Chapter 7: Community Policing and Militarism

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. The first Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) team was developed in the 1960s in which city?

A. Chicago

B. New York

C. Miami

D. Los Angeles

Learning Objective: 7-1: Explain the development of military tactics and weapons in police departments across the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Civil Rights Riots: How It All Began

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. The militarization of police is more pronounced in communities that are considered to be primarily ______.

A. White and Asian

B. Asian and Brown

C. Brown and Black

D. Black and White

Learning Objective: 7-1: Explain the development of military tactics and weapons in police departments across the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Civil Rights Riots: How It All Began

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. The history of police militarization can be traced back to which movement?

A. Civil Rights

B. Occupy Wall Street

C. Women’s Liberation

D. Black Lives Matter

Learning Objective: 7-1: Explain the development of military tactics and weapons in police departments across the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Civil Rights Riots: How It All Began

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Which of the following stated that drugs are a threat to national security because drug monies subsidize terrorist organizations?

A. Posse Comitatus Act

B. National Security Decision Directive 221

C. Anti-Drug Abuse Act

D. Military Cooperation with Law Enforcement Act

Learning Objective: 7-1: Explain the development of military tactics and weapons in police departments across the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The War on Drugs and Police Militarization

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. The growing militarization of police is directly related to ______.

A. the decriminalization of marijuana

B. policies that are “tough on crime”

C. the legalization of certain drugs

D. the deinstitutionalization of mentally ill offenders

Learning Objective: 7-1: Explain the development of military tactics and weapons in police departments across the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The War on Drugs and Police Militarization

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. Which of the following federal departments poured money into law enforcement agencies, allowing them to purchase military equipment to combat terrorism after 9/11?

A. Department of Defense

B. Department of State

C. Department of Justice

D. Department of Homeland Security

Learning Objective: 7-1: Explain the development of military tactics and weapons in police departments across the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The War on Terrorism and the Militarization of Police

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. One of the areas in which the SWAT response has changed entirely is with regard to calls for service for ______.

A. drug possession

B. suicides

C. domestic violence disputes

D. armed robberies

Learning Objective: 7-1: Explain the development of military tactics and weapons in police departments across the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Police Perceptions of Militarization and SWAT Developments in the 21st Century

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. The purpose of the Department of Defense (DOD) Excess Property Program is to “enhance the ______ of domestic law enforcement agencies through direct or material support.”

A. effectiveness

B. lawfulness

C. legitimacy

D. authority

Learning Objective: 7-1: Explain the development of military tactics and weapons in police departments across the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Department of Defense Excess Program

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Which of the following is an example of an uncontrolled item?

A. weapons

B. machine paper

C. aircrafts

D. vehicles

Learning Objective: 7-1: Explain the development of military tactics and weapons in police departments across the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Department of Defense Excess Program

Difficulty Level: Hard

10. Which of the following statements pertaining to SWAT teams is true? SWAT teams ______.

A. look more like military units rather than police officers

B. use knock-and-announce tactics when conducting raids

C. positively impact the relationship between community members and the police

D. use the same types of weapons that patrol officers use

Learning Objective: 7-2: Discuss why growing militarization of police may be a threat to community policing.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Militarization as a Threat to Community Policing

Difficulty Level: Hard

11. Military officers are more likely to start a mission during what time of the day?

A. early morning

B. late afternoon

C. evening

D. middle of the night

Learning Objective: 7-2: Discuss why growing militarization of police may be a threat to community policing.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Militarization as a Threat to Community Policing

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. Which type of weapon is more likely to be used by a military officer than a police officer?

A. Taser

B. flash grenade

C. firearm

D. baton

Learning Objective: 7-2: Discuss why growing militarization of police may be a threat to community policing.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Militarization as a Threat to Community Policing

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. A military officer is more likely to use which of the following tactics to accomplish their mission?

A. use of force

B. diplomacy

C. interpersonal skills

D. community partnerships

Learning Objective: 7-2: Discuss why growing militarization of police may be a threat to community policing.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Militarization as a Threat to Community Policing

Difficulty Level: Hard

14. Johnson (2005) found that officers with blue, lighter color uniforms were perceived as ______.

A. cold

B. unfriendly

C. passive

D. corrupt

Learning Objective: 7-3: Discuss the impact of Battle Dress Uniforms (BDUs) on community policing.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Impact of Battle Dress Uniforms on Community Policing

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. According to the research, the use of ______ uniforms creates more aggression and exacerbates the level of conflict between police and residents.

A. parade dress

B. battle dress

C. operational

D. duty

Learning Objective: 7-3: Discuss the impact of Battle Dress Uniforms (BDUs) on community policing.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Impact of Battle Dress Uniforms on Community Policing

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. The story of Henry Magee and his pregnant girlfriend illustrates the volatile situations that can be created due to ______.

A. the use of black battle dress uniforms and no-knock warrants

B. nonstress and stress training in the police academy

C. maladaptive coping strategies

D. the false reporting of emergencies to police

Learning Objective: 7-3: Discuss the impact of Battle Dress Uniforms (BDUs) on community policing.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Impact of Battle Dress Uniforms on Community Policing

Difficulty Level: Hard

17. Police officers who stress train are more likely to perceive which individuals as outsiders?

A. themselves

B. peers

C. superiors

D. community members

Learning Objective: 7-4: Explain how the growing militarization is influencing police training and vice versa.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Impact of Military Style Training of Police Officers on Community Policing

Difficulty Level: Medium

18. Which of the following is an example of a maladaptive coping strategy?

A. collaborative behavior

B. relationship building

C. trust of outsiders

D. aggressive attitudes

Learning Objective: 7-4: Explain how the growing militarization is influencing police training and vice versa.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Impact of Military Style Training of Police Officers on Community Policing

Difficulty Level: Hard

19. One of the benefits of nonstress training is ______.

A. ability to follow orders

B. self-confidence

C. higher field performance

D. command presence

Learning Objective: 7-4: Explain how the growing militarization is influencing police training and vice versa.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Impact of Military Style Training of Police Officers on Community Policing

Difficulty Level: Medium

20. Which of the following is considered to be a benefit of the militaristic stress environment?

A. higher job satisfaction

B. self-discipline

C. ability to identify and solve problems

D. working collaboratively with coworkers and community partners

Learning Objective: 7-4: Explain how the growing militarization is influencing police training and vice versa.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Impact of Military Style Training of Police Officers on Community Policing

Difficulty Level: Hard

21. Which term is used to describe the orientation of military style training in police academies?

A. warrior

B. diplomat

C. negotiator

D. peacemaker

Learning Objective: 7-4: Explain how the growing militarization is influencing police training and vice versa.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Impact of Military Style Training of Police Officers on Community Policing

Difficulty Level: Easy

22. The stress training and “warrior-like” orientation used in police academies creates which type of mindset?

A. productive

B. us-versus-them

C. community

D. inefficient

Learning Objective: 7-4: Explain how the growing militarization is influencing police training and vice versa.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Impact of Military Style Training of Police Officers on Community Policing

Difficulty Level: Medium

23. Police and military organizations are similar in which of the following ways?

A. They both have a nonhierarchical structure.

B. The decision-making power is concentrated at the bottom.

C. They both require their officers to communicate and interact with citizens.

D. The behavior of officers is closely regulated and monitored.

Learning Objective: 7-4: Explain how the growing militarization is influencing police training and vice versa.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Impact of Military Style Training of Police Officers on Community Policing

Difficulty Level: Medium

24. During Hurricane Katrina, military excess equipment was used for which of the following purposes?

A. counterdrug operations

B. active shooter or hostage situations

C. border security

D. rescue and search operations

Learning Objective: 7-5: Explain the importance and benefits of military equipment for police agencies.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Importance and Use of Military Equipment

Difficulty Level: Hard

25. Which of the following was reported by federal agencies as a benefit of the LESO program?

A. obtaining critical items without committing additional government funds

B. ability to order equipment that they would not have been able to purchase otherwise

C. enhanced law enforcement activities

D. improved ability to react to active shooter situations

Learning Objective: 7-5: Explain the importance and benefits of military equipment for police agencies.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Benefits of the LESO Program

Difficulty Level: Medium

True/False

1. The false reporting of emergencies to police in order to get a SWAT team sent to an address is known as swatting.

Learning Objective: 7-1: Explain the development of military tactics and weapons in police departments across the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Death by Swatting

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. SWAT team raids increase fear of police.

Learning Objective: 7-2: Discuss why growing militarization of police may be a threat to community policing.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Militarization as a Threat to Community Policing

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. SWAT teams often conduct their raids when most people are at work.

Learning Objective: 7-2: Discuss why growing militarization of police may be a threat to community policing.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Militarization as a Threat to Community Policing

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. The militarization of police threatens the goals of community policing.

Learning Objective: 7-2: Discuss why growing militarization of police may be a threat to community policing.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Militarization as a Threat to Community Policing

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. All officers, despite the color of their uniforms, are perceived as being passive.

Learning Objective: 7-3: Discuss the impact of Battle Dress Uniforms (BDUs) on community policing.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Impact of Battle Dress Uniforms on Community Policing

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. The color of uniforms can have an impact on how police are perceived by community members.

Learning Objective: 7-3: Discuss the impact of Battle Dress Uniforms (BDUs) on community policing.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Impact of Battle Dress Uniforms on Community Policing

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Officers who stress train identify more with their peers than they do with community members.

Learning Objective: 7-4: Explain how the growing militarization is influencing police training and vice versa.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Impact of Military Style Training of Police Officers on Community Policing

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. Research shows that officers who complete stress training showed higher levels of field performance and job satisfaction.

Learning Objective: 7-4: Explain how the growing militarization is influencing police training and vice versa.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Impact of Military Style Training of Police Officers on Community Policing

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. The majority of the items purchased by police departments fall into the category of “controlled items.”

Learning Objective: 7-5: Explain the importance and benefits of military equipment for police agencies.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Importance and Use of Military Equipment

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. All police buy military surplus items such as armored vehicles, assault rifles, sleeping bags, and so on.

Learning Objective: 7-5: Explain the importance and benefits of military equipment for police agencies.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Importance and Use of Military Equipment

Difficulty Level: Easy

Essay

1. Explain how the growing militarization of police is directly related to tough on crime and tough on drugs policy.

Learning Objective: 7-1: Explain the development of military tactics and weapons in police departments across the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The War on Drugs and Police Militarization

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Explain how the use of SWAT teams, military dress patterns, and military style training negatively impacts the relationship between key community members and police.

Learning Objective: 7-2: Discuss why growing militarization of police may be a threat to community policing.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Militarization as a Threat to Community Policing

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. What are some of the arguments in favor of black dress uniforms?

Learning Objective: 7-3: Discuss the impact of Battle Dress Uniforms (BDUs) on community policing.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Impact of Battle Dress Uniforms on Community Policing

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Explain how the military style of training can impair police officers’ relationships with the community.

Learning Objective: 7-4: Explain how the growing militarization is influencing police training and vice versa.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Impact of Military Style Training of Police Officers on Community Policing

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Discuss the benefits of the Law Enforcement Support Office (LESO) program for both federal and state agencies.

Learning Objective: 7-5: Explain the importance and benefits of military equipment for police agencies.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Benefits of the LESO Program

Difficulty Level: Medium