Ch13 Test Bank + Answers Homo Sapiens And The Evolution Of

a.

Africa; 300,000

c.

Africa; 190,000

b.

Asia; 40,000

d.

Europe; 100,000

a.

100 ka.

c.

60 ka.

b.

75 ka.

d.

25 ka.

a.

200,000

c.

4,000

b.

60,000

d.

1,000

a.

the components of modern human behavior and technology gradually evolving in Africa along with modern human morphology over a period of about 200,000 years.

b.

a human revolution in Asia 45,000 years ago.

c.

what seems like a revolutionary change in Europe that simply reflects the migration of modern people from Asia to Europe.

d.

modern human behavior appearing at about 12,000 years ago with the advent of Mode 4 tool industries.

a.

more procumbent face than that of Neanderthals.

b.

wide nasal aperture.

c.

larger brain.

d.

protruding chin.

a.

thicker bones.

b.

a rounded skull.

c.

a lack of a mental eminence (no chin).

d.

shorter stature across the entire species.

a.

an angled occipital.

c.

a small nasal aperture (nose).

b.

a low, retreating forehead.

d.

robust postcranial bones.

a.

900 cc.

c.

1,350 cc.

b.

1,000 cc.

d.

750 cc.

a.

is more robust than Neanderthal skeletons.

b.

includes heavily built hands.

c.

is characterized by long limbs with thin-walled bones.

d.

has a larger crural index.

a.

Homo ergaster

c.

Homo neanderthalensis

b.

Homo heidelbergensis

d.

Homo sapiens

a.

Homo ergaster

c.

Homo sapiens

b.

Homo heidelbergensis

d.

Homo neanderthalensis

a.

Homo ergaster

c.

Homo sapiens

b.

Homo heidelbergensis

d.

Homo neanderthalensis

a.

the exclusive use of stones for tools.

b.

the exclusive use of animal material for tools.

c.

a focus on the use of raw materials.

d.

long-distance transportation of raw materials.

a.

Middle Stone Age.

c.

Later Stone Age.

b.

Upper Paleolithic.

d.

Early Stone Age.

a.

Neanderthals, which transformed them into modern humans.

b.

anatomically modern humans, with no visible morphological change.

c.

Neanderthals and modern humans simultaneously, allowing the two species to interbreed.

d.

anatomically modern humans, with significant morphological change including the emergence of a chin.

a.

a form of boat.

b.

the main source of prey humans encountered when they entered the temperate zone of Europe and Asia.

c.

a notched stick that extends the arm while throwing a spear, causing it to fly with much greater velocity.

d.

the curved bone associated with the larynx and pharynx.

a.

use of pottery.

b.

common burials of the dead often with sacrificial goods.

c.

heat-treating stone and the use of bone points.

d.

finely made Mode 1 technology.

a.

more than 100,000 years ago.

c.

a bit less than 5,000 years ago.

b.

40,000 years ago or a bit earlier.

d.

500 years ago.

a.

Acheulean tools.

c.

ceremonial burials and cremations.

b.

sites dated to 75,000 years ago.

d.

Homo floresiensis.

a.

introduction of hand axes and chopper tools.

b.

introduction of Levallois flake technology.

c.

introduction of blade technology and new raw materials such as bone.

d.

use of wide variety of standardized tools made of stone or bone.

a.

They are like Middle Paleolithic tools but date to a later time period.

b.

They were almost indistinguishable across broad geographic areas.

c.

They took more time to make and are more standardized compared with earlier technologies.

d.

They are also known as Acheulean.

a.

make tools from stone and bamboo.

b.

regularly create art and ornamentation, perform ritual burials, and practice other forms of symbolic expression.

c.

live in caves.

d.

migrate out of Africa.

a.

They had a subsistence economy similar to that of the Neanderthals but hunted a wider range of animals.

b.

They had a subsistence economy totally different and more advanced than that of the Neanderthals.

c.

They hunted a much narrower range of animals than Neanderthals.

d.

They had a subsistence economy similar to that of Neanderthals but without the use of animal resources.

a.

had shorter life spans than Neanderthals.

b.

lived at higher densities than Neanderthals.

c.

were more likely to suffer injuries than Neanderthals.

d.

lived over a much smaller geographical region than Neanderthals.

a.

lived shorter life spans than Neanderthals.

b.

lived at lower densities than Neanderthals.

c.

were less likely to suffer injuries than Neanderthals.

d.

were more dependent upon hunting for sustenance.

a.

They constructed shelters including those of mammoth bone and hide.

b.

They did not have fire.

c.

They did not have clothing.

d.

They built the first permanent dwellings.

a.

increased ability to transmit complex information and to learn.

b.

large brain.

c.

large geographic range.

d.

large body size.

a.

tool use

c.

living in Europe

b.

art

d.

living in a social group

a.

Mousterian

c.

Upper Paleolithic

b.

Oldowan

d.

Middle Stone Age

a.

they were capable of walking very long distances.

b.

they migrated there from Europe.

c.

glaciers extended into the Southern Hemisphere.

d.

they were capable of building boats.

a.

Mode 2

c.

Mode 4

b.

Mode 3

d.

Mode 5

a.

Acheulean

c.

Oldowan

b.

Mousterian

d.

Upper Paleolithic

a.

Homo erectus

c.

Denisovans

b.

Neanderthals

d.

Homo sapiens

a.

Upper Paleolithic people could obtain more food from their environment than Neanderthals.

b.

Upper Paleolithic people lived in larger social groups than Neanderthals.

c.

Upper Paleolithic people lived longer than Neanderthals.

d.

Upper Paleolithic people ate better food than Neanderthals.

a.

Neanderthals lived longer lives.

b.

modern humans lived longer lives.

c.

Neanderthals buried fewer of their dead than modern humans did.

d.

modern humans buried fewer of their dead than Neanderthals did.

a.

Java, in Southeast Asia.

b.

Jebel Irhoud, Omo Kibish, and the Middle Awash.

c.

several cave sites in South Africa.

d.

southern Australia.

a.

They are intermediate between those of modern humans and African Homo heidelbergensis.

b.

They are indistinguishable from skulls of modern Africans.

c.

They are Neanderthal-like in their characteristics.

d.

They are so variable that they cannot be compared with other fossils.

a.

Asia, Homo erectus and modern humans

b.

the Middle East, Neanderthals and anatomically modern humans

c.

Africa, Homo ergaster and modern humans

d.

Australia, Homo erectus and modern humans

a.

modern humans evolved in areas of the Old World.

b.

modern humans evolved in Africa.

c.

African populations of modern humans interbred with archaic populations in Europe and Asia.

d.

modern humans are descended from a single pair of individuals like Adam and Eve.

a.

from the father.

b.

from the mother.

c.

from both the father and the mother.

d.

mostly from the father, but some from the mother.

a.

do not agree with the results of mtDNA studies.

b.

support an Asian origin for modern humans.

c.

indicate that African populations are older than populations in other parts of the world.

d.

indicate that African populations are younger than populations in other parts of the world.

a.

went up as an adaptation to new environments.

b.

went down because each expansion had a chance of leaving behind one or more genetic variants.

c.

maintained an equilibrium because population density stayed the same while territory expanded.

d.

varied randomly, so some populations had greatly increased variation while some had greatly decreased variation.

a.

modern humans evolved in Africa between 200 and 400 ka and all modern humans outside of Africa are descended from an African population.

b.

one small population of modern people left Africa about 60 ka and first traveled along the southern coast of Asia and then into Eurasia.

c.

there was extensive interbreeding between modern human populations and other hominins that lived in Eurasia, such as the Neanderthals.

d.

modern humans migrated out of Africa to Europe first and then traveled east to Asia.

a.

have an ancestor–descendant relationship.

b.

lived side by side for thousands of years.

c.

did not overlap in time.

d.

are almost indistinguishable in their anatomy.

a.

Neanderthals and modern humans fought each other.

b.

only modern humans lived there.

c.

Neanderthals borrowed ideas and technology from modern humans.

d.

Neanderthals killed off that population of modern humans.

a.

geographic expansion

c.

geologic catastrophe

b.

bottleneck

d.

cultural revolution

a.

American

c.

African

b.

Asian

d.

European

a.

all come from a single female ancestor, the mitochondrial Eve.

b.

all come from a single male ancestor, Adam.

c.

arose from a very small population.

d.

arose from a very large population.

a.

Africa.

c.

Europe.

b.

Asia.

d.

India.

a.

Europe

c.

Northern Asia

b.

the Pacific

d.

Southern Asia

a.

are more closely related to each other than either is to the Denisovan hominins.

b.

must have never interbred.

c.

may have interbred to a limited degree.

d.

are represented by contemporary Papua New Guineans.

a.

Aurignacian

c.

Solutrean

b.

Mousterian

d.

Châtelperronian

a.

cognitive adaptation caused by a mutation that allowed fully modern speech.

b.

population of modern humans from Africa replacing Eurasian ones.

c.

hybridization of modern humans with Eurasian humans.

d.

period of climate stability.

a.

Anthropologists have found shell beads colored with ocher.

b.

Anthropologists have found that MSA people did not transport materials over long distances.

c.

Anthropologists have found that the only tools MSA people used were microliths.

d.

Anthropologists have found that MSA people did not process tools before they manufactured them.