Chapter 16: Health and Medicine

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. Mental, physical, and social well-being are characteristics of which of the following?

a. social psychology

b. health

c. medicine

d. illness

Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain sociological definitions of health and medicine.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sociological Definitions of Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Which statement is true of health?

a. Health is merely the absence of illness.

b. Excellent health can be achieved in purely physical terms.

c. In addition to an absence of illness, health encompasses a positive sense of well-being.

d. Health is an institutionalized system for the scientific diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of illness.

Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain sociological definitions of health and medicine.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sociological Definitions of Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. Which of the following organizations puts forth a definition of health that speaks to multidimensional well-being?

a. U.S. Food and Drug Administration

b. the United Nations

c. the Red Cross

d. the World Health Organization

Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain sociological definitions of health and medicine.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sociological Definitions of Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Which field focuses on identifying and treating the physiological and psychological conditions of the individual?

a. health

b. illness

c. medicine

d. public health

Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain sociological definitions of health and medicine.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sociological Definitions of Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Which field places an emphasis on a healthy lifestyle that will avoid poor health before it occurs?

a. psychology

b. health

c. biology

d. preventive medicine

Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain sociological definitions of health and medicine.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sociological Definitions of Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. Which of the following is the best example of preventive medicine?

a. A man goes to his doctor after experiencing persistent lower back pain.

b. A woman goes to the emergency room after breaking her arm.

c. A man gets a typhoid vaccine before traveling to India.

d. A woman goes to a health clinic because she exhibits flu symptoms.

Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain sociological definitions of health and medicine.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Sociological Definitions of Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Hard

7. Seong lives in an area with no restaurants or public parks nearby. His apartment is old and may contain asbestos. Seong’s situation would fall under which social determinant of health?

a. social and community context

b. neighborhood and built environment

c. economic stability

d. health and health care

Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain sociological definitions of health and medicine.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Sociological Definitions of Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Hard

8. Esen loses her job, and therefore loses not only her income but her health insurance, as well. Now she is concerned about the cost of the cholesterol medication she has to take daily. Esen’s situation reflects the importance of which social determinant of health?

a. education

b. economic stability

c. social and community context

d. neighborhood and built environment

Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain sociological definitions of health and medicine.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Sociological Definitions of Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Hard

9. Which statement reflects the importance of education as a social determinant of health?

a. Many Americans have no savings and could not afford life-saving medical procedures.

b. Many Americans live in “food deserts,” areas without easy access to nutritious food.

c. Many Americans were never taught how to read and interpret nutrition labels.

d. Many Americans are insured through their employers; job loss would mean loss of insurance, as well.

Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain sociological definitions of health and medicine.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Sociological Definitions of Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. Which of the following sociologists introduced the concept of the “sick role”?

a. Max Weber

b. Talcott Parsons

c. Karl Marx

d. Erving Goffman

Learning Objective: 16.2: Describe the sociological importance of the sick role, the social construction of illness, and stigma.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Sick Role

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. Which statement is true of the “sick role”?

a. Performance of the sick role is similar in countries around the world.

b. Most of the people performing a sick role are not sick.

c. The sick role is only adequate for a mental illness.

d. The sick role is a social role and can be likened to front stage behavior.

Learning Objective: 16.2: Describe the sociological importance of the sick role, the social construction of illness, and stigma.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Sick Role

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. A person calls out of work claiming to have a fever. However, later that day, their boss runs into them at a restaurant. In sociological terms, why might this encounter put strain on the boss–employee relationship?

a. The employee is not adequately performing the sick role.

b. The employee failed to pursue preventive medicine.

c. The employee now has the stigma of illness attached to them.

d. The employee has required spending from the employer’s health insurance.

Learning Objective: 16.2: Describe the sociological importance of the sick role, the social construction of illness, and stigma.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Sick Role

Difficulty Level: Hard

13. The theories of Talcott Parsons reflect which theoretical perspective regarding social life?

a. functionalist perspective

b. conflict perspective

c. symbolic interactionist perspective

d. feminist perspective

Learning Objective: 16.2: Describe the sociological importance of the sick role, the social construction of illness, and stigma.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Sick Role

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. Which of the following is true of the sick role, according to Talcott Parsons?

a. The role pressures sick people to participate in social responsibilities and other normal social roles.

b. Society usually holds a sick person accountable for their illness.

c. The sick person has no obligations whatsoever.

d. Failure to seek help can mean that others refuse to confer the benefits of the sick role.

Learning Objective: 16.2: Describe the sociological importance of the sick role, the social construction of illness, and stigma.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Sick Role

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. Talcott Parsons’s conception of the sick role is reminiscent of the ideas of which sociologist about humans as actors on a social stage?

a. Bourdieu

b. Goffman

c. Durkheim

d. Foucault

Learning Objective: 16.2: Describe the sociological importance of the sick role, the social construction of illness, and stigma.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Sick Role

Difficulty Level: Medium

16. Parsons model of the sick role emphasizes the fact that the sick role is determined in which way?

a. biologically

b. culturally

c. scientifically

d. economically

Learning Objective: 16.2: Describe the sociological importance of the sick role, the social construction of illness, and stigma.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Social Construction of Illness, Labeling, and Stigma

Difficulty Level: Easy

17. In the middle of the 20th century, people addicted to alcohol were widely viewed as which of the following?

a. mentally ill

b. suffering from a disease

c. deserving of sympathy

d. weak and of questionable character

Learning Objective: 16.2: Describe the sociological importance of the sick role, the social construction of illness, and stigma.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Social Construction of Illness, Labeling, and Stigma

Difficulty Level: Easy

18. The broad acceptance of alcoholism as a disease has allowed alcoholics to ______ the sick role.

a. reject

b. avoid

c. adopt

d. redefine

Learning Objective: 16.2: Describe the sociological importance of the sick role, the social construction of illness, and stigma.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Social Construction of Illness, Labeling, and Stigma

Difficulty Level: Medium

19. Which statement is true about the sick role?

a. Society grants the sick role to anyone with an officially diagnosed condition.

b. The sick role has historically been granted to those who struggle with substance abuse.

c. Someone addicted to drugs is less likely to be granted the sick role than someone addicted to alcohol.

d. The sick role, once granted, is permanent.

Learning Objective: 16.2: Describe the sociological importance of the sick role, the social construction of illness, and stigma.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Social Construction of Illness, Labeling, and Stigma

Difficulty Level: Medium

20. Which of the following diseases is most likely to be labeled as deviance?

a. drug addiction

b. alcoholism

c. diabetes

d. lupus

Learning Objective: 16.2: Describe the sociological importance of the sick role, the social construction of illness, and stigma.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Social Construction of Illness, Labeling, and Stigma

Difficulty Level: Easy

21. All activities intended to sustain, help, promote, and enhance health are referred to as what?

a. the sick role

b. preventive medicine

c. health care

d. government benefits

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sociological Approaches to Health Care in the United States

Difficulty Level: Easy

22. Which federal agency enforces and attempts to maintain the public safety of workers?

a. Food and Drug Administration

b. Occupational Safety and Health Administration

c. Department of the Interior

d. General Services Administration

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Health and Public Safety Issues

Difficulty Level: Easy

23. Which statement is true of the health and public safety record of the United States?

a. The U.S. government spends relatively little money on the construction of safe highways, providing clean drinking water, and eliminating or reducing air and ground pollution.

b. Working conditions are generally unregulated.

c. Seat belt laws have been shown to reduce injuries and fatalities in road accidents.

d. The United States has the highest rate of gun violence in the world.

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Health and Public Safety Issues

Difficulty Level: Medium

24. Which statement is true of gun violence in the United States?

a. Black men are 13 times more likely to be killed by gun violence than white men.

b. Homicides due to gun violence are the leading cause of death among women.

c. Incidences of homicides due to gun violence are two times higher in the United States than in other developed nations.

d. The United States has the highest rate of gun violence in the world.

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Health and Public Safety Issues

Difficulty Level: Medium

25. Which population is disproportionately affected by domestic violence?

a. European Americans

b. women

c. adults over age 65

d. the highly educated

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Health and Public Safety Issues

Difficulty Level: Easy26. In the fall of 2010, the U.S. Census Bureau reported that more than 16% of people in the United States were without health insurance, a 23-year high. Which of the following was a key source of the decline in coverage?

a. the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act

b. the Great Recession

c. a decline in unemployment

d. the eradication of Medicaid

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Access to Health Care

Difficulty Level: Medium27. Which of the following is true of health insurance in the United States?

a. Most adults get health insurance coverage from the government.

b. Most adults get health insurance coverage from their employers.

c. Most adults pay for their own health insurance.

d. Most adults do not have health insurance coverage.

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Access to Health Care

Difficulty Level: Medium28. Which of the following is an insurance program that covers most of those aged 65 and over and some younger people with disabilities?

a. Medicare

b. Medicaid

c. Obamacare

d. SNAP Benefits

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Access to Health Care

Difficulty Level: Easy29. Which of the following is a shared federal and state insurance program that provides coverage for many poor adults and children?

a. Medicare

b. Medicaid

c. Obamacare

d. SNAP Benefits

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Access to Health Care

Difficulty Level: Easy30. Which of the following is a contemporary issue related to Medicare?

a. The changing labor market and economic structure favors part-time or contractual employment.

b. The aging population will have an effect on the nation’s need for health-care dollars and resources.

c. The comprehensiveness of coverage and eligibility standards vary from state to state.

d. Some earn too little to afford self-coverage but too much to qualify for government health coverage.

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Access to Health Care

Difficulty Level: Medium31. Which of the following was created in the late 1990s in an attempt to cover more uninsured children?

a. Medicare

b. Medicaid

c. Administration for Children and Families

d. Children’s Health Insurance Program

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Access to Health Care

Difficulty Level: Easy32. Which statement is true of the Affordable Care Act (ACA)?

a. It allows insurance companies to deny coverage to people with preexisting conditions.

b. It has been widely accepted by both major political parties.

c. It makes coverage less accessible.

d. It allows people up to age 26 to remain on their parents’ health insurance policies.

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Access to Health Care

Difficulty Level: Easy33. Which statement is true of health care in the United States?

a. The country spends less per capita on health care than most economically developed states and, as a result, many of its health indicators compare poorly to those of its peers.

b. The country spends less per capita on health care than most economically developed states, but many of its health indicators compare favorably to those of its peers.

c. The country spends more per capita on health care than most economically developed states and, as a result, many of its health indicators compare favorably to those of its peers.

d. The country spends more per capita on health care than most economically developed states, but many of its health indicators compare poorly to those of its peers.

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Access to Health Care

Difficulty Level: Medium

34. Lower-income people are more likely to live in areas that have high levels of ______, which raises their risks of asthma, heart disease, and cancer.

a. unemployment

b. lead paint

c. violence

d. air pollution

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Intersecting Social Inequalities in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Easy

35. Which statement is true of people whose incomes fall below the poverty threshold?

a. They are more likely to be exposed to lead paint.

b. They are less likely to be exposed to violence.

c. They are more likely to have a healthy diet.

d. They are less likely to suffer from intimate partner violence.

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Intersecting Social Inequalities in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Medium

36. Which statement is true of the health of people whose incomes fall below the poverty threshold?

a. They are less likely to perceive the symptoms of illness as requiring medical attention.

b. They are as likely to perceive the symptoms of illness as requiring medical attention as other people.

c. They are more likely to perceive the symptoms of illness as requiring medical attention.

d. They almost always perceive the symptoms of illness as requiring medical attention.

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Intersecting Social Inequalities in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Medium

37. Which of the following groups in the United States has the highest infant mortality rate?

a. Black women

b. Hispanic women

c. Asian women

d. white women

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Intersecting Social Inequalities in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Easy

38. Which of the following groups in the United States has the highest life expectancy?

a. white women

b. Black women

c. Hispanic women

d. Native American women

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Intersecting Social Inequalities in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Easy

39. Which of the following groups in the United States has the lowest life expectancy?

a. Asian men

b. Hispanic men

c. White men

d. Black men

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Intersecting Social Inequalities in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Easy

40. Which statement is true of the life expectancy of Hispanic women and men?

a. It is lower than the life expectancy of Black women and men.

b. It is lower than the life expectancy of white women and men, but higher than the life expectancy of Black women and men.

c. It is about the same as the life expectancy of white women and men.

d. It is higher than the life expectancy of white women and men.

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Intersecting Social Inequalities in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Medium

41. Which statement articulates the hypothesis regarding the relatively high life expectancy of Hispanic women and men?

a. Hispanic families and communities are less likely to be poor than their white counterparts.

b. The healthy migrant effect suggests that immigrants are less likely to be from the fraction of a population that is in ill health.

c. The “salmon bias” suggests that Latinx individuals eat a more healthful diet.

d. They do not suffer from prejudice and discrimination.

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Intersecting Social Inequalities in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Medium

42. Which term refers to the science and practice of health protection and maintenance at a community level?

a. public science

b. public health

c. community medicine

d. preventive medicine

Learning Objective: 16.4: Identify four public health problems in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sociology and Issues of Public Health in the United States

Difficulty Level: Easy

43. Which of the following is the number one cause of preventable death in the United States?

a. obesity

b. homicide

c. tobacco use

d. AIDS

Learning Objective: 16.4: Identify four public health problems in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Smoking

Difficulty Level: Easy

44. What is the definition of morbidity?

a. the rate of birth in a particular population

b. the rate of illness in a particular population

c. the rate of death in a particular population

d. the life expectancy in a particular population

Learning Objective: 16.4: Identify four public health problems in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Smoking

Difficulty Level: Easy

45. What is the definition of mortality?

a. the rate of birth in a particular population

b. the rate of illness in a particular population

c. the rate of death in a particular population

d. the life expectancy in a particular population

Learning Objective: 16.4: Identify four public health problems in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Smoking

Difficulty Level: Easy

46. Which of the following is true of smoking?

a. The smoking rate continues to drop.

b. Young men are the fastest-growing population of new smokers.

c. More women than men smoke.

d. The government stringently regulates the production and sale of tobacco.

Learning Objective: 16.4: Identify four public health problems in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Smoking

Difficulty Level: Medium

47. Which theorist would highlight the way in which a cigarette may be perceived as being cool or rebellious to a teen?

a. a functionalist theorist

b. a conflict theorist

c. a symbolic interactionist

d. a feminist theorist

Learning Objective: 16.4: Identify four public health problems in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Smoking

Difficulty Level: Medium

48. Which of the following is a factor in the rise in obesity?

a. Families in the United States eat more meals at home than in the past.

b. The portions that diners are offered in restaurants are increasing in size.

c. Federal food subsidies for food production favor the growing of vegetables and fruits.

d. The government has failed to publish nutrition guidelines.

Learning Objective: 16.4: Identify four public health problems in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Obesity

Difficulty Level: Medium

49. According to physician and scientist Deborah A. Cohen, which of the following is a key component to what she terms an “obesogenic environment”?

a. a scarcity of cheap food

b. the expansion of food advertising

c. a lack of government nutrition guidelines

d. genetic predisposition to weight gain

Learning Objective: 16.4: Identify four public health problems in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Obesity

Difficulty Level: Medium

50. Which theorist would be most likely to ask the question: “How does the advertising industry benefit from obesity?”

a. a functionalist theorist

b. a conflict theorist

c. a symbolic interactionist

d. a feminist theorist

Learning Objective: 16.4: Identify four public health problems in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Obesity

Difficulty Level: Medium

51. Which statement is true about pregnancy and births among teenagers?

a. The rate of teenage girls giving birth has increased considerably in recent decades.

b. The United States has lower rates of teen motherhood than other economically advanced countries.

c. Poverty is considered a risk factor in teen pregnancy.

d. Poor and young mothers have a high degree of agency.

Learning Objective: 16.4: Identify four public health problems in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Teen Pregnancy

Difficulty Level: Medium

52. Which of the following is associated with teenage pregnancy?

a. lower rates of pregnancy complications

b. lower rates of stillborn, low-weight, or medically fragile infants

c. lower rates of poverty

d. lower rates of high school completion

Learning Objective: 16.4: Identify four public health problems in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Teen Pregnancy

Difficulty Level: Easy53. According to Pew Research, 90% of residents in which types of areas identify “drug addiction” as a problem in their community?

a. northern cities

b. coastal regions

c. suburbs

d. rural areas

Learning Objective: 16.4: Identify four public health problems in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Opioid Addiction

Difficulty Level: Easy

54. Kent lives in a former mining town in rural Ohio and is being treated for his addiction to heroin, which progressed from an initial addiction to OxyContin. Which of the following events would have most likely resulted in Kent’s introduction to the opioid OxyContin?

a. years spent living in a large metropolitan area

b. spending time with friends who use marijuana

c. attending a college party with drugs

d. physician prescription following workplace injury

Learning Objective: 16.4: Identify four public health problems in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Opioid Addiction

Difficulty Level: Hard

55. In 2016, in which of the following regions did the number of new HIV infections decline?

a. Eastern and Southern Africa

b. Eastern and Central Europe

c. North Africa

d. Middle East

Learning Objective: 16.5: Discuss HIV/AIDS as a sociological concern.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Sociology of HIV/AIDS

Difficulty Level: Easy

56. Among which group is HIV/AIDS spreading surprisingly rapidly?

a. men and boys in Southeast Asia

b. women and girls in Central America

c. men and boys in Western Europe

d. women and girls in sub-Saharan Africa

Learning Objective: 16.5: Discuss HIV/AIDS as a sociological concern.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: HIV/AIDS and Gender and Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Easy

57. Globally, women’s risk of contracting HIV/AIDS is positively correlated with what?

a. preventive medicine

b. domestic violence

c. health literacy

d. late marriage

Learning Objective: 16.5: Discuss HIV/AIDS as a sociological concern.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: HIV/AIDS and Gender and Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

58. Which of the following transgender groups have significantly higher rates of HIV infections?

a. white transgender men

b. white transgender women

c. Hispanic transgender men

d. transgender women of color

Learning Objective: 16.5: Discuss HIV/AIDS as a sociological concern.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: HIV/AIDS and Gender and Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

59. Which of the following diseases is rising in incidence after having fallen quite low in previous decades?

a. tetanus

b. whooping cough

c. measles

d. smallpox

Learning Objective: 16.6: Understand the relationship between globalization and public health.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Global Issues in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Easy

60. According to the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which disease is almost 99% eradicated?

a. malaria

b. measles

c. HIV/AIDS

d. polio

Learning Objective: 16.6: Understand the relationship between globalization and public health.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Global Issues in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Easy61. Why has armed conflict in Venezuela led to a rise in measles and diphtheria?

a. Conflict interrupted vaccination systems that had been in place.

b. Militia members often carried diphtheria without realizing it.

c. Soldiers weaponized the diseases and spread them purposefully.

d. The diseases spread from the casualties of the conflict.

Learning Objective: 16.6: Understand the relationship between globalization and public health.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Global Issues in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Medium

62. Which statement is true of malaria?

a. The most vulnerable populations are farmers in Asia, which has the most malaria deaths.

b. International and national donors have largely ignored the disease.

c. There is a stigma associated with taking malaria medication.

d. According to some estimates, malaria threatens half the global population.

Learning Objective: 16.6: Understand the relationship between globalization and public health.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Global Issues in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Medium63. Which disease has been called “the most severe public health problem worldwide”?

a. polio

b. whooping cough

c. malaria

d. measles

Learning Objective: 16.6: Understand the relationship between globalization and public health.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Global Issues in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Easy64. Which region has the most malaria deaths?

a. Asia

b. Australia

c. South America

d. sub-Saharan Africa

Learning Objective: 16.6: Understand the relationship between globalization and public health.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Global Issues in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Easy65. Which condition has been overlooked as a global health threat worldwide?

a. malaria

b. HIV/AIDS

c. tuberculosis

d. heart disease

Learning Objective: 16.6: Understand the relationship between globalization and public health.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Global Issues in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Medium66. Which of the following is a chronic disease that increasingly threatens the developing world?

a. measles

b. malaria

c. cancer

d. HIV/AIDS

Learning Objective: 16.6: Understand the relationship between globalization and public health.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Global Issues in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Medium67. Which statement is true of the developing world?

a. There has been a dramatic rise in obesity.

b. Obesity has declined significantly over the past 10 years.

c. In Africa, only about 1% of adults are obese.

d. About 10% of the adult populations of Brazil and Russia are overweight.

Learning Objective: 16.6: Understand the relationship between globalization and public health.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Global Issues in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Medium68. Which of the following is a factor contributing to the rise in obesity in the developing world?

a. decreasing incomes in many parts of the developing world

b. economic changes that shift work from sedentary labor to physical labor

c. the movement of fast-food restaurants into new regions

d. food subsidies that favor meat and dairy production

Learning Objective: 16.6: Understand the relationship between globalization and public health.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Global Issues in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Easy69. Which of the following is one of the main drivers of chronic disease globally?

a. alcohol use

b. wasting

c. opioid addiction

d. smoking

Learning Objective: 16.6: Understand the relationship between globalization and public health.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Global Issues in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Easy70. Which term refers to a community where people work together to reduce danger from large-scale biological, environmental, or military (nuclear) threats?

a. preventive medicine

b. risk society

c. public health

d. health care

Learning Objective: 16.6: Understand the relationship between globalization and public health.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Global Issues in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Easy

True/False

1. “Health” can be adequately defined as the absence of illness.

Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain sociological definitions of health and medicine.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Sociological Definitions of Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Education is perceived as a social determinant of health.

Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain sociological definitions of health and medicine.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sociological Definitions of Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. The “sick role” can be likened to front stage behavior.

Learning Objective: 16.2: Describe the sociological importance of the sick role, the social construction of illness, and stigma.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Sociological Definitions of Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Someone addicted to alcohol is more likely than someone addicted to drugs to be denied the sick role.

Learning Objective: 16.2: Describe the sociological importance of the sick role, the social construction of illness, and stigma.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Social Construction of Illness, Labeling, and Stigma

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. The Medicaid program in the United States is meant for the elderly population.

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Access to Health Care

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. Morbidity reflects the death rate in a particular country.

Learning Objective: 16.4: Identify four public health problems in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Smoking

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. In the United States, opioid addition is still rampant.

Learning Objective: 16.4: Identify four public health problems in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Opioid Addiction

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. Ninety percent of new HIV/AIDS infections are diagnosed among men.

Learning Objective: 16.5: Discuss HIV/AIDS as a sociological concern.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: HIV/AIDS and Gender and Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Up to half of the women in the world may experience violence from a domestic partner at some point in their lives.

Learning Objective: 16.6: Understand the relationship between globalization and public health.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: HIV/AIDS and Gender and Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Malaria is a threat to half of the global population.

Learning Objective: 16.6: Understand the relationship between globalization and public health.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Global Issues in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Easy

Short Answer

1. Briefly discuss the five sociological social determinants of health and explain why they are important.

Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain sociological definitions of health and medicine.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Sociological Definitions of Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. What is preventive medicine and why is it important?

Learning Objective: 16.1: Explain sociological definitions of health and medicine.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Sociological Definitions of Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Discuss Parsons’s “sick role” and evaluate its importance when studying the sociology of health.

Learning Objective: 16.2: Describe the sociological importance of the sick role, the social construction of illness, and stigma.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Sick Role

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Discuss the similarities and differences of Medicaid and Medicare.

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Access to Health Care

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Discuss why Hispanic men and women in the United States have a higher life expectancy compared to Black and white Americans.

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Intersecting Social Inequalities in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. Identify three factors associated with an obesogenic environment.

Learning Objective: 16.4: Identify four public health problems in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Obesity

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Why are deaths due to opioids called “deaths of despair”?

Learning Objective: 16.4: Identify four public health problems in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Opioid Addiction

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. In sub-Saharan Africa, why would marriage be a risk factor for women in terms of contracting HIV/AIDS?

Learning Objective: 16.5: Discuss HIV/AIDS as a sociological concern.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: HIV/AIDS and Gender and Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Discuss and analyze the factors that are associated with smoking in China.

Learning Objective: 16.6: Understand the relationship between globalization and public health.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Global Issues in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. Use the example of the COVID-19 pandemic to explain the relationship between globalization and public health.

Learning Objective: 16.6: Understand the relationship between globalization and public health.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Global Issues in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Hard

Essay

1. How is enacting the “sick role” also considered front stage behavior in the context of interactions with medical professionals and others?

Learning Objective: 16.2: Describe the sociological importance of the sick role, the social construction of illness, and stigma.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Sick Role

Difficulty Level: Hard

2. Discuss the social construction of illness in the context of drug use.

Learning Objective: 16.2: Describe the sociological importance of the sick role, the social construction of illness, and stigma.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Social Construction of Illness, Labeling, and Stigma

Difficulty Level: Hard

3. Discuss the arguments of the supporters and opponents of the Obama administration’s Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA).

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Access to Health Care

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Discuss the health care system in the United States in terms of the conflict perspective.

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Access to Health Care

Difficulty Level: Hard

5. Discuss the role of race, gender, and class in relation to violence and public health.

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Health and Public Safety Issues / The Sociology of HIV/AIDS

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. Discuss infant mortality and low birth weight among Black women in the United States.

Learning Objective: 16.3: Recognize key issues in health care in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Intersecting Social Inequalities in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Describe the four major public health issues in the United States and explain why these are problematic in terms of public health.

Learning Objective: 16.4: Identify four public health problems in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Sociology and Issues of Public Health in the United States

Difficulty Level: Hard

8. Apply a sociological lens to the issue of obesity in the United States. What contributes to this issue socially?

Learning Objective: 16.4: Identify four public health problems in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Global Issues in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Discuss and explain the factors associated with the opioid crisis in the United States.

Learning Objective: 16.4: Identify four public health problems in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Opioid Addiction

Difficulty Level: Medium10. Discuss and explain the relationship between AIDS and poverty on a global level.

Learning Objective: 16.5: Discuss HIV/AIDS as a sociological concern.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Global Issues in Health and Medicine

Difficulty Level: Medium