Chapter 30 Reproduction And Development Complete Test Bank

Essentials of The Living World, 6e (Johnson)

Chapter 30 Reproduction and Development

1) A reproductive strategy in which one individual has both testes and ovaries is called

A) fission.

B) hermaphroditism.

C) parthenogenesis.

D) sexual reproduction.

E) budding.

2) In mammals, the SRY gene

A) causes the formation of testes.

B) is passed on by females.

C) is involved in asexual reproduction.

D) is located on the X chromosome.

E) All of the answer choices are correct.

3) Fission is a type of sexual reproduction that results in to genetically different offspring.

4) Human sperm production takes place within the

A) prostate gland.

B) epididymis.

C) vas deferens.

D) seminiferous tubules.

E) seminal vesicle.

5) After spermatogenesis, sperm mature in the

A) seminal vesicle.

B) epididymis.

C) vas deferens.

D) urethra.

E) prostate gland.

6) At birth, a human female's gametes are fully matured egg cells.

7) The part of the body that ultimately controls the female menstrual cycle is the

A) hypothalamus.

B) anterior pituitary.

C) ovaries.

D) uterus.

E) medulla oblongata.

8) During the follicular phase of the female menstrual cycle, estrogen is produced by the

A) uterus.

B) developing zygote.

C) anterior pituitary.

D) developing follicles.

E) developing eggs.

9) When does the lining of the uterus complete its thickening to prepare for the implantation of a zygote?

A) during the follicular phase

B) during ovulation

C) during the luteal phase

D) at any time

E) at the end of menstruation

10) The corpus luteum secretes ________, which in greater abundance, inhibits FSH and builds up the lining of the uterus.

A) follicle-stimulating hormone

B) luteinizing hormone

C) estrogen

D) progesterone

E) oxytocin

11) Ovulation in females is triggered by

A) a mid-cycle surge of luteinizing hormone (LH).

B) the buildup of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).

C) intercourse.

D) the readiness of the uterus to accept a zygote.

E) All of the answer choices are correct.

12) In which stage of development is the embryo when it implants in the lining of the uterus?

A) zygote

B) morula

C) blastocyst

D) gastrula

E) trophoblast

13) In the third week of embryonic development, a flexible rod, called a ________, forms along the midline of the dorsal surface of the embryo.

A) dorsal nerve cord

B) neural groove

C) somite

D) notochord

E) neural tube

14) Organ formation begins in the ________ of pregnancy.

A) first week

B) fourth week

C) tenth week

D) third month

E) last trimester

15) The embryo is referred to as a fetus

A) when it implants into the uterus.

B) during the last week of pregnancy.

C) during the time of growth in the second trimester.

D) after the brain has completely developed.

E) when the head begins to form during the second month.

16) During the third trimester of development, the major change of the fetus is

A) morphogenesis.

B) development of the skeleton.

C) a great increase in size.

D) formation of legs and arms.

E) complete formation of the brain.

17) Which of the following methods of birth control is most effective in preventing pregnancy?

A) condom

B) birth control pill

C) diaphragm

D) spermicidal foam

E) spermicidal suppositories

18) The sexually transmitted diseases ________ and ________ can cause pelvic inflammatory disease in which fallopian tubes become scarred and blocked.

A) syphilis; genital herpes

B) gonorrhea; genital herpes

C) gonorrhea; chlamydia

D) chlamydia; syphilis

E) chlamydia; genital herpes

19) Which of the following is a gonad?

A) oviduct

B) scrotum

C) uterus

D) ovary

E) prostate

20) In spermatogenesis, one germinal cell will give rise to ________ spermatids.

A) two

B) four

C) six

D) eight

E) twelve

21) Which part of the sperm cell contains enzymes to help the sperm digest a pathway into the egg?

A) tail

B) centriole

C) body

D) nucleus

E) acrosome

22) In humans, how many ova are produced from one primary oocyte?

A) 1

B) 2

C) 4

D) 6

E) 8

23) The secondary oocyte does not complete the second meiotic division until

A) ovulation.

B) puberty.

C) fertilization.

D) birth.

E) menstruation

24) In human reproduction, where does fertilization occur?

A) in the ovary

B) in the fallopian tubes

C) in the vagina

D) externally

E) in the uterus

25) Which membrane encloses the developing embryo?

A) chorion

B) placenta

C) blastocoel

D) amnion

E) trophoblast

26) Which hormone, secreted by the embryo, is tested for in all pregnancy tests?

A) luteinizing hormone

B) follicle-stimulating hormone

C) progesterone

D) estrogen

E) human chorionic gonadotropin

27) Which is a method that ends an early pregnancy by causing the endometrium to slough off?

A) RU486

B) condoms

C) birth control pills

D) diaphragm

E) spermicidal foams or jellies

28) Which of the following types of contraception causes irritation in the uterus and prevents implantation of the embryo?

A) diaphragms

B) condoms

C) intrauterine devices (IUDs)

D) spermicidal foams or jellies

E) birth control pills

29) What is the function of the SRY gene?

A) formation of testes

B) formation of ovaries

C) production of estrogen

D) production of progesterone

E) All of the answer choices are correct.

30) Which sexually transmitted disease, if not treated, can lead to heart disease, mental deficiency, and nerve damage?

A) syphilis

B) genital herpes

C) gonorrhea

D) chlamydia

E) cervical cancer

31) A polar body is a nonfunctional cell formed during egg formation.

32) Sertoli cells in the testes secrete testosterone.

33) An egg needs to be fertilized within 24 hours of ovulation.

34) The most common STD in the United States is genital herpes.

35) If you were holding a newborn and noticed a downy feel to the child's skin, you would be feeling ________.

36) Single-celled organisms like Euglena often reproduce by an asexual division of the organism called ________.

37) Segmented blocks of tissue, called ________, give rise to vertebrae, connective tissue, and muscles.

38) Sperm, together with the secretions from several other glands, is referred to as ________.

39) ________ is the male sex hormone responsible for secondary sexual characteristics.

40) ________ is the release of a secondary oocyte from an ovary.

41) The muscular ring at the base of the uterus that dilates during labor and delivery is called the ________.

42) The monthly reproductive cycle of a human female is more accurately called the ________ cycle.

43) If asked to label the stratified epithelial membrane that lines the uterus, you would be labeling the ________.

44) Compare and contrast hermaphroditism with asexual reproduction.

45) Why are the testes suspended outside the body in males?

46) Explain what kind of growth occurs in a child during the first few postnatal years.

47) Bees, along with many other species of arthropods, use ________, which is the type of reproduction that results in offspring from unfertilized eggs.

48) The ________ provide(s) fluid that neutralizes the acidity in the urine to protect the sperm as it leaves the penis.

A) vas deferens

B) bulbourethral glands

C) dorsal veins

D) prostate gland

E) epididymis

49) The ________ connects the developing embryo to the mother's blood supply.

50) From the following, select all hormones that are involved in uterine contractions during delivery.

A) oxytocin

B) estrogen

C) testosterone

D) luteinizing

E) prostaglandins

51) After childbirth, the first fluid produced by the mammary glands is prolactin.