The Lymphatic And Immune Systems Complete Test Bank Ch27 - Medical Assisting Admin 7e | Test Bank Booth by Kathryn Booth, Leesa Whicker, Terri Wyma. DOCX document preview.
Student name:__________
1) Large phagocytic cells that produce monokines and digest pathogens in the lymph are called __________.
2) The most active phagocytes in the blood are neutrophils and __________.
3) White blood cells called __________ engulf and destroy pathogens and unwanted debris in the body.
4) In a(n) __________ disease, the body begins to attack its own antigens.
5) When normal cells create growths, the growths are called __________, meaning they are not cancerous.
6) Major proteins in serum that attack pathogens and also can attract macrophages to pathogens and stimulate inflammation are called __________.
7) Some foreign substances in the body are too small to start an immune response by themselves, so they join to proteins in the blood, where they are able to trigger an immune response. These substances are called __________.
8) Fluids in the body are called __________.
9) The body's mechanisms to protect itself against pathogens in general are called nonspecific defenses or __________ immunity
10) __________, which is contained in blood, acts as a chemical barrier and blocks viruses from infecting cells.
11) The fluid that exists between cells, called __________ fluid, is destined to become lymph.
12) The blockage of lymphatic vessels that drain excess fluids from the body causes __________.
13) T cells respond to antigens by secreting cytokines called __________, which increase T cell production and directly kill cells that have antigens.
14) In tears, __________ act as a chemical barrier and destroy pathogens on the surface of the eye.
15) Cytokines known as __________ assist in regulation of the immune response by increasing B cell production and stimulating red bone marrow to produce more white blood cells.
16) A highly contagious viral infection spread through the saliva of the infected person and frequently affects teenagers is __________.
17) The nonspecific body defense mechanism, in which monocytes leave the bloodstream and become macrophages to attack pathogens in other tissues, is called __________.
18) A substance that triggers an allergic response is called a(n) __________.
19) When an area of the body becomes injured or infected with a pathogen, __________ can result, causing blood vessels in the injured area to dilate and become leaky.
20) A(n) __________ is the presence of a pathogen in or on the body.
21) A foreign substance in the body is called a(n) __________.
22) A(n) __________ is a disease-causing agent such as a bacterium, virus, toxin, fungus, or protozoan.
23) A life-threatening condition caused by an allergy in which vessels dilate so quickly that blood pressure drops too quickly for organs to adjust is called __________.
24) Lymphocytes known as __________ cells primarily target cancer cells, killing these harmful cells on contact by secreting chemicals that produce holes in the membranes, causing them to burst.
25) The cells of the lymphatic system produce proteins known as __________, which assist in immune response regulation. Two types of these proteins are monokines and lymphokines.
26) __________ are three sets of lymphoid tissue that include pharyngeal, palatine, and lingual.
27) In which way does an individual develop a naturally acquired active immunity?
A) when antibodies from the mother cross the placenta to the fetus
B) when antibodies from the fetus cross the placenta to the mother
C) from immunization with antibodies to a disease-causing organism
D) from exposure to organisms that cause a disease
E) from administration of a vaccine with killed or weakened organisms
28) The medical provider has explained to Cherise that she has an abscess in her spleen and the spleen will need to be removed. When the medical assistant who is educating Cherise on the procedure asks if she has any questions, she asks if the spleen removal will cause a health problem. What is the best response to her question?
A) "There is no effect. It is done all the time."
B) "You may have frequent headaches."
C) "The liver will take over most of the spleen's functions."
D) "What makes you ask that?"
E) "You will no longer be able to eat certain foods."
29) Which of these nonspecific body defenses utilizes enzymes in body fluids to destroy pathogens?
A) chemical barriers
B) mechanical barriers
C) inflammation
D) phagocytosis
E) species resistance
30) The nonspecific body defense in which neutrophils and monocytes can leave the bloodstream to attack pathogens in other tissues is __________.
A) a chemical barrier
B) a mechanical barrier
C) inflammation
D) phagocytosis
E) species resistance
31) Interferon in the blood acts as which type of nonspecific body defense?
A) chemical barrier
B) mechanical barrier
C) fever
D) inflammation
E) phagocytosis
32) Which of the following results occurs in response to an injury?
A) chemical barrier
B) mechanical barrier
C) fever
D) species resistance
E) inflammation
33) Which nonspecific defense activates cells in the body to attack pathogens?
A) a chemical barrier
B) fever
C) inflammation
D) phagocytosis
E) a mechanical barrier
34) Mucous membranes and skin are examples of which type of nonspecific body defense?
A) chemical barriers
B) mechanical barriers
C) fever
D) inflammation
E) phagocytosis
35) In which nonspecific body defense do blood vessels dilate, bringing more blood to the area, which in turn brings phagocytic white blood cells to the area to attack the pathogen, proteins to replace injured tissues, and clotting factors to stop any bleeding?
A) mechanical barriers
B) fever
C) inflammation
D) phagocytosis
E) chemical barriers
36) Most lymphocytes in the blood are __________.
A) T cells
B) antibodies
C) cytokines
D) B cells
E) natural killer (NK) cells
37) Which of these become plasma cells in response to an antigen and make antibodies against the specific antigen?
A) macrophages and lymphocytes
B) T cells
C) B cells
D) natural killer (NK) cells
E) monocytes
38) What are the major WBCs involved in specific defenses?
A) macrophages and lymphocytes
B) T cells
C) cytokines
D) B cells
E) haptens
39) Which of the following bind to antigens on cells and attack them directly?
A) T cells
B) cytokines
C) B cells
D) natural killer (NK) cells
E) haptens
40) Which of the following produce memory cells that trigger a strong response to future exposures to the same antigen?
A) macrophages and lymphocytes
B) T cells
C) B cells
D) natural killer (NK) cells
E) complements
41) Which of the following increase B cell production and stimulate red bone marrow to produce more WBCs?
A) macrophages and lymphocytes
B) T cells
C) monokines
D) natural killer (NK) cells
E) memory cells
42) Which of the following secrete lymphokines?
A) macrophages and lymphocytes
B) T cells
C) cytokines
D) natural killer (NK) cells
E) monokines
43) Which of the following cells mainly target cancer cells?
A) macrophages and lymphocytes
B) T cells
C) B cells
D) monokines
E) natural killer (NK) cells
44) Which of the following is unique to an individual, is present on every cell in that person's body, and activates T cells?
A) major histocompatibility complex (MHC)
B) cytokines
C) B cells
D) natural killer (NK) cells
E) complements
45) Which of the following secrete chemicals that produce holes in the membranes of harmful cells but do not have to recognize a specific antigen to start destroying pathogens?
A) major histocompatibility complex (MHC)
B) cytokines
C) B cells
D) natural killer (NK) cells
E) T cells
46) Which of the following activated T cells is active against viruses and protects the body against cancer?
A) cytotoxic
B) helper
C) memory
D) NK
E) macrophage
47) Which type of activated T cells prevents a person from having the same disease twice?
A) cytotoxic
B) helper
C) memory
D) NK
E) macrophage
48) Which activated T cells increase phagocytosis and antibody formation?
A) cytotoxic
B) helper
C) memory
D) NK
E) macrophage
49) Which of the following is the immunoglobulin that primarily binds to antigens on food, bacteria, or incompatible blood cells?
A) IgG
B) IgA
C) IgM
D) IgE
E) IgD
50) Which type of immunoglobulin recognizes bacteria, viruses, and toxins?
A) IgG
B) IgA
C) IgM
D) IgE
E) IgD
51) Which of these antibodies is found in secretions of the body and prevents pathogens from entering the body?
A) IgG
B) IgA
C) IgM
D) IgE
E) IgD
52) Which immunoglobulin triggers an allergic reaction?
A) IgG
B) IgA
C) IgM
D) IgE
E) IgD
53) Which immunoglobulin is thought to control the activity of B cells?
A) IgG
B) IgA
C) IgM
D) IgE
E) IgD
54) Which of the following does not describe a secondary immune response?
A) It is a very rapid response.
B) It causes memory cells to develop.
C) It is carried out by memory cells.
D) It requires re-exposure to an antigen.
E) It prevents a person from developing a disease from the antigen.
55) Which of the following describes a primary immune response?
A) It is a very rapid response.
B) It is carried out by memory cells.
C) It takes several weeks.
D) It requires re-exposure to an antigen.
E) It prevents a person from developing a disease from the antigen.
56) Which of the following types of immunity crosses the placenta and passes through the breast milk?
A) naturally acquired active
B) artificially acquired active
C) naturally acquired passive
D) artificially acquired passive
E) species resistance
57) Which type of immunity results from exposure to an antigen?
A) naturally acquired active
B) artificially acquired active
C) naturally acquired passive
D) artificially acquired passive
E) species resistance
58) Which type of immunity requires injection with an antibody?
A) naturally acquired active
B) artificially acquired passive
C) naturally acquired passive
D) artificially acquired active
E) species resistance
59) Which type of immunity results simply from being human, as opposed to being a cow or plant?
A) naturally acquired active
B) artificially acquired passive
C) naturally acquired passive
D) artificially acquired active
E) species resistance
60) Which type of immunity results from having an infectious disease?
A) naturally acquired active
B) artificially acquired passive
C) naturally acquired passive
D) artificially acquired active
E) species resistance
61) Which type of immunity results from a vaccine?
A) naturally acquired active
B) artificially acquired active
C) naturally acquired passive
D) artificially acquired passive
E) species resistance
62) Allergies can be treated effectively by which of the following over-the-counter medications?
A) anti-emetics
B) anti-inflammatories
C) pain relievers
D) antihistamines
E) analgesics
63) Which of the following is an excessive immune response that involves IgE antibodies?
A) allergy
B) mononucleosis
C) anaphylaxis
D) lymphedema
E) chronic fatigue syndrome
64) Which of the following causes a rapid drop in blood pressure and is a life-threatening event?
A) allergy
B) mononucleosis
C) anaphylaxis
D) lymphedema
E) AIDS
65) Which of these is used to rescue a person experiencing anaphylaxis?
A) anti-inflammatory
B) allergen
C) analgesic
D) epinephrine
E) anti-emetic
66) Which of the following identifies how far cancer cells have spread?
A) chemotherapy
B) radiation
C) biopsy
D) staging
E) immune therapy
67) Elisa has just been diagnosed with stage II breast cancer. The practitioner has explained what this means, but Elisa is upset and confused. She asks the medical assistant if her cancer is serious. Which of the following is the best response to her question?
A) "No, breast cancer is not serious until it reaches stage IV."
B) "Breast cancer is 100% treatable."
C) "All cancers are potentially serious, but your cancer has not spread beyond the breast."
D) "No, in stage II, the cancer cells are localized in a few cell layers and are easily treatable."
E) "It is serious because in stage II, the cancer cells have spread to other organs."
68) Any factor that causes the formation of cancer is a(n) __________.
A) carcinogen
B) allergen
C) irritant
D) antigen
E) antibody
69) Which of the following isnot an exam or test used for the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
A) urinalysis
B) skin test
C) complete blood count
D) erythrocyte sedimentation rate
E) a special test for the presence of antinuclear antibodies
70) Which of the following are signs or symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome?
A) numbness of fingers and toes and weight loss
B) hair loss and renal failure
C) "butterfly" rash and fever
D) tender lymph nodes and joint pain
E) runny nose and coughing
71) Which of the following actions causes lymph to flow through the lymphatic vessels?
A) gravity
B) the force of the heart’s pumping
C) the contraction of the muscles in vessel walls
D) the squeezing action of the skeletal muscles
E) filtration
72) If lymph cannot be pushed through the vessels, __________.
A) blood pressure rises immediately
B) the kidneys excrete it
C) edema develops
D) the arteries and veins take over that function
E) the lymph is reabsorbed into the blood
73) Which of the following describes the spleen?
A) It is located in the thorax, above the heart.
B) It removes aged RBCs from circulation.
C) It decreases in size as a person ages.
D) It produces T-lymphocytes.
E) It produces thymosin.
74) Which of the following describes the thymus?
A) It decreases in size as a person ages.
B) It removes aged RBCs from circulation.
C) It is the largest lymphatic organ.
D) It is filled with blood and macrophages.
E) If it is removed, the liver takes over its functions.
75) Sherry is a 17-year-old patient who arrives at the office complaining of fever, headache, frequent cough, and being tired all the time. She is concerned because her boyfriend has similar symptoms and was recently diagnosed with mononucleosis. Which of the following precautions should you take while you are working with Sherry?
A) None, because mononucleosis is only spread by kissing.
B) Wear a mask while you are in the exam room.
C) Use full PPE, including a gown, gloves, and mask.
D) Put on gloves before checking her blood pressure.
E) Ask Sherry not to cough while you are in the room.
76) Which disorder is an immune reaction linked to eating gluten that triggers a reaction causing the body to attack the small intestinal mucosa?
A) mononucleosis
B) lymphedema
C) lupus
D) chronic fatigue syndrome
E) celiac
77) Masses of lymphoid tissue not surrounded by a capsule that are distributed in the connective tissue of mucosa are known as __________.
A) lymphocytes
B) macrophages
C) lymph nodules
D) thymus
E) spleen
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Medical Assisting Admin 7e | Test Bank Booth
By Kathryn Booth, Leesa Whicker, Terri Wyma