Exam Prep Human Influences On The Living World Chapter 22

Essentials of The Living World, 6e (Johnson)

Chapter 22 Human Influences on the Living World

1) The increasing concentration of a chemical as it moves through the links in a food chain is called

A) chemical amplification.

B) biological amplification.

C) biological magnification.

D) trophic magnification.

E) trophic amplification.

2) Which of the following was/were effects of DDT that resulted in endangered bird species?

A) sterilization of females

B) fatal liver damage

C) interrupted nesting habitats

D) thin, fragile eggshells

E) killed birds

3) ________ has greatly increased in the atmosphere. This molecule traps infrared light from the sun, contributing to global warming.

A) Sulfur

B) Carbon dioxide

C) Nitrous oxide

D) Potassium chloride

E) Oxygen

4) Which can be affected by warming global climate?

A) rain patterns

B) agriculture

C) sea levels

D) wind patterns

E) All of the answer choices are correct.

5) The trapping of heat in earth's atmosphere by certain gases is called the ________ effect.

A) thermostat

B) global warming

C) greenhouse

D) furnace

E) blanket

6) The single most important factor that causes extinction is

A) species overexploitation.

B) habitat loss.

C) introduced species.

D) chemical amplification.

E) biological magnification.

7) ________ is a method of habitat destruction that involves dividing a habitat into small, isolated areas.

A) Human disruption

B) Fission

C) Displacement

D) Fragmentation

E) Destruction

8) Which drove the passenger pigeon to extinction?

A) overexploitation

B) habitat loss

C) introduced species

D) predation

E) fragmentation

9) Nonreplaceable resources are those resources that, if consumed are destroyed, cannot be replaced. Which of the following is(are) a nonreplaceable resources?

A) biodiversity

B) groundwater

C) topsoil

D) topsoil and biodiversity

E) All of the answer choices are correct.

10) Water that is trapped beneath the soil within porous rock reservoirs is called

A) well water.

B) groundwater.

C) spring water.

D) tap water.

E) mineral water.

11) Which population has benefited from captive propagation efforts?

A) peregrine falcons

B) black rhinos

C) flying foxes

D) brown pelicans

E) passenger pigeons

12) Which is an example of a keystone species?

A) peregrine falcons

B) black rhinos

C) flying foxes

D) brown pelicans

E) passenger pigeons

13) The greatest challenge to conservation biologists when preserving species is

A) food availability.

B) plant restoration.

C) habitat cleanup.

D) lack of genetic diversity.

E) removal of threatening species.

14) How long ago did humans reach North America?

A) between 1,000 and 2,000 years ago

B) between 9,000 to 10,000 years ago

C) between 400 to 500 years ago

D) between 12,000 and 13,000 years ago

E) between 24,000 and 25,000 years ago

15) Approximately ________ of topsoil has been lost since 1950.

A) 10%

B) 50%

C) 75%

D) 25%

E) 15%

16) Damage to an ecosystem usually has only local effects.

17) Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas.

18) Ecological footprint is a measure of a person's ecological impact.

19) We have no control over global warming.

20) Currently, the human population has reached its carrying capacity with the environment.

21) If a person was to drive more and fly less this would decrease the amount of greenhouse gases.

22) A large amounts of air pollution called ________ can accumulate over a city resulting in serious health issues.

23) Chlorinated hydrocarbons found in a chemical called ________ threatened U.S. bald eagle and brown pelican populations due to biological magnification.

24) A species that exerts a particularly strong influence on its ecosystem is called a(n) ________ species.

25) An increase in the rate of extinction is the heart of the ________ crisis.

26) The removal of the Nile Perch from Lake Victoria to revive the cichlid fish is an example of ________ restoration.

27) In 2017, the world's population had reached approximately

A) 5 billion.

B) 9 million.

C) 7 billion.

D) 10 million.

E) 25 billion.

28) Currently, the world's growing population is not a concern because the number of deaths are equaling the number of deaths each day.

29) The changes that occurred in the early ________, resulted in cures to diseases, improvement to homes, and an increased food supply, causing a great increase in the world's population.

30) Marion Stoddart led the committee to clean up the ________ River.

31) Describe W. T. Edmondson's observations and concerns that led to the cleanup action of Lake Washington.