Chapter 6: Adolescence

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. Adolescence was invented as a concept in what time period?

A. mid-20th century

B. late 19th and early 20th centuries

C. early 19th century

D. 21st century

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.2: Analyze how the status of adolescence has varied across time and place.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Social Construction of Adolescence Across Time and Space

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. According to the text, the invention of adolescence as a concept resulted in which change?

A. the creation of the juvenile justice system

B. an increase in the average age of marriage

C. the concept and issue of teen pregnancy

D. formal collegiate education

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.2: Analyze how the status of adolescence has varied across time and place.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Social Construction of Adolescence Across Time and Space

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Increased autonomy, beginning of identity development, and ______ are all examples of psychological changes that occur during middle adolescent development.

A. moodiness

B. body modesty

C. moral reasoning

D. increased abstract thought

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Transition From Childhood to Adulthood

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. Ceremonies that demarcate the transition from childhood to adulthood are called ______.

A. transitional rights

B. keystone ceremonies

C. rites of passage

D. rites of adulthood

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.3: Describe some of the transitions made in adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Transition From Childhood to Adulthood

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. During ______, adolescents become capable of reproduction.

A. puberty

B. spemarche

C. menopause

D. menarche

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Puberty

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. The capacity of adolescents to apply hypothetical reasoning to various situations is known as ______.

A. mestizo perspective

B. postconventional moral reasoning

C. formal operational thought

D. social identity

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Changes in Cognition

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. Mainstream culture in the United States would consider ______ a rite of passage.

A. going to prom

B. kissing someone for the first time

C. applying to colleges

D. getting one’s driver’s license

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.3: Describe some of the transitions made in adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Transition From Childhood to Adulthood

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. Sweat gland changes, armpit hair growth, and ______ are all examples of secondary sex characteristics for girls.

A. ovary growth

B. deeper voice

C. enlarged hips

D. lengthened vocal chords

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Puberty

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Freud’s theory of the genital stage involves the development of ______.

A. primary sex characteristics

B. a capable libido

C. secondary sex characteristics

D. feelings of intimacy

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Theories of Self and Identity

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. Erikson’s theory of ______ is concerned with adolescents finding their place in the world through self-certainty.

A. ego identity statuses

B. affiliation versus abandonment

C. postconventional morality

D. identity versus role diffusion

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Theories of Self and Identity

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. Kohlberg’s theory of postconventional morality requires adolescents to develop moral principles that perform which function?

A. form an ethical code

B. question the nature of morality

C. transcend one’s society

D. forge a moral identity

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Theories of Self and Identity

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. Rosenberg suggests that identity comprises three major parts: dispositions, physical characteristics, and ______.

A. social status

B. social identity

C. individuation

D. privilege

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Theories of Self and Identity

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. It’s common knowledge in Jesse’s friend group that Jesse often embellishes stories. His friends take what he says with a grain of salt. According to Rosernberg’s theory of identity, Jesse’s exaggeration is a ______, which is part of his ______.

A. habit; social identity

B. preference; personal identity

C. trait; social status

D. tendency; disposition

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Theories of Self and Identity

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. Teens often create a ______, which influences their actions based on assumed peer reactions.

A. generalized other

B. new identity

C. imaginary friend

D. online identity

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Theories of Self and Identity

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. The development of a self or identity that is unique and separate is called ______.

A. personality

B. social identity

C. individuation

D. disposition

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Relationships With Family

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. When it comes to their cultural identities, adolescents typically do which of the following?

A. eschew traditional cultural values

B. seek out new identities

C. focus on national identity

D. evaluate their ethnic background and explore ethnic identity

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Identity Development

Difficulty Level: Easy

17. A quinceanera is best described as an example of a ______.

A. rite of passage ceremony

B. turning point

C. transition

D. defining moment in puberty

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.3: Describe some of the transitions made in adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: The Transition From Childhood to Adulthood

Difficulty Level: Easy

18. The brain undergoes a process in early adolescence, where the neural connections that are not used are eliminated. This is called ______.

A. priming

B. production entropy

C. process of elimination

D. pruning

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Adolescent Brain

Difficulty Level: Easy

19. Which of the following is true regarding obesity and eating disorders in adolescents?

A. Adolescents often engage in healthy dietary practices.

B. Rarely do adolescents experience eating disorders.

C. Obesity in adolescents has been decreasing.

D. Dissatisfaction with weight and attempts to control weight are widely reported.

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Obesity and Eating Disorders

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. It is recommended that adolescents get how much physical exercise each day?

A. 90 min

B. 30 min

C. 60 min

D. 6 hr

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Nutrition, Exercise, and Sleep

Difficulty Level: Easy

21. The National Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance system monitors six types of health-risk behaviors that contribute to the leading causes of death and disability among youth and adults. These behaviors include sexual behaviors that contribute to unintended pregnancy and ______.

A. infrequent medical care situations

B. poor sleep patterns

C. behaviors that influence one’s likelihood of experiencing a traumatic situation

D. behaviors that contribute to unintentional injuries and violence

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Nutrition, Exercise, and Sleep

Difficulty Level: Medium

22. ______ can be defined as unwanted, aggressive behavior among school-aged children that involves a real or perceived power imbalance.

A. Bullying

B. Abusive behavior

C. Intimidation

D. Assault

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Bullying

Difficulty Level: Easy

23. According to the text, ______ adolescents are more likely to report depression, hopelessness, and suicidal thinking.

A. heterosexual

B. gay and lesbian

C. bicultural

D. new immigrant youth

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.5: Analyze major themes in adolescent sexual development.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sexual Orientation

Difficulty Level: Easy

24. In the United States, status offenses are actions prohibited only to a certain class of people, based on their ______.

A. race

B. employment status

C. mental health status

D. age

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.6: Describe some potential challenges to adolescent development.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Juvenile Delinquency

Difficulty Level: Medium

25. According to the text, zero-tolerance policies, race/ethnicity, and ______ are all factors which affect youth in the school-to-prison pipeline.

A. drug use

B. extracurricular participation

C. high-stakes testing

D. peer circles

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.6: Describe some potential challenges to adolescent development.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: School-to-Prison Pipeline

Difficulty Level: Medium

True/False

1. The U.S. mainstream culture has few rites of passage ceremonies.

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.3: Describe some of the transitions made in adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Transition From Childhood to Adulthood

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Nutrition is less important in adolescence than in childhood because the body is more developed.

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Nutrition, Exercise, and Sleep

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. Individuals can try on and develop certain identities.

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Theories of Self and Identity

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. In adolescents, the primary sex characteristics are those which are not directly related to the reproductive organs and external genitalia.

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Puberty

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Half of all American adults have one or more preventable, chronic disease, many of which are related to poor quality eating patterns and physical inactivity.

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Nutrition, Exercise, and Sleep

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. The term menarche refers to the onset of menstruation.

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Puberty

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. In the United States, people aged 5–18 can be arrested for behaviors that are not considered crimes when engaged in by adults, such as skipping school.

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.6: Describe some potential challenges to adolescent development.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Juvenile Delinquency

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. Adolescents begin to develop the ability for formal operational thought, which suggests the ability to use symbols to solve problems.

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Changes in Cognition

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. The stage of adolescence is very concerned about answering the question “Who am I?”

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Theories of Self and Identity

Difficulty Level: Easy

Essay

1. Explain and discuss protective factors for sexual minority youth.

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.5: Analyze major themes in adolescent sexual development.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Sexual Orientation

Difficulty Level: Hard

2. Identify and discuss the outward signs of depression in adolescents.

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Depression and Suicide

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Discuss Rosenberg’s model of identity formation. Using Carl’s story as a frame of reference, discuss the components of social identity, disposition, and physical characteristics. Why would social workers find this a useful model with adolescents who are in the process of identity formation?

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Theories of Self and Identity

Difficulty Level: Hard

4. Given that identity formation is structured by the sociocultural context, and individual options vary depending on this context, discuss the ways adolescents construct and develop a preference for specific identities. Cite examples about constructing identity from the case studies of Monica, Carl, and David.

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Identity Development

Difficulty Level: Hard

5. Discuss the issue, challenge, and problems of sexuality during adolescence. What impact do these challenges have on development, risk, and resilience? Cite examples of challenges related to sexuality using David’s case study. What can social workers do to assist adolescents in resolving questions of sexual identity and sexual decision making?

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.5: Analyze major themes in adolescent sexual development.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Adolescent Sexuality

Difficulty Level: Hard

6. Discuss the issue, challenge, and problem of substance abuse during adolescence. What are the consequences of substance use on adolescent development? How can social workers assist young people to develop skills to make effective decisions regarding the use of alcohol and drugs?

KEY: Learning Objective: 6.4: Summarize biological, psychological, social, and spiritual development during adolescence.

REF: Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Substance Use and Abuse

Difficulty Level: Hard