Ch9 Emotions In Social Relationships Exam Prep

Chapter 9:

Emotions in Social Relationships

1. In a study by Fehr and Russell (1991) it was determined that the following emotion terms are routinely included in the category of love:

a. caring, affection, desire, infatuation, and lust.

b. caring, affection, desire, and infatuation.

c. caring, affection, and desire.

d. caring and affection.

Source: Page 234.

2. “The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse” are toxic emotional behaviours that are:

a. highly damaging in marriage and the most likely to predict divorce.

b. most often responsible for insecure attachments between parents and their children.

c. a threat to group productivity and commonly observed in multicultural workplaces.

d. characteristic of the extroverted personality type.

Source: Page 235.

3. Which one of the following is not one of “the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse”?

a. criticism

b. defensiveness

c. anger

d. contempt

Source: Page 235.

4. Stonewalling is demonstrated when one:

a. resists dealing with problems in a relationship.

b. focuses on the faults as opposed to the good qualities of another person.

c. denies that an obviously valid statement or argument is true.

d. behaves repetitively rather than attempting some new course of actions.

Source: Page 235.

5. Research has revealed that several factors help romantic partners stay committed and close. These include all but which one of the following?

a. Intimate relationships fare well when partners cultivate humor, amusement, and play.

b. The key to commitment in an intimate relationship is sharing what is good in life and responding to the other person’s successes with engaged enthusiasm.

c. Commitment is promoted when the partners in a relationship maintain somewhat independent lives.

d. At the core of committed relationships is compassion – a positive regard for one’s partner and appreciation of their foibles and weaknesses.

Source: Page 235 and 236.

6. McCullough and Emmons (2001) contend that gratitude is the glue of cooperative social living among non-kin because gratitude:

a. helps people keep track of which friends are generous and which friends are not generous.

b. encourages prosocial behavior.

c. acts as a reward and reinforces cooperation.

d. all of the above.

Source: Pages 238 and 239.

7. DeSteno and colleagues (2006, 2010) had participants engage in studies in which, out of the blue, they were helped by a confederate (to fix a computer problem). Being the recipient of generosity led participants to feel _________________ and demonstrate generosity towards__________________.

a. embarrassment; their benefactor (the confederate) but not to a stranger.

b. embarrassment; their benefactor (the confederate) and to a stranger.

c. gratitude; their benefactor (the confederate) but not to a stranger.

d. gratitude; their benefactor (the confederate) and to a stranger.

Source: Pages 239, Figure 9.5.

8. People with high social support show lower baseline levels of ______________, which suggests that having many good friends __________________________, which is activated in fight and flight.

a. cortisol; stimulates the sympathetic branch of the nervous system.

b. cortisol; calms the hypothalamic-pituitary axis (HPA).

b. adrenaline; stimulates the sympathetic branch of the nervous system.

c. adrenaline; calms the hypothalamic-pituitary axis (HPA).

Source: Page 240.

9. In a study by Keltner and colleagues (1998), fraternity members teased each other in foursomes comprised of two low- and two high-power members. When teased:

a. high- and low-power members tended to smile.

b. high-power members expressed anger and contempt, especially when teased by a low-power member.

c. low-power members tended to express fear and pain.

d. all of the above.

Source: Page 244, Table 9.2.

10. A Duchenne smile is a:

a. genuine smile, closely tied to the experience of emotion.

b. fake smile in which the zygomatic major muscle is active but the orbicularis oculi muscles are not.

c. facial action seen in the animal kingdom that is a precursor to human smiling.

d. form of non-social smiling demonstrated by newborns and people when they are sleeping.

Source: Page 244, Table 9.2.

11. Possessing high-power predicts that an individual will ________, relative to an individual with low-power.

a. enjoy greater access to resources

b. experience greater positive emotion in pleasant situations

c. be less accurate when asked to judge the type of emotion expressed by another person

d. all of the above.

Source: Page 244-245.

12. Anger directed at an out-group is more likely when the members of an in-group feel:

a. challenged by the out-group.

b. that the in-group is strong and that the out-group is weak.

c. a high level of identification with peers within their group.

d. both b & c.

Source: Page 250

13. Infrahumanization is the tendency for in-group members to:

a. ignore the unique qualities and individuality of out-group members.

b. attribute animal-like qualities to out-group members.

b. subject out-group members to a different set of moral values and rules.

d. demonstrate greater generosity towards in-group members than out-group members.

Source: Page 251.

14. Which one of the following is true about emotional intelligence?

a. Emotional intelligence is fixed and doesn’t vary across the lifetime.

b. Emotional intelligence relies mostly on understanding the emotions of others and less so on understanding one’s own emotions.

c. Using one’s emotions to make decisions is a key skill underlying emotional intelligence.

d. Emotion regulation is not a foundation of emotional intelligence.

Source: Page 252.

15. Emotional intelligence benefits which of the following types of relationships?

a. intimate bonds.

b. friendships.

c. hierarchical relations.

d. all of the above.

Source: Page 252.

16. A core principle of early sexual desire is ___________. As romantic partners spend more time together, they experience feelings of romantic love which are organized by a second relationship principle: __________.

a. uniqueness; integration

b. integration; bonding

c. lust; uniqueness

d. uniqueness; lust

Source: Page 232

17. As relationships progress, Finkel et al., (2014) suggests that three principles hold relationships together. What are they?

a. romantic love, sexual desire, and happiness

b. responsive, romantic love, and stonewalling

c. responsive, resolution, and maintenance

d. both a and c

Source: Page 235

18. According to Trivers (1971), why did human friendships emerge in human evolution?

a. To increase chances of survival for oneself

b. To enable cooperation essential for raising vulnerable offspring

c. To have a group of people to vent to

d. both a and b

Source: Page 237

19. Social Rank Theory of emotion:

a. suggests that power is layered into our experience and expression of certain emotions.

b. suggests that power does not influence how we experience and express emotions.

c. suggest that shame and romantic love are related to feelings of rank.

d. both a and c.

Source: Page 242

20. _________ arises when others within a social group have something of value but obtained it in an undeserved fashion, whereas ________ arises when others within a social group obtain something through hard work.

a. Malicious envy; benign envy

b. Benign envy; love

c. Benign envy; pride

d. Malicious envy; benign envy

Source: Page 243