Chapter 23 The Animal Body And How It Moves Test Bank

Essentials of The Living World, 6e (Johnson)

Chapter 23 The Animal Body and How It Moves

1) The body contains 11 different organ systems. The ________ system is responsible for secreting the hormones that help integrate the body's activities.

A) integumentary

B) nervous

C) circulatory

D) endocrine

E) muscular

2) The organ system of the human body that removes metabolic wastes from the bloodstream is the ________ system.

A) digestive

B) urinary

C) lymphatic

D) respiratory

E) endocrine

3) ________ is only a single cell layer thick and lines the major body cavities.

A) Columnar epithelium

B) Simple epithelium

C) Cuboidal epithelium

D) Stratified epithelium

E) Fibrous tissue

4) ________ are a type of connective tissue cell that secrete proteins, especially collagen, and are active in wound healing.

A) Cartilage cells

B) Erythrocytes

C) Fibroblasts

D) Bone cells

E) Lymphocytes

5) ________ is a type of connective tissue that stores fat.

A) Adipose

B) Blood

C) Bone

D) Cartilage

E) Osteoblast

6) Muscle cells contain unique contractible protein fibers called

A) tropomyosins.

B) myofilaments.

C) collagen fibers.

D) sarcoplasmic reticulums.

E) fibroblasts.

7) The portion of a nerve cell that carries nerve impulses away from the cell is the

A) glia.

B) cell body.

C) dendrite.

D) axon.

E) nucleus.

8) ________ are chemicals secreted into the space between two nerve cells to transmit a message.

A) Neurotransmitters

B) Hormones

C) Synapses

D) Glia

E) Protons

9) ________ are found in soft-bodied invertebrates, such as earthworms and jellyfish.

A) Hydraulic skeletons

B) Exoskeletons

C) Endoskeletons

D) Axial skeletons

E) Appendicular skeletons

10) Choose the bone or set of bones that belong to the appendicular portion of the human skeleton.

A) skull

B) pelvic girdle

C) vertebral column

D) ribs

E) sternum

11) The outer layer of bone that is dense and strong is called

A) the cortex.

B) the medulla.

C) compact bone.

D) spongy bone.

E) cartilage.

12) Which of the following secrete collagen which lay down a matrix of fiber along lines of stress?

A) osteoclasts

B) fibroblasts

C) osteoblasts

D) erythrocytes

E) lymphocytes

13) Muscle contraction occurs because

A) myosin filaments bind to and pull on actin filaments.

B) actin filaments contact and pull on myosin filaments.

C) actin filaments contact to the glial cells.

D) myosin filaments are stimulated by gap junctions.

E) None of the answer choices are correct.

14) Signals from one neuron to another are transported across the ________, which is the tiny gap between the two.

A) cell body

B) axon

C) synapse

D) gap junction

E) dendrite

15) Myofilament contraction in muscle cells is powered by

A) water.

B) hydroxyapatite.

C) collagen.

D) ATP.

E) a sodium pump.

16) Which of the following is not a class of tissue?

A) epithelial

B) connective

C) spongy

D) muscle

E) nerve

17) Which organ system covers the body and includes skin, hair, and nails?

A) integumentary

B) endocrine

C) skeletal

D) circulatory

E) digestive

18) Stratified epithelium is found

A) in the nervous tissue.

B) in the glands.

C) on the skin.

D) lining the cavities of the body.

E) in the heart.

19) Cuboidal epithelium is found in the

A) glands.

B) mouth.

C) stomach.

D) capillary walls.

E) All of the answer choices are correct.

20) If you were asked to make a list of examples of connective tissue, which of the following would you exclude?

A) blood

B) bone

C) macrophages

D) adipose

E) neurons

21) Which type of muscle is required for walking and lifting objects?

A) smooth

B) cardiac

C) skeletal

D) smooth and cardiac

E) All of the answer choices are correct.

22) In the heart, ________ provide channels for electrical impulses to pass from cell to cell.

A) pores

B) gap junctions

C) tight junctions

D) synapses

E) axons

23) Different skeletal systems vary between types of animals. For example, an earthworm has a(n) ________, while an echinoderm has a(n) ________.

A) hydraulic skeleton; endoskeleton

B) endoskeleton; hydraulic skeleton

C) exoskeleton; endoskeleton

D) hydraulic skeleton; exoskeleton

E) exoskeleton; hydraulic skeleton

24) In human skeletal system, there are ________ bones in the axial skeleton, which includes the skull, spine, and rib cage.

A) 206

B) 126

C) 100

D) 80

E) 66

25) In the vertebrate muscular system, the quadriceps is the other name for

A) upper arm muscles.

B) calf muscles.

C) thigh muscles.

D) shoulder muscles.

E) back muscles.

26) All types of muscle contain actin and myosin myofilaments.

27) Blood cells are a type of connective tissue.

28) Muscles are attached to bones by dense connective tissue called cartilage.

29) Sweat glands are part of the endocrine system.

30) Muscles can only move in a pushing action.

31) Groups of the same type of cells that are organized together form ________. These are the structural and functional units of the vertebrate body.

32) Several different tissues grouped together into a larger structural and functional unit is called a(n) ________.

33) You observe an animal with a rigid, exterior scaffold that surrounds its body. This organism has a(n) ________.

34) Cartilage is a type of ________ tissue.

35) You are identifying different types of connective tissue on an exam. You are shown a picture of red blood cells, but you know another correct answer for this would be ________.

36) The special type of muscle found only in the heart is called ________ muscle.

37) A ________ is a nerve cell that transmits nerve impulses throughout the body.

38) When the ________ muscle of the leg contracts, the lower leg is moved closer to the thigh.

39) Describe the nature and function of connective tissues.

40) List the two principal types of cells of the immune system, and describe their functions.

41) Explain the sliding filament model of muscle contraction.

42) Compare muscle fiber, myofibril, and myofilament.

43) What of the following best describes the first step in muscle contraction?

A) ATP binds to the myosin head.

B) The myosin head attaches to actin.

C) The actin filament is advanced by the flexing of the myosin head.

D) The myosin head is released from the actin filament.

E) ATP is produced by the movement of the actin filament.

44) During muscle contraction, ATP powers

A) the addition of the myosin head to the actin filament.

B) the release of the myosin head from the actin filament.

C) the advancement of the actin filament.

D) the movement of the myosin head on the actin filament.

E) All of the answer choices are correct.

45) The contractile unit that consists of the two Z lines, and the actin and myosin filaments is called a(n) ________.