Verified Test Bank Fouberg Testbank Political Geography Ch.8 - Human Geography 12e | Digital Test Bank by Erin H. Fouberg. DOCX document preview.
Human Geography: People, Place, and Culture, 12th Edition
Chapter 08 Testbank: Political Geography
Multiple Choice
1. Most ________ states gained independence after 1940.
a) South American
b) European
c) East Asian
d) African
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Analysis
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast states, nations and nation-states.
2. At the global scale, political geographers study the spatial manifestations of political processes expressed in the organization of territories with permanent population, defined territory and a government. These spatial units are called
a) provinces.
b) states.
c) nations.
d) regions.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast states, nations and nation-states.
3. The Peace of Westphalia ____________
a) marked the beginning of the modern state system of Europe.
b) ended WWI.
c) created West Germany after WWII.
d) created modern Pakistan after the British withdrawal.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast states, nations and nation-states.
4. The present number of countries and territories in the world is nearly
a) 400.
b) 350.
c) 300.
d) 200.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast states, nations and nation-states.
5. Geographer Stuart Elden points out that the modern concept of territory arose in early modern Europe as a system of
a) political units with fixed, distinct boundaries and at least quasi-independent governments.
b) political units with no fixed boundaries and no independent governments.
c) pre-political units with shifting boundaries and dependency status.
d) United Nations treaty boundaries and European Union oversight.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast states, nations and nation-states.
6. Robert Sack’s view of human territorial behavior implies an expression of control over space and time. This control is closely related to the concept of
a) nationhood.
b) colonialism.
c) sovereignty.
d) warfare.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast states, nations and nation-states.
7. The Peace of Westphalia is the seminal moment in the emergence of the European state. This marked the end of
a) WWI.
b) the Thirty Years War.
c) the Napoleonic Wars.
d) the War of the Roses.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast states, nations and nation-states.
8. The promotion of the acquisition of wealth through plunder, colonization, and the protection of home industries and foreign markets during Europe’s rebirth was called
a) imperialism.
b) neo-imperialism.
c) mercantilism.
d) neocolonialism.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast states, nations and nation-states.
9. What ultimately proved to be the undoing of absolutism and its system of patronage during Europe’s rebirth?
a) The re-emergence of church power.
b) The growing economic power of merchants.
c) An increasing population.
d) Increased colonization.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast states, nations and nation-states.
10. The rise of the modern state idea, where territory defined society rather than society defining territory, swept through Europe in the
a) Middle Ages.
b) 1600s.
c) 1800s.
d) Twentieth Century.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast states, nations and nation-states.
11. Though more than two million ________________ live in the Gaza Strip and West Bank, the international community does not universally recognize their lands as a state.
- Walloons
- Palestinians
- Kurds
- Tamils
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast states, nations and nation-states.
12. Kurdistan _______________.
a) is a sovereign nation bordered by Iraq and Turkey.
b) is a stateless nation.
c) is governed by Russia.
d) is governed by Israel.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast states, nations and nation-states.
13. Yugoslavia was a prime example of a
a) multi-state nation.
b) nation-state.
c) stateless nation.
d) multinational state.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast states, nations and nation-states.
14. Which is an example of a stateless nation?
a) Korea
b) Kurdistan
c) Hungary
d) Switzerland
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast states, nations and nation-states.
15. The European state idea spread throughout the world through
a) European colonialism.
b) economic development.
c) League of Nations planning.
d) contagious diffusion.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast states, nations and nation-states.
16. One of the most powerful impacts of colonialism was the construction of global order characterized by great differences in
a) population.
b) military and political power.
c) economic and political power.
d) military and economic power.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast states, nations and nation-states.
17. The highly uneven distribution of economic and political power that developed from colonialism was due to the concentration of wealth brought to
a) South America.
b) Europe.
c) Asia.
d) Africa.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast states, nations and nation-states.
18. Wallerstein’s views expressed in world systems theory hold that the global integrating force has been
a) capitalism.
b) the rise of the U.N.
c) socialism.
d) colonial independence movements.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast states, nations and nation-states.
19. Mercantilism set the stage for the rise of a far-reaching capitalist economic order that encompassed the globe by _____.
a) 1350
b) 1600
c) 1800
d) 1900
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Determine how the modern political map evolved.
20. The dominating colonial influence in Libya, Eritrea, Ethiopia and Somalia was ___________
a) Dutch.
b) French.
c) British.
d) Italian.
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Analysis
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast states, nations and nation-states.
21. __________ is an example of a country which was never a classic colonial power.
a) Singapore
b) Netherlands
c) Belgium
d) Germany
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Application
Learning Objective: Determine how the modern political map evolved.
22. The boundaries of independent African states were drawn at the Berlin Conference and were essentially drawn
a) arbitrarily.
b) along ethnic lines.
c) along religious lines.
d) along ecological lines.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Determine how the modern political map evolved.
23. Which is not characteristic of unitary state governments?
a) highly centralized
b) capital city functions as core of power
c) suppression of regional subcultures
d) concerned with fostering diversity of regional cultural expression
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Determine how the modern political map evolved.
24. Nigeria is a state with a federal system of government. This fact is reflected in the adoption of _________ law in the states of the Muslim North.
a) British Common
b) Nigerian Federal
c) Shari’a
d) local tribal
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Determine how the modern political map evolved.
25. The movement of power from the central government to regional governments is referred to as
a) revolution.
b) pluralism.
c) supranationalism.
d) devolution.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Determine how the modern political map evolved.
26. Padania is to Italy as Upper Silesia is to ____________
a) Ukraine.
b) Serbia.
c) Poland.
d) France.
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Analysis
Learning Objective: Determine how the modern political map evolved.
27. Scotland and Wales are to the UK as ____________ are to Spain.
a) Galicia and Catalonia
b) Kaliningrad and Lithuania
c) Corsica and Sardonia
d) South Tyrol and Sardonia
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Analysis
Learning Objective: Determine how the modern political map evolved.
28. Which country has experienced violent devolution?
a) Yugoslavia
b) Italy
c) Czechoslovakia
d) Belgium
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Application
Learning Objective: Determine how the modern political map evolved.
29. In 1997 Scotland took a major devolutionary step with the establishment of
a) independence from Britain.
b) its own currency and passports.
c) the Scottish Parliament.
d) the Scottish National Party.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Determine how the modern political map evolved.
30. In Italy, the Northern League’s desire for independence was based on the economic difference between the northern Po region and the southern Mezzogiorno. These differences are attributed to
a) regional ethnic differences.
b) religious differences between north and south.
c) core-periphery processes.
d) ecological differences.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Determine how the modern political map evolved.
31. Distance, remoteness and marginal location enhance the potential for devolution. This form of devolution is referred to as
a) ethnic devolution.
b) territorial devolution.
c) economic devolution.
d) economic marginalization.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Determine how the modern political map evolved.
32. The process of adjustment of the number of representatives in the U.S. House of Representatives to reflect shifts in population patterns is known as
a) gerrymandering.
b) territorial representation.
c) electoral geography.
d) reapportionment.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Determine how the modern political map evolved.
33. A series of concrete pillars _________ the northern boundary of Kuwait with Iraq.
a) defines
b) delimits
c) demarcates
d) determines
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Explain the nature and significance of international boundaries.
34. A boundary between countries is a
a) line on the ground only.
b) line shown only on maps.
c) point of separation on and below the surface only.
d) vertical plane that cuts through the rocks below and air above.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Explain the nature and significance of international boundaries.
35. The boundary between the United States and Canada west of the Great Lakes is an example of a(n)
a) physical-political boundary.
b) geometric boundary.
c) mountain crest boundary.
d) administrative boundary.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Explain the nature and significance of international boundaries.
36. Which is an example of an allocational boundary dispute?
a) dispute over the interpretation of boundary treaty terminology
b) dispute over boundaries not covered by a treaty (e.g. Yemen-Saudi Arabia)
c) dispute over the function of a boundary with regard to migration
d) dispute over rights to resources (e.g. oil, water) crossed by international boundaries
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Application
Learning Objective: Explain the nature and significance of international boundaries.
37. Geometric boundaries, totally unrelated to any aspects of the cultural or physical landscape, were made considerable use of by the colonial powers in
a) Asia.
b) South America.
c) Central America.
d) Africa.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Explain the nature and significance of international boundaries.
38. The first political geographer who studied the state in detail was Friedrich Ratzel. He postulated that the state resembles a biological organism. His organic theory identified ______________ as a state’s essential life-giving force.
a) population
b) a strong military
c) territory
d) mobility
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Explain classical and critical geopolitics.
39. Ratzel’s organic theory was converted into a subfield of political geography called geopolitics which was subsequently translated into practical national policies by some of his students. What country used geopolitics as a philosophy of expansion?
a) Japan
b) Nazi Germany
c) Britain
d) France
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Explain classical and critical geopolitics.
40. Sir Halford Mackinder developed what would become known as the heartland theory, which suggested that interior Eurasia contained a critical “pivot area” that would generate a state capable of challenging for world domination. The key to the area, according to Mackinder, was
a) natural protection.
b) distance.
c) natural resources.
d) eastern Europe.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Explain classical and critical geopolitics.
41. In 1943, Mackinder wrote about his concerns over the potential of Stalin’s control of the countries of eastern Europe. His views led to the development of the United States’ containment policy and to the establishment of
a) friendly relationships with China.
b) the United Nations.
c) NATO
d) the Berlin Wall.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Explain classical and critical geopolitics.
42. Recent geopolitical theory emphasizes the “deconstruction” of spatial assumptions and territorial perspectives of leading western politicians and analysis of the way their ideas are used to manipulate public opinion. This field of research is called
a) Heartland theory.
b) Marxian geopolitical theory.
c) Critical geopolitics.
d) British/American school of geopolitics.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Explain classical and critical geopolitics.
43. Russia has recently taken forcible control of _____________, which has produced a chilling effect on NATO’s possible eastward expansion.
a) Catalonia
b) Padania
c) Crimea
d) Latvia
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Explain classical and critical geopolitics.
44. Technically supranationalism refers to efforts by ______ or more states to forge associations for common advantage and in pursuit of common goals.
a) 2
b) 4
c) 5
d) 3
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast supranational organizations and states.
45. The League of Nations was created in 1919 as the first international organization that would include all nations of the world. Its success was dealt a serious blow by the failure of which country to join?
a) Britain
b) Russia
c) the United States
d) Canada
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast supranational organizations and states.
46. One move by the old League of Nations that would have a critical impact in the second half of the twentieth century involved
a) maritime boundaries.
b) refugee questions.
c) atmospheric boundaries.
d) mineral resources underlying two or more countries.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast supranational organizations and states.
47. Participation in the United Nations serves the useful purpose of committing states to
a) loan money to poorer ones.
b) agreeing to world laws.
c) international standards of behavior.
d) respect and accept present political boundaries.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast supranational organizations and states.
48. The United Nations is not a world government, but in recent years individual states have asked the United Nations to do several different things, including
a) peacekeeping.
b) writing human rights standards.
c) providing for refugees.
d) all of the above.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast supranational organizations and states.
49. The first major experiment in regional supranationalism was undertaken in Europe before the end of World War II and involved
a) the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg.
b) Belgium, Germany, and France.
c) Britain, Belgium, and Norway.
d) France, Poland, and Germany.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast supranational organizations and states.
50. The Marshall Plan was a post-WWII endeavor by the United States to economically revive
a) Europe.
b) Japan.
c) sub-Saharan Africa.
d) South America.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast supranational organizations and states.
51. As the European Union grows bigger, what is a potential worry?
a) that not all countries will want to adopt the Euro
b) that smaller member countries such as Denmark will get lost in the mix
c) that there will be a need to have a universal language
d) that they will need to establish a government
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Application
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast supranational organizations and states.
52. Regarding BREXIT, the vote to leave the EU was strongest in areas of England that suffered economically in recent years. The vote to remain was strongest in
a) London metro
b) Wales
c) Devon
d) the Midlands
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Analysis
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast supranational organizations and states.
53. _________ is symptomatic of larger challenges the EU is facing from growing anti-EU movements.
a) Economic recession
b) Terrorism
c) NATO
d) BREXIT
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast supranational organizations and states.
54. The number of stars on the EU flag
a) is symbolic of the founding states.
b) has no official meaning.
c) represents the founding fathers.
d) symbolizes the number of decades in operation.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast supranational organizations and states.
55. Listed among the challenges to the state in the twenty-first century are all the following except
a) terrorism.
b) economic globalization.
c) increased cultural communication.
d) the United Nations.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast supranational organizations and states.
56. Which of the following is NOT a supranational organization?
a) United Nations
b) North American Free Trade Association
c) North Atlantic Treaty Organization
d) United States
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast supranational organizations and states.
True/False
57. Following World War I, there were fewer than 75 states in the world.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast supranational organizations and states.
58. In Europe prior to the mid-1600s, sovereignty was expressed over people rather than over a territory.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast states, nations, and nation-states.
59. Once a body of people is incorporated within a political boundary they are a nation.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast states, nations, and nation-states.
60. Belgium is an example of a nation-state where nation and state coincide within boundaries.
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Application
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast states, nations, and nation-states.
61. According to Hartshorne, centrifugal forces work to build a nation-state.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Determine how the modern political map evolved.
62. With its federal system, Nigeria vests judicial power in its various States. This is illustrated by the prevalence of Shari’a law in Nigeria’s Muslim north.
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms Application
Learning Objective: Determine how the modern political map evolved.
63. The Rio Grande River is a geometric boundary separating the United States and Mexico.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Explain the nature and significance of international boundaries.
64. Most Hungarians are of non-Slavic ethnic origins.
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Analysis
Learning Objective: Determine how the modern political map evolved.
65. Devolution is affecting many countries in the world today.
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Application
Learning Objective: Determine how the modern political map evolved.
66. Gerrymandering refers to electoral redistricting in order to gain a political advantage.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Determine how the modern political map evolved.
67. Disputes over water (e.g. among Syria, Turkey, and Iraq over the Euphrates) are examples of allocational boundary disputes.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Explain the nature and significance of international boundaries.
68. The League of Nations intervened to aid Ethiopia when attacked by Italy in the mid-1930s.
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Application
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast supranational organizations and states.
69. Taiwan is a member of the UN.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Knowledge
Learning Objective: Explain the nature and significance of international boundaries.
70. Norway is a member of the EU.
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Analysis
Learning Objective: Explain the nature and significance of international boundaries.
71. Mackinder’s heartland theory of geopolitics maintained that world domination would be exercised through sea power.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Explain classical and critical geopolitics.
72. NAFTA is a North American supranational association for mutual economic benefit.
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Application
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast supranational organizations and states.
73. Critical geopolitics emphasizes the analysis of global power relations.
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Explain classical and critical geopolitics.
74. Huntington’s argument is similar to Wallerstein’s view that international relations are reducible to economic rather than cultural factors.
Difficulty: Hard
Blooms: Synthesis
Learning Objective: Explain classical and critical geopolitics.
Essay
75. Discuss the European state model in terms of territory, sovereignty, homogeneity and control
Discuss centripetal and centrifugal forces acting on states – choose an example or examples to illustrate
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Application
Learning Objective: Determine how the modern political map evolved.
76. Discuss the boundaries of the coterminous United States in terms of boundary type and in terms of potential for various types of boundary disputes.
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Application
Learning Objective: Explain the nature and significance of international boundaries.
77. Discuss the factors needed to create a nation-state. Are there any perfect nation-states? What factors can threaten a nation-states stability?
Difficulty: Easy
Blooms: Comprehension
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast states, nations and nation-states.
78. Discuss core-periphery processes on a global scale. Give an example of countries or regions you believe to exemplify each of the three divisions of the world-economy (i.e., core, periphery, and semi-periphery).
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Application
Learning Objective: Describe how the modern political map evolved.
79. Discuss supranationalism in general terms. How has the European Union developed as a supranational entity? What do you think the future development of the European Union will be like?
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Analysis
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast supranational organizations and states.
80. Why is Sub-Saharan Africa likely to face more serious problems creating cohesive independent states that would be politically stable and lack serious internal ethnic frictions?
Difficulty: Medium
Blooms: Application
Learning Objective: Compare and contrast states, nations, and nation-states.
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