Full Test Bank Chapter.30 The Urinary System - Medical Assisting Admin 7e | Test Bank Booth by Kathryn Booth, Leesa Whicker, Terri Wyma. DOCX document preview.
Student name:__________
1) The __________, shown at number 1 on the figure, is where the renal artery, renal vein, and ureters enter the kidney.
2) The structure shown at number 2 on the figure is the __________.
3) The organ of the urinary system shown at number 3 on the figure is the __________.
4) The __________ is shown at number 4 on the figure.
5) Number 5 on the figure refers to the __________.
6) The __________ is shown at number 6 on the figure.
7) Number 7 on the figure refers to the __________.
8) The __________ is shown at number 8 on the figure.
9) Number 9 on the figure shows the __________.
10) The structure at number 1 on the figure of the kidney is the __________.
11) Number 2 on the figure of the kidney shows the __________.
12) Number 3 on the figure of the kidney is the __________.
13) The structures shown at number 4 on the figure of the kidney are the __________.
14) Number 5 on the figure of the kidney refers to the __________.
15) The __________ is shown at number 6 on the figure of the kidney.
16) The __________ is shown at number 7 on the figure of the kidney.
17) Number 8 on the figure of the kidney represents the __________.
18) The __________ arterioles bring blood to the tightly packed capillaries of the glomeruli.
19) The capsule that surrounds the glomerulus is called the __________ capsule.
20) The renal pelvis divides into small tubes known as __________.
21) The wall of the bladder contains smooth muscle, called the __________ muscle, that contracts to push urine from the bladder into the urethra.
22) The loop of Henle curves back toward the renal corpuscle and starts to twist again, becoming the __________ tubule that joins with tubules from several nephrons to form collecting ducts.
23) The arterioles that deliver blood to the peritubular capillaries are the __________ arterioles.
24) Chronic __________, or inflammation of the glomerulus of the kidney, is one of the causes of chronic renal disease.
25) The mass of capillaries in the Bowman's capsule that forms the renal corpuscle is called the __________.
26) The renal artery, renal vein, and ureter enter the kidney in the area known as the __________.
27) The proximal convoluted tubule is directly attached to the Bowman’s capsule and eventually straightens out to become the __________.
28) Commonly called kidney stones, renal __________ can become lodged in the ducts within the kidneys or ureters.
29) Made up of the glomerulus surrounded by the Bowman’s capsule, the __________ corpuscle is where blood filtration occurs.
30) The outermost layer of the kidney is the renal __________.
31) The middle portion of the kidney is the renal __________, which is divided into triangular-shaped areas called renal pyramids.
32) Inside the kidney, the area where the renal artery, renal vein, and ureter enter is called the renal __________, which is formed by the expansion of the ureter inside the kidney.
33) The renal medulla is divided into triangular-shaped areas called renal __________.
34) The surface area of the concave depression of the kidney is called the renal __________.
35) The __________ tubules extend from the Bowman's capsule of a nephron and have three parts: the proximal convoluted tubule, the loop of Henle, and the distal convoluted tubule.
36) The kidneys lie behind the peritoneal cavity in the __________ position.
37) The internal floor of the bladder contains three openings, one for the urethra and two for the ureters, that form a triangle called the __________ of the bladder.
38) During urine formation, when the glomerular filtrate flows into the proximal convoluted tubule and all the necessary substances in the glomerular filtrate pass through the wall of the renal tubule into the blood of the peritubular capillaries, it is called tubular __________.
39) The third process of urine formation is __________, during which substances move out of the blood in the peritubular capillaries and into the renal tubules to be excreted in the urine.
40) The waste products formed by the breakdown of proteins and nucleic acids are __________ and uric acid.
41) The 10- to 12-inch long muscular tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder using rhythmic muscular contractions are called __________.
42) The __________ is a tube that moves urine from the bladder to the outside world.
43) In addition to urea, __________ __________ is a waste product formed by the breakdown of proteins and nucleic acids.
44) The kidneys remove __________ waste products from the blood.
45) Urea and uric acid are products of the breakdown of __________.
A) proteins
B) sugars
C) fats
D) drug metabolites
E) cholesterol
46) When a female patient develops cystitis, the most likely cause is from __________.
A) dehydration
B) fecal contamination
C) drinking a lot of water
D) frequent urination
E) wiping front to back
47) Yolanda has been diagnosed several times in the last year with cystitis. She asks the practitioner if there is anything she can do to prevent future episodes of cystitis. What is the best response to her question?
A) "Using a condom during sexual intercourse can help prevent cystitis."
B) "Always clean the perineal area from front to back."
C) "You can call us every three months for a refill on your antibiotics."
D) "Avoid using public toilets whenever possible."
E) "Limit your fluid intake after 8 p.m."
48) You would anticipate that a patient who has had __________ may develop cystitis.
A) multiple pregnancies
B) a history of international travel
C) pelvic inflammatory disease
D) an indwelling urinary catheter
E) multiple sexual partners
49) When taking a urine sample from a patient for testing, you notice it is cloudy. This could indicate __________.
A) cystitis
B) renal failure
C) renal calculi
D) incontinence
E) poor cleansing when collecting the urine
50) An immune disorder is a possible cause for which disease?
A) cystitis
B) glomerulonephritis
C) pyelonephritis
D) polycystic kidneys
E) chronic renal failure
51) Renal calculi could result from __________.
A) obstruction in the tubules
B) dehydration
C) anaphylactic reactions
D) overhydration
E) bladder infections
52) How does pyelonephritis begin?
A) as an infection in the kidneys
B) as an autoimmune reaction
C) as a side effect of some medications
D) with a loss of kidney function
E) with a bladder infection
53) Which of these urinary diseases is likely to be treated with corticosteroids?
A) cystitis
B) acute renal failure
C) glomerulonephritis
D) polycystic kidneys
E) incontinence
54) The portion of the renal cortex that extends between the pyramids is the __________.
A) renal pelvis
B) renal cortex
C) renal medulla
D) renal column
E) renal papilla
55) Which of the following is the outermost layer of the kidneys?
A) ureter
B) renal pelvis
C) renal cortex
D) renal medulla
E) renal papilla
56) What are the 10- to 12-inch muscular tubes that carry urine to the bladder called?
A) Hilum
B) ureters
C) renal pelvis
D) renal cortex
E) renal tubule
57) Which of these is the medial depression of a kidney?
A) renal sinus
B) hilum
C) ureter
D) renal pelvis
E) renal medulla
58) What is the name for the hormone that regulates blood pressure?
A) erythropoietin
B) renin
C) cortisol
D) prolactin
E) oxytocin
59) The kidneys are in which position when compared to the peritoneal cavity?
A) lateral
B) superior
C) retroperitoneal
D) inferior
E) distal
60) Which of these is a hormone that helps to regulate red blood cell production?
A) erythropoietin
B) renin
C) aldosterone
D) ADH
E) oxytocin
61) The __________ contains the renal artery, renal vein, and ureter.
A) renal sinus
B) hilum
C) renal pelvis
D) renal cortex
E) renal column
62) The expansion of the ureter inside the kidneys is the __________.
A) renal pelvis
B) renal cortex
C) renal medulla
D) renal column
E) renal pyramid
63) The middle portion of the kidneys is the __________.
A) renal pelvis
B) renal cortex
C) renal medulla
D) renal column
E) hilum
64) Which of the following is composed of a mass of capillaries called a glomerulus and is where blood filtration occurs?
A) renal corpuscle
B) renal tubule
C) glomerular capsule
D) proximal convoluted tubule
E) minor calyx
65) The group of capillaries that forms the renal corpuscle is called the __________.
A) renal tubule
B) glomerulus
C) afferent arterioles
D) peritubular capillaries
E) renal cortex
66) The __________ join with other, similar structures from other nephrons to form collecting ducts.
A) afferent arterioles
B) distal convoluted tubules
C) efferent arterioles
D) peritubular capillaries
E) proximal convoluted tubules
67) Located between the proximal and distal tubules is the __________.
A) renal corpuscle
B) minor calyx
C) peritubular capillaries
D) loop of Henle
E) collecting duct
68) Which section of the tubule is connected to the glomerulus?
A) renal corpuscle
B) collecting duct
C) glomerular capsule
D) proximal convoluted tubule
E) distal convoluted tubule
69) Which structure surrounds each glomerulus?
A) renal corpuscle
B) renal tubule
C) Bowman's capsule
D) proximal convoluted tubule
E) loop of Henle
70) What are the tiny vessels that surround the tubules?
A) proximal convoluted tubules
B) renal tubules
C) peritubular capillaries
D) Loop of Henle
E) distal convoluted tubules
71) The __________ deliver blood to the peritubular capillaries.
A) afferent arterioles
B) distal convoluted tubules
C) efferent arterioles
D) peritubular capillaries
E) proximal convoluted tubules
72) Which process of urine formation decreases when the blood pressure decreases, and increases when the blood pressure increases?
A) glomerular filtration
B) tubular reabsorption
C) tubular secretion
D) elimination
E) micturition
73) During the __________ process of urine formation, substances move from the blood into the renal tubules.
A) glomerular filtration
B) tubular reabsorption
C) tubular secretion
D) elimination
E) micturition
74) During __________, the hormone ADH controls the amount of water the body keeps.
A) glomerular filtration
B) tubular reabsorption
C) tubular secretion
D) elimination
E) micturition
75) Which of the following occurs in the renal corpuscles?
A) glomerular filtration
B) tubular reabsorption
C) tubular secretion
D) elimination
E) micturition
76) The filtrate flows into the proximal convoluted tubule during which process of urine formation?
A) glomerular filtration
B) tubular reabsorption
C) tubular secretion
D) elimination
E) micturition
77) During which process of urine formation do drugs and hydrogen ions enter the filtrate?
A) glomerular filtration
B) tubular reabsorption
C) tubular secretion
D) elimination
E) micturition
78) In which process of urine formation are nutrients, ions, and water returned to the body?
A) glomerular filtration
B) tubular reabsorption
C) tubular secretion
D) elimination
E) micturition
79) Substances such as drugs, ions, and waste products are moved during the __________ process of urine formation and are eliminated in urine.
A) glomerular filtration
B) tubular reabsorption
C) tubular secretion
D) elimination
E) micturition
80) Which urinary system structure takes urine away from the bladder?
A) ureters
B) renal tubule
C) urethra
D) kidney
E) glomerulus
81) The __________ use(s) a peristaltic action to take urine to the bladder.
A) ureters
B) renal tubule
C) urethra
D) kidney
E) glomerulus
82) The detrusor muscle is part of the __________.
A) ureters
B) bladder
C) urethra
D) kidney
E) liver
83) Which of the following describes acute renal failure?
A) kidneys slowly lose function
B) commonly caused by high blood pressure or diabetes
C) can result from poisons and/or alcohol abuse
D) surgical repair of obstructions may correct failure
E) can be caused by nervous system disorders
84) Which of the following does not describe acute kidney failure?
A) kidneys suddenly lose function
B) commonly caused by high blood pressure or diabetes
C) may cause excessive urine production
D) can result from hemorrhaging
E) may be a result of food poisoning
85) Which of the following describes chronic renal failure?
A) kidneys suddenly lose function
B) commonly caused by high blood pressure or diabetes
C) may cause excessive urine production
D) can result from hemorrhaging
E) may cause frequent seizure activity
86) Which of the following does not describe chronic renal failure?
A) kidneys slowly lose function
B) commonly caused by high blood pressure or diabetes
C) can result from poisons and/or alcohol abuse
D) surgical repair of obstructions may correct failure
E) may cause headache and mental confusion
87) Carol recently had surgery to repair a urinary sphincter. Since then, she has had trouble with urinary incontinence. The physician has assured her that this will be a temporary condition, but she wants to know what she can do to help alleviate this problem. Which of the following is your best reply?
A) "Wear incontinence pads for a while; it takes a long time to heal after surgery."
B) "You can do Kegel exercises to increase your control of the urinary sphincters."
C) "We can perform another surgery to repair your urethral sphincter."
D) "Try using an over-the-counter diuretic to make the urge to urinate stronger."
E) "Stop taking your prescription diuretic until you recover from the surgery."
88) Donna came to the office today complaining of back pain, fever, nausea, and blood in her urine. She has a recent history of bladder infection. The physician diagnoses pyelonephritis. Which of the following would you expect the physician to prescribe?
A) a systemic antiviral agent
B) bladder surgery
C) low-sodium, low-protein diet
D) kegel exercises
E) pain medication and antibiotics
89) You are working at an urgent care clinic when a patient is brought in by several of his friends. He is conscious but seems very confused. At first, the friends say they're worried because he had too much to drink, but then they admit that he was using drugs also. The patient's hands are shaking, and when he wipes his nose with a tissue, you can see blood on the tissue. Which of the following conditions would the physician likely be most concerned about?
A) pyelonephritis
B) glomerulonephritis
C) polycystic kidney disease
D) acute renal failure
E) renal calculi
90) Which of the following removes metabolic waste products from the blood?
A) kidneys
B) ureters
C) urinary bladder
D) urethra
E) renal pelvis
91) In the kidneys what combines with water and ions to form urine?
A) red blood cells
B) erythropoietin
C) metabolic wastes
D) red bone marrow
E) renin
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Medical Assisting Admin 7e | Test Bank Booth
By Kathryn Booth, Leesa Whicker, Terri Wyma