Testbank Urban Geography Chapter 9 Test Questions & Answers

Human Geography: People, Place, and Culture, 12^th Edition

Chapter 09 Testbank: Urban Geography

Multiple-Choice

1. The layout of a city, including the sizes and shapes of buildings and the pathways of infrastructure, is referred to as

a) urban morphology.

b) urban grid.

c) city plan.

d) urban street pattern.

Difficulty: Medium

Blooms: Application

Learning Objective: Describe the site and situations of cities.

2. The very early agricultural villages were

a) divided according to amount of land possessed.

b) ruled by an elite.

c) relatively equal.

d) dominated by larger urban centers.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Knowledge

Learning Objective: Describe the site and situations of cities.

3. In which of the following hearths did urbanization develop first?

a) Mesopotamia

b) Nile River Valley

c) Indus River Valley

d) China

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Knowledge

Learning Objective: Describe the site and situations of cities.

4. Rome created a huge urban system. The integration of the Roman Empire was greatly facilitated by a(n)

a) extensive transportation network.

b) lack of different languages.

c) good postal system.

d) lack of foreign enemies.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Comprehension

Learning Objective: Describe the site and situations of cities.

5. The relative location of a city refers to its

a) site.

b) situation.

c) genealogy of development.

d) approximate latitude and longitude.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Knowledge

Learning Objective: Describe the site and situations of cities.

6. In a model urban hierarchy, the population of a city, town or village is inversely proportional to its rank in the system (i.e. if the largest city is 4 million the second will be 2 million or 1/2, the third will be 1/3 and so on). This is known as

a) central place theory.

b) rank-size rule.

c) trade area ordering.

d) a statistical coincidence.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Knowledge

Learning Objective: Analyze the distribution of cities and their relative size.

7. A hinterland reveals the _________ of each settlement.

a) total population

b) working population

c) economic reach

d) aggregate purchasing power

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Comprehension

Learning Objective: Analyze the distribution of cities and their relative size.

8. Paris and Mexico City are many times larger than the second-ranked city in their respective countries. Their disproportionate size illustrates

a) the concept of the primate city.

b) the fact that capital cities are always very large.

c) the rank-size rule.

d) the effects of suburbanization.

Difficulty: Medium

Blooms: Application

Learning Objective: Analyze the distribution of cities and their relative size.

9. An example of a _______________ in a former colony is Mexico City.

a) concentric zone

b) primate city

c) multiple nuclei

d) disamenity sector

Difficulty: Medium

Blooms: Application

Learning Objective: Analyze the distribution of cities and their relative size.

10. Good examples of Christaller’s theory of hexagonal hinterlands can be found in _____________________

a) Seaside, Florida.

b) Manila, Philippines.

c) the North China Plain.

d) London.

Difficulty: Medium.

Blooms: Application

Learning Objective: Analyze the distribution of cities and their relative size.

11. In Burgess’ concentric zone model, the zone of transition became

a) a suburb.

b) characterized by residential deterioration and encroachment by business and light manufacturing..

c) a working class area.

d) a gentrified upscale new urban neighborhood.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Knowledge

Learning Objective: Explain the internal structure of cities and compare urban models.

12. The concept of suburbanization suggests that suburbs are

a) losing their appeal to home buyers.

b) primarily “bedroom suburbs” with only a residential function.

c) creating new competition for cities.

d) becoming a smaller proportion of the total American population.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Knowledge

Learning Objective: Analyze how political and economic policies shape cities.

13. The multiple nuclei model of urban structure developed by Harris and Ullman arose from the idea that _______ was losing its dominant position in the metropolitan city.

a) the CBD

b) the inner city

c) public transportation

d) the suburb

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Knowledge

Learning Objective: Explain the internal structure of cities and compare urban models.

14. The core of a city is called the

a) central city.

b) exurb.

c) urban zone.

d) central business district (CBD).

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Knowledge

Learning Objective: Explain the internal structure of cities and compare urban models.

15. _______________ was coined to describe a complex urban area, like Los Angeles or Toronto, where functions of the city are not centered in one place.

a) exurb

b) galactic city

c) central city

d) conurbation

Difficulty: Medium

Blooms: Application

Learning Objective: Analyze the distribution of cities and their relative size.

16. In Latin America, which of the following does not accurately describe the typical CBD?

a) the primary business focus

b) principal entertainment center

c) main area of employment

d) an area of out-migration to suburbs

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Comprehension

Learning Objective: Explain the internal structure of cities and compare urban models.

17. In the Latin American city, where are the homes of the most impoverished and unskilled residents?

a) in the city center

b) immediately surrounding the city center

c) on the outermost zone

d) along the major access highways

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Knowledge

Learning Objective: Explain the internal structure of cities and compare urban models.

18. A structural element of many Latin American cities, the disamenity sector, is illustrated by the

a) mall.

b) barrios or favelas.

c) commercial spine.

d) industrial park.

Difficulty: Medium

Blooms: Application

Learning Objective: Explain the internal structure of cities and compare urban models.

19. Most African central cities have how many CBD’s?

a) one

b) two

c) three

d) four

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Knowledge

Learning Objective: Explain the internal structure of cities and compare urban models.

20. The focal point of the Southeast Asian city is the

a) old colonial port zone.

b) CBD.

c) alien commercial zone.

d) suburbs.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Knowledge

Learning Objective: Explain the internal structure of cities and compare urban models.

21. The huge influx of population from rural to urban regions of the world in peripheral or semi-peripheral areas finds housing in

a) public housing.

b) edge cities.

c) deteriorating CBD’s.

d) shantytowns.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Comprehension

Learning Objective: Explain the internal structure of cities and compare urban models.

22. Cities in the periphery often have unregulated growth and mixed land use, where a factory may be located next to a primary school, because of ___________

a) an absence of enforced zoning regulations.

b) a total lack of industry.

c) acute water shortages.

d) poor public transportation.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Knowledge

Learning Objective: Explain the internal structure of cities and compare urban models.

23. Segregation in the United States was reinforced by the financial practice known as

a) redlining.

b) community block grants.

c) land use zoning.

d) tax increment financing.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Knowledge

Learning Objective: Analyze how political and economic policies shape cities.

24. ____________________ refers to a practice where realtors would solicit white residents of the neighborhood to sell their homes under the guise that the neighborhood was going downhill because a black person or family had moved in.

a) Zoning

b) Blockbusting

c) Urban sprawl

d) Gentrification

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Knowledge

Learning Objective: Analyze how political and economic policies shape cities.

25. In cities of the global core, the renewal or rebuilding of lower income neighborhoods into middle to upper class neighborhoods is called

a) public housing.

b) gentrification.

c) white flight.

d) urban renewal.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Knowledge

Learning Objective: Analyze how political and economic policies shape cities.

26. The suburbs of the global core are experiencing a process of the tearing down of existing suburban homes and the building of newer homes that often are supersized and stretch to the outer limits of the lot. These newer homes are known as

a) McMansions.

b) upper class housing.

c) gentrified housing.

d) suburban palaces.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Knowledge

Learning Objective: Analyze how political and economic policies shape cities.

27. The decline in density and the spread of cities associated with the building of freeways in the second half of the twentieth century has been pejoratively referred to as

a) suburbanization.

b) urban sprawl.

c) exurbanization.

d) new urbanism.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Knowledge

Learning Objective: Analyze how political and economic policies shape cities.

28. Noted geographer, David Harvey, is one of the strongest critics of _____________. He argued that this movement privatized public space and resulted in the loss of character of neighborhoods.

a) gentrification

b) new urbanism

c) urban sprawl

d) affordable housing

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Comprehension

Learning Objective: Analyze how political and economic policies shape cities.

29. A famous New Urbanist development includes _____________________

a) West Laguna, California.

b) Seaside, Florida.

c) Kentlands, Maryland.

d) all of the above.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Comprehension

Learning Objective: Analyze how political and economic policies shape cities.

30. Gated communities have __________ as their chief objective.

a) moderately priced housing

b) ample open space

c) social integration

d) safety

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Knowledge

Learning Objective: Analyze how political and economic policies shape cities..

31. Many cities have transformed their urban areas in response to global geopolitical events, including terrorist attacks. The term ________________ highlights the impact of global events on the character of cities.

a) urban morphology

b) functional zonation

c) urban geopolitics

d) world city

Difficulty: Medium

Blooms: Knowledge

Learning Objective: Analyze how political and economic policies shape cities.

32. As nodes of interaction, world-cities act as forces shaping ___________________

a) globalization.

b) urban sprawl.

c) agricultural development.

d) sustainable futures.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Knowledge

Learning Objective: Explain what world cities are and how they shape and reflect globalization.

33. The two Alpha++ world cities that are the most important nodes in the world economy are:

a) New York and Tokyo.

b) New York and Beijing.

c) Paris and London.

d) New York and London.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Knowledge

Learning Objective: Explain what world cities are and how they shape and reflect globalization.

34. A megacity is a large city with a population of over ________________

a) 5 million

b) 10 million

c) 15 million

d) 20 million

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Knowledge

Learning Objective: Explain what world cities are and how they shape and reflect globalization.

35. _________________ are centers of entrepreneurship where residents of slums sew clothing, build products, and provide services.

a) Tenements

b) Tanneries

c) Hutment factories

d) Transition zones

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Knowledge

Learning Objective: Explain what world cities are and how they shape and reflect globalization.

36. The ______________________ is not taxed and is not counted toward a country’s gross national income (GNI).

a) informal economy

b) non-profit sector

c) government sector

d) transnational economy

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Knowledge

Learning Objective: Explain what world cities are and how they shape and reflect globalization.

37. Urbanization occurred in all urban hearths at about the same time.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Comprehension

Learning Objective: Analyze the distribution of cities and their relative size.

38. A trade area is the area of economic reach of a particular city, town or village, and reflects economic and spatial interaction between the settlement and its surrounding area.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Comprehension

Learning Objective: Describe the site and situations of cities.

39. Burgess’ concentric zone model divides the city into five concentric zones with the central business district at the center.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Application

Learning Objective: Explain the internal structure of cities and compare urban models.

40. Latin American cities feature the deterioration of inner city neighborhoods (slums) similar to their North American counterparts.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Comprehension

Learning Objective: Explain the internal structure of cities and compare urban models.

41. Gated communities do not exist in communist countries ruled by egalitarian values (e.g. China).

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Knowledge

Learning Objective: Analyze how political and economic policies shape cities.

42. Urban sprawl is closely associated with rapid urban population growth.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Comprehension

Learning Objective: Analyze how political and economic policies shape cities.

43. Slums are confined to cities in the periphery and are rarely seen in core regions of the world.

Difficulty: Easy

Blooms: Comprehension

Learning Objective: Explain what world cities are and how they shape and reflect globalization.

Essay

44. Discuss the nature of ancient cities. Where did they arise? What was their regional and social context and interactions? What were they like in terms of urban morphology and landscape?

Difficulty: Medium

Blooms: Application

Learning Objective: Describe the site and situations of cities.

45. Discuss the central place theory of urban systems advanced by Christaller. Describe the following features of the theory: central place, trade area, and hexagonal hinterlands. What assumptions did Christaller make when formulating the theory? Give examples of areas where his theory seems to explain the distribution of cities.

Difficulty: Medium

Blooms: Application

Learning Objective: Describe the site and situations of cities.

46. Compare and contrast the concentric zone, sector and multiple nuclei models of urban structure.

Difficulty: Medium

Blooms: Analysis

Learning Objective: Explain the internal structure of cities and compare urban models.

47. Choose one of the following models of urban structure: African, Latin American, or Southeast Asian and compare it to the model of urban structure of a European city. Highlight both differences and similarities.

Difficulty: Medium

Blooms: Application

Learning Objective: Explain the internal structure of cities and compare urban models.

48. What role did European colonialism play in the diffusion of cities? In what way did this influence the rise of global urbanism and the global city?

Difficulty: Medium

Blooms: Application

Learning Objective: Analyze how political and economic policies shape cities.

49. Define urban sprawl and describe the landscape of sprawl typical to North American cities. How does new urbanism respond to urban sprawl? What criticism has been made of attempts to construct communities along new urbanist lines?

Difficulty: Medium

Blooms: Analyze

Learning Objective: Analyze how political and economic policies shape cities.

50. Define a world city in relation to globalization and describe the different methods used to understand and classify world cities, their interactions, their connectedness and their influence on globalization.

Difficulty: Medium

Blooms: Analyze

Learning Objective: Explain what world cities are and how they shape and reflect globalization.