Chapter 3: Identifying and Responding to Problems Within the Community: Three Case Studies

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. The scanning, analysis, response, and assessment (SARA) model builds on which of the following policing models?

A. traditional policing

B. predictive policing

C. problem-oriented policing

D. community policing

Learning Objective: 3-2: Describe the SARA model and how it guides community policing.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: SARA Model

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Which phase of the SARA model enables law enforcement agencies to prioritize the problem and select problems for closer examination?

A. response

B. scanning

C. analysis

D. assessment

Learning Objective: 3-2: Describe the SARA model and how it guides community policing.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: SARA Model

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Which phase of the SARA model involves the identification of potential problems within the community?

A. scanning

B. analysis

C. response

D. assessment

Learning Objective: 3-2: Describe the SARA model and how it guides community policing.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: SARA Model

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. If a law enforcement agency is working to identify problems, the consequences of the problems, how often the problems are occurring, and why they are occurring, they are in which phase of the SARA model?

A. analysis

B. response

C. assessment

D. scanning

Learning Objective: 3-2: Describe the SARA model and how it guides community policing.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: SARA Model

Difficulty Level: Hard

5. Which phase of the SARA model focuses on learning more about the problem?

A. analysis

B. scanning

C. assessment

D. response

Learning Objective: 3-2: Describe the SARA model and how it guides community policing.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: SARA Model

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. During the analysis phase of the SARA model, law enforcement agencies are trying to answer which of the following questions?

A. “What is the problem?”

B. “What are the consequences of the problem?”

C. “How often is the problem occurring?”

D. “Why is the problem occurring?”

Learning Objective: 3-2: Describe the SARA model and how it guides community policing.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: SARA Model

Difficulty Level: Hard

7. Brainstorming new and creative interventions takes place during the ______ phase of the SARA model?

A. assessment

B. scanning

C. response

D. analysis

Learning Objective: 3-2: Describe the SARA model and how it guides community policing.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: SARA Model

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. During which phase of the SARA model do agencies develop specific objectives to be achieved through intervention?

A. response

B. assessment

C. analysis

D. scanning

Learning Objective: 3-2: Describe the SARA model and how it guides community policing.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: SARA Model

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. The effectiveness of the intervention is determined during the ______ phase.

A. scanning

B. analysis

C. assessment

D. response

Learning Objective: 3-2: Describe the SARA model and how it guides community policing.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: SARA Model

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. Drinking alcohol until the drug alcohol level is above 0.08 g/dl is defined as ______.

A. binge drinking

B. heavy drinking

C. casual drinking

D. social drinking

Learning Objective: 3-3: Explain what practices work in addressing alcohol-related crimes.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Addressing Alcohol-Related Crimes and Victimization

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. The National Household Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) shows that alcohol use is common among which population?

A. retirees

B. middle-aged men

C. adolescents

D. college students

Learning Objective: 3-3: Explain what practices work in addressing alcohol-related crimes.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Problem of Alcohol-Related Incidents in College Towns

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. Which of the following statements pertaining to alcohol-related incidents in college towns is true?

A. The academic progress of 1 in 10 students is negatively affected by their drinking.

B. Neighborhoods with one bar along with college housing experience substantially more violent crime.

C. Alcohol is the number one drug associated with aggression and violence.

D. Every violent crime is committed by someone who is under the influence of alcohol.

Learning Objective: 3-3: Explain what practices work in addressing alcohol-related crimes.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Problem of Alcohol-Related Incidents in College Towns

Difficulty Level: Hard

13. Any form of behavior directed toward the goal of harming or injuring another living being who is motivated to avoid such treatment is defined as ______.

A. viciousness

B. hostility

C. violence

D. aggression

Learning Objective: 3-3: Explain what practices work in addressing alcohol-related crimes.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Problem of Alcohol-Related Incidents in College Towns

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. Which term is generally used as a forensic term for investigations of interpersonal aggression or aggression between intimate partners or family members?

A. viciousness

B. hostility

C. violence

D. aggression

Learning Objective: 3-3: Explain what practices work in addressing alcohol-related crimes.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Problem of Alcohol-Related Incidents in College Towns

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. Which pharmacological effect of alcohol best describes the rewarding properties, such as increasing sensation and impulsivity, due to alcohol consumption?

A. psychomotor stimulant effects

B. alterations of the pain system

C. interrupted threat detection

D. cognitive interference

Learning Objective: 3-3: Explain what practices work in addressing alcohol-related crimes.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Pharmacological Effects of Alcohol

Difficulty Level: Hard

16. Which pharmacological effect best describes the disinhibiting effect of alcohol?

A. cognitive interference

B. psychomotor stimulant effects

C. alterations of the pain system

D. interrupted threat detection

Learning Objective: 3-3: Explain what practices work in addressing alcohol-related crimes.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Pharmacological Effects of Alcohol

Difficulty Level: Hard

17. Which pharmacological effect would apply to a situation where an intoxicated person perceives the words and tone used by another person as offensive, when they truly were not?

A. cognitive interference

B. alterations of the pain system

C. psychomotor stimulant effects

D. interrupted threat detection

Learning Objective: 3-3: Explain what practices work in addressing alcohol-related crimes.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Pharmacological Effects of Alcohol

Difficulty Level: Hard

18. Which theory suggests that the physical characteristics of a neighborhood can explain neighborhood crime rates?

A. broken windows theory

B. routine activities theory

C. general strain theory

D. differential association theory

Learning Objective: 3-3: Explain what practices work in addressing alcohol-related crimes.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Alcohol Outlet Density and Violent Crime

Difficulty Level: Medium

19. Which approach would a police officer typically use if asked to handle a situation that involves a mentally ill call subject?

A. contact social and health services so that they can institutionalize the call subject

B. talk to the individual, understand their circumstance, and offer advice

C. immediately subdue the individual

D. take the mentally ill offender in for questioning

Learning Objective: 3-4: Discuss the issues police face and possible solutions in responding to people with mental disorders.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Negotiating Peace With Complainants and Call Subjects

Difficulty Level: Hard

20. The most common intervention used by departments where a police officer is a domestic violence offender is ______.

A. suspension of the officer

B. counseling for the officer

C. termination of the officer

D. retraining the officer

Learning Objective: 3-4: Discuss the issues police face and possible solutions in responding to people with mental disorders.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Problem of Officer-Involved Domestic Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

21. Maximizing the safety for battered women aligns with which principle of community policing?

A. community engagement/partnership

B. practice of solving problems within the community

C. practice of organizational change

D. work proactively to prevent problems

Learning Objective: 3-4: Discuss the issues police face and possible solutions in responding to people with mental disorders.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Challenges of Community Policing and Domestic Violence

Difficulty Level: Medium

22. Which of the following statements pertaining to crisis intervention is true?

A. The goal is to improve the knowledge and attitudes of police officers.

B. It was established in an effort to reduce the criminalization of drug offenders.

C. In the capacity of a crisis intervention team, police officers serve more as enforcers.

D. It is based on the traditional, reactive, policing models.

Learning Objective: 3-4: Discuss the issues police face and possible solutions in responding to people with mental disorders.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Crisis Intervention Teams as a Best Practice

Difficulty Level: Hard

23. Which call for service has the highest officer fatality rate out of all calls for service?

A. domestic dispute

B. drunk driver

C. robberies

D. traffic stop

Learning Objective: 3-5: Discuss the dangers associated with domestic violence calls for service and how police can effectively reduce domestic violence incidence.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Domestic Violence and Officer Safety

Difficulty Level: Easy

24. Which of the following was identified as the main reason why domestic violence goes unreported?

A. The crime was minor.

B. protecting the offender

C. personal privacy

D. fear of reprisal

Learning Objective: 3-5: Discuss the dangers associated with domestic violence calls for service and how police can effectively reduce domestic violence incidence.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Domestic Violence

Difficulty Level: Medium

25. Which of the following is highly underreported due to the personal nature of the crime?

A. simple assault

B. domestic violence

C. robbery

D. homicide

Learning Objective: 3-5: Discuss the dangers associated with domestic violence calls for service and how police can effectively reduce domestic violence incidence.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Domestic Violence

Difficulty Level: Medium

True/False

1. The SARA model consists of the following four phases: search, analysis, response, and assessment.

Learning Objective: 3-2: Describe the SARA model and how it guides community policing.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: SARA Model

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. The alcohol–crime connection is closely related to the pharmacological effects of alcohol on the brain.

Learning Objective: 3-3: Explain what practices work in addressing alcohol-related crimes.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Problem of Alcohol-Related Incidents in College Towns

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. When individuals with mental disorders are in a crisis situation, police officers are typically the ones who are called to handle the situation.

Learning Objective: 3-4: Discuss the issues police face and possible solutions in responding to people with mental disorders.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Police Response to People with Mental Disorders: A Gray Zone

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. The majority of a police officer’s encounters with individuals who are mentally ill involve violence or major crimes.

Learning Objective: 3-4: Discuss the issues police face and possible solutions in responding to people with mental disorders.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Police Response to People with Mental Disorders: A Gray Zone.

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Deinstitutionalization has improved the lives of people with mental disorders.

Learning Objective: 3-4: Discuss the issues police face and possible solutions in responding to people with mental disorders.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Police Response to People with Mental Disorders: A Gray Zone

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. Factors such as the Code of Silence reduce the reporting of officer-involved domestic violence.

Learning Objective: 3-4: Discuss the issues police face and possible solutions in responding to people with mental disorders.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Problem of Officer-Involved Domestic Violence

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Police departments and officers face a variety of challenges in the community, especially in cases involving domestic violence.

Learning Objective: 3-1: Describe the challenges police departments and officers are facing in the community.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Domestic Violence

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. Many police departments face a shortage of funding and officers, which makes it impossible to send more than one officer to dangerous calls for service.

Learning Objective: 3-5: Discuss the dangers associated with domestic violence calls for service and how police can effectively reduce domestic violence incidence.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Domestic Violence and Officer Safety

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. There is a lot of research on the rates and consequences of domestic violence where the officer is the offender, which is also referred to as officer-involved domestic violence.

Learning Objective: 3-5: Discuss the dangers associated with domestic violence calls for service and how police can effectively reduce domestic violence incidence.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Problem of Officer-Involved Domestic Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Research shows that the hypermasculine culture in policing has an impact on officer-involved domestic violence.

Learning Objective: 3-5: Discuss the dangers associated with domestic violence calls for service and how police can effectively reduce domestic violence incidence.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Problem of Officer-Involved Domestic Violence

Difficulty Level: Easy

Essay

1. Explain problem-oriented policing and what is needed in order for it to be effective.

Learning Objective: 3-2: Describe the SARA model and how it guides community policing.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: SARA Model

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Discuss the intervention strategies that have been utilized to address alcohol-related violence. Do you think they are effective? Why or why not?

Learning Objective: 3-3: Explain what practices work in addressing alcohol-related crimes.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Reducing Alcohol-Related Violence

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Discuss the beliefs that drove the deinstitutionalization of the mentally ill. How did the deinstitutionalization of the mentally ill create a challenge for police departments and officers?

Learning Objective: 3-1: Describe the challenges police departments and officers are facing in the community.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Police Response to People with Mental Disorders: A Gray Zone

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Identify and explain the three core features of a police officer’s work with the mentally ill population.

Learning Objective: 3-4: Discuss the issues police face and possible solutions in responding to people with mental disorders.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Police Response to People with Mental Disorders: A Gray Zone

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. The most effective way to prevent intimate partner homicides is to identify women who are high risk and intervene promptly. What are the four main risk factors? How are the risk factors measured?

Learning Objective: 3-5: Discuss the dangers associated with domestic violence calls for service and how police can effectively reduce domestic violence incidence.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Domestic Violence and Intimate Partner Homicide

Difficulty Level: Medium