Ch15 The Immune System – Complete Test Bank 15e - Human Physiology 15e | Test Bank with Answer Key by Stuart Fox by Stuart Fox, Krista Rompolski. DOCX document preview.
View Product website:
https://selldocx.com/docx/ch15-the-immune-system-complete-test-bank-15e-1433
Human Physiology, 15e (Fox)
Chapter 15 The Immune System
1) Lymphocytes are involved in specific immune reactions.
Section: 15.01
Topic: Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L04.03 Describe the roles of various types of leukocytes in innate and adaptive body defenses.
2) Which of the following tissues serve as a barrier to microbial infections?
A) Epithelial
B) Muscular
C) Nervous
D) Connective
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nonspecific immunity; Microscopic anatomy, location, and function of epithelial tissue
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L05.01 Name the surface membrane barriers and describe their physical, chemical, and microbiological mechanisms of defense.
3) Which of the following is a secreted enzyme that destroys bacteria?
A) Chemotaxin
B) Complement
C) Lysozyme
D) Interferon
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nonspecific immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L05.01 Name the surface membrane barriers and describe their physical, chemical, and microbiological mechanisms of defense.
4) The two categories of immune defensive mechanisms are ________ and ________.
A) innate (nonspecific) immunity; adaptive (specific) immunity
B) passive immunity; active immunity
C) heavy immunity; light immunity
D) direct immunity; indirect immunity
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nonspecific immunity; Adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L04.01 Compare and contrast innate (nonspecific) defenses with adaptive (specific) defenses.
5) How does the immune system recognize a foreign cell?
A) The presence of toll-like receptors.
B) The presence of organ-specific phagocytes.
C) The presence of pathogen-associated molecular patterns.
D) The presence of complement.
Section: 15.01
Topic: Antigens and antigen processing
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L05.06 Explain the role of pattern-recognition receptors in innate defenses.; L06.01 Define antigen and antigen receptor.
6) Molecules that are present in the membranes of gram-negative bacteria and are the best known PAMPs are called ________.
A) interferon
B) lipopolysaccharides (LPS)
C) lymphokines
D) complement
Section: 15.01
Topic: Antigens and antigen processing
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L05.06 Explain the role of pattern-recognition receptors in innate defenses.
7) What system helps to integrate innate and adaptive immune responses?
A) PAMPs
B) Cytokines
C) Complement
D) Interferon
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nonspecific immunity; Adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L05.05 Explain how complement and interferon function as antimicrobial chemicals.
8) The binding of toll-like receptors on dendritic cells and macrophages to LPS from bacteria stimulates the secretion of ________.
A) cytokines
B) complement
C) PAMPs
D) peptidoglycans
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nonspecific immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L05.05 Explain how complement and interferon function as antimicrobial chemicals.; L05.06 Explain the role of pattern-recognition receptors in innate defenses.
9) Neutrophils and monocytes are able to leave the blood and enter tissues via diapedesis.
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nonspecific immunity; Functional roles of formed elements of the blood
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L05.02 Define diapedesis, chemotaxis, opsonization, and membrane attack complex and explain their importance for innate defenses.
10) Chemotaxis involves the chemical attraction of phagocytes to the site of an infection.
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nonspecific immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L05.02 Define diapedesis, chemotaxis, opsonization, and membrane attack complex and explain their importance for innate defenses.
11) Inhibition of phagocytosis in macrophages may interfere with the ability of pathogens circulating in the bloodstream to be engulfed and destroyed.
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nonspecific immunity; Functional roles of formed elements of the blood
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L05.03 Describe the steps involved in phagocytosis and provide examples of important phagocytic cells in the body.
12) Phagocytosis of pathogens would be enhanced if ________.
A) the number of monocytes in the blood increased
B) Kupffer cells were destroyed
C) the number of neutrophils in the blood increased
D) the number of monocytes or neutrophils in the blood increased
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nonspecific immunity; Functional roles of formed elements of the blood
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L05.03 Describe the steps involved in phagocytosis and provide examples of important phagocytic cells in the body.
13) Primarily phagocytic cells include all of the following EXCEPT ________.
A) microglia
B) Kupffer cells
C) lymphocytes
D) macrophages
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nonspecific immunity; Functional roles of formed elements of the blood
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L05.03 Describe the steps involved in phagocytosis and provide examples of important phagocytic cells in the body.
14) Secretion of ________ would not be expected to result in a fever.
A) tumor necrosis factor
B) interleukin-6
C) interferon
D) interleukin-1
Section: 15.01
Topic: General functions of the lymphatic system; Nonspecific immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L05.08a Describe the mechanism of fever and the role of pyrogens.
15) Fevers increase neutrophil activity and interferon production.
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nonspecific immunity
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L05.08a Describe the mechanism of fever and the role of pyrogens.; L05.08b Explain why fever can be beneficial.
16) Interferons ________.
A) stimulate viral replication
B) provide humoral immunity
C) provide nonspecific immunity
D) are produced by viruses
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nonspecific immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L05.05 Explain how complement and interferon function as antimicrobial chemicals.
17) Alpha and beta interferons will inhibit ________.
A) growth of cancer cells
B) viral replication and assembly
C) activity of natural killer cells
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nonspecific immunity
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L05.05 Explain how complement and interferon function as antimicrobial chemicals.
18) Small organic molecules that by themselves are NOT antigenic are called ________.
A) antibodies
B) haptens
C) interferons
D) complement
Section: 15.01
Topic: Antigens and antigen processing; Organic compounds
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L07.02 Distinguish among complete antigens, haptens, antigenic determinants and self-antigens.
19) B lymphocytes are directly responsible for cell-mediated immunity.
Section: 15.01
Topic: Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L06.01 Distinguish between humoral and cell-mediated immunity.
20) Which cell combats most bacterial infections?
A) B lymphocyte
B) T lymphocyte
C) NK cells
D) Monocytes
Section: 15.01
Topic: Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L08.02d With respect to B cells and T cells, compare and contrast the defense mechanisms and functions.
21) Which cell combats virally infected cells, transplants, and cancer cells?
A) B lymphocyte
B) T lymphocyte
C) NK cells
D) Monocytes
Section: 15.01
Topic: Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L08.02d With respect to B cells and T cells, compare and contrast the defense mechanisms and functions.
22) Under normal conditions, T lymphocytes in an adult are primarily found in the ________.
A) thymus
B) bone marrow
C) lymph nodes and spleen
D) blood
Section: 15.01
Topic: Anatomy of lymphatic cells, tissues and organs
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L03.02d Describe the function of the lymph nodes, thymus, spleen, tonsils and other aggregations of mucosae-associated lymphatic tissue (MALT).
23) Which of the following is NOT a secondary lymphoid organ?
A) spleen
B) tonsils
C) thymus
D) lymph nodes
Section: 15.01
Topic: Anatomy of lymphatic cells, tissues and organs
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L03.02a Identify and describe the gross anatomical features the lymph nodes, thymus, spleen, tonsils and other aggregations of mucosae-associated lymphatic tissue (MALT).; L03.02d Describe the function of the lymph nodes, thymus, spleen, tonsils and other aggregations of mucosae-associated lymphatic tissue (MALT).
24) Phagocytic leukocytes involved in the inflammatory response generally do not reenter system circulation.
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nonspecific immunity; Functional roles of formed elements of the blood
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L05.07b Summarize the cells and chemicals involved in the inflammatory process.
25) During the local inflammatory response, a lack of mast cells would result in ________.
A) decreased antibody secretion
B) interaction of antibodies with the pathogen
C) activation of complement
D) decreased capillary permeability
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nonspecific immunity
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L05.07b Summarize the cells and chemicals involved in the inflammatory process.; L05.07d Explain why inflammation can be beneficial.
26) What is the process of drawing leukocytes to the site of an infection?
A) Chemotaxis
B) Diapedesis
C) Extravasation
D) Opsonization
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nonspecific immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L05.02 Define diapedesis, chemotaxis, opsonization, and membrane attack complex and explain their importance for innate defenses.; L05.07b Summarize the cells and chemicals involved in the inflammatory process.
27) Your friend ate some shellfish, and as a result, his face and hands become swollen and red. You recommend he take an antihistamine. This may be effective in alleviating his symptoms because ________.
A) the medication should cause vasodilation to the tissues, allowing cells of the immune system to remove the foreign antigens
B) the medication should increase the vascular permeability of the irritated tissue, allowing immune cells to enter the tissue
C) the medication will help to prevent the escape of fluid and plasma proteins into the extracellular space
D) the medication will relax the bronchial smooth muscles, allowing him to breathe more freely
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nonspecific immunity; Clinical applications of the lymphatic system
Bloom's: 4. Analyze
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L05.07b Summarize the cells and chemicals involved in the inflammatory process.; L05.07a Describe the mechanisms of inflammation initiation with respect to the inflammatory response.
28) Which leukocytes are the first to arrive at an inflamed site?
A) T lymphocytes
B) B lymphocytes
C) Monocytes
D) Neutrophils
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nonspecific immunity; Functional roles of formed elements of the blood
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L05.07b Summarize the cells and chemicals involved in the inflammatory process.; L05.07a Describe the mechanisms of inflammation initiation with respect to the inflammatory response.
29) The ability of antibodies to promote phagocytosis is called ________.
A) opsonization
B) chemotaxis
C) extravasation
D) complementation
Section: 15.01
Topic: Antibodies and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L09.02 Describe mechanisms of antibody action and correlate mechanisms with effector functions.; L05.02 Define diapedesis, chemotaxis, opsonization, and membrane attack complex and explain their importance for innate defenses.
30) Both innate and adaptive immunity processes are necessary for the local inflammatory response to function properly.
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nonspecific immunity; Adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L04.04 Analyze ways in which the innate and adaptive body defenses cooperate to enhance the overall resistance to disease.; L05.07a Describe the mechanisms of inflammation initiation with respect to the inflammatory response.
31) The presence of a foreign antigen in a patient's blood induced the production of antibodies. This demonstrates a competent passive immune response.
Section: 15.02
Topic: Antigens and antigen processing
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L07.01 Define antigen and antigen receptor.; L10.01 Distinguish between active and passive immunity.
32) In order to produce antibodies, activated B lymphocytes must move into a germinal center of a secondary lymphoid organ.
Section: 15.02
Topic: Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L08.02b With respect to B cells and T cells, compare and contrast the sites where the cells originate and achieve their immunocompetence, and the primary location of the immunocompetent cells in the body.
33) Choose an effective medication and mechanism of action that would reduce the signs and symptoms of seasonal allergies.
A) A medication increases the population of mast cells.
B) A medication that blocks the production of IgM.
C) A medication that blocks the production of IgE.
D) A medication that increases the production of serotonin and histamine.
Section: 15.02
Topic: Antibodies and their role in adaptive immunity; Clinical applications of the lymphatic system
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L09.03 List the five classes of antibodies and discuss structural and functional features that distinguish each class.
34) Mutations in the genes encoding for IgG could ________.
A) prevent allergic reactions
B) block the synthesis of the principle form of circulating antibody
C) prevent antibody secretion in external secretions
D) prevent lymphocyte stimulation by antigens
Section: 15.02
Topic: Antibodies and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L09.03 List the five classes of antibodies and discuss structural and functional features that distinguish each class.
35) Antibody diversity can be explained by ________.
A) the fact that many different genes encode for the different antibody chains
B) antibody-gene recombinations and mutations
C) mutation of pathogens
D) clonal production of plasma cells
Section: 15.02
Topic: Antibodies and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L09.03 List the five classes of antibodies and discuss structural and functional features that distinguish each class.
36) Colostrum is high in ________, which helps to confer immunity to an infant during the first year of life.
A) IgA
B) IgD
C) IgE
D) IgG
Section: 15.02
Topic: Antibodies and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L09.03 List the five classes of antibodies and discuss structural and functional features that distinguish each class.
37) The ability of IgM antibodies to convert of other types of antibodies is called ________.
A) cloning
B) antigen-dependent diversification
C) class switch recombination
D) somatic hyper mutation
Section: 15.02
Topic: Antibodies and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L09.02 Describe mechanisms of antibody action and correlate mechanisms with effector functions.
38) Immunoglobulins are synthesized and secreted by B lymphocytes.
Section: 15.02
Topic: Antibodies and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L08.2d With respect to B cells and T cells, compare and contrast the defense mechanisms and functions.
39) Inhibiting proteins C2-C4 would block the activation of ________.
A) interferon
B) complement
C) specific immunity
D) antibodies
Section: 15.02
Topic: Nonspecific immunity
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L05.05 Explain how complement and interferon function as antimicrobial chemicals.
40) The ability of antibodies and complements to enhance phagocytosis is called ________.
A) opsonization
B) complement activation
C) cell-mediated immunity
D) inflammation
Section: 15.02
Topic: Nonspecific immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L05.02 Define diapedesis, chemotaxis, opsonization, and membrane attack complex and explain their importance for innate defenses.
41) Antibodies ________.
A) facilitate the phagocytosis of the cell to which the antibody is bound.
B) facilitate the fixation of complement to the membrane of a pathogenic organism
C) can be described as "flags" to identify cells that are recognized as "self"
D) None of the choices are correct.
Section: 15.02
Topic: Antibodies and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L05.05 Explain how complement and interferon function as antimicrobial chemicals.; L09.02 Describe mechanisms of antibody action and correlate mechanisms with effector functions.
42) Complement fragments in a tissue or circulation stimulate all of the following EXCEPT ________.
A) chemotaxis
B) opsonization
C) histamine release
D) antibody production
Section: 15.02
Topic: Nonspecific immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L05.05 Explain how complement and interferon function as antimicrobial chemicals.
43) T lymphocytes ________.
A) differentiate in the bone marrow
B) secrete antibodies
C) mature in the thymus
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 15.03
Topic: Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L08.02b With respect to B cells and T cells, compare and contrast the sites where the cells originate and achieve their immunocompetence, and the primary location of the immunocompetent cells in the body.
44) What distinguishes cytotoxic T cells from other T lymphocytes?
A) Their ability to destroy a normal cell that is infected with a pathogen
B) Their ability to stimulate the production of the T lymphocytes, as well as B lymphocytes
C) Their role in cell-mediated immunity, rather than humoral immunity
D) Their site of differentiation
Section: 15.03
Topic: Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 4. Analyze
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L08.01 Distinguish among the various types of lymphocytes, including helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells, regulatory (or suppressor) T cells, B cells, plasma cells, and memory cells.
45) Inhibiting the actions of helper T lymphocytes may impair humoral immunity.
Section: 15.03
Topic: Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L08.02d With respect to B cells and T cells, compare and contrast the defense mechanisms and functions.
46) If interleukin-3 levels increased, an increase in the body's ability to produce histamine would be expected.
Section: 15.03
Topic: Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L08.02c With respect to B cells and T cells, compare and contrast the mechanisms of antigen challenge and the clonal selection processes, including effector cells, helper cells, memory cells, and important cytokines.
47) Interactions between B cells and helper T cells stimulate the actions of cytotoxic T cells.
Section: 15.03
Topic: Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L08.02d With respect to B cells and T cells, compare and contrast the defense mechanisms and functions.
48) A patient experiencing septic shock presents with high fever and characteristic hypotension. This fast drop in blood pressure is expected, since widespread secretion of ________ from bacteria causes the innate immune system to trigger ________.
A) exotoxin; systemic vasodilation
B) interferon; systemic vasoconstriction
C) endotoxin; systemic vasodilation
D) histamine; systemic vasodilation
Section: 15.03
Topic: Nonspecific immunity; Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity; Clinical applications of the lymphatic system
Bloom's: 4. Analyze
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L08.02c With respect to B cells and T cells, compare and contrast the mechanisms of antigen challenge and the clonal selection processes, including effector cells, helper cells, memory cells, and important cytokines.
49) Mutations in polypeptides called ________ that are produced by cytotoxic T cells could prevent T cells from destroying infected cells.
A) perforins
B) antibodies
C) histamines
D) interferons
Section: 15.03
Topic: Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L08.02c With respect to B cells and T cells, compare and contrast the mechanisms of antigen challenge and the clonal selection processes, including effector cells, helper cells, memory cells, and important cytokines.
50) Individuals suffering from acquired immune deficiency syndrome have decreased numbers of circulating ________.
A) regulatory T lymphocytes
B) helper T lymphocytes
C) B lymphocytes
D) macrophages
Section: 15.03
Topic: Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity; Clinical applications of the lymphatic system
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L12.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the lymphatic and immune systems could not maintain homeostasis.
51) What is the function of granzymes?
A) Polymerize cell membranes to form a large pore
B) Activate caspases that destroy the cell's DNA
C) Bind to the plasma membrane of the host cell
D) Activate complement
Section: 15.03
Topic: Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L08.02d With respect to B cells and T cells, compare and contrast the defense mechanisms and functions.
52) Helper T cell activation occurs more readily if the antigen presenting cells are ________.
A) dendritic cells and macrophages
B) macrophages and mast cells
C) B and T lymphocytes
D) neutrophils and basophils
Section: 15.03
Topic: Antigens and antigen processing; Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L07.05 Explain the role of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and provide examples of cells that function as APCs.
53) Blocking the ________ receptor on helper T lymphocytes may inhibit activation by antigen presenting cells.
A) CD25
B) CD4
C) MHC
D) IL-6
Section: 15.03
Topic: Antigens and antigen processing; Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L07.05 Explain the role of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and provide examples of cells that function as APCs.
54) Which molecule is used to produce lymphokine-activated killer cells to treat some types of cancer?
A) Interleukin-2
B) Interleukin-1
C) Interleukin-4
D) G-CSF
Section: 15.03
Topic: Applied immunology; Clinical applications of the lymphatic system
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L10.03 Provide examples of how applied immunology can be used to diagnose, treat and prevent diseases.
55) Bone marrow stem cells and mast cells proliferate in response to ________.
A) interleukin-1
B) interleukin-2
C) interleukin-3
D) interleukin-4
Section: 15.03
Topic: Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L08.02c With respect to B cells and T cells, compare and contrast the mechanisms of antigen challenge and the clonal selection processes, including effector cells, helper cells, memory cells, and important cytokines.
56) Inhibition of the actions of cytotoxic T lymphocytes directly causes ________.
A) decreased antibody secretion
B) decreased stimulation of B lymphocytes
C) increased secretion of perforin
D) None of the choices are correct.
Section: 15.03
Topic: Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L08.02d With respect to B cells and T cells, compare and contrast the defense mechanisms and functions.
57) The primary target of the human immunodeficiency virus is the ________.
A) plasma cell
B) memory cell
C) macrophage
D) helper T lymphocyte
Section: 15.03
Topic: Clinical applications of the lymphatic system
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L12.01 Predict factors or situations affecting the lymphatic and immune systems that could disrupt homeostasis.
58) The activation of resting T lymphocytes is prevented by ________.
A) inhibiting interleuken-1 secretion by macrophages
B) inhibiting interleuken-4 by helper T-lymphocytes
C) stimulating secretion of interferons by T-lymphocytes
D) decreasing the secretion of tumor necrosis factors by macrophages
Section: 15.03
Topic: Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L04.04 Analyze ways in which the innate and adaptive body defenses cooperate to enhance the overall resistance to disease.; L08.02a With respect to B cells and T cells, define immunocompetence and self tolerance and distinguish between naive and activated immune cells.
59) A mutation in the gene encoding for interleukin-3 would result in ________.
A) decreased conversion of B cells to plasma cells
B) decreased numbers of circulating mast cells
C) inhibition of macrophage activation
D) inhibition of leukocyte proliferation
Section: 15.03
Topic: Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L08.02c With respect to B cells and T cells, compare and contrast the mechanisms of antigen challenge and the clonal selection processes, including effector cells, helper cells, memory cells, and important cytokines.
60) Tissue transplants should have matching ________ to prevent rejection in the host.
A) MHC molecules
B) blood types
C) interleukins
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 15.03
Topic: Antigens and antigen processing; Clinical applications of the lymphatic system
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L07.03c Explain the function of class I and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in adaptive immunity.
61) Antigen-presenting cells are necessary for ________ response to a foreign antigen.
A) T lymphocyte
B) B lymphocyte
C) antibody
D) macrophage
Section: 15.03
Topic: Antigens and antigen processing
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L07.05 Explain the role of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and provide examples of cells that function as APCs.
62) All human cells have both class-1 and class-2 MHC molecules on their membrane surface.
Section: 15.03
Topic: Antigens and antigen processing
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L07.03b Describe where class I and class II MHC and MHC proteins are found.
63) T cells have receptors for antigens and will bind to free antigens in the same manner as B cells.
Section: 15.03
Topic: Antigens and antigen processing; Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L07.01 Define antigen and antigen receptor.; L08.02c With respect to B cells and T cells, compare and contrast the mechanisms of antigen challenge and the clonal selection processes, including effector cells, helper cells, memory cells, and important cytokines.
64) Which chromosome contains the genes for the major histocompatibility complex?
A) Chromosome 3
B) Chromosome 6
C) Chromosome 14
D) Chromosome 19
Section: 15.03
Topic: Antigens and antigen processing
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L07.03b Describe where class I and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and MHC proteins are found.
65) If class-2 MHC molecules were found on ________, donations of this tissue would drastically decrease.
A) liver cells
B) red blood cells
C) bone marrow
D) kidneys
Section: 15.03
Topic: Antigens and antigen processing; Clinical applications of the lymphatic system
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L07.03b Describe where class I and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and MHC proteins are found.
66) A class-2 MHC molecule is used to present a foreign antigen to ________.
A) cytotoxic T cells
B) B lymphocyte
C) helper T cells
D) regulatory T cells
Section: 15.03
Topic: Antigens and antigen processing
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L07.03c Explain the function of class I and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in adaptive immunity.
67) Presentation of a foreign antigen to a cytotoxic T cell requires a ________.
A) Class-1 MHC molecule and coreceptor CD8
B) Class-1 MHC molecule and coreceptor CD4
C) Class-2 MHC molecule and coreceptor CD8
D) Class-2 MHC molecule and coreceptor CD4
Section: 15.03
Topic: Antigens and antigen processing; Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L07.03c Explain the function of class I and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in adaptive immunity.
68) A deficiency or absence of helper T cells interact would decrease the immune response to antigens presented with class-2 MHC molecules.
Section: 15.03
Topic: Antigens and antigen processing; Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L07.03c Explain the function of class I and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in adaptive immunity.
69) The binding of FAS and its FAS ligand will trigger ________.
A) interferon release
B) T lymphocyte activation
C) antibody production
D) T lymphocyte apoptosis
Section: 15.03
Topic: Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L07.03c Explain the function of class I and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in adaptive immunity.
70) Some tumor cells may produce ________, which defends them from T cell attack.
A) FAS ligands
B) MHCs that match the tissue of origin
C) CD8 coreceptors
D) antibodies
Section: 15.03
Topic: Antigens and antigen processing; Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L07.03b Describe where class I and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and MHC proteins are found.
71) Cells infected by viruses present the viral antigens on ________ to T cells.
A) class-2 MHC molecules
B) CD4 coreceptors
C) class-1 MHC molecules
D) CD8 coreceptors
Section: 15.03
Topic: Antigens and antigen processing
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L07.03c Explain the function of class I and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in adaptive immunity.
72) Blocking the CD8 coreceptor would cause ________.
A) increased activation of macrophages
B) decreased activation of helper T cells
C) decreased activation of cytotoxic T cells
D) decreased activation of the target cells
Section: 15.03
Topic: Antigens and antigen processing; Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L07.03b Describe where class I and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and MHC proteins are found.; L08.02c With respect to B cells and T cells, compare and contrast the mechanisms of antigen challenge and the clonal selection processes, including effector cells, helper cells, memory cells, and important cytokines.
73) Immunological memory is responsible for the rapid response to an antigen upon the second exposure.
Section: 15.04
Topic: Adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L06.02 Describe the immunological memory (anamnestic) response.
74) The ________ immune response occurs faster, is stronger, and lasts longer than the ________ immune response.
A) secondary; primary
B) secondary; tertiary
C) tertiary; primary
D) primary; secondary
Section: 15.04
Topic: Adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L06.02 Describe the immunological memory (anamnestic) response.; L09.04 Interpret a graph of the primary and secondary immune response, in terms of the relative concentrations of different classes of antibodies produced over time.
75) Artificially gaining active immunity through ________ provides exposure to nonvirulent pathogens or nonpathogenic antigens.
A) allergy
B) delayed-hypersensitivity
C) vaccination
D) auto-immunity
Section: 15.04
Topic: Adaptive immunity; Applied immunology
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L10.02 Describe natural and artificial examples of both active and passive immunity.
76) The clonal selection of B lymphocytes ________.
A) occurs due to the previous response of an individual to an antigen
B) results in the development of plasma and memory cells
C) results in an attenuated response the second time an individual is exposed to the antigen
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 15.04
Topic: Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L08.02c With respect to B cells and T cells, compare and contrast the mechanisms of antigen challenge and the clonal selection processes, including effector cells, helper cells, memory cells, and important cytokines.; L10.02 Describe natural and artificial examples of both active and passive immunity.
77) Which of the following would NOT be an effective method of producing a vaccine?
A) Use live, attenuated viruses
B) Use killed, virulent viruses
C) Use cloned antibodies
D) Use recombinant viral proteins
Section: 15.04
Topic: Applied immunology
Bloom's: 5. Evaluate
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L10.02 Describe natural and artificial examples of both active and passive immunity.
78) Molecules included with immunizations that boost immune response by increasing antigen-presenting ability are called ________.
A) clones
B) FAS ligands
C) interleukin-1
D) adjuvants
Section: 15.04
Topic: Applied immunology
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L10.02 Describe natural and artificial examples of both active and passive immunity.
79) You are diagnosed with the autoimmune disease Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, causing your immune system to produce antibodies against specific tissues in your body. This best represents a failure of ________.
A) central tolerance, because lymphocytes that recognize self antigens are not being activated
B) clonal-deletion, because lymphocytes that recognize self antigens are not being destroyed
C) clonal-anergy, because lymphocytes that recognize self antigens are not being activated
D) innate immunity
Section: 15.04; 15.06
Topic: Adaptive immunity; Antigens and antigen processing; Clinical applications of the lymphatic system
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L08.03 With respect to B cells and T cells, describe the contribution of clonal deletion to immunity.
80) Once a B lymphocyte has been activated to an antigen, it travels to a secondary lymphoid organ and forms a ________ where cloning occurs.
A) MHC molecule
B) FAS
C) CD4
D) germinal center
Section: 15.04
Topic: Anatomy of lymphatic cells, tissues and organs; Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L08.02b With respect to B cells and T cells, compare and contrast the sites where the cells originate and achieve their immunocompetence, and the primary location of the immunocompetent cells in the body.
81) The process in which lymphocytes that recognize self-antigens are prevented from being activated is ________.
A) clonal anergy
B) clonal deletion
C) clonal selection
D) apoptosis
Section: 15.04
Topic: Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L08.02a With respect to B cells and T cells, define immunocompetence and self tolerance and distinguish between naive and activated immune cells.
82) Colostrum provides infants with ________ immunity.
A) active
B) innate
C) passive
D) direct
Section: 15.04
Topic: Adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L10.02 Describe natural and artificial examples of both active and passive immunity.
83) What is the ability to mount a specific immune response called?
A) Self-tolerance
B) Complement activation
C) Immunological competence
D) Clonal-selection
Section: 15.04
Topic: Adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L08.02a With respect to B cells and T cells, define immunocompetence and self tolerance and distinguish between naive and activated immune cells.; L08.02a Define immunocompetence and self tolerance and distinguish between naive and activated immune cells in B cells and T cells.
84) Immunological competence develops ________.
A) during gestation
B) at the onset of puberty
C) at birth
D) shortly after birth
Section: 15.04
Topic: Adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L08.02a With respect to B cells and T cells, define immunocompetence and self tolerance and distinguish between naive and activated immune cells.; L08.02a Define immunocompetence and self tolerance and distinguish between naive and activated immune cells in B cells and T cells.
85) What type of cell can destroy cancer cells without prior stimulation by tumor antigens?
A) Cytotoxic T cells
B) Natural killer cells
C) B lymphocytes
D) Regulatory T cells
Section: 15.05
Topic: Nonspecific immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L05.04 Describe natural killer cells and discuss their function.
86) What substance released by NK cells and cytotoxic T cells destroys the DNA of an infected cell?
A) Perforin
B) Interleukin-1
C) Interferon
D) Granzyme
Section: 15.05
Topic: Nonspecific immunity; Applied immunology
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L08.02d With respect to B cells and T cells, compare and contrast the defense mechanisms and functions.; L05.04 Describe natural killer cells and discuss their function.; L10.03 Provide examples of how applied immunology can be used to diagnose, treat and prevent diseases.
87) Which of the following may explain why self-tolerance may fail?
A) A noncirculating antigen becomes exposed to the immune system.
B) Antibodies directed against other antibodies are produced.
C) Antibodies produced against foreign antigens cross-react with self-antigens.
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 15.06
Topic: Antibodies and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 4. Analyze
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L08.02a With respect to B cells and T cells, define immunocompetence and self tolerance and distinguish between naive and activated immune cells.; L12.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the lymphatic and immune systems could not maintain homeostasis.
88) Autoimmune diseases include ________.
A) type-1 diabetes mellitus
B) pernicious anemia
C) aspermatogenesis
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 15.06
Topic: Clinical applications of the lymphatic system
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L12.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the lymphatic and immune systems could not maintain homeostasis.
89) Which of the following is NOT an autoimmune disease?
A) Hashimoto's thyroiditis
B) Multiple sclerosis
C) Atopic dermatitis
D) Glomerulonephritis
Section: 15.06
Topic: Clinical applications of the lymphatic system
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L12.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the lymphatic and immune systems could not maintain homeostasis.
90) Immune complex diseases are the result of widespread and continuous ________.
A) inflammation
B) fever
C) auto-antibody production
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 15.06
Topic: Clinical applications of the lymphatic system
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L12.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the lymphatic and immune systems could not maintain homeostasis.
91) Delayed hypersensitivity is most often treated with antihistamines.
Section: 15.06
Topic: Applied immunology; Clinical applications of the lymphatic system
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L12.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the lymphatic and immune systems could not maintain homeostasis.
92) Which of the following is involved with delayed hypersensitivity?
A) Contact dermatitis
B) IgE secretion
C) Hay fever
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 15.06
Topic: Clinical applications of the lymphatic system
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L12.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the lymphatic and immune systems could not maintain homeostasis.
93) The difficulty breathing in asthma can be explained by the release of ________.
A) nitric oxide
B) leukotrienes
C) antihistamine
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 15.06
Topic: Clinical applications of the lymphatic system
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L12.01 Predict factors or situations affecting the lymphatic and immune systems that could disrupt homeostasis.
94) Immediate hypersensitivity is mediated by ________, while delayed hypersensitivity is mediated by ________.
A) T lymphocytes; antibodies
B) histamine; leukotrienes
C) antibodies; T lymphocytes
D) histamine; haptens
Section: 15.06
Topic: Clinical applications of the lymphatic system
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L08.02d With respect to B cells and T cells, compare and contrast the defense mechanisms and functions.; L12.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the lymphatic and immune systems could not maintain homeostasis.
95) Active immunity can be acquired in a number of ways. Which scenario exhibits how active immunity is acquired?
A) A person experiences a viral infection.
B) An immunocompetent person receives a blood transfusion to receive donor immunoglobulins.
C) A fetus is exposed to antigens in the mother's bloodstream, and develops immunoglobulins.
D) A mother passes antibodies on to her baby through breast milk.
Section: 15.04
Topic: Adaptive immunity; Applied immunology
Bloom's: 4. Analyze
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L10.01 Distinguish between active and passive immunity.; L10.02 Describe natural and artificial examples of both active and passive immunity.; L08.02c In relation to B cells and T cells, compare and contrast the mechanisms of antigen challenge and the clonal selection processes, including effector cells, helper cells, memory cells, and important cytokines.
96) A patient is born with several autoimmune diseases and severe allergies. This patient most likely has a deficiency of ________.
A) cytotoxic T cells
B) regulatory T cells
C) plasma cells
D) helper T cells
Section: 15.03
Topic: Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity; Applied immunology; Clinical applications of the lymphatic system
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L12.01 Predict factors or situations affecting the lymphatic and immune systems that could disrupt homeostasis.; L08.01 Distinguish among the various types of lymphocytes, including helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells, regulatory (or suppressor) T cells, B cells, plasma cells, and memory cells.; L08.02b In relation to B cells and T cells, compare and contrast the sites where the cells originate and achieve their immunocompetence, and the primary location of the immunocompetent cells in the body.
97) Select the statement that correctly describes the differences between specific and nonspecific immunity.
A) Specific immunity is provided by epithelial tissues.
B) Nonspecific immunity is innate and genetically determined.
C) Only cells and tissues of both types of immunity express receptors for specific pathogens.
D) Nonspecific immunity relies on proper functioning of specific immunity for activation and recognition of pathogens.
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nonspecific immunity; Lymphocytes and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L04.04 Analyze ways in which the innate and adaptive body defenses cooperate to enhance the overall resistance to disease.; L04.02 Define immunity and the immune system.
98) The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is able to cause widespread immunodeficiency because ________.
A) the HIV virus infiltrates the cells responsible for innate immunity, the first line of defense against pathogens
B) the HIV virus blocks the activation of the complement system
C) through infection of T cells, HIV prevents the product of antibodies against the virus
D) the HIV virus interferes with activation of both B cells and T cells
Section: 15.03
Topic: Adaptive immunity; Clinical applications of the lymphatic system
Bloom's: 4. Analyze
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L12.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the lymphatic and immune systems could not maintain homeostasis.; L11.01 Provide specific examples to demonstrate how the lymphatic and immune systems respond to maintain homeostasis in the body.
Document Information
Connected Book
Human Physiology 15e | Test Bank with Answer Key by Stuart Fox
By Stuart Fox, Krista Rompolski