Final Behavioral Ecology Verified Test Bank Chapter 6

Chapter 6 Behavioral Ecology

Multiple Choice

1. Communication occurs when
2. an action by one individual alters the behavior of another.
3. information is shared.
4. the stimulus-response reaction is altered.
5. information flows both directions.
6. none of the above
7. Which of the following do not contribute to heritability in the narrow sense?
8. additive genetic variance.
9. dominance.
10. environmental variation.
11. selection.
12. none of the above
13. Bateman’s principle states that
14. males experience greater variation in reproductive success than females.
15. females experience greater variation in reproductive success then males.
16. male and female reproductive success must be equal.
17. heritability of male traits is higher than for female traits.
18. none of the above
19. Exaggerated male traits
20. are never adaptive.
21. are indicators of male fitness.
22. repel females.
23. select for exaggerated female traits.
24. none of the above
25. Polygyny is more likely to occur when
26. females are widely scattered.
27. males outnumber females.
28. critical resources are defensible.
29. males live longer than females.
30. none of the above
31. Purely monogamous systems
32. do not occur in nature.
33. are characteristic of lek species.
34. cannot be proven.
35. require no paternal care.
36. none of the above
37. Which of the following is a mismatch?
38. autogamy/self-fertilization
39. apomixis/sexual reproduction
40. monoecious/male and female flower on same individual
41. dioecious/separate male and female individuals
42. none of the above
43. Territoriality in the golden-winged sunbird occurs if
44. their food plants are widely scattered.
45. there are many species of food plants in a patch.
46. the caloric cost of reproduction is less than the energy cost of defense.
47. the caloric value of the patch is less than the energy cost of defense.
48. none of the above
49. The adaptive value of pre-saturation dispersal
50. is unknown.
51. is economic resources.
52. is inbreeding avoidance.
53. ensures monogamy.
54. none of the above
55. Under inbreeding the frequency of the homozygous recessives is
56. q².
57. 2pqF.
58. 1.0.
59. q² + pqF.
60. none of the above
61. The coefficient of relationship for full sibs is
62. 0.5.
63. 0.125.
64. O.25.
65. 0.75.
66. none of the above
67. If a grandparent gives an alarm call and is always killed but the call saves a grandchild (r = 0.25) by what factor would the alarm call have to increase the grandchild’s survival?
68. more than 0.25
69. more than 1.0
70. more than 2.0
71. more than 4.0
72. none of the above
73. Which of the following are not eusocial?
74. ants
75. wasps
76. termites
77. acorn woodpeckers
78. none of the above
79. Eusociality in vertebrates
80. is common.
81. occurs in harsh environments.
82. only occurs in haplodiploid species.
83. requires low levels of inbreeding.
84. none of the above
85. Cooperative breeding is more likely to occur when
86. successful dispersal is difficult.
87. long distance dispersal is possible.
88. inbreeding has no effect..
89. most individuals are unrelated
90. none of the above
91. In song sparrows
92. the song is entirely innate.
93. young birds must hear adults sing to develop the song.
94. the song develops normally even in deaf birds.
95. the song is not genetically coded.
96. none of the above
97. Male tree crickets that mate successfully have
98. larger heads.
99. smaller heads.
100. higher survival.
101. large legs.
102. none of the above

True/False

1. Male-biased dispersal contributes to altruism in Belding’s ground squirrels.
2. In haplodiploids females are more closely related to their offspring than to their sisters.
3. Inbreeding depression is the result of excess homozygous dominant genotypes in the population.
4. There is no known adaptive advantage to pre-saturation dispersal.
5. The territory encompasses the entire home range.
6. Female choice operates in lek species.
7. Females are usually the limiting sexual resource in populations.
8. Self-incompatibility is an adaptation to decrease inbreeding in plants.
9. Polyandry is the most common mating system in vertebrates.
10. Female defense polygyny is an adaptation to protect females from predators.

Short Answer/Fill in the Blank

1. __________ is a mating system in which males mate with more than one female whereas in __________ females mate with more than one male.
2. In __________ plants the male reproductive structures develop first.
3. Saturation dispersal occurs when __________.
4. The relative ability to get one’s genes into future generations is the __________.
5. Female choice leads to __________.
6. Many eusocial species have high levels of __________.
7. Why do extreme male phenotypes represent “truth in advertising”?