
47) The primary somatosensory cortex is located in the ________ lobe.
A) frontal
B) temporal
C) occipital
D) parietal
48) Which of the following functions is most likely to be performed by the visual association area?
A) Recognize the face of a close friend
B) See the shape of the visual image
C) Sense pain impulses
D) Move the eyes
E) See color
49) The conscious perception of cutaneous sensations occurs in the cerebral cortex, but these sensations are perceived as if they were on the surface of the body. This is called ________.
A) association
B) perception
C) projection
D) integration
E) localization
50) The taste area is located in the ________.
A) insula
B) parietal lobe
C) frontal lobe
D) temporal lobe
51) The auditory cortex is located in the ________.
A) insula
B) temporal lobe
C) parietal lobe
D) frontal lobe
52) The primary motor area
A) contains sensory neurons for the face in its inferior portion.
B) contains a smaller area for control of the hands than for control of the legs.
C) contains neurons that control smooth muscle.
D) contains more motor neurons for the thighs than the mouth.
E) contains a larger area for control of the hand and fingers than for control of the arm and elbow.
53) Upper motor neurons
A) are found in the visual cortex.
B) control skeletal muscles.
C) are responsible for planning voluntary movements.
D) are located in the prefrontal area.
E) control smooth muscle.
54) If you decide to "snap your fingers," the first neurons to be stimulated are the ________ neurons.
A) association
B) premotor
C) postmotor
D) sensory
55) Impulses that initiate motivation and forethought originate in the ________.
A) postcentral gyrus
B) precentral gyrus
C) prefrontal area
D) association area
E) central sulcus
56) If a person decided to jump over a chair, which of the following areas organizes the motor functions needed to carry out this action?
A) Visual cortex
B) Premotor area
C) Prefrontal area
D) Auditory association area
E) Visual association area
57) Which of the following statements concerning the descending pathways of the spinal cord is true?
A) Most descending pathways control sensory functions.
B) Many of the descending pathways decussate in the midbrain.
C) Descending pathways consist of upper and lower motor neurons.
D) Descending pathways must synapse in the thalamus.
E) These pathways start in the spinal cord and end in the brain.
58) Which of the following is a descending pathway in the spinal cord?
A) Fasciculus gracilis
B) Corticospinal tract
C) Spinothalamic tract
D) Spinoreticular tract
E) Trigeminothalamic tract
59) Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
A) Corticospinal tract – movements, especially the hands
B) Corticobulbar tract – movements in the head and face
C) Rubrospinal tract – two–point discrimination
D) Vestibulospinal tract – maintains upright posture
E) Reticulospinal – posture adjustments and walking
60) A patient has suffered a cerebral hemorrhage that has damaged the primary motor area of his right cerebral cortex. As a result the
A) patient cannot voluntarily move his right arm or leg.
B) patient feels no sensations on the left side of his body.
C) patient cannot voluntarily move his left eye.
D) patient's heart stops beating.
E) patient cannot voluntarily move his left arm or leg.
61) Indicate the order of each of the following in a descending pathway.
(1) Cerebral cortex
(2) Pyramids
(3) Cerebral peduncles
(4) Internal capsule
A) 1, 2, 3, 4
B) 1, 3, 4, 2
C) 1, 3, 2, 4
D) 2, 4, 3, 1
E) 1, 4, 3, 2
62) Two tracts found within the extrapyramidal system are the ________.
A) rubrospinal and corticospinal
B) spinothalamic and tectospinal
C) vestibulospinal and rubrospinal
D) corticobulbar and vestibulospinal
E) corticospinal and corticobulbar
63) The extrapyramidal system
A) controls the speed of skilled movements.
B) maintains control of unconscious movements.
C) interprets cutaneous perception.
D) projects sensory information from the medulla to the cerebrum.
E) control facial expression, mastication, and tongue movements.
64) Which of the following result when the spinal cord is hemitransected (cut) on the left side?
(1) Loss of pain and thermal sensations below the injury on the left side
(2) Loss of pain and thermal sensations below the injury on the right side
(3) Loss of fine touch and pressure sensations below the injury on the left side
(4) Loss of fine touch and pressure sensations below the injury on right side
(5) Loss of fine motor control on the right side below the injury
(6) Loss of fine motor control on the left side below the injury
A) 1, 3, 5
B) 2, 4, 6
C) 2, 3, 6
D) 1, 3, 4, 6
E) 1, 4, 5, 6
65) A lesion in the red nucleus results in ________ tremors.
A) resting
B) intention
C) sleeping
D) reflex
66) Lesion of the basal nuclei could cause
A) loss of memory.
B) uncontrolled rage.
C) fluent but circular speech.
D) a slight shaking of the hands or head.
E) loss of sensation.
67) The cerebellum functions as a comparator. This means that the cerebellum compares
A) the incoming sensory stimuli with the outgoing sensory stimuli.
B) intended movements with actual movements.
C) spinal cord activity with the activity of the cerebrum.
D) the right cerebellar hemisphere with the left cerebellar hemisphere.
E) and coordinates rapid, complex movements like figure skating.
68) A nurse is caring for a patient who exhibits the following symptoms:
(1) Inability to maintain balance while walking
(2) Normal intelligence
(3) Can initiate voluntary movements, although they are somewhat uncoordinated
(4) Decreased tone in the skeletal muscles
The patient is probably suffering from a condition that affected the ________.
A) midbrain
B) cerebellum
C) basal ganglia
D) cerebral cortex
E) brainstem
69) Which of the following would you observe in a patient with a tumor of the cerebellum?
A) Loss of general sensation
B) Balance impairment
C) No heartbeat
D) Increased sex drive
E) No conscious thought
70) A primary function of the cerebellum is to ________.
A) interpret sound
B) coordinate movement
C) control body temperature
D) regulate consciousness
E) regulate sleep patterns
71) Damage to the cerebellum is likely to cause
A) decreased muscle tone.
B) balance impairment.
C) the tendency to overshoot when reaching for an object.
D) an intention tremor.
E) All of the choices are correct.
72) Which of the following is NOT a function of the cerebellum?
A) Learning to play the harp
B) Keeping time with music
C) Sleep-wake cycle
D) Coordination of skeletal muscles
73) Which neurotransmitter has been implicated in Parkinson's disease?
A) Norepinephrine
B) Dopamine
C) Serotonin
D) GABA
E) Acetylcholine
74) The brainstem
A) includes nuclei of cranial nerves II – XII.
B) contains centers for several vital reflexes like heart rate and blood pressure.
C) contains the reticular formation.
D) contains nuclei for vomiting and sneezing reflexes.
E) All of the choices are correct.
75) Wernicke area is necessary for
A) motivation.
B) understanding and formulating coherent speech.
C) initiating the muscular movements of speech.
D) processing visual images.
E) smiling.
76) Damage to Wernicke area would result in
A) facial paralysis.
B) facial tics.
C) aphasia.
D) "seeing stars".
E) apraxia.
77) If the Broca area is damaged, the result is
A) loss of memory.
B) impairment in the movement of the right leg.
C) blindness.
D) hesitant and distorted speech.
E) inability to think of things to say.
78) Various areas of the cortex form functional pathways to conduct action potentials necessary to perform specific functions. Arrange the areas below in proper sequence to accomplish reading a poem aloud.
(1) Visual association area
(2) Premotor area
(3) Broca area
(4) Primary motor area
(5) Wernicke area
(6) Visual cortex
A) 1, 6, 5, 3, 4, 2
B) 6, 1, 5, 3, 2, 4
C) 6, 1, 3, 5, 4, 2
D) 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 3
E) 5, 4, 3, 6, 1, 2
79) Which of the cortical areas listed below is most likely to be stimulated first when repeating a word you just heard spoken?
A) Auditory association area
B) Broca area
C) Primary motor area
D) Primary auditory cortex
E) Wernicke area
80) The right cerebral hemisphere
A) receives sensory input from the left side of the body.
B) is the dominant hemisphere for speech in most people.
C) tends to be smaller than the left cerebral hemisphere.
D) contains no association areas.
E) is not connected to the left cerebral hemisphere.
81) Which of these activities is associated with the right cerebral hemisphere in most people?
A) Adding numbers
B) Reciting the Gettysburg address
C) Painting a watercolor landscape
D) Using a calculator
E) Making a household budget
82) Which of these activities is associated with the left cerebral hemisphere in most people?
A) Motor control of left side of the body
B) Mathematics and speech
C) Spatial perception
D) Recognition of faces
E) Musical ability
83) Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
A) Left cerebral hemisphere – analytical hemisphere
B) Left cerebral hemisphere – speech area for most of the population
C) Right cerebral hemisphere – recognition of faces
D) Left cerebral hemisphere – spatial perception
E) Left cerebral hemisphere – mathematics
84) A person suffering a stroke in the right parietal lobe may lose the ability to recognize faces. This is called ________.
A) aphasia
B) apraxia
C) athetosis
D) amorphosynthesis
E) incoherency
85) The type of brain waves observed in an individual who is awake but in a quiet resting state with eyes closed are ________ waves.
A) alpha
B) beta
C) delta
D) theta
E) gamma
86) Brain waves associated with information processing or problem solving are ________ waves.
A) alpha
B) beta
C) delta
D) theta
E) kappa
87) In short-term memory,
A) information is retained for less than a second.
B) the frontal lobe plays the most important role.
C) current information is lost when new information is presented.
D) there is increased synaptic activity by long-term potentiation.
E) there is consolidation of information.
88) In working memory,
A) information is retained for less than a second.
B) the frontal lobe plays the most important role.
C) current information is lost when new information is presented.
D) there is increased synaptic activity by long-term potentiation.
E) there is consolidation of information.
89) Long-term memory may involve
A) an influx of potassium ions into the neuron.
B) activating substance P.
C) a change in the shape of the neuron's cytoskeleton.
D) forming a nerve plexus.
E) rearranging neurons in the brain.
90) CREB activates gene transcription in neurons that results in the formation of ________.
A) myelin sheath
B) dendritic spines
C) more receptors
D) All of the choices are correct.
91) A series of neurons involved in long-term retention of a thought is called a/an ________.
A) EEG
B) brain wave
C) memory engram
D) short-term memory
E) memory trace
92) A patient with a lesion in the hippocampus may have decreased ________.
A) sensory memory
B) Pavlovian reflexes
C) procedural memory
D) declarative memory
E) short term memory
93) Procedural memory is stored primarily in the
A) hippocampus and amygdala.
B) central sulcus and Wernicke's area.
C) cerebellum and premotor area of cerebral cortex.
D) temporal lobe and frontal lobe.
E) pons and midbrain.
94) A baseball pitcher was hit on the side of the head by a line drive. When he was revived, he could not remember how many balls and strikes the batter had. This was because
A) short-term memory had not been converted to working memory.
B) he lost both working and short-term memory.
C) long-term memory had not been converted to working memory.
D) he lost long-term memory.
E) None of the choices are correct.
95) Which of the following is an example of procedural or implicit memory?
A) Remembering your name
B) Performing a choreographed dance
C) Locating Russia on a globe
D) Being afraid of snakes
E) Reciting a poem
96) Lesions of the limbic system might result in
A) a voracious appetite.
B) enhanced fear and anger responses.
C) decreased sexual activity.
D) loss of coordination.
E) loss of sensation.
97) A major source of sensory input into the limbic system is the sense of ________.
A) vision
B) taste
C) touch
D) smell
98) As the nervous system ages
A) reflexes become faster.
B) cutaneous sensation becomes more acute.
C) blood pressure decreases.
D) reflexes become slower.
E) size and weight of the brain increases.
99) Label area "A" on the cerebral cortex.
A) Visual cortex
B) Primary motor cortex
C) Primary somatosensory cortex
D) Motor speech area (Broca area)
E) Sensory speech area (Wernicke area)
100) Label area "B" on the cerebral cortex.
A) Visual cortex
B) Primary motor cortex
C) Primary somatosensory cortex
D) Motor speech area (Broca area)
E) Sensory speech area (Wernicke area)
101) Label area "C" on the cerebral cortex.
A) Visual cortex
B) Primary motor cortex
C) Primary somatosensory cortex
D) Motor speech area (Broca area)
E) Sensory speech area (Wernicke area)
102) Label area "D" on the cerebral cortex.
A) Visual cortex
B) Primary motor cortex
C) Primary somatosensory cortex
D) Motor speech area (Broca area)
E) Sensory speech area (Wernicke area)
103) Label area "E" on the cerebral cortex.
A) Visual cortex
B) Primary motor cortex
C) Primary somatosensory cortex
D) Motor speech area (Broca'sarea)
E) Sensory speech area (Wernicke area)
104) The diagram illustrates sensory receptors in the skin. What structure does "A" represent?
A) Meissner corpuscles
B) Free nerve endings
C) Ruffini end organ
D) Pacinian corpuscle
E) Merkel disks
105) The diagram illustrates sensory receptors in the skin. What structure does "B" represent?
A) Meissner corpuscles
B) Free nerve endings
C) Ruffini end organ
D) Pacinian corpuscle
E) Merkel disks
106) The diagram illustrates sensory receptors in the skin. What structure does "C" represent?
A) Meissner corpuscles
B) Free nerve endings
C) Ruffini end organ
D) Pacinian corpuscle
E) Merkel disks
107) The diagram illustrates sensory receptors in the skin. What structure does "D" represent?
A) Meissner corpuscles
B) Free nerve endings
C) Ruffini end organ
D) Pacinian corpuscle
E) Merkel disks
108) The diagram illustrates sensory receptors in the skin. What structure does "E" represent?
A) Meissner corpuscles
B) Free nerve endings
C) Ruffini end organ
D) Pacinian corpuscle
E) Merkel disks
109) What is the function of the sensory receptor of the skin labeled "A"?
A) Detects deep pressure, vibration, and proprioception
B) Responds to painful stimuli and temperature
C) Responds to light touch and superficial pressure
D) Detects touch, involved in 2-point discrimination
E) Detects continuous touch or pressure
110) What is the function of the sensory receptor of the skin labeled "B"?
A) Detects deep pressure, vibration, and proprioception
B) Responds to painful stimuli
C) Responds to light touch and superficial pressure
D) Detects touch, involved in 2-point discrimination
E) Detects continuous touch or pressure
111) What is the function of the sensory receptor of the skin labeled "C"?
A) Detects deep pressure, vibration, and proprioception
B) Responds to painful stimuli
C) Responds to light touch and superficial pressure
D) Detects touch, involved in 2-point discrimination
E) Detects continuous touch or pressure
112) What is the function of the sensory receptor of the skin labeled "D"?
A) Detects deep pressure, vibration, and proprioception
B) Responds to painful stimuli
C) Responds to light touch and superficial pressure
D) Detects touch, involved in 2-point discrimination
E) Detects continuous touch or pressure
113) What is the function of the sensory receptor of the skin labeled "E"?
A) Detects deep pressure, vibration, and proprioception
B) Responds to painful stimuli
C) Responds to light touch and superficial pressure
D) Detects touch, involved in 2-point discrimination
E) Detects continuous touch or pressure
Match the type of brain wave with its appropriate description.
A. Usually occur in children or in adults experiencing frustration
B. Observed in a person who is awake, quiet, and resting, with eyes closed
C. Occur in deep sleep, infancy, and patients with brain disorders
D. Occur during intense mental activity
114) Alpha waves
115) Beta waves
116) Theta waves
117) Delta waves
Match the term with its definition.
A. The part of the brain involved in actual declarative memory
B. The largest of the cerebral commissures
C. A factor than activates gene transcription for formation of dendritic spines
D. A series of neurons involved in long-term memory
E. A part of the temporal lobe involved in adding emotional overtones to a memory
118) CREB
119) Memory engram
120) Hippocampus
121) Amygdala
122) Corpus callosum
Match the sensation with the appropriate receptor type.
A. Mechanoreceptors
B. Thermoreceptors
C. Nociceptors
D. Chemoreceptors
E. Photoreceptors
123) Merkel disks
124) Hair follicle receptors
125) Pacinian corpuscles
126) Meissner corpuscles
127) Ruffini end organs
128) Which of the following is an example of adaptation of sensory receptors?
A) Ignoring the presence of clothes
B) Being aware of our body parts at all times
C) Continual monitoring touch signals
129) Sensory ________ is the ability the brain has to prioritize the sensory input it receives and to ignore unimportant stimuli.
A) adaptation
B) perception
C) sensation
130) A decreased sensitivity to a continued stimulus defines the term ________.
A) adaptation
B) perception
C) sensation
D) conditioning
131) Select the structure considered a primary receptor.
A) Pacinian corpuscle
B) Balance receptor
C) Hearing receptor
D) Taste receptor
132) The senses of taste and hearing both utilize receptor cells that are categorized as ________.
A) primary receptors
B) secondary receptors
C) mechanoreceptors
D) chemoreceptors
133) Identify all of the examples of primary receptors. (Check all that apply.)
A) Free nerve endings
B) Hair cells in the ear
C) Meissner corpuscle
D) Pacinian corpuscle
E) Taste cell
134) Select which steps are part of the voluntary movement process. (Check all that apply.)
A) Initiation begins in the brainstem.
B) Initiation begins in the primary motor area of the cerebral cortex.
C) Lower motor neurons receive messages from upper motor neurons.
D) Smooth muscle in the skin is stimulated to contract.
E) The cerebellum and basal nuclei coordinate the information for these movements.
F) Upper motor neurons receive information from lower motor neurons.
135) Select the statements that describe lower motor neurons. (Check all that apply.)
A) Have axons extending into peripheral nerves
B) Send signals to skeletal muscles
C) Send signals to visceral smooth muscle
136) Which tracts represent direct motor pathways? (Check all that apply.)
A) Corticobulbar
B) Corticospinal
C) Reticulospinal
D) Rubrospinal
E) Tectospinal
137) The ________ tract and the ________ tract make up the pyramidal system.
A) corticobulbar; spinocerebellar
B) corticospinal; corticobulbar
C) reticulospinal; spinothalamic
D) rubrospinal; reticulospinal
138) Visual input is sent to the brainstem via the ________ nerve, whereas the ________ nerve sends facial sensation to the brainstem.
A) facial; trochlear
B) optic; facial
C) optic; trigeminal
D) trigeminal; accessory
139) The brainstem receives sensory input from which cranial nerves? (Check all that apply.)
A) Hypoglossal
B) Oculomotor
C) Optic
D) Vagus
E) Vestibulocochlear
140) Which of the following carry information to the reticular activating system? (Check all that apply.)
A) Ascending motor axons from the skin
B) Axons carrying tactile information
C) Cerebral projections
D) Cranial nerve II
E) Cranial nerve V
F) Cranial nerve X
141) Identify the situations that would stimulate the reticular activating system. (Check all that apply.)
A) A darkened room
B) Wearing a set of silencing headphones
C) Smelling breakfast odors
D) Exposure to smelling salts
E) A ringing fire alarm
142) True or False? The EEG of a normal person exhibits mostly irregular patterns.
143) The region of the limbic system that is involved in the feeling of satisfaction with sex and feeding behaviors is the ________.
A) amygdala
B) cingulate gyrus
C) hippocampus
D) thalamus
144) What sense is a source of major input into the limbic system?
A) Equilibrium
B) Hearing
C) Olfaction
D) Soft touch
E) Taste
F) Vision
145) A patient has presented with an abnormal reflex response. In response to a flash of light, the patient will move his eyes towards the light but not turn his head. Which of the following may explain the condition?
A) The patient has damage to the accessory nerve (XI), affecting his ability to reflexively turn his head.
B) The patient has damage to the oculomotor nerve (III), affecting his ability to coordinate eye movement and head movement.
C) The patient has damage to his trochlear nerve (IV), accentuating his ability to move his eyes and rendering the need to move the head unnecessary.
D) The patient has damage to the occipital lobe of the cerebrum, causing him to be blind to the flash of light.
146) Which of the following would indicate a possible lesion of the trigeminal nerve (V)?
A) Lack of chewing reflex when an item is placed in the oral cavity
B) Lack of ability to move the head in response to a loud noise
C) Delayed visual tracking of a moving object
D) Both "lack of ability to move the head in response to a loud noise" and "delayed visual tracking of a moving object" are correct.
147) Lack of a gag reflex would indicate dysfunction of the ________ nerve.
A) glossopharyngeal
B) trochlear
C) trigeminal
D) accessory
148) Trina, a 72-year-old retired nurse, presents with the following: difficulty swallowing, easily fatigued, impaired gag reflex. Which of the symptoms is most likely the result of aging?
A) Easily fatigued
B) Difficulty swallowing
C) Impaired gag reflex
D) None of the choices are correct.
149) Tyler has noticed lately that he doesn't feel pain in his left arm. Which of the following might explain his issue?
A) Damage to the spinothalamic pathway
B) Lack of decussation in the fasciculus gracilis tract of the dorsal column medial lemniscal pathway
C) Damage to the anterior spinocerebellar pathway
D) Damage to the tectospinal pathway
150) Abby is trying to focus on her A&P exam, but she feels something crawling along the back of her arm. Alarmed, she jumps up and brushes away a small spider. Which of the following does Abby have to thank for alerting her to this issue?
A) Spinothalamic tract
B) Fasciculus gracilis tract
C) Spinocerebellar pathway
D) Tectospinal tract
151) Gladys had a stroke that has left her unable to detect certain sensations of her face. Based on this information, which region of the brain is most likely affected?
A) Parietal lobe, in middle region of the postcentral gyrus
B) Parietal lobe, in the most inferior region of the postcentral gyrus
C) Frontal lobe, in middle region of the precentral gyrus
D) Frontal lobe, in most inferior region of the precentral gyrus
152) Alan has experienced several stokes over the past few months. He is unable to move his right arm and leg. In addition, he is having difficulty speaking. Which of the following areas is most likely affected?
A) Left frontal lobe of the cerebrum
B) Right frontal lobe of the cerebrum
C) Left parietal lobe of the cerebrum
D) Right parietal lobe of the cerebrum
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Seeley’s Anatomy and Physiology 12e Complete Test Bank
By Cinnamon VanPutte