Chapter 12: Terminal Illness and Bereavement

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. In order, the FIRST two stages of Kübler-Ross’s stage theory of dying are ______.

A. anger, then depression

B. anger, then denial

C. denial, then anger

D. denial, then depression

Learning Objective: 12-1: Describe early models of death and dying.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Stages of Death and Dying

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Morris has just been diagnosed with advanced pancreatic cancer. He refuses to believe the diagnosis and has seen several doctors who have confirmed it. Morris continues to insist that his diagnosis is impossible. Morris is in Kübler-Ross’s stage of dying called ______.

A. depression

B. anger

C. bargaining

D. denial

Learning Objective: 12-1: Describe early models of death and dying.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Stages of Death and Dying

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. With respect to Corr’s model for coping with dying, managing pain is to considering the meaning of one’s life as _____ task is to ______ task.

A. psychological; spiritual

B. physical; spiritual

C. biological; psychological

D. physical; philosophical

Learning Objective: 12-1: Describe early models of death and dying.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Task Work Models

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Which choice correctly identifies an early model of death and dying as a stage or a nonstage theory?

A. Doka’s model--nonstage

B. Corr’s model--nonstage

C. Corr’s model--stage

D. Kübler-Ross’s model--nonstage

Learning Objective: 12-1: Describe early models of death and dying.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Task Work Models

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. With respect to early models of coping with death, the phenomenon of post-traumatic growth ______ the models.

A. is largely ignored by

B. is central to

C. supports

D. is contradicted by

Learning Objective: 12-1: Describe early models of death and dying.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Critiques of Early Models

Difficulty Level: Hard

6. Lamont and Christakis (2001) found that almost ______ of physicians caring for cancer patients said that they gave no estimate of survival time. Of those that did, ______ said their estimates were more optimistic than realistic.

A. 25%; 25%

B. 25%; 40%

C. 50%; 25%

D. 50%; 40%

Learning Objective: 12-2: Compare different approaches to managing a terminal diagnosis.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Medical Approach

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Harriet is in hospice care at her home. Visits from a hospice nurse are the only professional care that she receives. The nurse adjusts Harriet’s morphine drip and makes sure that she is comfortable and free of pain. Harriet is receiving ______ care.

A. physician-assisted

B. terminal

C. holistic

D. palliative

Learning Objective: 12-2: Compare different approaches to managing a terminal diagnosis.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Medical Approach

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. The medical approach to managing terminal illness is to the biomedical model of health and illness as the ______ approach is to the biopsychosocial model.

A. hospice

B. sociocultural

C. palliative

D. holistic

Learning Objective: 12-2: Compare different approaches to managing a terminal diagnosis.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Holistic Approach

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Hospice care ______.

A. focuses on recovery

B. discourages discussions of death and dying

C. allows patients to personalize surroundings

D. is focused on aggressive care rather than comfort

Learning Objective: 12-2: Compare different approaches to managing a terminal diagnosis.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Holistic Approach

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Myra Bluebond-Langner (1977) described five stages that terminally ill children pass through. Her model is based on the results of ______ research.

A. archival

B. experimental

C. case study

D. naturalistic observation

Learning Objective: 12-2: Compare different approaches to managing a terminal diagnosis.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Stages of Death and Dying in Children

Difficulty Level: Hard

11. What, if anything, is the difference between euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide?

A. In euthanasia, a doctor administers lethal drugs. In physician-assisted suicide, the patient administers their own lethal drugs.

B. Euthanasia applies to animals; physician-assisted suicide applies to humans.

C. In physician-assisted suicide, a doctor administers lethal drugs. In euthanasia, the patient administers their own lethal drugs.

D. There is no difference between the two.

Learning Objective: 12-3: Explain the death with dignity movement.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Understanding Assisted Suicide

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. ______ Americans believe people with a terminal illness should have the right to physician-assisted suicide.

A. Few

B. Some

C. Most

D. Almost all

Learning Objective: 12-3: Explain the death with dignity movement.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Understanding Assisted Suicide

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. Which statement is NOT a valid argument against assisted suicide?

A. Assisted suicide requires physicians to violate their oath to “do no harm.”

B. Most Americans are against assisted suicide.

C. Those who seek assisted suicide may be clinically depressed.

D. Permitting assisted suicide may become a slippery slope.

Learning Objective: 12-3: Explain the death with dignity movement.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Concerns Regarding Assisted Suicide

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. Alma and Vera are sisters in late middle age. They wish to exert some control over the end-of-life care they will receive. Alma creates a directive giving instructions to family members, friends, and medical personnel. Vera appoints her eldest daughter to make decisions for her when the time comes. Which statement is true?

A. Alma is using a living will. Vera is using a health care proxy.

B. Alma is using a health care proxy. Vera is using a living will.

C. Both sisters are using a living will.

D. Both sisters are using a health care proxy.

Learning Objective: 12-3: Explain the death with dignity movement.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Advanced Care Directives

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. Advance directives can help patients receive the type of treatment they prefer. For example, fully ______ of patients who requested only comfort care in their advance care directive receive it.

A. 89%

B. 92%

C. 97%

D. 100%

Learning Objective: 12-3: Explain the death with dignity movement.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Advanced Care Directives

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. With respect to the experience of great loss, behavior is to feelings as ______ is to ______.

A. bereavement; grief

B. mourning; grief

C. mourning; bereavement

D. grief; mourning

Learning Objective: 12-4: Summarize the bereavement process.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Understanding Bereavement

Difficulty Level: Hard

17. “______” is the first of the ______ stages of mourning outlined in the textbook.

A. Reaction; three

B. Reaction; four

C. Yearning and searching; three

D. Yearning and searching; four

Learning Objective: 12-4: Summarize the bereavement process.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Stages of Mourning

Difficulty Level: Easy

18. After the reality of a loved one’s passing sets in, a mourning individual enters a period of ______.

A. yearning and searching

B. disorganization and reorganization

C. action and reaction

D. dissolution and disintegration

Learning Objective: 12-4: Summarize the bereavement process.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Stages of Mourning

Difficulty Level: Medium

19. Diane's mother committed suicide 2 months ago. Diane and her mother had a difficult relationship and Diane feels robbed of the chance to make peace with her mother. Diane is unhappy about her mother's wish to be cremated and is struggling with the notion of spreading her ashes in the location her mother wished. Diane’s sister insists that there be no more delays in spreading the ashes. Diane is experiencing ______ grief.

A. disenfranchised

B. lingering-trajectory

C. quick-trajectory

D. complicated

Learning Objective: 12-4: Summarize the bereavement process.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Stages of Mourning

Difficulty Level: Medium

20. John’s partner, Mark, died. Mark’s family never accepted John and Mark’s relationship and have refused to allow John to participate in the funeral ceremony or to attend the wake. John is likely to experience ______ grief.

A. disenfranchised

B. lingering-trajectory

C. quick-trajectory

D. complicated

Learning Objective: 12-4: Summarize the bereavement process.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Loss of a Spouse

Difficulty Level: Medium

21. The loss of a spouse elevates one’s mortality by about ______ for the following decade.

A. 5–10%

B. 15–20%

C. 25–30%

D. 35–40%

Learning Objective: 12-4: Summarize the bereavement process.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Health Problems

Difficulty Level: Medium

22. A song called “Letting Go (And Moving On)” becomes popular on adult contemporary radio. Had this song been written by a health psychologist unconcerned with the scansion of lyrical lines, its title might be “______ Stressors (And ______ Stressors).”

A. Loss-Oriented; Restoration-Oriented

B. Restoration-Oriented; Loss-Oriented

C. Quick-Trajectory; Lingering-Trajectory

D. Lingering-Trajectory; Quick-Trajectory

Learning Objective: 12-5: Describe strategies for coping with bereavement.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Coping with Bereavement

Difficulty Level: Hard

23. Research on gay men who had lost their partners to AIDS suggests that finding meaning in a loved one’s death can reduce one’s mortality in the near- and intermediate term from about ______ to ______ or less.

A. 50%; 35%

B. 50%; 20%

C. 35%; 20%

D. 35%; 10%

Learning Objective: 12-5: Describe strategies for coping with bereavement.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Making Sense and Finding Meaning

Difficulty Level: Hard

24. Thoughts of the loss of a loved one are BEST ______.

A. suppressed

B. accepted

C. prioritized

D. avoided

Learning Objective: 12-5: Describe strategies for coping with bereavement.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Making Sense and Finding Meaning

Difficulty Level: Medium

25. Which is NOT an empirically supported therapeutic technique for coping with the loss of a loved one?

A. guided imagery

B. cognitive-behavioral therapy

C. bereavement life review

D. aversion therapy

Learning Objective: 12-5: Describe strategies for coping with bereavement.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Seeking Professional Help

Difficulty Level: Medium

True/False

1. Research affirms that Kübler-Ross’s sequence of stages is universal.

Learning Objective: 12-1: Describe early models of death and dying.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Critiques of Early Models

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. About 80% of Americans die in a hospital or in some other institutional setting.

Learning Objective: 12-2: Compare different approaches to managing a terminal diagnosis.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Managing a Terminal Diagnosis

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. More than 5,000 children die of cancer each year in the United States.

Learning Objective: 12-2: Compare different approaches to managing a terminal diagnosis.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Terminal Illness in Children

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Physician-assisted suicide is legal in only one state.

Learning Objective: 12-3: Explain the death with dignity movement.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Understanding Assisted Suicide

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. In all nations in which it is legal, physician-assisted suicide is limited to individuals with terminal illnesses.

Learning Objective: 12-3: Explain the death with dignity movement.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Concerns Regarding Assisted Suicide

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. Quick-trajectory deaths are particularly difficult for survivors.

Learning Objective: 12-4: Summarize the bereavement process.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Circumstances of the Loss

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. The intensity of grief following the death of a child is greater than that following the loss of a spouse or parent.

Learning Objective: 12-4: Summarize the bereavement process.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Loss of a Child

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. Exposure therapy is a worthwhile addition to cognitive-behavioral therapy for clients seeking professional help in coping with the loss of a loved one.

Learning Objective: 12-5: Describe strategies for coping with bereavement.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Seeking Professional Help

Difficulty Level: Medium

Essay

1. Create a box-and-arrow model depicting Kenneth Doka’s phase-specific task model of coping with dying. Name each stage and identify its key features in a bullet point or two.

Learning Objective: 12-1: Describe early models of death and dying.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Task Work Models

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Contrast hospice with hospital care by discussing three ways that they differ.

Learning Objective: 12-2: Compare different approaches to managing a terminal diagnosis.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Holistic Approach

Difficulty Level: Medium