Chapter 5: The Psychosocial Person: Relationships, Stress, and Coping

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. Which of the following workers is least likely to experience compassion stress?

a. firefighter

b. banker

c. social worker

d. disaster relief worker

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize the role of stress, crisis, and traumatic stress in human behavior.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Traumatic Stress

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Which of the following is one of the ways stress has been measured?

a. attachment to caregiver

b. role strain

c. crisis coping

d. depressive episodes

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize the role of stress, crisis, and traumatic stress in human behavior.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Categories of Stress

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. An infant who feels distressed when his mother leaves but is eager and warm upon her return is thought to be ______.

a. disorganized attached

b. avoidantly attached

c. anxious-ambivalently attached

d. securely attached

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe four theories of self in relationships (relational, attachment, feminist, and social identity).

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Attachment Theory

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. An infant who seems to be undisturbed when his mother leaves and when she returns is thought to be ______.

a. disorganized attached

b. avoidantly attached

c. anxious-ambivalently attached

d. securely attached

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe four theories of self in relationships (relational, attachment, feminist, and social identity).

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Attachment Theory

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. An infant who is distressed when his mother leaves and continues to be distraught upon her return, even when she comforts and hold him, is thought to be ______.

a. disorganized attached

b. avoidantly attached

c. anxious-ambivalently attachment

d. secure attachment

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe four theories of self in relationships (relational, attachment, feminist, and social identity).

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Attachment Theory

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. When an infant displays chaotic and conflicted behavior and seems incapable of applying any consistent strategy to bond with his parents, this is known as ______.

a. disorganized attachment

b. avoidant attachment

c. anxious-ambivalent attachment

d. secure attachment

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe four theories of self in relationships (relational, attachment, feminist, and social identity).

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Attachment Theory

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. ______ theory has arisen to propose more positively that affirmations toward one’s group, particularly with regard to ethnicity, should correspond with higher levels of acceptance toward dissimilar groups.

a. Social identity

b. Object relations

c. Multicultural

d. Cognitive-behavioral

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe four theories of self in relationships (relational, attachment, feminist, and social identity).

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Social Identity Theory

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. Which of the following is a stage theory of socialization that articulates the process by which we come to identify with some social groups and, at the same time, develop a sense of difference from other social groups?

a. social identity theory

b. object relations theory

c. Afrocentric relational theory

d. cognitive-behavioral theory

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe four theories of self in relationships (relational, attachment, feminist, and social identity).

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Social Identity Theory

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. The stage of social identity when children are curious about differences is ______.

a. internalization

b. resistance

c. naïveté

d. acceptance

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe four theories of self in relationships (relational, attachment, feminist, and social identity).

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Social Identity Theory

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. The stage of social identity when a person is comfortable with their revised identity and can incorporate it into all aspects of their life is ______.

a. internalization

b. resistance

c. naïveté

d. acceptance

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe four theories of self in relationships (relational, attachment, feminist, and social identity).

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Social Identity Theory

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. The stage of social identity when children or adolescents internalize dominant cultural beliefs and make them a part of their everyday lives is ______.

a. internalization

b. resistance

c. redefinition

d. acceptance

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe four theories of self in relationships (relational, attachment, feminist, and social identity).

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Social Identity Theory

Difficulty Level: Medium

12. The stage of social identity when people reevaluate their assumptions, investigate their own role in perpetuating harmful differences, and move toward a broader definition of their social identity is ______.

a. internalization

b. resistance

c. naïveté

d. acceptance

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe four theories of self in relationships (relational, attachment, feminist, and social identity).

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Social Identity Theory

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. The stage of social identity when people embrace their own group heritage and see all groups as being rich in strengths and values is ______.

a. internalization

b. resistance

c. redefinition

d. acceptance

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe four theories of self in relationships (relational, attachment, feminist, and social identity).

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Social Identity Theory

Difficulty Level: Medium

14. Any event in which environmental or internal demands tax the adaptive resources of an individual is called ______.

a. stress

b. trauma

c. maladaptive coping

d. adaptive coping

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize the role of stress, crisis, and traumatic stress in human behavior.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Concept of Stress

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. When Marcus went to college, he avoided interaction with his classmates, which led to him feeling rejected. Which category of psychological stress was he experiencing?

a. challenge

b. threat

c. role strain

d. harm

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize the role of stress, crisis, and traumatic stress in human behavior.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Categories of Stress

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. When Felicity started a new job, she was apprehensive because of the possibility of being rejected by her new co-workers. Which category of psychological stress was she experiencing?

a. challenge

b. threat

c. role strain

d. harm

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize the role of stress, crisis, and traumatic stress in human behavior.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Categories of Stress

Difficulty Level: Medium

17. When Marcus returns to his second year of college he may feel more excited and confident about trying to interact more positively with his classmates. Which category of psychological stress is he experiencing?

a. challenge

b. threat

c. role strain

d. harm

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize the role of stress, crisis, and traumatic stress in human behavior.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Categories of Stress

Difficulty Level: Medium

18. There are many common occurrences in a person’s life that are taxing, like waiting in line, losing things, and worrying about money. What measurement of stress is this?

a. role strain

b. neighborhood interaction

c. daily hassles

d. community interaction

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize the role of stress, crisis, and traumatic stress in human behavior.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Categories of Stress

Difficulty Level: Easy

19. Everyone in life experiences problems as a romantic partner, caregiver, parent, or worker. What measurement of stress is this?

a. role strain

b. neighborhood interaction

c. daily hassles

d. community interaction

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize the role of stress, crisis, and traumatic stress in human behavior.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Categories of Stress

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. Cathy has recently separated from her husband of 30 years and is facing the possibility of a divorce. She has always been a person who positively copes with most obstacles in her life, but now is very depressed and overwhelmed. How would you define her current psychological state?

a. stress

b. traumatic stress

c. role strain

d. crisis

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize the role of stress, crisis, and traumatic stress in human behavior.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Stress and Crisis

Difficulty Level: Easy

21. Sally recently experienced a rape that has left her feeling helpless and terrified. How would you define her current psychological state?

a. stress

b. traumatic stress

c. role strain

d. crisis

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize the role of stress, crisis, and traumatic stress in human behavior.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Traumatic Stress

Difficulty Level: Easy

22. The body’s response to a stressor is called ______.

a. defense mechanisms

b. problem-focused coping

c. emotion-focused coping

d. general adaptation syndrome

Learning Objective: 5-4: Analyze different styles of coping and adaptation in relation to stress.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Biological Coping

Difficulty Level: Medium

23. When a person manages stress based on a stable personality characteristic, it is considered to be what type of coping?

a. defense mechanisms

b. problem-focused coping

c. emotion-focused coping

d. general adaptation syndrome

Learning Objective: 5-4: Analyze different styles of coping and adaptation in relation to stress.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Psychological Coping

Difficulty Level: Medium

24. When a person tries to change a stressful situation by acting on the environment, this is what type of coping?

a. relational coping

b. problem-focused coping

c. emotion-focused coping

d. general adaptation syndrome

Learning Objective: 5-4: Analyze different styles of coping and adaptation in relation to stress.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Coping Styles

Difficulty Level: Medium

25. When a person approaches a stressful situation with vigilance or avoidance, this is what type of coping?

a. relational coping

b. problem-focused coping

c. emotion-focused coping

d. general adaptation syndrome

Learning Objective: 5-4: Analyze different styles of coping and adaptation in relation to stress.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Coping Styles

Difficulty Level: Medium

26. When a person copes by taking into account actions that maximize the survival of others such as family, children, and friends, this is what type of coping?

a. relational coping

b. problem-focused coping

c. emotion-focused coping

d. general adaptation syndrome

Learning Objective: 5-4: Analyze different styles of coping and adaptation in relation to stress.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Coping Styles

Difficulty Level: Easy

27. When a person experiences a set of symptoms that include persistently reliving an event, avoiding stimuli associated with the event, and continuing to have a persistent high state of arousal, this is called ______.

a. stress

b. crisis disorder

c. post-traumatic stress disorder

d. chaos

Learning Objective: 5-4: Analyze different styles of coping and adaptation in relation to stress.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Coping and Traumatic Stress

Difficulty Level: Easy

28. The interpersonal interactions and relationships that provide us with assistance or feelings of attachment to persons we perceive as caring are called ______.

a. relational coping

b. social support

c. intrinsic support

d. emotion-focused coping

Learning Objective: 5-4: Analyze different styles of coping and adaptation in relation to stress.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Social Support

Difficulty Level: Easy

29. In Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, the challenge of industry versus inferiority takes place in which life stage?

a. adolescence

b. play age

c. early childhood

d. school age

Learning Objective: 5-6: Critique four different approaches to normal and abnormal coping (medical, psychological, sociological, and social work).

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Psychological Perspectives

Difficulty Level: Medium

30. In Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, the challenge of intimacy versus isolation takes place in which life stage?

a. adolescence

b. young adulthood

c. adulthood

d. mature age

Learning Objective: 5-6: Critique four different approaches to normal and abnormal coping (medical, psychological, sociological, and social work).

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Psychological Perspectives

Difficulty Level: Medium

True/False

1. Relational theory is a cognitive theory of human development that considers our ability to form lasting attachments with others to be based on adolescent experiences of separation from and connection with primary caregivers.

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe four theories of self in relationships (relational, attachment, feminist, and social identity).

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Relational Theory

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Securely attached infants will act somewhat distressed when their mothers leave, but when mothers return, infants will greet them eagerly and warmly.

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe four theories of self in relationships (relational, attachment, feminist, and social identity).

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Attachment Theory

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. When infants have a disorganized attachment style, they seem to be relatively undisturbed both when their mothers leave and when they return.

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe four theories of self in relationships (relational, attachment, feminist, and social identity).

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Attachment Theory

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Feminism refers to a single body of thought.

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe four theories of self in relationships (relational, attachment, feminist, and social identity).

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Feminist Theories of Relationships

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. For all ethnic groups, higher levels of ethnic identity are associated with higher levels of self-esteem, purpose in life, and self-confidence.

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe four theories of self in relationships (relational, attachment, feminist, and social identity).

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Social Identity Theory

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. Social identity theory is a stage theory of socialization that articulates the process by which we come to identify with some social groups and develop a sense of difference from other social groups.

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe four theories of self in relationships (relational, attachment, feminist, and social identity).

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Social Identity Theory

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Any event in which environmental or external demands tax the adaptive resources of an individual is called stress.

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize the role of stress, crisis, and traumatic stress in human behavior.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Concept of Stress

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. Common occurrences that are taxing such as standing in line waiting or losing things are referred to as daily hassles.

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize the role of stress, crisis, and traumatic stress in human behavior.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Categories of Stress

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. Problems experienced in the performance of specific roles like being a worker or a caregiver is referred to as role strain.

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize the role of stress, crisis, and traumatic stress in human behavior.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Categories of Stress

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. When a person takes into account how their actions will maximize the survival of others, such as family or friends, they are utilizing relational coping.

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize the role of stress, crisis, and traumatic stress in human behavior.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Coping Styles

Difficulty Level: Medium

Essay

1. List the five stages of social identity development.

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe four theories of self in relationships (relational, attachment, feminist, and social identity).

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Social Identity Theory

Difficulty Level: Hard

2. List and define the three categories of psychological stress.

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize the role of stress, crisis, and traumatic stress in human behavior.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Categories of Stress

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. List and describe the three stages of a crisis episode.

Learning Objective: 5-3: Summarize the role of stress, crisis, and traumatic stress in human behavior.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Stress and Crisis

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. List and define the three stages of the general adaptation syndrome, the body’s response to a stressor.

Learning Objective: 5-4: Analyze different styles of coping and adaptation in relation to stress.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Biological Coping

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. List and define two of the common defense mechanisms and give an example of each one.

Learning Objective: 5-4: Analyze different styles of coping and adaptation in relation to stress.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Psychological Coping

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. Define problem-focused coping and emotion-focused coping and give an example of each one.

Learning Objective: 5-4: Analyze different styles of coping and adaptation in relation to stress.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Coping Styles

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. List and define the three social support indicators developed by Uchino (2009) that can be used by social workers to evaluate social support.

Learning Objective: 5-5: Provide examples of how social support aids coping.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: How Social Workers Evaluate Social Support

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. Identify and define the four attachment styles associated with attachment theory.

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe four theories of self in relationships (relational, attachment, feminist, and social identity).

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Attachment Theory

Difficulty Level: Hard

9. Why should social workers be alert to the social nature of stress?

Learning Objective: 5-7: Apply knowledge of self in relationship, stress, and coping to recommend guidelines for social work engagement, assessment, intervention, and evaluation.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Social Work Perspective: Social Functioning

Difficulty Level: Medium

10. Compare and contrast problem-focused coping and emotion-focused coping. Cite examples from your own coping strategies that relate to either of the coping styles.

Learning Objective: 5-4: Analyze different styles of coping and adaptation in relation to stress.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Coping Styles

Difficulty Level: Hard

11. Explain the concept of psychological coping and defense mechanisms. Discuss, define, and give examples of six of the common defense mechanisms. How do you think understanding the concepts of coping and defense mechanisms will help you to assist clients in developing a stronger sense of competence in problem solving and coping?

Learning Objective: 5-4: Analyze different styles of coping and adaptation in relation to stress.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Psychological Coping

Difficulty Level: Hard

12. Explain the concept of social support and discuss the characteristics of effective support. Utilizing the case of Dan, cite examples of effective support in his life and how this helped or did not help him overcome his challenges.

Learning Objective: 5-5: Provide examples of how social support aids coping.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Social Support, Case Example

Difficulty Level: Hard

13. Compare and contrast normal and abnormal coping. Cite examples from the story of Dan in reference to both normal and abnormal coping in his life.

Learning Objective: 5-6: Critique four different approaches to normal and abnormal coping (medical, psychological, sociological, and social work).

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: The Social Work Perspective: Social Functioning

Difficulty Level: Hard

15. Describe how the relational approach enriches social workers’ practice.

Learning Objective: 5-6: Critique four different approaches to normal and abnormal coping (medical, psychological, sociological, and social work).

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Attachment Theory

Difficulty Level: Hard

17. Define and discuss the three social support indicators identified in the text and develop a case study to illustrate how a social worker can use these three indicators to evaluate a client’s level of social support.

Learning Objective: 5-5: Provide examples of how social support aids coping.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: How Social Workers Evaluate Social Support

Difficulty Level: Hard

18. List the three types of social support resources available to an individual.

Learning Objective: 5-5: Provide examples of how social support aids coping.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: How Social Workers Evaluate Social Support

Difficulty Level: Medium

19. Define feminism and describe two feminist theories of relationships.

Learning Objective: 5-2: Describe four theories of self in relationships (relational, attachment, feminist, and social identity).

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Feminist Theories of Relationships

Difficulty Level: Medium