Full Test Bank Ch4 Terrestrial Communities

Chapter 4 Terrestrial Communities

Multiple Choice

1. Adiabatic cooling occurs because
2. air pressure increases with altitude.
3. air pressure decreases with altitude.
4. gases expand at low temperature.
5. kinetic energy lowers temperature.
6. none of the above
7. Many deserts are found at 30°N and 30°S because
8. most mountain ranges are located at those latitudes.
9. solar radiation is most intense there.
10. cool air rises in these regions.
11. warm dry air returns to the earth’s surface there.
12. none of the above
13. Rain shadows occur
14. on the windward side of mountains.
15. on the lee side of mountains.
16. at the crest of mountain ranges.
17. at 30° N and S latitude.
18. none of the above
19. Which of the following does not determine species’ range limits?
20. the substrate
21. latitude
22. altitude
23. disturbances such as fire
24. none of the above
25. The flora and vegetation of a region refer to the
26. same aspects of plant life.
27. species present and the form of the vegetation, respectively.
28. form of the vegetation and the species present, respectively.
29. all of the above
30. none of the above
31. The Clemenstian view of plant communities
32. assumes the plant species in a biome are randomly associated.
33. emphasizes the flora rather than the vegetation.
34. emphasizes the vegetation rather than the flora.
35. considers the plant community a superorganism.
36. none of the above
37. The Gleasonian view of plant communities
38. emphasizes the role of chance co-occurrence.
39. emphasizes the superorganismal nature of communities.
40. is based on the flora rather than the vegetation.
41. is based on the vegetation rather than the flora.
42. none of the above
43. Day length and temperature change with latitude because
44. sunlight strikes the equator at a 90° angle.
45. the tilt of the earth’s axis.
46. the west to east rotation of the earth.
47. of north and south facing slopes.
48. none of the above
49. Cloud forests are characterized by
50. rain shadows.
51. long dry seasons.
52. high species diversity.
53. low species diversity.
54. none of the above
55. The first bipedal primates probably arose in
56. tropical rain forest.
57. temperate grassland.
58. Mediterranean shrubland.
59. savanna
60. none of the above

11.Which of the following is not an adaptation in desert plants?

1. allelopathy
2. hairy leaves
3. reduced leaves
4. flammable oils
5. none of the above
6. In which of these biomes is fire least important?
7. temperature grassland
8. alpine tundra
9. conifer forest
10. chaparral
11. none of the above
12. The climate of Mediterranean shrubland is characterized by
13. summer drought.
14. summer monsoons.
15. cold, dry winters.
16. unpredictable snowfall.
17. none of the above
18. Temperate grasslands are important to humans because
19. they are free from fire.
20. forbs are edible.
21. they contain large populations of bison.
22. grassland soils are very fertile.
23. none of the above
24. Conifers are found
25. in regions of permafrost.
26. where soil fertility is low.
27. where winters are cold and long.
28. all of the above
29. none of the above
30. One important difference between arctic and alpine tundra is
31. in arctic tundra there is a large seasonal change in photoperiod.
32. alpine tundra receives less snow.
33. they share no plant species.
34. alpine tundra has a very long growing season.
35. none of the above
36. Rain shadows occur
37. on north-facing slopes.
38. on the lee side of mountain ranges.
39. at 30°N and 30°S latitude.
40. near maritime climates.
41. none of the above

True/False

1. Jaguars are characteristic animals of savannas.
2. Many savanna plants have thorns or spines.
3. Allelopathy deters grazing.
4. Rainfall in deserts is low but predictable.
5. The deciduous habit is an adaptation to reduce water loss.
6. Conifer forests are found only at high latitude.
7. Arctic tundra has low seasonal variation in temperature.
8. North and east facing slopes tend to be cooler and wetter.
9. Maritime climates have greater temperature variation than continental climates.
10. Life zones are roughly analogous to biomes.

Short answer/Fill in the Blank

1. The plant species in a region is its __________ whereas the form of the plant life is the __________.
2. Temperatures are higher at the equator because __________.
3. Conifers near treeline sometimes adopt a specific growth form known as __________ characterized by __________.
4. __________ (list one) are characteristic animals of arctic tundra.
5. In a climate diagram, regions where the temperature line is higher than the precipitation line are characterized by __________.

Matching

Match the items in the column on the right with the biome on the left.

Biome Feature

tundra young, infertile soil

tropical savanna permafrost

conifer forest scarlet tanager

desert fire disclimax

tropical rain forest winter rains

Mediterranean shrubland old, weathered soils

temperate grassland evaporation exceeds precipitation

temperate deciduous forest solitary trees

Answers:

tundra permafrost

tropical savanna solitary trees

conifer forest young, infertile soil

desert evaporation exceeds precipitation

tropical rain forest old, weathered soils

Mediterranean shrubland winter rains

temperate grassland fire disclimax

temperature deciduous forest scarlet tanager