Chapter 14: The State, War, and Terror

Test Bank

Multiple Choice1. Broadly speaking, which term describes a political authority?

a. nation

b. tribe

c. law

d. state

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Modern State

Difficulty Level: Easy2. Which term describes a group of people who pledge allegiance to a given political authority?

a. nation

b. state

c. tribe

d. law

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Modern State

Difficulty Level: Medium3. Which term refers to a single people governed by a political authority?

a. nation-state

b. democracy

c. republic

d. territory

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Modern State

Difficulty Level: Easy4. Which of the following is true of countries and nation-states?

a. The terms country and nation-state are synonymous.

b. Nearly all countries fit the model of a nation-state.

c. Very few countries fit the model of a nation-state.

d. Unlike nation-state, the term country implies homogeneity.

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Modern State

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Which sociologist applied an ideal-typical model to characterize nation-states?

a. Max Weber

b. Karl Marx

c. Charlotte Perkins Gillman

d. W. E. B. Du Bois

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Modern State

Difficulty Level: Easy6. The codified rules of behavior established by a government and backed by threat of force is known as a system of ______.

a. state

b. law

c. hegemony

d. welfare

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Modern State

Difficulty Level: Easy7. Which term refers to people who live in a given country, are a part of a political community, and are granted rights, privileges, obligations, and duties tied to that country?

a. refugees

b. immigrants

c. citizens

d. migrants

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Modern State

Difficulty Level: Easy8. Which term refers to people living in nations where they are temporary or permanent residents who do not hold the full rights and privileges granted to others?

a. noncitizens

b. racial groups

c. bourgeoisie

d. nationals

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Modern State

Difficulty Level: Easy9. Which type of rights protect citizens from injury by person or institution, including the right to be treated equally regardless of race, class, gender, disability, or sexual orientation?

a. social

b. human

c. civil

d. political

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Modern State

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Which type of rights ensure that citizens can participate in governance, such as voting or running for office?

a. civil

b. political

c. social

d. human

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Modern State

Difficulty Level: Easy11. The right to a fair trial is an example of which kind of right?

a. civil

b. social

c. political

d. economic

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Modern State

Difficulty Level: Hard12. Which type of right is social security?

a. civil

b. social

c. political

d. human

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Modern State

Difficulty Level: Easy13. Medicaid, a federal health insurance program, is an example of which type of right?

a. civil

b. social

c. political

d. human

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Modern State

Difficulty Level: Hard14. A minimum wage for workers is an example of which type of right?

a. civil

b. social

c. political

d. welfare

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Welfare State

Difficulty Level: Hard15. Which statement is true of most modern countries?

a. Political and civil rights evolved and were institutionalized before social rights were realized.

b. Social rights evolved and were institutionalized before political and civil rights were realized.

c. The category of social rights is narrow.

d. Political rights are often embodied in what is termed the welfare state.

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Welfare State

Difficulty Level: Easy16. Which type of state involves a political order that is characterized by social and economic funding and provides benefits for citizens?

a. civil state

b. political state

c. welfare state

d. legal state

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Welfare State

Difficulty Level: Easy17. In which type of state are social rights embodied?

a. modern state

b. democratic state

c. welfare state

d. political state

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Welfare State

Difficulty Level: Easy18. Which of the following is an example of the U.S. welfare state?

a. the bicameral legislature

b. the rights of the accused

c. Medicaid

d. the Electoral College

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Welfare State

Difficulty Level: Hard19. Which statement is true of the welfare state?

a. The welfare state has been part of Western systems of governance since the Industrial Revolution.

b. The welfare state has long been a hallmark of developing countries.

c. Most developing states have strong social safety nets.

d. The welfare state is shrinking rather than expanding.

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Welfare State

Difficulty Level: Medium20. Which statement is true of political rights and civil liberties in the United States?

a. The United States earns a low score in Freedom House’s survey.

b. Disenfranchisement is proportionate by race.

c. Southeastern states have the highest rates of disenfranchisement.

d. Texas has the highest rate of felony disenfranchisement.

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Political Rights and Civil Liberties

Difficulty Level: Medium

21. Which of the following groups is incarcerated at a significantly higher rate than other groups?

a. Asian Americans

b. Latinx Americans

c. White Americans

d. African Americans

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Political Rights and Civil Liberties

Difficulty Level: Easy

22. Critics of voter ID laws assert that these laws have which of the following effects?

a. to combat voter fraud

b. to promote voter fraud

c. to protect voter privacy

d. to disenfranchise minorities and the poor

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Political Rights and Civil Liberties

Difficulty Level: Medium

23. Which sociologist viewed the government as an institution that translates broadly shared values and interests into fair-minded laws and effective policies?

a. Max Weber

b. Karl Marx

c. Émile Durkheim

d. George Simmel

Learning Objective: 14.2: Explain theories of state power.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Functionalist Perspective and Pluralist Theory

Difficulty Level: Easy24. Which theory states that power is exercised through the political process, which is dominated by different groups of leaders, each having access to a different amalgamation of political resources?

a. political theory

b. functionalist theory

c. conflict theory

d. pluralist theory

Learning Objective: 14.2: Explain theories of state power.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Functionalist Perspective and Pluralist Theory

Difficulty Level: Easy25. Which theorist is associated with pluralist theory and interest groups?

a. Émile Durkheim

b. Robert Dahl

c. Max Weber

d. Karl Marx

Learning Objective: 14.2: Explain theories of state power.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Functionalist Perspective and Pluralist Theory

Difficulty Level: Easy26. Which type of groups are made up of people who share the same concerns on particular issues and who use their organizational and social resources to influence legislation and the functioning of social institutions?

a. social groups

b. political groups

c. interest groups

d. civil groups

Learning Objective: 14.2: Explain theories of state power.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Functionalist Perspective and Pluralist Theory

Difficulty Level: Easy27. Which of the following is an example of an interest group?

a. the U.S. Senate

b. a manufacturers’ association

c. an extended family

d. a high school football team

Learning Objective: 14.2: Explain theories of state power.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Functionalist Perspective and Pluralist Theory

Difficulty Level: Hard28. When interest groups oppose one another, which theorists would view compromise as the optimal outcome?

a. conflict

b. symbolic interactionist

c. pluralist

d. feminist

Learning Objective: 14.2: Explain theories of state power.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Functionalist Perspective and Pluralist Theory

Difficulty Level: Medium29. Which of the following theories views modern societies as pluralistic, but argues that the interests of social groups are often incompatible with one another?

a. functionalist

b. pluralist

c. conflict

d. symbolic interactionist

Learning Objective: 14.2: Explain theories of state power.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Conflict Perspective and Class Dominance Theory

Difficulty Level: Medium30. Conflict theory is rooted in the ideas of which sociologist?

a. Karl Marx

b. Max Weber

c. G. William Domhoff

d. Émile Durkheim

Learning Objective: 14.2: Explain theories of state power.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Conflict Perspective and Class Dominance Theory

Difficulty Level: Easy

31. Which theory states that groups with greater resources use their power to create systems of law, economy, politics, and education that favor them, their children, and other group members?

a. pluralist

b. conflict

c. functionalist

d. race

Learning Objective: 14.2: Explain theories of state power.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Conflict Perspective and Class Dominance Theory

Difficulty Level: Easy32. Marx believed that the most important sources of social conflict are ______.

a. racial

b. gendered

c. economic

d. functional

Learning Objective: 14.2: Explain theories of state power.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Conflict Perspective and Class Dominance Theory

Difficulty Level: Medium33. People belonging to which theoretical group argue that power is concentrated in the hands of a small group of elites who wield a great deal of influence in societal institutions?

a. symbolic interactionists

b. pluralists

c. functionalists

d. class dominance theorists

Learning Objective: 14.2: Explain theories of state power.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Conflict Perspective and Class Dominance Theory

Difficulty Level: Medium34. Which of the following theorists is associated with class dominance theory?

a. George Simmel

b. Max Weber

c. G. William Domhoff

d. Émile Durkheim

Learning Objective: 14.2: Explain theories of state power.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Conflict Perspective and Class Dominance Theory

Difficulty Level: Easy35. According to Domhoff, which social class benefits, governs, and wins?

a. the working class

b. the middle class

c. the underclass

d. the upper class

Learning Objective: 14.2: Explain theories of state power.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Conflict Perspective and Class Dominance Theory

Difficulty Level: Easy36. Which term did Domhoff use to describe individuals who are linked to the social upper class, the corporate community, and the policy-formation organizations that influence government policy?

a. middle class

b. power elite

c. bourgeoisie

d. proletariat

Learning Objective: 14.2: Explain theories of state power.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Conflict Perspective and Class Dominance Theory

Difficulty Level: Easy

37. Which concept is defined as the threat or use of physical force to ensure compliance?

a. power

b. social control

c. coercion

d. dominance

Learning Objective: 14.3: Identify forms of authority and how they function.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Power and Authority

Difficulty Level: Easy

38. A dictator maintains power over their country by executing any dissidents who gain enough of a following to question the legitimacy of their power. The threat of execution is used to suppress other dissent. This dictator is ruling through ______.

a. class dominance

b. charismatic authority

c. coercion

d. direct democracy

Learning Objective: 14.3: Identify forms of authority and how they function.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Power and Authority

Difficulty Level: Hard39. Which classical sociologist extensively studied types of authority?

a. Marx

b. Durkheim

c. Weber

d. Simmel

Learning Objective: 14.3: Identify forms of authority and how they function.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Power and Authority

Difficulty Level: Easy

40. Power based on a belief in the sanctity of long-standing customs and the legitimate right of rulers to exercise authority in accordance with these customs is known as which of the following?

a. charismatic authority

b. traditional authority

c. rational-legal authority

d. coercion

Learning Objective: 14.3: Identify forms of authority and how they function.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Traditional Authority

Difficulty Level: Easy

41. Which type of ruler claims power on the basis of age-old norms, beliefs, and practices?

a. legitimate

b. contemporary

c. traditional

d. rational-legal

Learning Objective: 14.3: Identify forms of authority and how they function.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Traditional Authority

Difficulty Level: Easy42. Monarchies derive their legitimacy from which of the following?

a. coercion

b. rational-legal authority

c. charismatic authority

d. traditional authority

Learning Objective: 14.3: Identify forms of authority and how they function.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Traditional Authority

Difficulty Level: Medium43. Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, a monarch who inherited her power, is an example of which type of authority?

a. charismatic

b. rational-legal

c. traditional

d. democratic

Learning Objective: 14.3: Identify forms of authority and how they function.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Traditional Authority

Difficulty Level: Hard

44. Which type of authority is built on a belief in the lawfulness of enacted rules (laws) and the legitimate right of leaders to exercise authority under such rules?

a. traditional authority

b. presidential authority

c. rational-legal authority

d. authoritarian authority

Learning Objective: 14.3: Identify forms of authority and how they function.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Rational-Legal Authority

Difficulty Level: Easy

45. Which type of authority is based on devotion inspired in followers by the personal qualities of a leader?

a. elite authority

b. rational-legal authority

c. traditional authority

d. charismatic authority

Learning Objective: 14.3: Identify forms of authority and how they function.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Charismatic Authority

Difficulty Level: Easy

46. Under which system are ordinary members of society denied the right to participate in government, and political power is exercised by and for the benefit of a small political elite?

a. traditional authority

b. authoritarianism

c. democracy

d. charismatic authority

Learning Objective: 14.4: Describe the major forms of state governance in the modern world.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Authoritarianism

Difficulty Level: Easy

47. In which form of governance does power rest in a single individual?

a. direct democracy

b. dictatorship

c. monarchy

d. democracy

Learning Objective: 14.4: Describe the major forms of state governance in the modern world.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Authoritarianism

Difficulty Level: Easy48. Which type of authority denies popular political participation in government and seeks to regulate and control all aspects of the public and private lives of citizens?

a. the power elite

b. totalitarianism

c. monarchy

d. authoritarianism

Learning Objective: 14.4: Describe the major forms of state governance in the modern world.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Authoritarianism

Difficulty Level: Easy49. Under which political system do all citizens fully participate in their own governance?

a. authoritarianism

b. direct democracy

c. representative democracy

d. totalitarianism

Learning Objective: 14.4: Describe the major forms of state governance in the modern world.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Democracy

Difficulty Level: Easy50. In which political system do citizens elect political proxies who are supposed to stand in their place and act in their best interests to govern them?

a. direct democracy

b. representative democracy

c. dictatorship

d. monarchy

Learning Objective: 14.4: Describe the major forms of state governance in the modern world.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Democracy

Difficulty Level: Easy51. Which term refers to the art and science of influencing public policy?

a. authority

b. power

c. politics

d. democracy

Learning Objective: 14.5: Describe key characteristics of the U.S. political system.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The U.S. Political System

Difficulty Level: Easy52. What type of society is structured around competing political parties whose purpose is to gain control of the government by winning elections?

a. democratic societies

b. totalitarian societies

c. authoritarian societies

d. ruling class societies

Learning Objective: 14.5: Describe key characteristics of the U.S. political system.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The U.S. Political System

Difficulty Level: Easy53. Which type of system is most likely to give a significant degree of influence to minority parties?

a. democratic

b. parliamentary

c. representative democracy

d. direct democracy

Learning Objective: 14.5: Describe key characteristics of the U.S. political system.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The U.S. Political System

Difficulty Level: Medium

54. The United States differs from most modern democracies because it ______.

a. allows third parties to field candidates rather than preventing their participation

b. is based on a written document rather than verbal precedent

c. features representative democracy rather than direct democracy

d. features president as head of state rather than a prime minister

Learning Objective: 14.5: Describe key characteristics of the U.S. political system.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Electoral Politics and the Two-Party System

Difficulty Level: Medium55. Which statement is true of voter participation?

a. U.S. citizens are more politically active than citizens of other democracies.

b. Among democracies, the United States scores in the top half when it comes to voter participation.

c. U.S. voter turnouts are among the lowest in the industrialized world.

d. Many European countries typically have low voter turnouts.

Learning Objective: 14.5: Describe key characteristics of the U.S. political system.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Voter Activism and Apathy in U.S. Politics

Difficulty Level: Medium56. The United States employs which type of voting system?

a. winner-takes-all

b. proportional

c. party list

d. single transferable

Learning Objective: 14.5: Describe key characteristics of the U.S. political system.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Voter Activism and Apathy in U.S. Politics

Difficulty Level: Medium57. Small parties that can break a minimum barrier are able to garner at least a small number of seats in which type of voting?

a. proportional

b. active

c. winner-takes-all

d. political

Learning Objective: 14.5: Describe key characteristics of the U.S. political system.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Voter Activism and Apathy in U.S. Politics

Difficulty Level: Easy

58. Which type of organizations are created by groups such as corporations, unions, environmentalists, and other interest groups for the purpose of gathering money and contributing to political candidates that favor the groups’ interests?

a. civil rights organizations

b. nongovernmental organizations

c. political action committees

d. human rights organizations

Learning Objective: 14.5: Describe key characteristics of the U.S. political system.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Power and Politics

Difficulty Level: Easy

59. Which term refers to individuals who are hired by groups to try to influence legislation?

a. interest groups

b. political action committees

c. lobbyists

d. noncitizens

Learning Objective: 14.5: Describe key characteristics of the U.S. political system.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Power and Politics

Difficulty Level: Easy

60. Which type of economy involves an increased demand for industrial production, which stimulates economic productivity and employment?

a. closed economy

b. war economy

c. political economy

d. communist economy

Learning Objective: 14.6: Apply sociological perspectives to understand war and its historical and contemporary functions.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: A Functionalist Perspective on War

Difficulty Level: Easy

61. War has far-reaching effects on family life, which are part of which type of function of war?

a. latent

b. conflict

c. sectarian

d. manifest

Learning Objective: 14.6: Apply sociological perspectives to understand war and its historical and contemporary functions.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: A Functionalist Perspective on War

Difficulty Level: Medium

62. Which of the following is an example of a latent function of war?

a. defeating an enemy

b. fostering national pride

c. gaining territory

d. producing arms

Learning Objective: 14.6: Apply sociological perspectives to understand war and its historical and contemporary functions.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: A Functionalist Perspective on War

Difficulty Level: Hard

63. Which statement exemplifies a functionalist perspective on war?

a. There are winners and losers in every war.

b. War is meant to enrich the powerful at the expense of the weak.

c. Elites are the only people who truly benefit from war.

d. War makes a country’s citizens more proud and patriotic.

Learning Objective: 14.6: Apply sociological perspectives to understand war and its historical and contemporary functions.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: A Functionalist Perspective on War

Difficulty Level: Medium

64. Which perspective on war would ask the following questions: “Who benefits from war? Who loses?”

a. socialist

b. conflict

c. functionalist

d. symbolic interactionist

Learning Objective: 14.6: Apply sociological perspectives to understand war and its historical and contemporary functions.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: A Conflict Perspective on War

Difficulty Level: Medium

65. Violence between religious groups is which type of violence?

a. sectarian violence

b. state violence

c. community violence

d. social violence

Learning Objective: 14.6: Apply sociological perspectives to understand war and its historical and contemporary functions.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: A Conflict Perspective on War

Difficulty Level: Easy

66. According to the conflict perspective, corporations that profited from lucrative government contracts could be considered ______ of the Iraq War.

a. casualties

b. beneficiaries

c. state agents

d. investors

Learning Objective: 14.6: Apply sociological perspectives to understand war and its historical and contemporary functions.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: A Conflict Perspective on War

Difficulty Level: Medium

67. Which statement exemplifies a conflict perspective on war?

a. Traditionally, war was meant to help countries gain territory.

b. Conflict affects the structure of family life.

c. War provides a valuable boost to a country’s economy.

d. There are winners and losers in every war, even among the winning side.

Learning Objective: 14.6: Apply sociological perspectives to understand war and its historical and contemporary functions.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: A Conflict Perspective on War

Difficulty Level: Medium

68. Which example demonstrates that the label of terrorism is subjective?

a. A lone wolf actor carries a weapon into a mall due to undiagnosed mental health problems.

b. The same group carries out terrorist activities both at home and abroad.

c. The U.S. Department of Defense maintains an official list of terrorist-designated groups.

d. One group sees an act of terrorism, while another sees it as necessary to achieve their ends.

Learning Objective: 14.7: Take a sociological perspective on terrorists and terrorism in the modern world.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Who Is a Terrorist?

Difficulty Level: Medium

69. Which statement is true of terrorism?

a. The terms terrorist and terrorism are specific and are understood in similar ways.

b. The terms terrorist and terrorism are subjective.

c. The U.S. government does not maintain a list of terrorist organizations.

d. Terrorism is always international in nature.

Learning Objective: 14.7: Take a sociological perspective on terrorists and terrorism in the modern world.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Who Is a Terrorist?

Difficulty Level: Easy70. Which term refers to the calculated use of violence or the threat of violence to inculcate fear and intimidate governments or societies in the pursuit of specific goals?

a. terrorism

b. genocide

c. cyberterrorism

d. revolution

Learning Objective: 14.7: Take a sociological perspective on terrorists and terrorism in the modern world.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: What Is Terrorism?

Difficulty Level: Easy71. Which term describes, for instance, hacking into government and private computer systems to carry out attacks on the military, financial, and service sectors of advanced economies?

a. Internet security

b. cyberbullying

c. cyberterrorism

d. terrorism

Learning Objective: 14.7: Take a sociological perspective on terrorists and terrorism in the modern world.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: What Is Terrorism?

Difficulty Level: Easy

True/False

1. For most of human history people lived in small homogeneous communities.

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Modern State

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. The modern country is characterized as a nation-state.

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Modern State

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. The welfare state has been a part of Western governments since the post–World War II era.

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Welfare State

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Disenfranchisement is uncommon in the United States.

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Political Rights and Civil Liberties

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Conflict theory highlights the power differences between social groups.

Learning Objective: 14.2: Explain theories of state power.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Conflict Perspective and Class Dominance Theory

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. Members of the power elite are divided in terms of interests and enemies.

Learning Objective: 14.2: Explain theories of state power.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Conflict Perspective and Class Dominance Theory

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Charismatic authority is power based on a belief in laws and the legitimate right of leaders to exercise authority under such laws.

Learning Objective: 14.3: Identify forms of authority and how they function.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Charismatic Authority

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. Two prominent types of authoritarianism are monarchies and dictatorships.

Learning Objective: 14.4: Describe the major forms of state governance in the modern world.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Authoritarianism

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. In the United States the legal voting age is 21 years of age or older.

Learning Objective: 14.5: Describe key characteristics of the U.S. political system.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Voter Activism and Apathy in U.S. Politics

Difficulty Level: Medium10. One person’s terrorist is another person’s freedom fighter.

Learning Objective: 14.7: Take a sociological perspective on terrorists and terrorism in the modern world.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Terrorists and Terrorism

Difficulty Level: Easy

Short Answer

1. Describe three forms of citizenship rights.

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Modern State

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. What is the welfare state and what does it entail?

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Welfare State

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Why is the welfare state shrinking?

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Welfare State

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. How do functionalist theorists conceptualize modern societies?

Learning Objective: 14.2: Explain theories of state power.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Functionalist Perspective and Pluralist Theory

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Which role do interest groups play in the government?

Learning Objective: 14.2: Explain theories of state power.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Functionalist Perspective and Pluralist Theory

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. Briefly discuss class dominance theory and what it says about power indicators.

Learning Objective: 14.2: Explain theories of state power.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Conflict Perspective and Class Dominance Theory

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Explain how a charismatic leader can also be a rational-legal leader and provide an example.

Learning Objective: 14.3: Identify forms of authority and how they function.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Power and Authority

Difficulty Level: Hard

8. Discuss the difference between a dictatorship and a monarchy.

Learning Objective: 14.4: Describe the major forms of state governance in the modern world.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Authoritarianism

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Explain the role of interest groups, political action committees, and lobbyists in public policy and legislation in the United States.

Learning Objective: 14.5: Describe key characteristics of the U.S. political system.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Power and Politics

Difficulty Level: Medium10. From a functionalist perspective, what are the latent functions of war?

Learning Objective: 14.6: Apply sociological perspectives to understand war and its historical and contemporary functions.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: A Functionalist Perspective on War

Difficulty Level: Medium

Essay

1. What are the unique features of a modern state that distinguish it from other political organizations?

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Modern State

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Discuss the difference between political rights, civil rights, and social rights.

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Modern State

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. In the United States, whose voting rights have been disenfranchised and why?

Learning Objective: 14.1: Describe the ideal-typical characteristics of the modern state.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Political Rights and Civil Liberties

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Critique pluralist theorists in terms of their emphasis on interest groups.

Learning Objective: 14.2: Explain theories of state power.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Functionalist Perspective and Pluralist Theory

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. How would symbolic interactionists view voter apathy and how would they study it? Include a discussion of sampling and methods.

Learning Objective: 14.5: Describe key characteristics of the U.S. political system.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Voter Activism and Apathy in U.S. Politics

Difficulty Level: Hard

6. Compare and contrast pluralist theory and conflict theory.

Learning Objective: 14.2: Explain theories of state power.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Conflict Perspective and Class Dominance Theory

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Discuss the difference between traditional authority, charismatic authority, and rational-legal authority and indicate which type of authority would be viewed as the most democratic type of authority.

Learning Objective: 14.3: Identify forms of authority and how they function.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Power and Authority

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. Explain voter apathy in the United States from a conflict perspective.

Learning Objective: 14.5: Describe key characteristics of the U.S. political system.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Voter Activism and Apathy in U.S. Politics

Difficulty Level: Hard

9. Use a functionalist perspective and a conflict perspective to discuss the Iraq war.

Learning Objective: 14.6: Apply sociological perspectives to understand war and its historical and contemporary functions.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: War, State, and Society

Difficulty Level: Hard10. What is meant by the phrase “one person’s terrorist is another person’s freedom fighter”? Provide examples.

Learning Objective: 14.7: Take a sociological perspective on terrorists and terrorism in the modern world.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: What Is Terrorism?

Difficulty Level: Hard