Chapter 5: Community Policing and Gangs

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. According to the definition from the Department of Justice and the Department of Homeland Security’s Immigration and Customs Enforcement, a gang is an association whose members collectively identify themselves by adopting a which type of identity?

A. group

B. personal

C. gender

D. class

Learning Objective: 5-1: Describe the characteristics and prevalence of gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: What Is a Gang?

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Which of the following is a characteristic of gangs mentioned in the official federal definition from the Department of Justice and Immigration and Customs Enforcement?

A. The members may employ rules for joining and operating within the association.

B. The group has some permanence and a degree of organization.

C. The group is involved in an elevated level of criminal activity.

D. The members view themselves as a gang and are recognized by others as a gang.

Learning Objective: 5-1: Describe the characteristics and prevalence of gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: What Is a Gang?

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. The federal definition of gangs represents the characteristics of gangs, such as the ______.

A. Russian Mafia

B. La Cosa Nostra

C. The Triads

D. Hells Angels

Learning Objective: 5-1: Describe the characteristics and prevalence of gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: What Is a Gang?

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Which of the following was identified in the text as one of the most common gang-related crimes?

A. money laundering

B. kidnapping

C. auto theft

D. embezzlement

Learning Objective: 5-1: Describe the characteristics and prevalence of gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Classification and Characteristics of Gangs

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Street gangs vary greatly by size and which type of composition?

A. age

B. class

C. racial/ethnic

D. gender

Learning Objective: 5-1: Describe the characteristics and prevalence of gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Street Gangs

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. A ______ street gang poses the greatest threat due to the quantity of illegal drugs and their violent nature.

A. regional

B. neighborhood

C. national

D. local

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe the different types of gangs and crimes committed by these gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Street Gangs

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. One of the main goals of street gangs is to gain access to the international ______.

A. drug trade

B. wildlife trade

C. human trafficking trade

D. weapons trade

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe the different types of gangs and crimes committed by these gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Street Gangs

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. Barrio 18 is an example of which type of gang?

A. prison

B. street

C. motorcycle

D. organized crime

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe the different types of gangs and crimes committed by these gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Street Gangs

Difficulty Level: Hard

9. According to the text, the Barrio 18 gang heavily recruits immigrant students who are in ______.

A. elementary and middle school

B. middle school and high school

C. high school and college

D. college and elementary school

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe the different types of gangs and crimes committed by these gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Street Gangs

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Prison gangs are more powerful in which type of correctional institution?

A. local/county jail

B. state penitentiary

C. federal penitentiary

D. private prison

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe the different types of gangs and crimes committed by these gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Prison Gangs

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. Which of the following statements pertaining to prison gangs is true?

A. They are primarily involved in weapons/arms trafficking.

B. They only operate inside of the prison.

C. They do not abide by a hierarchical structure.

D. They are typically structured along racial and ethnic lines.

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe the different types of gangs and crimes committed by these gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Prison Gangs

Difficulty Level: Hard

12. Which of the following is an example of a prison gang?

A. Barrio 18

B. La Cosa Nostra

C. Aryan Brotherhood

D. MS-13

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe the different types of gangs and crimes committed by these gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Prison Gangs

Difficulty Level: Hard

13. Which type of gang refers to themselves as the “one percenters?”

A. outlaw motorcycle gangs

B. street gangs

C. organized crime gangs

D. prison gangs

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe the different types of gangs and crimes committed by these gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Motorcycle Gangs

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. Which type of motorcycle gang serves as a recruiting ground and as helpers for criminal acts?

A. support clubs

B. regional clubs

C. larger clubs

D. satellite clubs

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe the different types of gangs and crimes committed by these gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Motorcycle Gangs

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. The Hells Angels and the Sons of Silence motorcycle gangs are an example of a _____.

A. satellite club

B. regional club

C. larger club

D. support club

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe the different types of gangs and crimes committed by these gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Motorcycle Gangs

Difficulty Level: Hard

16. Which type of gang typically has a large number of juvenile members?

A. street gang

B. prison gang

C. motorcycle gang

D. organized crime gang

Learning Objective: 5-3: Explain why juveniles join gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Why Do Juveniles Join Gangs?

Difficulty Level: Medium

17. Gang “recruitment season” takes place during the _____.

A. fall

B. winter

C. spring

D. summer

Learning Objective: 5-3: Explain why juveniles join gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Why Do Juveniles Join Gangs?

Difficulty Level: Easy

18. Which of the following is a risk factor that plays a role in a juvenile’s decision to join a gang and engage in delinquent acts?

A. educational aspirations

B. family poverty

C. religious beliefs

D. high IQ

Learning Objective: 5-3: Explain why juveniles join gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Why Do Juveniles Join Gangs?

Difficulty Level: Hard

19. Joining a gang to achieve a level of status that he or she feels impossible outside the gang culture is consistent with which motivating factor identified by the Los Angeles Police Department?

A. criminal activity

B. fellowship and brotherhood

C. identity or recognition

D. protection

Learning Objective: 5-3: Explain why juveniles join gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Motivations by Juveniles to Join Gangs

Difficulty Level: Medium

20. The “Royals” are an example of a(n) ______.

A. ethnic prison gang

B. White street gang

C. organized crime syndicate

D. outlaw motorcycle gang

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe the different types of gangs and crimes committed by these gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The “Royals”

Difficulty Level: Hard

21. The prevailing drug distributed by gangs on the West Coast is ______.

A. marijuana

B. methamphetamine

C. cocaine

D. heroin

Learning Objective: 5-4: Discuss the relationship between drugs and gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Drug Distribution

Difficulty Level: Easy

22. Which of the following strategies developed by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) involves local citizens, including former gang-involved youth, community groups, agencies, and coordination of programs and staff functions within and across agencies?

A. organizational change and development

B. community mobilization

C. opportunities provision

D. suppression

Learning Objective: 5-5: Discuss how community policing can reduce gang activity and recruitment.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Community Policing and Juvenile Gang Membership

Difficulty Level: Hard

23. “Reaching out” to gang-involved youth and their families and linking them to the conventional world and needed services is consistent with which of the following strategies?

A. community mobilization

B. organizational change and development

C. social intervention

D. suppression

Learning Objective: 5-5: Discuss how community policing can reduce gang activity and recruitment.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Community Policing and Juvenile Gang Membership

Difficulty Level: Medium

24. The close monitoring of gang-involved youth by agencies of the juvenile/criminal justice system and also by community-based agencies, schools, and grassroots groups is consistent with which of the following strategies?

A. suppression

B. social intervention

C. opportunities provision

D. organizational change and development

Learning Objective: 5-5: Discuss how community policing can reduce gang activity and recruitment.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Community Policing and Juvenile Gang Membership

Difficulty Level: Medium

25. Which strategy targets the most dangerous gang members with the goal to remove them from the community?

A. community mobilization

B. social intervention

C. opportunities provision

D. suppression

Learning Objective: 5-5: Discuss how community policing can reduce gang activity and recruitment.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Community Policing and Juvenile Gang Membership

Difficulty Level: Medium

True/False

1. There is no agreed upon definition of the term “gang.”

Learning Objective: 5-1: Describe the characteristics and prevalence of gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: What Is a Gang?

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Anti-racketeering laws that have brought down other mafia groups have been successful in suppressing street gang activity.

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe the different types of gangs and crimes committed by these gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Street Gangs

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Data show that gangs are not as widespread a problem as previously thought.

Learning Objective: 5-1: Describe the characteristics and prevalence of gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Prevalence of Gangs and Gang Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Gangs are known to use social media platforms, such as Facebook, YouTube, and Twitter, to recruit juvenile gang members.

Learning Objective: 5-3: Explain why juveniles join gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Why Do Juveniles Join Gangs?

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Youth who join gangs often perform poorly in school and lack skills, such as socialization, self-control, self-esteem, and refusal.

Learning Objective: 5-3: Explain why juveniles join gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Why Do Juveniles Join Gangs?

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. According to the National Youth Survey, the vast majority of gang members are people of color.

Learning Objective: 5-1: Describe the characteristics and prevalence of gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: White Street Gangs

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. Street gangs in the United States used to cooperate with Mexican drug trafficking organizations (MDTOs), but have since cut them out of the business.

Learning Objective: 5-4: Discuss the relationship between drugs and gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Gangs and Drugs

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. Children are often recruited by gangs to be drug runners in their communities.

Learning Objective: 5-4: Discuss the relationship between drugs and gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Recruitment of Children

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. According to Scott Decker, a leading expert on gang recruitment and violence, law enforcement leaders should not burden the public with the nitty-gritty details of gang-prevention work.

Learning Objective: 5-5: Discuss how community policing can reduce gang activity and recruitment.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: How Can Community Policing Reduce Gang Activity and Recruitment?

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. The main goal of the G.R.E.A.T. program is to immunize youth against delinquency and gang membership.

Learning Objective: 5-5: Discuss how community policing can reduce gang activity and recruitment.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Gang Resistance Education and Training (G.R.E.A.T.)

Difficulty Level: Medium

Essay

1. What are some of the characteristics of gangs, according to the official definition used by the Department of Justice and Department of Homeland Security’s Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE)?

Learning Objective: 5-1: Describe the characteristics and prevalence of gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: What Is a Gang?

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Discuss the impact of social media on gang membership and violence against law enforcement.

Learning Objective: Various

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Various

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Identify and discuss the Los Angeles Police Department’s five main motivating factors for juveniles to join gangs.

Learning Objective: 5-3: Explain why juveniles join gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Motivations by Juveniles to Join Gangs

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Explain why there are discrepancies between law enforcement data and the youth survey data pertaining to gang membership for White people and people of color.

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe the different types of gangs and crimes committed by these gangs.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: White Street Gangs

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Explain the G.R.E.A.T. program. What is it? What is its goal? How is it implemented?

Learning Objective: 5-5: Discuss how community policing can reduce gang activity and recruitment.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Gang Resistance Education and Training (G.R.E.A.T.)

Difficulty Level: Medium