Blood & Circulation – Ch13 | Test Bank – 15th Ed - Human Physiology 15e | Test Bank with Answer Key by Stuart Fox by Stuart Fox, Krista Rompolski. DOCX document preview.
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Human Physiology, 15e (Fox)
Chapter 13 Blood, Heart, and Circulation
1) The circulatory system helps to maintain normal body temperature.
Section: 13.01
Topic: General functions of the cardiovascular system; Body temperature regulation
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K01.01 Describe the major functions of the cardiovascular system.
2) Transportation functions of the circulatory system include ________.
A) carrying oxygen and carbon dioxide
B) carrying metabolic waste
C) carrying leukocytes
D) carrying absorbed products of digestion
E) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 13.01
Topic: General functions of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K01.01 Describe the major functions of the cardiovascular system.
3) The circulatory system is able to provide regulation of other body systems by circulating ________.
A) clotting
B) hormones
C) immunity
D) blood gases
Section: 13.01
Topic: General functions of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K01.01 Describe the major functions of the cardiovascular system.
4) How does the circulatory system function in a protective role in the body?
A) Prevents blood loss through clotting
B) Leukocytes fight infection
C) Delivers leukocytes to areas of inflammation and infection
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 13.01
Topic: General functions of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K01.01 Describe the major functions of the cardiovascular system.
5) Interstitial fluid is derived from ________.
A) lymph
B) cells
C) plasma
D) formed elements
Section: 13.01
Topic: Composition of blood plasma; Introduction to body fluids and fluid compartments
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K02.01 Describe the overall composition of plasma, including the major types of plasma proteins, their functions and where in the body they are produced.
6) Arteries usually carry oxygen-rich blood toward the heart.
Section: 13.01
Topic: Anatomy and functional roles of blood vessel types; Systemic blood circulation
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K13.01b State which blood vessel type carries oxygen-rich blood and which type carries oxygen-poor blood in systemic and pulmonary circuits.; K03.03a With respect to the functional roles of formed elements, state the function of red blood cells.
7) The "buffy coat" is made up of thrombocytes and leukocytes.
Section: 13.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy of formed elements of blood
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K03.01b With respect to the structure and numbers of formed elements in blood, compare and contrast the morphological features of erythrocytes and the five types of leukocytes.; K03.01a Identify microscopically each of the following: erythrocytes (red blood cells or RBCs), the five types of leukocytes (white blood cells or WBCs), and thrombocytes (platelets).
8) Damage to capillaries would prevent cells from exchanging gases and nutrients with one another.
Section: 13.01
Topic: Anatomy and functional roles of blood vessel types; Capillary exchange
Bloom's: 4. Analyze
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K12.04a Correlate the anatomical structure of capillaries with their functions.
9) Dark red colored blood would be found in the ________, traveling to the ________.
A) arteries; heart
B) veins; heart
C) heart; veins
D) capillaries; arteries
Section: 13.02
Topic: Venous blood return; Systemic blood circulation
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K13.01b State which blood vessel type carries oxygen-rich blood and which type carries oxygen-poor blood in systemic and pulmonary circuits.
10) How much blood does the average-sized adult have?
A) 2 liters
B) 4 liters
C) 5 liters
D) 7 liters
Section: 13.02
Topic: Systemic blood circulation
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K03.01c With respect to the structure and numbers of formed elements in blood, state the normal ranges for erythrocyte counts and hematocrit (both male and female), total leukocyte count, and platelet count.
11) A normal hematocrit for women would be ________.
A) 30%
B) 40%
C) 48%
D) 52%
Section: 13.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy of formed elements of blood
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K03.01c With respect to the structure and numbers of formed elements in blood, state the normal ranges for erythrocyte counts and hematocrit (both male and female), total leukocyte count, and platelet count.
12) If blood was only serum, it would lack the ability to stop bleeding when necessary.
Section: 13.02
Topic: Composition of blood plasma; Microscopic anatomy of formed elements of blood
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K02.01 Describe the overall composition of plasma, including the major types of plasma proteins, their functions and where in the body they are produced.
13) The major plasma protein is ________.
A) alpha globulin
B) beta globulin
C) fibrinogen
D) albumin
Section: 13.02
Topic: Composition of blood plasma
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K02.01 Describe the overall composition of plasma, including the major types of plasma proteins, their functions and where in the body they are produced.
14) Decreased liver protein synthesis would cause the amount of ________ and ________ in the blood to be decreased.
A) thromboplastin; RBCs
B) RBCs; WBCs
C) albumin; fibrinogen
D) platelets; albumin
Section: 13.02
Topic: Composition of blood plasma; Hemostasis, including coagulation of blood; Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K02.01 Describe the overall composition of plasma, including the major types of plasma proteins, their functions and where in the body they are produced.
15) Blood globulins include which of the following types?
A) Alpha globulins
B) Beta globulins
C) Gamma globulins
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 13.02
Topic: Composition of blood plasma
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K02.01 Describe the overall composition of plasma, including the major types of plasma proteins, their functions and where in the body they are produced.
16) Which blood globulin is an antibody that helps fight infection?
A) Alpha globulin
B) Beta globulin
C) Gamma globulin
D) None of the choices are correct.
Section: 13.02
Topic: Composition of blood plasma; Antibodies and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K02.01 Describe the overall composition of plasma, including the major types of plasma proteins, their functions and where in the body they are produced.
17) Individuals with an increased hematocrit would likely be anemic.
Section: 13.02
Topic: Functional roles of formed elements of blood; Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K03.01c With respect to the structure and numbers of formed elements in blood, state the normal ranges for erythrocyte counts and hematocrit (both male and female), total leukocyte count, and platelet count.; K16.01 Predict factors or situations affecting the cardiovascular system that could disrupt homeostasis.
18) A normal red blood cell count is in the range of ________ /mm3.
A) 4.23–5.98 million
B) 4,300–10,800
C) 120–220
D) 130,000–400,000
Section: 13.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy of formed elements of blood
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K03.01c With respect to the structure and numbers of formed elements in blood, state the normal ranges for erythrocyte counts and hematocrit (both male and female), total leukocyte count, and platelet count.
19) Having no nucleus, a biconcave shape, and the function of gas transport would describe a ________.
A) red blood cell
B) platelet
C) white blood cell
D) albumin
Section: 13.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy of formed elements of blood
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K03.01b With respect to the structure and numbers of formed elements in blood, compare and contrast the morphological features of erythrocytes and the five types of leukocytes.; K03.01a Identify microscopically each of the following: erythrocytes (red blood cells or RBCs), the five types of leukocytes (white blood cells or WBCs), and thrombocytes (platelets).
20) Which part of the red blood cell can bind to oxygen?
A) Globin part of hemoglobin
B) Cell cytoplasm
C) Heme part of hemoglobin
D) Plasma membrane
Section: 13.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy of formed elements of blood; Mechanisms of gas transport in the blood
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K03.03b With respect to the functional roles of formed elements, discuss the structure and function of hemoglobin, as well as its breakdown products.
21) Iron is transported in the blood by the protein ________.
A) globin
B) fibrinogen
C) transferrin
D) albumin
Section: 13.02
Topic: Functional roles of formed elements of blood
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K03.03b With respect to the functional roles of formed elements, discuss the structure and function of hemoglobin, as well as its breakdown products.
22) A patient has a large portion of his stomach removed during a weight reduction surgery. Following this procedure, he experiences fatigue and is short of breath upon exertion. His surgery most likely resulted in ________.
A) iron-deficiency anemia
B) pernicious anemia
C) aplastic anemia
D) leukemia
Section: 13.02
Topic: Functional roles of formed elements of blood; Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 4. Analyze
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K16.01 Predict factors or situations affecting the cardiovascular system that could disrupt homeostasis.
23) Polycythemia would be induced by ________ in the blood.
A) decreased oxygen
B) increased oxygen
C) decreased carbon dioxide
D) increased infection
Section: 13.02
Topic: Functional roles of formed elements of blood; Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K15.01 Provide specific examples to demonstrate how the cardiovascular system responds to maintain homeostasis in the body.
24) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of white blood cells?
A) Have nuclei and mitochondria
B) Have amoeboid movement
C) Can leave blood vessels
D) Make up the major formed element
Section: 13.02
Topic: Functional roles of formed elements of blood
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K03.01b With respect to the structure and numbers of formed elements in blood, compare and contrast the morphological features of erythrocytes and the five types of leukocytes.
25) The most common type of anemia is ________.
A) polycythemia
B) pernicious anemia
C) iron-deficiency anemia
D) aplastic anemia
Section: 13.02
Topic: Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K16.01 Predict factors or situations affecting the cardiovascular system that could disrupt homeostasis.
26) The most abundant leukocytes in the blood are the ________.
A) eosinophils
B) basophils
C) neutrophils
D) monocytes
Section: 13.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy of formed elements of blood
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K03.01d With respect to the structure and numbers of formed elements in blood, list the five types of leukocytes in order of their relative prevalence in normal blood and classify each type as granulocyte or agranulocyte.
27) Which of the following is NOT a granulocyte?
A) Neutrophil
B) Eosinophil
C) Monocyte
D) Basophil
Section: 13.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy of formed elements of blood
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K03.01b With respect to the structure and numbers of formed elements in blood, compare and contrast the morphological features of erythrocytes and the five types of leukocytes.; K03.01d With respect to the structure and numbers of formed elements in blood, list the five types of leukocytes in order of their relative prevalence in normal blood and classify each type as granulocyte or agranulocyte.
28) Which of the following cells produces antibodies?
A) Monocyte
B) Plasma cell
C) Basophil
D) Neutrophil
Section: 13.02
Topic: Functional roles of formed elements of blood; Antibodies and their role in adaptive immunity
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K03.03c With respect to the functional roles of formed elements, describe functions for each of the five major types of leukocytes as well as the two major subtypes of lymphocytes (T and B).
29) Blood would clot more slowly in an individual with 100,000 platelets/mm3.
Section: 13.02
Topic: Functional roles of formed elements of blood; Hemostasis, including coagulation of blood
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K03.01c With respect to the structure and numbers of formed elements in blood, state the normal ranges for erythrocyte counts and hematocrit (both male and female), total leukocyte count, and platelet count.
30) Leukocytes secrete serotonin, which will reduce the loss of blood.
Section: 13.02
Topic: Functional roles of formed elements of blood; Hemostasis, including coagulation of blood
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K03.03d With respect to the functional roles of formed elements, state the function of platelets.
31) The development of ________ would be inhibited if the actions of granulocyte colony stimulating factor were blocked.
A) thrombocytes
B) neutrophils
C) erythrocytes
D) lymphocytes
Section: 13.02
Topic: Functional roles of formed elements of blood
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K03.02c With respect to development of formed elements, discuss the difference in leukopoiesis of granulocytes and agranulocytes.
32) The process of blood cell formation is ________.
A) leukocytosis
B) polycythemia
C) hematopoiesis
D) hemogenesis
Section: 13.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy of formed elements of blood
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K03.02a With respect to development of formed elements, describe the location of hematopoiesis and the significance of the pluripotent stem cell (hemocytoblast).
33) What is the major hematopoietic organ in the fetus?
A) Liver
B) Spleen
C) Red bone marrow
D) Kidneys
Section: 13.02
Topic: Fetal blood circulation
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K03.02a With respect to development of formed elements, describe the location of hematopoiesis and the significance of the pluripotent stem cell (hemocytoblast).
34) Which organ secretes erythropoietin?
A) Kidneys
B) Liver
C) Bone marrow
D) Lungs
Section: 13.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy of formed elements of blood; Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K03.02b With respect to development of formed elements, explain the basic process of erythropoiesis, the significance of the reticulocyte, and regulation through erythropoietin.
35) What is the stimulus for the release of erythropoietin?
A) Low RBC count
B) Decreased blood oxygen levels
C) Low amount of hemoglobin
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 13.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy of formed elements of blood; Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K03.02b With respect to development of formed elements, explain the basic process of erythropoiesis, the significance of the reticulocyte, and regulation through erythropoietin.
36) What substances are needed to produce red blood cells?
A) Vitamin B12
B) Folic acid
C) Iron
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 13.02
Topic: Microscopic anatomy of formed elements of blood
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K03.02b With respect to development of formed elements, explain the basic process of erythropoiesis, the significance of the reticulocyte, and regulation through erythropoietin.
37) How does hepcidin function in iron homeostasis?
A) Increases production of transferrin
B) Promotes cellular storage of iron by removing ferroportin channels in enterocytes
C) Promotes production and insertion of ferroportin channels in enterocytes
D) Increases macrophage destruction of old red blood cells to release iron
Section: 13.02
Topic: Functional roles of formed elements of blood
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K03.02b With respect to development of formed elements, explain the basic process of erythropoiesis, the significance of the reticulocyte, and regulation through erythropoietin.; K03.03b With respect to the functional roles of formed elements, discuss the structure and function of hemoglobin, as well as its breakdown products.
38) When the wrong blood type is given to a patient, the antibodies in the patient's blood react with the antigens on the surface of the transfused blood causing a reaction called ________.
A) neutralization
B) precipitation
C) agglutination
D) coagulation
Section: 13.02
Topic: ABO and Rh blood grouping; Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K05.05 Predict which blood types are compatible and what happens when the incorrect ABO or Rh blood type is transfused.
39) John has blood type B. In an emergency, John could receive which of the following blood types?
A) B only
B) AB only
C) O only
D) B or O
Section: 13.02
Topic: ABO and Rh blood grouping; Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K05.06 State which blood type is considered the universal donor and which blood type is considered the universal recipient, and explain why.
40) What type of antigens are present in Type O blood?
A) A only
B) B only
C) Both A and B
D) Neither A nor B
Section: 13.02
Topic: ABO and Rh blood grouping
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K05.02 List the type of antigen and the type of antibodies present in each ABO blood type.
41) Erythroblastosis fetalis occurs when ________.
A) the mother has blood type A and the fetus has blood type O
B) the mother has Rh+ blood and the fetus has Rh− blood
C) the mother has Rh− blood and the fetus has Rh+ blood
D) the mother has type AB blood and the fetus has type O blood
Section: 13.02
Topic: ABO and Rh blood grouping; Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K16.01 Predict factors or situations affecting the cardiovascular system that could disrupt homeostasis.; K05.03 Describe how the presence or absence of Rh antigen results in blood being classified as positive or negative.
42) A person with Rh− blood will normally have antibodies against Rh present in their blood.
Section: 13.02
Topic: ABO and Rh blood grouping
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K05.03 Describe how the presence or absence of Rh antigen results in blood being classified as positive or negative.
43) Mary has type AB blood. Which type of antibodies is present in her plasma?
A) Anti-A
B) Anti-B
C) Anti-A and anti-B
D) Neither anti-A nor anti-B
Section: 13.02
Topic: ABO and Rh blood grouping
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K05.02 List the type of antigen and the type of antibodies present in each ABO blood type.
44) The prostaglandin, thromboxane A2, stimulates ________.
A) vasodilation
B) platelet aggregation
C) platelet repelling
D) vasoconstriction
Section: 13.02
Topic: Hemostasis, including coagulation of blood
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K04.06 Explain the mechanisms of action and give examples of procoagulants, anticoagulants and fibrinolytic drugs.
45) Prostacyclin, PGI2, prevents ________.
A) vasomotion
B) platelet aggregation
C) vasoconstriction
D) clot retraction
Section: 13.02
Topic: Hemostasis, including coagulation of blood
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K04.06 Explain the mechanisms of action and give examples of procoagulants, anticoagulants and fibrinolytic drugs.
46) Which substance does NOT inhibit platelet aggregation?
A) Nitric oxide
B) Prostacyclin
C) von Willebrand factor
D) CD39
Section: 13.02
Topic: Hemostasis, including coagulation of blood
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K04.06 Explain the mechanisms of action and give examples of procoagulants, anticoagulants and fibrinolytic drugs.
47) Which of the following stimulates the formation of the platelet plug?
A) von Willebrand's factor
B) ADP
C) Thromboxane A2
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 13.02
Topic: Hemostasis, including coagulation of blood
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K04.02b Describe the role of platelets and the steps involved in the formation of the platelet plug.
48) The platelet release reaction is initiated by platelets binding to exposed collagen in a broken membrane.
Section: 13.02
Topic: Hemostasis, including coagulation of blood
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K04.02b Describe the role of platelets and the steps involved in the formation of the platelet plug.
49) Damage to tissues stimulates the activation of the ________ pathway.
A) complement
B) hemophilic
C) intrinsic
D) extrinsic
Section: 13.02
Topic: Hemostasis, including coagulation of blood
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K04.02d Differentiate between the intrinsic and extrinsic clotting mechanisms of hemostasis.
50) What ion is necessary for the clotting process?
A) Na+
B) K+
C) Ca2+
D) Mg2+
Section: 13.02
Topic: Hemostasis, including coagulation of blood
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K04.04 Explain the role of calcium ions and vitamin K in blood clotting.
51) What is the role of serotonin in blood clotting?
A) Causes platelets to become sticky
B) Enhances the platelet release reaction
C) Causes vasoconstriction of blood vessels to slow loss of blood
D) Converts fibrinogen to fibrin
Section: 13.02
Topic: Hemostasis, including coagulation of blood
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K04.02a Describe the vascular phase including the role of endothelial cells of hemostasis.
52) Hemophilia is ________.
A) an X-linked trait
B) more prevalent in women
C) results in excessive blood clots
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 13.02
Topic: Hemostasis, including coagulation of blood; Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K16.01 Predict factors or situations affecting the cardiovascular system that could disrupt homeostasis.
53) Aspirin inhibits blood clotting by directly preventing ________.
A) thrombin formation
B) platelet plug formation
C) fibrin formation
D) clot retraction
Section: 13.02
Topic: Hemostasis, including coagulation of blood
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K04.06 Explain the mechanisms of action and give examples of procoagulants, anticoagulants and fibrinolytic drugs.
54) The final protein that forms a blood clot is ________.
A) fibrin
B) thrombin
C) thromboplastin
D) plasmin
Section: 13.02
Topic: Hemostasis, including coagulation of blood
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K04.02c Describe the basic steps involved in the formation of the insoluble fibrin clot of hemostasis.
55) Both the intrinsic and extrinsic clotting pathways activate factors that ________.
A) convert prothrombin to thrombin
B) convert fibrinogen to fibrin
C) convert plasminogen to plasmin
D) None of the choices are correct.
Section: 13.02
Topic: Hemostasis, including coagulation of blood
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K04.02d Differentiate between the intrinsic and extrinsic clotting mechanisms of hemostasis.
56) What is the enzyme that converts soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin?
A) Prothrombin
B) Thrombin
C) Thromboplastin
D) Plasmin
Section: 13.02
Topic: Hemostasis, including coagulation of blood
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K04.02c Describe the basic steps involved in the formation of the insoluble fibrin clot of hemostasis.
57) Kallikrein is responsible for ________.
A) clot dissolution
B) serum production
C) platelet plug formation
D) fibrin formation
Section: 13.02
Topic: Hemostasis, including coagulation of blood
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K04.06 Explain the mechanisms of action and give examples of procoagulants, anticoagulants and fibrinolytic drugs.; K04.05 Discuss the process of fibrinolysis, including the roles of plasminogen, tissue plasminogen activator and plasmin.
58) Vitamin K is needed for ________.
A) proper clotting factor function
B) directly activating fibrinogen
C) directly stabilizing the fibrin polymer
D) activating antithrombin III
Section: 13.02
Topic: Hemostasis, including coagulation of blood
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K04.04 Explain the role of calcium ions and vitamin K in blood clotting.
59) Which anticoagulant and its action is NOT correctly matched?
A) Aspirin—inhibits prostaglandin production and platelet aggregation
B) Heparin—inhibits action of thrombin
C) Coumadin—inhibits tissue thromboplastin
D) Citrate—combines with calcium to prevent its function with clotting factors
Section: 13.02
Topic: Hemostasis, including coagulation of blood
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K04.06 Explain the mechanisms of action and give examples of procoagulants, anticoagulants and fibrinolytic drugs.
60) The pulmonary veins return oxygen depleted blood to the right atrium.
Section: 13.03
Topic: Anatomy and functional roles of blood vessel types; Venous blood return; Systemic blood circulation
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K08.01 Identify the major blood vessels entering and leaving the heart and classify them as either an artery or a vein and as containing either oxygen-rich or oxygen-poor blood.
61) The pathway of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart is the ________ circulation.
A) cardiac
B) systemic
C) pulmonary
D) pleural
Section: 13.03
Topic: Pulmonary blood circulation
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K13.01a Describe the systemic and pulmonary circuits and discuss the functions of each.
62) The oxygen content of arteries in the pulmonary circulation is high.
Section: 13.03
Topic: Pulmonary blood circulation
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K08.01 Identify the major blood vessels entering and leaving the heart and classify them as either an artery or a vein and as containing either oxygen-rich or oxygen-poor blood.
63) A greater pressure in the right ventricle than the aorta causes the pulmonary valve to open.
Section: 13.03
Topic: Blood flow through the heart
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K06.04 Compare and contrast the structure and function of the atrioventricular and the semilunar valves.
64) If the ________ were not properly functioning, congestion in the venous system would be an expected sign.
A) tricuspid valve
B) bicuspid valve
C) mitral valve
D) pulmonary semilunar valve
Section: 13.03
Topic: Gross anatomy of the heart; Blood flow through the heart
Bloom's: 4. Analyze
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K06.03 Identify and describe the function of the primary internal structures of the heart, including chambers, septa, valves, papillary muscles, chordae tendineae, and venous and arterial openings.
65) What structures keep the AV valves from everting under high ventricular pressure?
A) Annuli fibrosis
B) Interventricular and interatrial septa
C) Papillary muscles and chordae tendineae
D) Semilunar valves
Section: 13.03
Topic: Gross anatomy of the heart; Blood flow through the heart
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K06.03 Identify and describe the function of the primary internal structures of the heart, including chambers, septa, valves, papillary muscles, chordae tendineae, and venous and arterial openings.
66) The amount of blood ejected by the ventricles per beat is termed the ________.
A) cardiac output
B) end diastolic volume
C) blood pressure
D) stroke volume
Section: 13.04
Topic: Regulation of cardiac output, stroke volume and heart rate
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K11.01a Define cardiac output, and state its units of measurement.
67) Closure of the atrioventricular valves occurs at the end of diastole/beginning of systole.
Section: 13.04
Topic: Cardiac cycle
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K10.05 Relate the opening and closing of specific heart valves in each phase of the cardiac cycle to pressure changes in the heart chambers.
68) During isovolumetric ventricular contraction, ventricular pressure is ________.
A) increasing
B) decreasing
C) unchanged
Section: 13.04
Topic: Cardiac cycle
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K10.02 Describe the phases of the cardiac cycle including ventricular filling, isovolumetric contraction, ventricular ejection, and isovolumetric relaxation.; K10.07 Define systolic and diastolic blood pressure and interpret a graph of aortic pressure versus time during the cardiac cycle.
69) During isovolumetric ventricular relaxation ________.
A) left ventricular pressure exceeds aortic pressure
B) atrial pressure is less than ventricular pressure
C) ventricular pressure is increasing
D) the atrioventricular valves are open
Section: 13.04
Topic: Cardiac cycle
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K10.02 Describe the phases of the cardiac cycle including ventricular filling, isovolumetric contraction, ventricular ejection, and isovolumetric relaxation.; K10.07 Define systolic and diastolic blood pressure and interpret a graph of aortic pressure versus time during the cardiac cycle.
70) The first heart sound is produced when the semilunar valves close.
Section: 13.04
Topic: Cardiac cycle
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K10.06 Relate the heart sounds to the events of the cardiac cycle.
71) Heart murmurs may be caused by ________. This causes valves to be less compliant, creating difficulty for blood to move from one chamber to another.
A) stenosis
B) fibrillation
C) regurgitation
D) septal defects
Section: 13.03
Topic: Blood flow through the heart; Cardiac cycle; Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K16.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the cardiovascular system could not maintain homeostasis.
72) In the fetus, blood can flow from the right atrium to the left atrium through the ________.
A) tricuspid valve
B) ductus arteriosus
C) foramen ovale
D) ductus venosus
Section: 13.03
Topic: Fetal blood circulation
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K13.04b Identify the ductus venosus, foramen ovale, and ductus arteriosus and explain their roles in fetal circulation.
73) Valves are said to be ________ when they do not close properly and blood leaks through them.
A) stenotic
B) weak
C) incompetent
D) flappy
Section: 13.03
Topic: Blood flow through the heart; Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K16.01 Predict factors or situations affecting the cardiovascular system that could disrupt homeostasis.
74) Systole refers to the ________ of the ventricles, when pressure is ________.
A) relaxation; lowest
B) filling; highest
C) contraction; highest
D) blood flow; lowest
Section: 13.04
Topic: Cardiac cycle
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K10.01 Define cardiac cycle, systole, and diastole.
75) Increasing the time that the heart spends in diastole has the potential to increase stroke volume.
Section: 13.04
Topic: Cardiac cycle
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K10.02 Describe the phases of the cardiac cycle including ventricular filling, isovolumetric contraction, ventricular ejection, and isovolumetric relaxation.
76) What causes the semilunar valves to close?
A) Higher pressure in the ventricles than in the atria
B) Higher pressure in the aorta and pulmonary trunk than in the ventricles
C) Higher pressure in the atria than in the ventricles
D) Higher pressure in the ventricles than aorta and pulmonary trunk
Section: 13.04
Topic: Cardiac cycle
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K10.05 Relate the opening and closing of specific heart valves in each phase of the cardiac cycle to pressure changes in the heart chambers.
77) What occurs when the pressure in the ventricles drops below the pressure of the atria?
A) AV valves open
B) AV valves close
C) SL valves open
D) SL valves close
Section: 13.04
Topic: Cardiac cycle
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K10.05 Relate the opening and closing of specific heart valves in each phase of the cardiac cycle to pressure changes in the heart chambers.
78) The ventricles completely empty when they contract in systole.
Section: 13.04
Topic: Cardiac cycle
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K11.02a Define end diastolic volume (EDV) and end systolic volume (ESV) and calculate stroke volume (SV) given values for EDV and ESV.
79) A medication that blocks the calcium channels in the heart muscle would cause a decrease in heart rate.
Section: 13.05
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram; Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K09.01a List the parts of the conduction system of the heart and explain how the system functions.
80) Cardiac ________ channels are called hyperpolarization cyclic nucleotide (HCN) channels because they open in response to hyperpolarization.
A) atrial
B) Purkinje
C) pacemaker
D) ventricular
Section: 13.05
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K07.02 Contrast the way action potentials are generated in cardiac pacemaker cells, in cardiac contractile cells and in skeletal muscle cells.
81) The myocardium acts as a single unit called a(n) ________.
A) multi-unit muscle
B) pacemaker
C) isoelectric unit
D) functional syncytium
Section: 13.05
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K06.06 Identify myocardium and describe its histological structure, including the significance of intercalated discs.; K07.02 Contrast the way action potentials are generated in cardiac pacemaker cells, in cardiac contractile cells and in skeletal muscle cells.
82) What part of the heart's conduction system acts as the primary pacemaker?
A) SA node
B) AV node
C) Bundle of His
D) Purkinje fibers
Section: 13.05
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram; Regulation of cardiac output, stroke volume and heart rate
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K09.01a List the parts of the conduction system of the heart and explain how the system functions.
83) The action potential of cardiac pacemaker cells is caused by ________.
A) inward diffusion of Na+
B) inward diffusion of Ca2+
C) inward diffusion of K+
D) outward diffusion of K+
Section: 13.05
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K07.02 Contrast the way action potentials are generated in cardiac pacemaker cells, in cardiac contractile cells and in skeletal muscle cells.
84) The action potential of non-pacemaker cells is due to the ________.
A) inward diffusion of Na+
B) inward diffusion of Ca2+
C) inward diffusion of K+
D) outward diffusion of K+
Section: 13.05
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K07.02 Contrast the way action potentials are generated in cardiac pacemaker cells, in cardiac contractile cells and in skeletal muscle cells.
85) The ________ conducts impulses from the AV node to the bundle branches, which lead to the Purkinje fibers.
A) AV valve
B) ventricular septum
C) AV bundle
D) SA node
Section: 13.05
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K09.01a List the parts of the conduction system of the heart and explain how the system functions.
86) Digitalis leads to increased intracellular calcium concentrations. This will create ________ myocardial contractions.
A) slower
B) stronger
C) weaker
D) None of the choices are correct.
Section: 13.05
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram; Clinical applications of the cardiovascular center
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K07.02 Contrast the way action potentials are generated in cardiac pacemaker cells, in cardiac contractile cells and in skeletal muscle cells.
87) The ________ are the last part of the electrical conducting system of the heart.
A) SA node
B) AV bundle
C) Bundle of His
D) Purkinje fibers
Section: 13.05
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K09.01a List the parts of the conduction system of the heart and explain how the system functions.
88) Ca2+ release channels in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of the heart are opened by an increase in Ca2+ in the cytoplasm. This is referred to as ________.
A) calcium-induced fibrillation
B) calcium-stimulated depolarization
C) calcium-stimulated calcium release
D) calcium-induced repolarization
Section: 13.05
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K07.01 List the phases of the cardiac muscle action potential and explain the ion movements that occur in each phase.
89) Myocardial cells exhibit a plateau phase instead of quickly repolarizing. This is due to ________.
A) inward diffusion of calcium through slow Ca2+ channels
B) inward diffusion of sodium through fast Na+ channels
C) inward diffusion of potassium through voltage-gated K+ channels
D) outward pumping of sodium by the Na+/K+ pump
Section: 13.05
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K07.03 Explain the significance of the plateau phase in the action potential of a cardiac contractile cell.
90) The production and conduction of action potentials in the heart produces a recordable tracing of the electrical activity of the heart called a(n) ________.
A) EMG
B) depolarization
C) heart scan
D) ECG
Section: 13.05
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K09.02b In the electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG), relate the waveforms to atrial and ventricular depolarization and repolarization and to the activity of the conduction system.
91) The T wave of the ECG represents atrial repolarization.
Section: 13.05
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K09.02b In the electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG), relate the waveforms to atrial and ventricular depolarization and repolarization and to the activity of the conduction system.
92) An ECG lacking a T wave would occur if the sinoatrial node were not functioning.
Section: 13.05
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K09.02b In the electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG), relate the waveforms to atrial and ventricular depolarization and repolarization and to the activity of the conduction system.
93) Medications that are used to treat arrhythmias may use which of the following mechanisms?
A) Block β-adrenergic receptors.
B) Block fast Na+ channels.
C) Block slow Ca2+ channels.
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 13.05
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram; Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K11.03a Discuss the influence of positive and negative chronotropic agents on HR.
94) The P wave of an ECG represents ________.
A) atrial repolarization
B) atrial depolarization
C) ventricular repolarization
D) ventricular depolarization
Section: 13.05
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K09.02b In the electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG), relate the waveforms to atrial and ventricular depolarization and repolarization and to the activity of the conduction system.
95) Ventricular depolarization ________.
A) occurs prior to atrial depolarization
B) appears as the T wave on an ECG
C) appears as the P wave on an ECG
D) occurs after atrialdepolarization
Section: 13.05
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K09.02b In the electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG), relate the waveforms to atrial and ventricular depolarization and repolarization and to the activity of the conduction system.
96) Bipolar limb lead three uses the ________.
A) left and right arms
B) left arm and left leg
C) right arm and left leg
D) left arm and right leg
Section: 13.05
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K09.02b In the electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG), relate the waveforms to atrial and ventricular depolarization and repolarization and to the activity of the conduction system.
97) The S-T segment of an ECG represents ________.
A) atrial depolarization
B) passage of the electrical impulse to the atrioventricular node
C) ventricular depolarization
D) the plateau phase of the myocardial action potential
Section: 13.05
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K09.02b In the electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG), relate the waveforms to atrial and ventricular depolarization and repolarization and to the activity of the conduction system.
98) Failure of the SA node to depolarize would result in an ECG ________.
A) lacking a T wave
B) lacking a QRS complex
C) lacking a P wave
D) that is isoelectric
Section: 13.05
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram; Clinical applications of the cardiovascular center
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K09.02b In the electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG), relate the waveforms to atrial and ventricular depolarization and repolarization and to the activity of the conduction system.
99) The pressure of arterial blood is lower than the pressure of venous blood.
Section: 13.06
Topic: Blood pressure, peripheral resistance, and hemodynamics
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K12.01 Compare and contrast the structure of arteries and veins and arterioles and venules.; K14.01 Define blood flow, blood pressure and peripheral resistance.
100) Which of the following is NOT one of the three coats that comprise the walls of arteries and veins?
A) Tunica superficia
B) Tunica externa
C) Tunica media
D) Tunica interna
Section: 13.06
Topic: Anatomy and functional roles of blood vessel types
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K12.01 Compare and contrast the structure of arteries and veins and arterioles and venules.
101) Which vessels are most important for controlling resistance to blood flow?
A) Elastic arteries
B) Venules
C) Capillaries
D) Arterioles
Section: 13.06
Topic: Anatomy and functional roles of blood vessel types
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K12.02a List the types of arteries and veins.; K12.02b Correlate the anatomical structure of each type of blood vessel with its function.
102) All blood vessels are lined with ________.
A) the tunica externa
B) smooth muscle
C) endothelial cells
D) elastin
Section: 13.06
Topic: Anatomy and functional roles of blood vessel types
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K12.01 Compare and contrast the structure of arteries and veins and arterioles and venules.
103) Which capillaries have wide intercellular pores that serve as a basement membrane over the capillary endothelium for increased filtration?
A) True
B) Continuous
C) Fenestrated
D) Discontinuous
Section: 13.06
Topic: Anatomy and functional roles of blood vessel types
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K12.04b List types of capillaries and state where in the body each type is found.; K12.04c Correlate the anatomical structure of capillaries with their functions.
104) Within the blood vessels, valves are found in the ________.
A) arteries
B) capillaries
C) arterioles
D) veins
Section: 13.06
Topic: Anatomy and functional roles of blood vessel types
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K12.01 Compare and contrast the structure of arteries and veins and arterioles and venules.
105) Choose the incorrect statement regarding blood vessels.
A) Arteries contain more muscle than veins.
B) Smooth muscle surrounds capillaries.
C) Valves are found in veins but not arteries.
D) Discontinuous capillaries create sinusoids.
Section: 13.06
Topic: Anatomy and functional roles of blood vessel types
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K12.01 Compare and contrast the structure of arteries and veins and arterioles and venules.
106) Varicose veins can be caused by ________.
A) compression of abdominal aorta by a fetus during pregnancy
B) stiffened venous valves
C) excessive venous congestion
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 13.06
Topic: Anatomy and functional roles of blood vessel types
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K16.01 Predict factors or situations affecting the cardiovascular system that could disrupt homeostasis.
107) Hypoxia may stimulate new blood vessel growth.
Section: 13.06
Topic: Anatomy and functional roles of blood vessel types
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K15.01 Provide specific examples to demonstrate how the cardiovascular system responds to maintain homeostasis in the body.
108) Most of the circulating blood can be found in ________.
A) veins
B) capillaries
C) arterioles
D) arteries
Section: 13.06
Topic: Anatomy and functional roles of blood vessel types; Venous blood return; Systemic blood circulation
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K12.05 Describe the location and function of the venous reserve.
109) The first anatomical change associated with atherosclerosis is the appearance of ________.
A) monocytes
B) blood clots
C) fatty streaks
D) fibroblasts
Section: 13.07
Topic: Coronary blood circulation; Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K16.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the cardiovascular system could not maintain homeostasis.
110) Ischemic heart disease causes ________ on the ECG.
A) no P wave
B) no QRS complex
C) S-T depression
D) inverted P waves
Section: 13.07
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram; Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K09.02b In the electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG), relate the waveforms to atrial and ventricular depolarization and repolarization and to the activity of the conduction system.
111) The structure of a ________ includes a core of nonpolar triglycerides and cholesterol esters coated by proteins, phospholipids, and some free cholesterol.
A) lipoprotein
B) glycoprotein
C) nucleic acid
D) prostaglandin
Section: 13.07
Topic: Organic compounds
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O03.03f Compare and contrast the structure and function of different types of lipoproteins in the body.; K02.01 Describe the overall composition of plasma, including the major types of plasma proteins, their functions and where in the body they are produced.
112) Choose the correct statement regarding atherosclerosis.
A) It is most likely an inflammatory disease.
B) Blood C-reactive protein levels are better predictors than LDL cholesterol levels.
C) Antioxidants may be used to prevent or treat it.
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 13.07
Topic: Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K16.01 Predict factors or situations affecting the cardiovascular system that could disrupt homeostasis.; O03.03f Compare and contrast the structure and function of different types of lipoproteins in the body.
113) Oxidation of low-density lipoproteins causes ________.
A) fatty streak appearance
B) increased hepatic uptake of fats
C) monocyte conversion
D) increased LDL receptor synthesis
Section: 13.07
Topic: Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system; Organic compounds
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O03.03f Compare and contrast the structure and function of different types of lipoproteins in the body.; K02.01 Describe the overall composition of plasma, including the major types of plasma proteins, their functions and where in the body they are produced.
114) The possibility of an individual developing ischemic heart disease is ________.
A) decreased by increasing exercise
B) unaffected by smoking cessation
C) decreased by diets containing 50% fat
D) increased by diets low in saturated fat
Section: 13.07
Topic: Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K16.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the cardiovascular system could not maintain homeostasis.
115) In order to be effective against high cholesterol, statins must ________.
A) inhibit HMG-coenzyme A reductase
B) stimulate proconvertin
C) inhibit streptokinase
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 13.07
Topic: Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system; Metabolism of lipids
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K16.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the cardiovascular system could not maintain homeostasis.; C04.04e With respect to carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, discuss physiological and structural roles in the body.
116) Cardiac rates slower than 60 beats per minute indicate tachycardia.
Section: 13.07
Topic: Regulation of cardiac output, stroke volume and heart rate; Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K11.01c Predict how changes in heart rate (HR) and/or stroke volume (SV) will affect cardiac output.
117) Which type of an AV node block occurs when no atrial waves can pass through the AV node?
A) First-degree
B) Second-degree
C) Third-degree
D) Fourth-degree
Section: 13.07
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram; Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K09.01a List the parts of the conduction system of the heart and explain how the system functions.
118) Which type of an AV node block occurs when the rate of impulse conduction through the AV node exceeds 0.20 second?
A) First-degree
B) Second-degree
C) Third-degree
D) Fourth-degree
Section: 13.07
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram; Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K09.01a List the parts of the conduction system of the heart and explain how the system functions.; K16.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the cardiovascular system could not maintain homeostasis.
119) 0.12 to 0.20 second is the duration of the ________ in a normal heart.
A) diastole
B) QRS wave
C) Q-T interval
D) P-R interval
Section: 13.07
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K10.03 Relate the EKG waveforms to the normal mechanical events of the cardiac cycle.
120) In a complete AV node block, ________.
A) no signals pass into the ventricles
B) the atria will be paced by the SA node
C) the ventricles contract due to the Purkinje fiber pacemaker
D) All of the choices are correct.
Section: 13.07
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram; Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K09.01c Explain how the cardiac conduction system produces efficient pumping of blood.
121) Ventricular fibrillation ________.
A) occurs when the ventricles contract in a rapid, coordinated manner
B) is not life threatening
C) often occurs due to circus rhythms
D) is induced by defibrillators
Section: 13.07
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram; Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K09.01c Explain how the cardiac conduction system produces efficient pumping of blood.; K16.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the cardiovascular system could not maintain homeostasis.
122) Damage to the AV node could cause ________ on and ECG.
A) the absence of the T wave
B) multiple Q waves
C) multiple T waves
D) multiple P waves
Section: 13.07
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram; Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K09.02b Relate the waveforms to atrial and ventricular depolarization and repolarization and to the activity of the conduction system.; K16.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the cardiovascular system could not maintain homeostasis.
123) A continual recycling of electrical waves through the myocardium is called ________.
A) circus rhythm
B) atrial flutter
C) asystole
D) SA node block
Section: 13.07
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram; Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K09.01c Explain how the cardiac conduction system produces efficient pumping of blood.
124) Circus rhythms are NOT caused by ________.
A) damage to the myocardium
B) certain cells coming out of the refractory period too quickly
C) shortened myocardial cells
D) an electrical shock in the middle of a T wave
Section: 13.07
Topic: Physiology of cardiac muscle contraction and the electrocardiogram; Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K09.01c Explain how the cardiac conduction system produces efficient pumping of blood.
125) The ________ drains lymph into the left subclavian vein.
A) left lymphatic duct
B) common lymphatic duct
C) thoracic duct
D) subclavian duct
Section: 13.08
Topic: Anatomy of lymphatic capillaries, vessels, trunks and ducts
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L02.03 Describe the path of lymph circulation.
126) The lymphatic system can help cancer cells ________ since cancer cells may enter, circulate, and later exit porous lymphatic capillaries.
A) mutate
B) revert to normal cells
C) metastasize
D) die off
Section: 13.08
Topic: Anatomy of lymphatic capillaries, vessels, trunks and ducts; Clinical applications of the lymphatic system
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L03.02d Describe the function of the lymph nodes, thymus, spleen, tonsils and other aggregations of mucosae-associated lymphatic tissue (MALT).; L12.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the lymphatic and immune systems could not maintain homeostasis.
127) Functions of the lymphatic system include all of the following EXCEPT ________.
A) transport of interstitial fluid
B) transport of absorbed fat
C) providing immunological defense
D) transport of absorbed peptides
Section: 13.08
Topic: General functions of the lymphatic system and lymph
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L01.01 Describe the major functions of the lymphatic system.
128) Which of the following is a difference between veins and lymphatic vessels?
A) Three layers of cells
B) Valves
C) Lymph nodes
D) Peristaltic waves of contraction
Section: 13.08
Topic: Anatomy of lymphatic capillaries, vessels, trunks and ducts
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L02.01 Compare and contrast whole blood, plasma, interstitial fluid, and lymph.
129) Lymphatic vessels form a complete, closed circuit around the body.
Section: 13.08
Topic: Anatomy of lymphatic capillaries, vessels, trunks and ducts
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L02.03 Describe the path of lymph circulation.
130) Which of the following is NOT a lymphatic organ?
A) Tonsils
B) Lymph nodes
C) Thymus
D) Spleen
Section: 13.08
Topic: Anatomy of lymphatic cells, tissues and organs
Bloom's: 1. Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: L03.02a Identify and describe the gross anatomical features the lymph nodes, thymus, spleen, tonsils and other aggregations of mucosae-associated lymphatic tissue (MALT).
131) An elite marathon runner would likely benefit from increased oxygen carrying capacity in the blood from the use of ________, which would serve to ________.
A) hepcidin; increase leukopoiesis
B) erythropoietin; increase red blood cell formation
C) granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; erythrocyte production
D) thrombopoietin; increase megakaryocyte production
Section: 13.02
Topic: Functional roles of formed elements of blood; Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 3. Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K03.02b With respect to development of formed elements, explain the basic process of erythropoiesis, the significance of the reticulocyte, and regulation through erythropoietin.
132) Which of the following could explain a gradual decrease in erythropoietin (EPO) levels?
A) An inactive person beginning an exercise program
B) A patient with acute kidney disease
C) An endurance athlete traveling from sea level to the mountains for a month of training
D) A patient in recovery from surgery with substantial blood loss
Section: 13.02
Topic: Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system; Physiology of hormones and hormone secretion
Bloom's: 4. Analyze
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K03.02b With respect to development of formed elements, explain the basic process of erythropoiesis, the significance of the reticulocyte, and regulation through erythropoietin.
133) A patient demonstrates symptoms of consistent fatigue and lethargy with low blood pressure and elevated heart rate. Which of the following represents a correctly matched disease and cause that might be responsible for his condition?
A) Thrombocytosis; low dietary intakes of iron
B) Pernicious anemia; damage to the lining of the stomach
C) Leukocytosis; acute bacterial infection
D) Polycythemia; damage to bone marrow
Section: 13.02
Topic: Functional roles of formed elements of blood; Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 5. Evaluate
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HAPS Outcome: K03.02b With respect to development of formed elements, explain the basic process of erythropoiesis, the significance of the reticulocyte, and regulation through erythropoietin.
134) The presence of both type-B antibodies and type-B antigens are to agglutination as ________ is to ________.
A) hemostasis; clotting
B) vascular damage; hemostasis
C) fibrin; fibrinogen
D) coagulation; hemophilia
Section: 13.02
Topic: Hemostasis, including coagulation of blood; ABO and Rh blood grouping
Bloom's: 5. Evaluate
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K15.01 Provide specific examples to demonstrate how the cardiovascular system responds to maintain homeostasis in the body.; K05.02 List the type of antigen and the type of antibodies present in each ABO blood type.; K04.01 Distinguish between the terms hemostasis and coagulation.
135) What does it mean to be a universal recipient? A person with the blood type known as the universal recipient ________.
A) has type-O blood, which contains A and B antibodies
B) lacks the ability to produce antibodies for any donor blood type
C) has type-AB blood, which contains A and B agglutinins
D) expresses O agglutinogens along with A and B antibodies
Section: 13.02
Topic: ABO and Rh blood grouping
Bloom's: 4. Analyze
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HAPS Outcome: K05.06 State which blood type is considered the universal donor and which blood type is considered the universal recipient, and explain why.
136) In comparing the pulmonary and systemic circulations, the pulmonary circuit ________.
A) sends blood to the lungs, is involved with oxygenating blood, and involves the generation of much larger pressures
B) sends blood to the lungs, is involved with oxygenating blood, and involves much lower overall resistance to flow
C) sends blood throughout the body, is involved with decreasing blood carbon dioxide levels, and involves much lower overall resistance to flow
D) sends blood throughout the body, is involved with deoxygenating blood, and involves the generation of smaller pressures
Section: 13.03
Topic: Pulmonary blood circulation; Systemic blood circulation
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K13.01b State which blood vessel type carries oxygen-rich blood and which type carries oxygen-poor blood in systemic and pulmonary circuits.; K13.01a Describe the systemic and pulmonary circuits and discuss the functions of each.
137) The pulmonary semilunar valve is to the right ventricle as the ________ is to the ________.
A) mitral valve; pulmonary vein
B) tricuspid valve; right atrium
C) aortic valve; aorta
D) right atrioventricular valve; left ventricle
Section: 13.03
Topic: Gross anatomy of the heart
Bloom's: 5. Evaluate
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K08.02 Describe blood flow through the heart naming all chambers and valves passed.
138) The ________ of the heart are involved with ________.
A) atria; ejecting blood from the heart
B) lower chambers; moving blood into major arteries
C) upper chambers; receiving deoxygenated blood
D) left side; circulating blood high in carbon dioxide and low in oxygen
Section: 13.03
Topic: Gross anatomy of the heart; Blood flow through the heart
Bloom's: 2. Understand
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K08.02 Describe blood flow through the heart naming all chambers and valves passed.; K06.03 Identify and describe the function of the primary internal structures of the heart, including chambers, septa, valves, papillary muscles, chordae tendineae, and venous and arterial openings.
139) Following musculoskeletal surgery on the lower extremity, oftentimes a return to ambulation (walking) is prescribed as soon as possible to reduce edema. Why?
A) Promotes the inflammatory response and thus speeds healing
B) Promotes fluid return via alternating pressures created by muscular contractions
C) Increases muscular hypertrophy similar as with most exercise
D) Increases mechanical stimulation to fibroblasts and tissue repair
Section: 13.06
Topic: Venous blood return; Clinical applications of the lymphatic system
Bloom's: 4. Analyze
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: K14.08 Discuss how muscular compression and the respiratory pump aid venous return.
140) Development and prevention of atherosclerosis are complicated, multifactorial processes. Which of the following would best represent desired trends in preventing or slowing the onset of atherosclerosis?
A) Decreased C-reactive protein, increased circulating LDL levels, decreased freed radicals (oxidizing agents)
B) Decreased foam cell activity, increased statin inhibition of cholesterol synthesis, increased liver LDL receptors
C) Increased physical activity, smoking cessation, decreased intakes dietary fat including omega-3 fatty acids
Section: 13.07
Topic: Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system
Bloom's: 5. Evaluate
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
HAPS Outcome: O03.03f Compare and contrast the structure and function of different types of lipoproteins in the body.
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Connected Book
Human Physiology 15e | Test Bank with Answer Key by Stuart Fox
By Stuart Fox, Krista Rompolski