Test Bank Docx Ch.6 The Russian/central Asian Realm Nijman - Updated Test Bank | Geography Realms & Regions 18e by Jan Nijman. DOCX document preview.

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Test Bank Docx Ch.6 The Russian/central Asian Realm Nijman

Package Title: Testbank

Course Title: Regions 18e

Chapter Number: 05

Question Type: Multiple Choice

1) Which of the following states is NOT officially part of the Russia/Central Asian realm?

a) Armenia

b) Georgia

c) Kazakhstan

d) Belarus

e) Siberia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the delineation of the realm and its general geographic features.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Defining the Realm

2) Most of the population of Russia is found in the ______________.

a) western part of the country

b) Pacific coastal zone

c) southern tier of the country

d) zone of C climates

e) area just south of the Ural Mountains

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the delineation of the realm and its general geographic features.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Defining the Realm

3) The term ________ is used to describe an inland climate that is remote from the moderating influences of large water bodies.

a) maritimity

b) tundra

c) continental

d) taiga

e) longitudinal

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Identify the main 10 physiographic regions of the realm, prevailing climates, and natural resources; discuss the variable impacts of global climate change across the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Physical Geography of Russia/Central Asia

4) Which of the following is true?

a) Climate refers to current conditions at a given location.

b) Weather refers to long-term average conditions.

c) Russia's climate may be described as dominated by C climates.

d) Climate refers to long-term average conditions.

e) Russia has no E climates.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Identify the main 10 physiographic regions of the realm, prevailing climates, and natural resources; discuss the variable impacts of global climate change across the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Physical Geography of Russia/Central Asia

5) The majority of Russia falls within the humid cold climate region. In the Köppen-Geiger classification scheme, this is signified by the letter ______.

a) A

b) B

c) C

d) D

e) E

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Identify the main 10 physiographic regions of the realm, prevailing climates, and natural resources; discuss the variable impacts of global climate change across the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Physical Geography of Russia/Central Asia

6) The vegetation that dominates a high-latitude treeless plain (mostly mosses, lichens, and sparse grasses) is known as _______________.

a) tundra

b) oligarctic biomass

c) permafrost

d) taiga

e) steppe

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Identify the main 10 physiographic regions of the realm, prevailing climates, and natural resources; discuss the variable impacts of global climate change across the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Physical Geography of Russia/Central Asia

7) The coniferous forest vegetation found to the south of the tundra is known as _________________.

a) taiga

b) Mediterranean

c) permafrost

d) tundra

e) steppe

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Identify the main 10 physiographic regions of the realm, prevailing climates, and natural resources; discuss the variable impacts of global climate change across the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Physical Geography of Russia/Central Asia

8) Persistently frozen ground is known as ________________.

a) taiga

b) an ice sheet

c) permafrost

d) tundra

e) steppe

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Identify the main 10 physiographic regions of the realm, prevailing climates, and natural resources; discuss the variable impacts of global climate change across the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Physical Geography of Russia/Central Asia

9) The mountain chain in west-central Russia that is (incorrectly) regarded as the "boundary" between Europe and Asia is known as the _________________.

a) Western Uplands

b) Urals

c) Caucasus

d) Central Asiatic Ranges

e) Carpathians

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Identify the main 10 physiographic regions of the realm, prevailing climates, and natural resources; discuss the variable impacts of global climate change across the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Physical Geography of Russia/Central Asia

10) Russia’s territorial size is such that it encompasses ___ time zones.

a) 3

b) 7

c) 9

d) 11

e) 15

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the delineation of the realm and its general geographic features.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Defining the Realm

11) The _____ Mountains lie in the corridor between the Black and Caspian seas.

a) Ural

b) Central Asian

c) Crimean

d) Siberian

e) Caucasus

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Identify the main 10 physiographic regions of the realm, prevailing climates, and natural resources; discuss the variable impacts of global climate change across the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Physical Geography of Russia/Central Asia

12) As Figure 6-3 shows, _____________ is (are) the only part of the Russian realm with a humid temperate climate:

A map shows the distribution of Russia/Central Asia’s climate zones. The map is dominated by the D (Humid Cold) type climates, with the southern areas including most of Central Asia dominated by the B (Dry) type climates, and the northern coasts and inland Eastern Siberia areas of E (Cold Polar) climate type. Much of the land in the north, from St. Petersburg in the west to Ykaterinburg in Western Sibera, and virtually all of the D climate zone of the rest of Siberia, is stippled to indicate the terrain is dominated by Taiga (snow forest). The D climate zone that dominates virtually all of Russia is primarily differentiated into two zones: the D f (no dry season) climates of the western two-thirds, and the D w (dry winter) climates of the eastern third. Much of Central Asia between the Caspian Sea and Lake Balqash is designated BW (Arid) climate type, as are bordering areas in neighboring western China and Mongolia. A band of BS (Semiarid) climate type separates the BW from the D climates. A small area of southern Russia bordering the Black Sea, as well as Europe to the west, is in the C (Humid Temperate) climate type, and the higher mountain ranges of southern Siberia, Krygyzstan, and Tajikistan, are designated as H (Highland) climate type.

a) the area near the Black Sea

b) the area around Moscow

c) Russian lands bordering the Caspian Sea

d) extreme southeastern Russia

e) the area along the southern Russia-northern China border

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Identify the main 10 physiographic regions of the realm, prevailing climates, and natural resources; discuss the variable impacts of global climate change across the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: Physical Geography of Russia/Central Asia

13) According to Figure 6-5, the vast majority of Russia's population lives __________.

A map shows population distribution across Russia and Central Asia. The population per square kilometer is categorized in six levels from a low of 0 to 5 people per square kilometer, to a high of over 500 people per square kilometer. With a population of over 500 persons per square kilometer, the densest populations in the realm are found in St. Petersburg, Moscow, isolated spots east of Moscow, and in Almaty, Kazakhstan. Moderate- to high-population density, ranging between 10 to 50, 50 to 100, and 100 to 500 persons per square kilometer population, is spread in a cone extending from St. Petersburg in the north, the Russian-Ukraine border in the south, to a point across southern Siberia north of Mongolia and northwest of Lake Baikal, in the area of Krasnoyarsk. Outside this cone, the only significant population clusters are the tiny concentrations indicating the cities of Yakutsk in central-eastern Siberia, and Norilsk near the mouth of the Yenisey River in north-central Siberia; these last two clusters are very small and only reach the 50 to 100 persons per square kilometer density. The rest of the country, which includes all of Siberia outside the narrowing cone that terminates around Krasnoyarsk, as well as central Kazakhstan and northeast Russia, is sparsely populated, largely with 0 to 5 persons per square kilometer. The southern Central Asian republics, particularly their eastern margins, are areas of moderate population density: 10 to 5 and 50 to 100 persons per square kilometer.

a) along Russia's southern rim

b) west of the Ural Mountains

c) along the coastline of the Arctic Ocean

d) in the river valleys east of the Ural Mountains

e) near the Sea of Okhotsk

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Identify the main 10 physiographic regions of the realm, prevailing climates, and natural resources; discuss the variable impacts of global climate change across the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: Physical Geography of Russia/Central Asia

14) The Soviet Union consisted of _____________ Soviet Socialist Republics.

a) 4

b) 12

c) 15

d) 43

e) 89

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the establishment of the Soviet Union and creation of the Soviet federal framework, central planning, and the ultimate downfall of the USSR.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Soviet Experiment (1922-1991)

15) Which of the following is not an ex-Soviet, Central Asian Republic?

a) Uzbekistan

b) Turkmenistan

c) Azerbaijan

d) Kazakhstan

e) Tajikistan

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the establishment of the Soviet Union and creation of the Soviet federal framework, central planning, and the ultimate downfall of the USSR.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Soviet Experiment (1922-1991)

16) __________ was responsible for building a new Russian capital on the Gulf of Finland during the eighteenth century.

a) Catherine the Great

b) Peter the Great

c) Ivan the Terrible

d) Vladimir Rasputin

e) Vladimir Lenin

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss Russian history and territorial expansion during Czarist times; the forging of a multinational empire.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Russia’s Czarist Roots

17) The movement of the headquarters of the Russian Empire to St. Petersburg allowed that city to become a(n) __________________.

a) interior capital

b) forward capital

c) primate city

d) continental city

e) Asian gateway

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss Russian history and territorial expansion during Czarist times; the forging of a multinational empire.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Russia’s Czarist Roots

18) The Russian Revolution of 1917 ________________.

a) saw the czars defeat the communists

b) ended a long-running civil war

c) saw the overthrow of the last czar

d) led to Moscow being renamed Leningrad

e) made Russia itself a weak, territorially small presence in the new USSR

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Discuss Russian history and territorial expansion during Czarist times; the forging of a multinational empire.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Russia’s Czarist Roots

19) What was a prime motivation for Russia’s colonial expansion in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?

a) access to mineral wealth

b) access to warm-water ports

c) access to trade routes with China and Japan

d) access to the commercial wealth of Western Europe

e) access to the Western Hemisphere

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Discuss Russian history and territorial expansion during Czarist times; the forging of a multinational empire.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Russia’s Czarist Roots

20) Czar Peter the Great attempted to turn the city of ________________ into the “Venice of the North.”

  1. Moscow
  2. Kiev
  3. Amsterdam
  4. St. Petersburg
  5. Vladivostok

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss Russian history and territorial expansion during Czarist times; the forging of a multinational empire.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Russia’s Czarist Roots

21) The former Soviet Union dissolved in ______.

a) 1917

b) 1923

c) 1945

d) 1989

e) 1991

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the impact of the dissolution of the USSR on the new Russia’s geopolitical orientation, especially in regard to the Near Abroad and the Arctic.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Post-Soviet Russia and the Near Abroad

22) The number of Federal Administrative Districts within the Russian Federation is _______.

a) 21

b) 89

c) 177

d) 412

e) 8

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss Russia’s new federal structure, population decline, and volatile economy.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The New Russia

23) Which Russian republic fought a war for independence from Moscow during the 1990s?

a) Chechnya

b) Georgia

c) Crimea

d) Sakha (Yakutiya)

e) Kosovo

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss Russia’s new federal structure, population decline, and volatile economy.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The New Russia

24) Distance-decay effects are greatest between Moscow and ____________.

a) St. Petersburg

b) the Urals region

c) the Caucasus region

d) northern Central Asia

e) Vladivostok

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss Russia’s new federal structure, population decline, and volatile economy.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The New Russia

25) The Russian Federation's change from 83 "Regions, Republics, and other entities" into eight new administrative units occurred in ______.

a) 1917

b) 1923

c) 1945

d) 1991

e) 2000

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss Russia’s new federal structure, population decline, and volatile economy.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The New Russia

26) Each of the following is considered one of the BRICS except __________.

a) Brazil

b) Russia

c) India

d) China

e) Canada

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss Russia’s new federal structure, population decline, and volatile economy.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The New Russia

27) The BRIC countries all have ___________ in common.

a) a Eurasian location

b) recent economic growth

c) rapid population growth

d) socialist governments

e) predominantly rural populations

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Discuss Russia’s new federal structure, population decline, and volatile economy.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The New Russia

28) Which of the following is NOT currently an independent country that was once part of the Soviet Union?

a) Moldova

b) Georgia

c) Latvia

d) Chechnya

e) Ukraine

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss Russia’s new federal structure, population decline, and volatile economy.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The New Russia

29) According to Figure 6-8, which ethnic group is most heavily concentrated around Lake Baykal?

A map highlights the Ethnolinguistic Areas of Russia and Central Asia. The map key distinguishes the languages, using color codes: Armenian, Azerbaijani (Azeri), Buryat, Caucasian, Finno-Ugric, Kalmyk, Paleo-Siberian, Russian, Tajik, Turkic, and Ukrainian. Much of the map—most of Siberia, and much of the inland portions of the Central Asian republics—is colored white, designating that these areas are sparsely populated or uninhabited. Armenian is spoken in Armenia and parts of southern Georgia and western Azerbaijan. Azerbaijani (Azeri) is spoken in almost all of Azerbaijan and small parts of southern Georgia. The Buryat language is found in pockets scattered around Lake Baikal in southern Siberia. Caucasian languages are spoken in almost all of Georgia and regions along the Georgian border in southwestern Russia. Finno-Ugric languages are found in several regions across the Russian Core region, areas north of St. Petersburg on the Baltic coast, and northwest of the Urals. Kalmyk is spoken in small areas of southwestern Russia, to the west of Caspian Sea. Paleo-Siberian languages are spoken in small isolated pockets in the far East, including along the coast of the Kamchatka Peninsula and Sakhalin Island. Russian is widely spoken across Russia including almost all of western Russia, southern Russia, and transportation corridors—including rivers—through Siberia and along the borders and coasts of the far east. Pockets of Russian speakers are also found in the Central Asian republics. Tajik is spoken in much of Tajikistan and small regions of Uzbekistan along the Tajikistan border. Turkic languages can be found scattered through Russia, including a concentration south of the Urals, and wide distributions throughout Siberia; however, the majority of territory where Turkic languages are spoken are the populated areas of the Central Asian republics. Ukrainian is spoken in scattered areas in western Russia, Kazakhstan, and southern Siberia.

a) Armenian

b) Buryat

c) Caucasus

d) Kalmyk

e) Turkic

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the establishment of the Soviet Union and creation of the Soviet federal framework, central planning, and the ultimate downfall of the USSR.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: The Soviet Experiment (1922-1991)

30) Which of the following is NOT found in Russia west of the Urals?

a) the realm's core area

b) Moscow

c) the Kuznetsk Basin (Kuzbas)

d) the Volga-Don Canal

e) C climates

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the position of Russia’s core in the west of the country, its sub-regions, and major cities.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Russian Core

31) A country's core area _______________.

a) often contains the capital city

b) incorporates the nation's largest population cluster

c) contains the region with the country's most efficient communications networks

d) exhibits the country's strongest cultural imprints

e) All of the answer choices are correct.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the position of Russia’s core in the west of the country, its sub-regions, and major cities.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Russian Core

32) St. Petersburg _______________.

a) lies on the doorstep of Siberia, a binding force between the eastern and western halves of Russia

b) was always a competitor for Moscow but did not become the capital of Russia until the 1917 Revolution

c) was formerly called Leningrad

d) lies at the head of the Sea of Okhotsk

e) has always been the country's most important Black Sea port

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the position of Russia’s core in the west of the country, its sub-regions, and major cities.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Russian Core

33) Russia's core area ____________.

a) includes the great cities of the Far East

b) centers on St. Petersburg and includes such urban places as Vladivostok and Kiev

c) incorporates the Central Industrial Region, at the heart of which lies the city of Moscow

d) has now shifted eastward into Siberia beyond the Urals

e) extends into recently absorbed Eastern Europe and now includes Poland and Hungary

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the position of Russia’s core in the west of the country, its sub-regions, and major cities.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Russian Core

34) The Volga River is central to which Russian subregion?

a) Kuzbas

b) Urals

c) Southeastern Frontier

d) Povolzhye

e) Central Asia

Difficulty: Medium

Section Reference: The Russian Core

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Russian Core

35) Russia's railroad network radiates outward from Moscow, thereby providing the city with a high degree of ___________.

a) inaccessibility

b) centrality

c) diversity

d) continentality

e) complementarity

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the position of Russia’s core in the west of the country, its sub-regions, and major cities.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Russian Core

36) The Povolzhye has been helped by all of the following except ________________.

a) the Volga-Don Canal

b) large petroleum reserves

c) the Volga River

d) the coal deposits that gave rise to the Kuzbas complex

e) distance from European conflicts

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the position of Russia’s core in the west of the country, its sub-regions, and major cities.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Russian Core

37) The __________ form(s) the eastern limit of the Russian Core.

a) Caucasus Mountains

b) Ob River

c) Volga River

d) Ural Mountains

e) the Trans-Siberian Railroad

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the position of Russia’s core in the west of the country, its sub-regions, and major cities.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Russian Core

38) Which three manufacturing regions form the anchors of the Russian core area?

a) Central Industrial, Volga, Ural

b) Amur, Volga, Siberia

c) Danube, Central Industrial, Southern Periphery

d) Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan

e) Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Discuss the position of Russia’s core in the west of the country, its sub-regions, and major cities.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Russian Core

39) The Russian port of ______ is kept open year-round by warm water from the North Atlantic.

a) Vladivostok

b) Volgograd

c) Murmansk

d) Novosibirsk

e) Baki (Baku)

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Discuss the position of Russia’s core in the west of the country, its sub-regions, and major cities.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Russian Core

40) Figure 6-16 shows that all of Russia's major manufacturing regions are located _____________.

A map shows Russia’s manufacturing regions. The six primary manufacturing regions of Russia largely fall in a belt from Moscow to the Far East, along the route of the Baikal-Amur Mainline and the Trans-Siberian Railroad. The regions, from west to east, are: the Central Industrial Region around Moscow; the Volga Region, that extends from north of Perm to Rostov on the Azov Sea; the Urals Region from Serov in the north to Orsk in the south; the Kuzbas Region around Tomsk and Novsibirsk; the Baikaliya along the Baikal-Amur Mainline between Krasnoyarsk and Bratsk, and extending southeast to Irkutsk; and the Far East Region, connecting Vanino, Khabarovsk, and Vladivostok in a narrow corridor along the rail line.

a) west of the Ural Mountains

b) along coastlines

c) east of 60˚ East longitude

d) south of 60˚ North latitude

e) along the Volga River

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the position of Russia’s core in the west of the country, its sub-regions, and major cities.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: The Russian Core

41) Which of the following Russian manufacturing complexes is located in the Southeastern Frontier region?

a) Povolzhye

b) Urals

c) Kuzbas

d) Central Industrial

e) Central Asian

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the geographic position of this region and describe/explain the location of its two main manufacturing/urban areas.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Southeastern Frontier

42) The Kuzbas region ____________.

a) is located near the city of Novosibirsk

b) is also called the Kuznetsk Basin

c) lies in the Southeastern Frontier region

d) contains both iron and coal deposits

e) All of the choices are correct.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the geographic position of this region and describe/explain the location of its two main manufacturing/urban areas.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Southeastern Frontier

43) The industrial area just to the east of the Kuzbas is centered near __________.

a) the Urals

b) Uzbekistan

c) Lake Baykal

d) Baki (Baku)

e) Vladivostok

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Discuss the geographic position of this region and describe/explain the location of its two main manufacturing/urban areas.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Southeastern Frontier

44) The most important oil and gas reserves in Russia's Far East are centered on ________________.

a) the waters between Russia and Japan's southern islands

b) Sakhalin

c) the Trans-Siberian Railroad corridor

d) the Chinese border zone

e) Vladivostok

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the difficulty of developing this region and its geopolitical importance to Russia.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Russian Far East

45) Figure 6-17 shows that the Far East's largest oil and gas deposits border the _________________.

A thematic map shows the Russian Far East. The Russian Far East, comprised of Sakha, Magadan, the Kamchatka Peninsula, Amur, Khabarovsk, Sakhalin Island, and Primorskiy Kray, the region is flanked by the Sea of Okhotsk, East Sea (Sea of Japan), and the Pacific Ocean. To the south is China, and Vladivostok is barely 100 kilometers from Russia’s short border with North Korea. The Japanese island of Hokkaido is immediately south of Sakhalin Island. Sakhalin lay across the Tatar Strait from the mainland, and the ocean bed surrounding the island is designated as the Sakhalin oil and gas region. Oil and gas pipelines run from Okha at the north end of Sakhalin south and across the Strait, along the Amur River to the city of Khabarovsk. The largest cities of the region, Vladivostok at the southern end of Primoskiy Kray, Khabarovsk near the northeastern most corner of China, and Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy on the Kamchatka Peninsula, each have populations between 250,000 and 1,000,000. No other city in the Far East is larger than 250,000, and there are relatively few cities located on the map. Other than Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy, the Kamchatka Peninsula has only three cities, none of which exceed 50,000 residents, and none of which are connected by road or rail to anywhere outside the Peninsula. A chain of over a dozen volcanoes defines the southeastern coastline of the Kamchatka Peninsula. Transportation networks are sparse, as are settlements, with few cities more than 200 kilometers from the coast or the border with China. Several small islands northeast of Hokkaido and southwest of Russia’s Kurile Islands are marked as disputed.

a) Kamchatka Peninsula

b) North Korean corridor near Vladivostok

c) Amur River

d) Kurile Islands

e) Sea of Okhotsk

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the difficulty of developing this region and its geopolitical importance to Russia.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: The Russian Far East

46) This Caspian Sea-facing Russian Republic contains more than 20 culturally discrete communities and borders the Chechen Republic.

a) Ingush Republic

b) Mari Republic

c) North Ossetian Republic

d) Dagestan Republic

e) Kazakh Republic

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Describe the volatile political nature of this region and differentiate between Russia’s internal and external peripheries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Transcaucasia

47) The dominant religion in Chechnya is _______________.

a) Chechen Orthodox

b) Buddhism

c) Roman Catholicism

d) Islam

e) None of the choices are correct

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the volatile political nature of this region and differentiate between Russia’s internal and external peripheries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Transcaucasia

48) The capital of the Chechen Republic is _______________.

a) Baki (Baku)

b) Chechensk

c) Tbilisi

d) Ingushetiya

e) Groznyy

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Describe the volatile political nature of this region and differentiate between Russia’s internal and external peripheries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Transcaucasia

49) The Transcaucasian Transition Zone includes all of the following except ___________.

a) Georgia

b) Armenia

c) Azerbaijan

d) Nagorno-Karabakh

e) Kyrgyzstan

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the volatile political nature of this region and differentiate between Russia’s internal and external peripheries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Transcaucasia

50) The former Soviet Socialist Republic on the Black Sea containing the birthplace of Stalin is _________.

a) Moldova (Moldavia)

b) Ukraine

c) Georgia

d) Crimea

e) the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Describe the volatile political nature of this region and differentiate between Russia’s internal and external peripheries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Transcaucasia

51) This former Soviet Socialist Republic borders Turkey and remains in conflict with an oil-rich neighboring state over its exclave of Nagorno-Karabakh.

a) Greece

b) Azerbaijan

c) Georgia

d) Armenia

e) Turkmenistan

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the volatile political nature of this region and differentiate between Russia’s internal and external peripheries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Transcaucasia

52) Armenia is engaged in territorial conflict with this former Soviet Socialist Republic.

a) Georgia

b) Afghanistan

c) Azerbaijan

d) Ukraine

e) Turkmenistan

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the volatile political nature of this region and differentiate between Russia’s internal and external peripheries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Transcaucasia

53) This exclave of Armenia is located within Muslim Azerbaijan.

a) Georgia

b) Chechnya

c) Abkhazia

d) Nagorno-Karabakh

e) Kurdistan

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Describe the volatile political nature of this region and differentiate between Russia’s internal and external peripheries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Transcaucasia

54) Which of the following cities is the leading oil-producing center in Azerbaijan?

a) Sakhalin

b) Novorossiysk

c) Baki (Baku)

d) Groznyy

e) Ceyhan

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the volatile political nature of this region and differentiate between Russia’s internal and external peripheries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Transcaucasia

55) This former Soviet Socialist Republic contains the oil city of Baki (Baku) and its people have ethnic affinities with Iran.

a) Azerbaijan

b) Moldova

c) Georgia

d) Armenia

e) Turkmenistan

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the volatile political nature of this region and differentiate between Russia’s internal and external peripheries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Transcaucasia

56) Which of the following peoples look across their border to Iran because they share a common Shi'ite Muslim faith?

a) Persians

b) Armenians

c) Azeris

d) Chechens

e) Turks

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the volatile political nature of this region and differentiate between Russia’s internal and external peripheries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Transcaucasia

57) The territory in dispute between Azerbaijan and Armenia is _________________.

a) Kurdistan

b) Abkhazia

c) Ajaria

d) Nagorno-Karabakh

e) West Ossetia

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Describe the volatile political nature of this region and differentiate between Russia’s internal and external peripheries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Transcaucasia

58) The new pipeline opened in 2006 carries Caspian Sea oil from Baki (Baku) to a new terminal in the country of _______________.

a) Russia

b) Armenia

c) Iran

d) Turkmenistan

e) Turkey

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the volatile political nature of this region and differentiate between Russia’s internal and external peripheries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Transcaucasia

59) Which region is not part of the territory of the Russian Federation?

a) the Russian Core

b) the Southeastern Frontier

c) Siberia

d) the Far East

e) Transcaucasia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the volatile political nature of this region and differentiate between Russia’s internal and external peripheries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Transcaucasia

60) According to Figure 6-18, this city is closest to the Volga-Don Canal.

A thematic map shows southern Russia and Transcaucasia, along with transportation and pipeline networks. Situated to the south of the Caucasus Mountains that define the border between the Russian Federation and Georgia and Azerbaijan, along with Armenia these four countries define the region. Stretching from Novorossiysk on the Black Sea coast on the west, to Astrakhan near the Kazakhstan border in the northeast, Southern Russia is comprised of the Ethnic Republics of Kalmykiya, Adygeya, Karachayevo-Cherkessiya, Kabardino-Balkariya, North Ossetia, Ingushetiya, Chechnya, and Dagestan—these last six forming most of the border between Russia and its Transcaucasian neighbors. Within Georgia, Abkhazia and Ajaria on the Black Sea coast, and South Ossetia are labeled as disputed territories. Transportation networks are sparse in this area, though more developed in southern Russia than in Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Armenia. Oil pipelines branch out westward from the Caspian coast of southern Russia and Azerbaijan on the east, extending to the Black sea coast of Russia, the city of Batumi in disputed Ajaria, Georgia, and overland toward Ceyhan, Turkey. A pipeline is proposed to run from Baki on Azerbaijan’s Caspian coast southwest into Iran.

a) Rostov

b) Volgograd

c) Astrakhan

d) Yerevan

e) Groznyy

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Describe the volatile political nature of this region and differentiate between Russia’s internal and external peripheries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: Transcaucasia

Question Type: True-False

61) Russia is the world's largest state in population size.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the delineation of the realm and its general geographic features.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Defining the Realm

62) The north–south mountain range in west-central Russia that is falsely regarded as the “boundary” between Europe and Asia is called the Ural Mountains.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the delineation of the realm and its general geographic features.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Defining the Realm

63) The great majority of Russia's inhabitants are concentrated to the east of the Ural Mountains.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the delineation of the realm and its general geographic features.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Defining the Realm

64) Russia is about twice as large as Canada in area.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the delineation of the realm and its general geographic features.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Defining the Realm

65) The Russian population today totals just over 200 million.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the delineation of the realm and its general geographic features.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Defining the Realm

66) The mountain ranges in the north of Russia act as a significant barrier to the flow of Arctic air masses, resulting in a warmer climate than might otherwise be expected.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe this region’s huge extent and explain the very low population densities.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Siberia

67) In general, the north and west of Russia are flat, the south and east are mountainous.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the delineation of the realm and its general geographic features.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Defining the Realm

68) The Urals are Russia’s most dominant mountain range.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Identify the main 10 physiographic regions of the realm, prevailing climates, and natural resources; discuss the variable impacts of global climate change across the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Physical Geography of Russia/Central Asia

69) According to Figure 6-2, the city of Novosibirsk lies in the permafrost zone.

A map shows the physiography of Russia and Central Asia and its continental shelf, subdivided into 10 regions, including: the Ural Mountains, Russian Plain, Caucasus Mountains, West Siberian Plain, Central Siberian Plain, Caspian Aral Basin, Central Asian Ranges, Yakutsk Basin, Eastern Highlands, and Pacific Rimland. The continental shelf extends into shallow water areas of the Baltic Sea in the west; the Caspian Sea to the southwest; the Barents Sea, Kara Sea, Laptev Sea, and East Siberian Sea to the north; and the Bering Sea and East Sea to the east. The Black Sea in the southwest, and the Sea of Okhtosk in the east, are deeper waters with less extent of the continental shelf.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Identify the main 10 physiographic regions of the realm, prevailing climates, and natural resources; discuss the variable impacts of global climate change across the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: Physical Geography of Russia/Central Asia

70) Global warming will increase Russia’s maritime access to the world.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Identify the main 10 physiographic regions of the realm, prevailing climates, and natural resources; discuss the variable impacts of global climate change across the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Physical Geography of Russia/Central Asia

71) Russia’s population today is about the same size as that of the United States.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss Russia’s new federal structure, population decline, and volatile economy.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The New Russia

72) Russia’s mineral wealth has been fully realized in a modern industrial economy that is highly diversified.

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Identify the main 10 physiographic regions of the realm, prevailing climates, and natural resources; discuss the variable impacts of global climate change across the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Comprehension

Section Reference: Physical Geography of Russia/Central Asia

73) The Russian Plain is essentially an eastward continuation of the North European Lowland.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Identify the main 10 physiographic regions of the realm, prevailing climates, and natural resources; discuss the variable impacts of global climate change across the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Physical Geography of Russia/Central Asia

74) The Ural Mountains, which run north-south across the Russian Republic, are a formidable obstacle to east-west transportation.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the position of Russia’s core in the west of the country, its sub-regions, and major cities.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Russian Core

75) Russia's czars first came to power as a result of the Russian Revolution.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the establishment of the Soviet Union and creation of the Soviet federal framework, central planning, and the ultimate downfall of the USSR.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Soviet Experiment (1922-1991)

76) The massive territorial expansionism we associate with Russia began in the 1920s with the arrival of communism.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the establishment of the Soviet Union and creation of the Soviet federal framework, central planning, and the ultimate downfall of the USSR.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Soviet Experiment (1922-1991)

77) Moscow has continually served as the Russian/Soviet/Russian capital city since the rule of Peter the Great.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the establishment of the Soviet Union and creation of the Soviet federal framework, central planning, and the ultimate downfall of the USSR.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Soviet Experiment (1922-1991)

78) Murmansk was established as a forward capital on the Barents Sea.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the establishment of the Soviet Union and creation of the Soviet federal framework, central planning, and the ultimate downfall of the USSR.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Soviet Experiment (1922-1991)

79) The Russians, in their eastward push across Eurasia, eventually settled Alaska.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss Russian history and territorial expansion during Czarist times; the forging of a multinational empire.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Russia’s Czarist Roots

80) The official launching of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics took place in 1924.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the establishment of the Soviet Union and creation of the Soviet federal framework, central planning, and the ultimate downfall of the USSR.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Soviet Experiment (1922-1991)

81) Toward the end of the Soviet era there were 15 SSRs (Soviet Socialist Republics).

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the establishment of the Soviet Union and creation of the Soviet federal framework, central planning, and the ultimate downfall of the USSR.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Soviet Experiment (1922-1991)

82) Under the Soviet economic system, assignment by Moscow, rather than market forces, controlled the development of local areas.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the establishment of the Soviet Union and creation of the Soviet federal framework, central planning, and the ultimate downfall of the USSR.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Comprehension

Section Reference: The Soviet Experiment (1922-1991)

83) The centralized economic planning practiced in the Soviet Union constituted a command economy.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the establishment of the Soviet Union and creation of the Soviet federal framework, central planning, and the ultimate downfall of the USSR.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Comprehension

Section Reference: The Soviet Experiment (1922-1991)

84) In the former USSR, atheism was official policy.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the establishment of the Soviet Union and creation of the Soviet federal framework, central planning, and the ultimate downfall of the USSR.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Soviet Experiment (1922-1991)

85) Russia has never been a colonial power.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the establishment of the Soviet Union and creation of the Soviet federal framework, central planning, and the ultimate downfall of the USSR.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Soviet Experiment (1922-1991)

86) Since the fall of the communist regime, Moscow and the central government based there have become more and more respected by people throughout the country.

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Discuss the impact of the dissolution of the USSR on the new Russia’s geopolitical orientation, especially in regard to the Near Abroad and the Arctic.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Post-Soviet Russia and the Near Abroad

87) The post-1991 Russian Federation was restructured to consist of only 14 internal political units.

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Discuss the impact of the dissolution of the USSR on the new Russia’s geopolitical orientation, especially in regard to the Near Abroad and the Arctic.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Post-Soviet Russia and the Near Abroad

88) The Soviet Union devolved into 20 independent countries in 1991.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the impact of the dissolution of the USSR on the new Russia’s geopolitical orientation, especially in regard to the Near Abroad and the Arctic.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Post-Soviet Russia and the Near Abroad

89) Since the fall of communism in 1991, Russian life expectancies have increased markedly.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the impact of the dissolution of the USSR on the new Russia’s geopolitical orientation, especially in regard to the Near Abroad and the Arctic.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Post-Soviet Russia and the Near Abroad

90) Russia’s level of urbanization today is greater than that of Europe.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the delineation of the realm and its general geographic features.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Defining the Realm

91) The post-communist era in Russia is typified by both free-market capitalism and increasingly democratic governance.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the impact of the dissolution of the USSR on the new Russia’s geopolitical orientation, especially in regard to the Near Abroad and the Arctic.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Comprehension

Section Reference: Post-Soviet Russia and the Near Abroad

92) St. Petersburg, with respect to the Russian domestic market, has greater locational (situational) advantages and less of a distance-decay challenge than Moscow.

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Discuss the position of Russia’s core in the west of the country, its sub-regions, and major cities.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Comprehension

Section Reference: The Russian Core

93) Moscow lies at the heart of Russia's Central Industrial Region.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the position of Russia’s core in the west of the country, its sub-regions, and major cities.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Russian Core

94) Povolzhye is the Russian name for an area that extends along the middle and lower Volga River.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the position of Russia’s core in the west of the country, its sub-regions, and major cities.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Russian Core

95) The term Kuzbas is shorthand for the Kuznetsk Basin.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the geographic position of this region and describe/explain the location of its two main manufacturing/urban areas.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Southeastern Frontier

96) The large city near the southern end of Lake Baykal is Irkutsk.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the geographic position of this region and describe/explain the location of its two main manufacturing/urban areas.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Southeastern Frontier

97) Siberia is larger in territorial size than the conterminous United States, but has a population of less than 20 million.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe this region’s huge extent and explain the very low population densities.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Siberia

98) The Lena, Ob, and Yenisey are all major, northward-flowing, Siberian rivers.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe this region’s huge extent and explain the very low population densities.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Siberia

99) The eastward migration of Russians to the Pacific coastal zone since 1991 has overburdened the available accommodations there, and restrictions have been necessitated.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the difficulty of developing this region and its geopolitical importance to Russia.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Russian Far East

100) The current development of the Russian Far East has benefited significantly from the region's geographic proximity to Japan.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the difficulty of developing this region and its geopolitical importance to Russia.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Russian Far East

101) Sakhalin is an oil-rich island that lies off the Russian Far East mainland.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the difficulty of developing this region and its geopolitical importance to Russia.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Russian Far East

102) Siberia's importance in Russia is due to its natural resources.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe this region’s huge extent and explain the very low population densities.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Siberia

103) Chechnya is not a sovereign nation but an ethnic republic of Russia.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the volatile political nature of this region and differentiate between Russia’s internal and external peripheries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Transcaucasia

104) Georgia is the only Transcaucasian republic with a Caspian Sea coastline.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the volatile political nature of this region and differentiate between Russia’s internal and external peripheries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Transcaucasia

105) Muslims in Azerbaijan look across their border with Iraq for support of their cause.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the volatile political nature of this region and differentiate between Russia’s internal and external peripheries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Transcaucasia

106) Baki (Baku) is the leading oil city on the western shore of the Caspian Sea.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the volatile political nature of this region and differentiate between Russia’s internal and external peripheries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Transcaucasia

107) Azerbaijan and Armenia bitterly contest the territory known as Nagorno-Karabakh.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the volatile political nature of this region and differentiate between Russia’s internal and external peripheries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Transcaucasia

108) Figure 6-14 shows that the eastern terminus of the Trans-Siberian Railroad is Vladivostok.

A map shows the realm of Russia and Central Asia, its major cities and surface links. To the realm’s north is the Arctic Ocean, to the west is Europe, to the south is Southwest Asia, South Asia, and East Asia, and to the west is the Pacific Ocean. Russia constitutes the largest component of the realm; while Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan located to the south of Russia are flanked and the Caspian Sea on the west, China on the east, and Iran and Afghanistan to the south. Moscow and St. Petersburg are the largest cities of the realm, each with over 5,000,000 residents. A number of cities have populations between 1,000,000 and 5,000,000; most of them are in a triangle with St. Petersburg on the Baltic Sea the north vertex; Odesa, Ukraine on the Black Sea coast is the south vertex, and Krasnoyarsk in southern Siberia is the eastern vertex. Outside this triangle, only Almaty (Kazakhstan), Tashkent (Uzbekistan), Baku (Azerbaijan), Tbilsi (Georgia), and Yerevan (Armenia) are larger than 1,000,000 residents. As well as large cities, transportation networks are sparse to nonexistent outside of this triangle, as well, with only two rail lines—the Baikal-Amur Mainline Railroad, and the Trans-Siberian Railroad—transiting the realm from east to west; no roads cross Siberia completely.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss Russia’s new federal structure, population decline, and volatile economy.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: The New Russia

Question Type: Fill-in-the-blank

109) The so-called “Mississippi of Russia,” and its most important navigable river, is the ___________.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the position of Russia’s core in the west of the country, its sub-regions, and major cities.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Russian Core

110) The city of ___________ was formerly known as Stalingrad from 1925-1961.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the establishment of the Soviet Union and creation of the Soviet federal framework, central planning, and the ultimate downfall of the USSR.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Soviet Experiment (1922-1991)

111) The czar(ina) principally responsible for trying to modernize Russia and make it a European-style state was___.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss Russian history and territorial expansion during Czarist times; the forging of a multinational empire.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Russia’s Czarist Roots

112) The USSR disintegrated in the year ___.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss Russia’s new federal structure, population decline, and volatile economy.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The New Russia

113) Development in the Povolzhye has been sparked, in part, by the development of the ___ Canal, which links it to the Black Sea.

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Discuss the position of Russia’s core in the west of the country, its sub-regions, and major cities.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Russian Core

114) The Eastern Frontier's leading industrial region is the ___.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the geographic position of this region and describe/explain the location of its two main manufacturing/urban areas.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Southeastern Frontier

115) The region of Russia known as "Russia's freezer" is ___.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe this region’s huge extent and explain the very low population densities.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Siberia

116) The region lying south of the Russian border between the Black and the Caspian seas is known as ___.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the volatile political nature of this region and differentiate between Russia’s internal and external peripheries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Transcaucasia

117) South Ossetia, Abkhazia, and Ajaria are all located in the Transcaucasian country of ___.

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Describe the volatile political nature of this region and differentiate between Russia’s internal and external peripheries.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Transcaucasia

118) _____________ was made the capital of Kazakhstan at the end of the 20th century.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the different cultural influences in this region and its position in relation to Russia and China, and differentiate between the five states in the region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Central Asia

119) According to Figure 6-19, which Central Asian country borders the most countries of the Russia/Central Asia Realm?

A thematic map shows Central Asia, its significant cities, oil and gas fields and pipelines, and transportation networks. Kazakhstan is the largest of the Central Asian republics, bordering Russia and all the other republics except Tajikistan. The rest of the republics, south of Kazakhstan, from west to east are Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan. The largest cities in the region are Almaty in southeastern Kazakhstan and Tashkent in the Fergana Valley of northeastern Uzbekistan; both have between 1,000,000 and 5,000,000 residents. The majority of the rest of the cities represented are smaller than 250,000 residents. Both cities and transportation networks are sparse; mostly in northern Kazakhstan and in the Fergana Valley region of eastern Uzbekistan and western Kyrgyzstan. Oilfields can be found in the Caspian Sea bed and the Tengiz Basin in the west of Kazakhstan, as well as scattered small fields in central Kazakhstan east of the Aral Sea remnants. Small oilfields can be found in the Caspian coastal area of Turkmenistan, as well as scattered oilfields through eastern Turnkmenistan and central Uzbekistan. Gasfields are more prevalent, in the Tengiz Basin and in larger deposits throughout eastern Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. Numerous oil and gas pipelines run from the fields to terminals on the Black Sea,; west and north into Russia; under the Caspian to Baki, Azerbaijan; overland into Iran and on to Baki, and east into China.

a) China

b) Uzbekistan

c) Turkmenistan

d) Pakistan

e) Kazakhstan

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the different cultural influences in this region and its position in relation to Russia and China, and differentiate between the five states in the region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: Central Asia

120) Review Figure 6-4. Why is a melting permafrost most relevant?

An azimuthal map, with the North Pole at the center and the 30 degree north line of latitude as the outer boundary, highlights the extent of permafrost in the Northern Hemisphere. The area of Continuous permafrost region includes the coasts of the northern half of Greenland, northernmost Canada and Alaska, and much of Russia, extending south through Siberia nearly to the borders with China and Mongolia, excepting only the coasts of the Pacific. Generally, the Continuous permafrost in North America is poleward of 65 degrees north latitude; in Russia, the Continuous permafrost is found poleward of 60 degrees north—and Russia has more landmass at higher latitudes than does North America. Generally south of the Continuous permafrost is a band of Discontinuous permafrost. This area includes the coast of the southern half of Greenland, the rest of the Canadian landmass poleward of 50 degrees north latitude, and all of Alaska except for the southern coast; Discontinuous permafrost extends south to cover the rest of Russia’s eastern half, extending over the borders of Mongolia and China. Some smaller areas of Discontinuous permafrost can be seen extending into Montana in the United States, across the northern coasts of Scandinavia, and in the Alps of Europe.

a) Reindeer become trapped in mud.

b) Carbon is released into the atmosphere.

c) Farmland is opened up.

d) People discover woolly mammoth fossils.

e) Developers create space for houses.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Identify the main 10 physiographic regions of the realm, prevailing climates, and natural resources; discuss the variable impacts of global climate change across the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: Physical Geography of Russia/Central Asia

121) Based off of Figure 6-6, what is the region most likely to be financially impacted by the Northeast Passage?

A map of Russia/Central Asia shows major oil and gas reserves including the areas of exploration, oil and gas regions, gas pipelines, and oil pipelines. Areas of exploration include the Sea of Azov, the Barents Sea north of Timan Pechora, the Volga-Urals from Perm south to near Orenburg, western Kazakhstan north of the Caspian, as well as the Tengiz Basin in the northeast of the Caspian, virtually the entirety of the Caspian Sea, the West Siberia Tyumen region extending from the Kara Sea to approximately 500 kilometers south of Urengoy, and in the Sea of Okhotsk immediately to the east of Sakhalin Island. These Areas of exploration are all within or adjacent to current (larger) oil and gas regions; additionally, oil and gas regions are found under most of the Kara Sea and much of the Laptev Sea, under a portion of the East Siberian Sea, in the region immediately to the northwest of Lake Baikal in southern Siberia, in the North Caucasus and extending north along the Volga River basin, and in southern Central Asia, along the borders with Iran and Afghanistan. Oil and gas pipelines largely converge on Moscow from the Tima Pechora fields, the Kara Sea coast, Urengoy in West Siberia, the Caucasus and Caspian regions, and the Central Asia fields in Turkmenistan. Other pipelines network into these trunk lines, and a gas pipeline from the southwest shores of Lake Baikal passes through Tomsk and Tyumen on its way west, eventually reaching Europe via Ukraine—this is the Siberian Gas Pipeline. Other pipelines head west toward Europe from the Caucasus via Turkey and via the Black Sea, and multiple pipelines extend to Europe from Moscow.

a) Russian Plain

b) Ural Mountains

c) Caucasus Mountains

d) Central Siberian Plateau

e) Central Asian Ranges

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Identify the main 10 physiographic regions of the realm, prevailing climates, and natural resources; discuss the variable impacts of global climate change across the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: Physical Geography of Russia/Central Asia

122) Based off of Figure 6-7, what power controlled the western most territory?

A map highlights the territorial extent of Russia through history: first as the Grand Duchy of Moscow in 1462, later as Czarist (Imperial) Russia in 1914, still later in 1989 as the Soviet Union, and then Russia today. The area of the Grand Duchy of Moscow in 1462 includes roughly a 500 kilometer radius around the city of Moscow in western Russia. In 1914, Czarist Russia extended west as far as including modern-day Finland, the Baltics, a portion of Poland, and most of Ukraine. To the south, the Empire included the Caucasus region, and all of Central Asia. To the east and north, the Czarist borders were coterminous with the borders of today. The Soviet borders matched Czarist Russia to the north, south, and east, but to the west, the Soviet Union did not include any of Finland or Poland, and annexed Moldova and western Ukraine. During this Soviet era, the Union was made up of the Soviet republics of Russia, Estonia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Kazakhstan. The Russian Federation of today matches the borders of the Soviet republic of Russia, and includes the exclaves of Kaliningrad and Crimea.

a) Czarist Russia

b) Soviet Union

c) Both Czarist Russia and the Soviet Union

d) Finland

e) Vladivostok

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss Russian history and territorial expansion during Czarist times; the forging of a multinational empire.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: Russia’s Czarist Roots

123) Review Figure 6-9. What is the least likely reason for the Kerch Straight Bridge?

A map shows the territories around the Sea of Azov, and the new Kerch Strait Bridge. The area under control by pro-Russian rebels in 2018 is on the northern shores of the Sea of Azov, in Ukraine along its southeastern border with Russia. The Sea of Azov is connected to the Black Sea by the narrow Kerch Strait. The Kerch Strait Bridge spans the waters between the Taman Peninsula of Russia and Kerch Peninsula of Crimea, which is shaded with a different color than Russia or Ukraine, indicating its disputed status. Significant cities indicated on the map are Sevastopol on the southwest coast of the Crimea Peninsula, Marlupol in southeastern Ukraine on the edge of rebel-held territory, and Taganrog, the closest Russian city to the rebel territory in Ukraine. The only roads indicated joining Crimea to the mainland are two roads leading north into Ukraine, and the new Kerch Strait bridge leading east into Russia.

a) Showcase Russian engineering.

b) Save money on shipping.

c) Avoid overland routes through the Ukraine.

d) Avoid having to build and operate additional ice breaking ships.

e) Provide the new “Russian” citizens of Crimea with additional fishing opportunities.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the impact of the dissolution of the USSR on the new Russia’s geopolitical orientation, especially in regard to the Near Abroad and the Arctic.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: Post-Soviet Russia and the Near Abroad

124) Review Figure 6-10. What is the least likely reason Russia sends so much oil via pipeline to Europe?

A map shows gas pipelines from Russia to Europe in 2019. The gas pipelines start from Russia’s interior: one to Moscow from the northeast, and another from the southwest that terminates near Moscow. From Moscow one line runs to St. Petersburg, then on under the Baltic Sea to Germany. Two other lines diverge from Moscow, one headed to Belarus, Poland, and Germany, and one southward towards Ukraine. Four other lines come from the east and cross into Ukraine; one of these lines splits and heads under the Black Sea to Turkey east of Istanbul, and the other transits the Black Sea and terminates near Ankara, Turkey. Multiple lines converge and network in eastern Ukraine; four lines converge in western Ukraine and go on to Southern Europe and Western Europe. Poland, Germany, the Czech Republic, Romania, France, and Italy are the countries with the most pipeline network. A proposed pipeline through eastern Turkey would transit the Aegean, branching in Greece and transiting the Adriatic to reach the “heel” of southern Italy.

a) It is cheaper than shipping it.

b) It is safer than shipping it.

c) They want to avoid selling it to the United States.

d) They want to make Europe dependent on it.

e) They want to pay for the upkeep of the Hermitage Museum and other cultural treasures.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the impact of the dissolution of the USSR on the new Russia’s geopolitical orientation, especially in regard to the Near Abroad and the Arctic.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: Post-Soviet Russia and the Near Abroad

125) Review Figure 6-11. What is the most likely reason Russia is militarizing the Artic?

An azimuthal map, with the North Pole at the Center and radius out to approximately 60 degrees north latitude, shows Russian Military Buildup in the Arctic in 2019. Located on the map are new or upgraded Russian military bases, existing Russian military bases, and Non-Russian military bases. New or upgraded Russian military bases around found on the major islands of the Arctic Ocean: Nagurskoye Airbase on Franz Josef Land; Rogachevo Airbase on Novaya Zemlya in the Kara Sea; Sredny Ostrov Airbase on North Land (Severnaya Zemlya); Temp Airbase on the New Siberian Islands on the Laptev Sea, and Zvyozdny Airbase on Wrangel Island. Seven other new or upgraded army, air, and naval bases are located along Russia’s mainland northern and Bering Sea coast, including Pechenga Army Base and Alakurtti Military Intelligence Base near Finland and the New North Arctic Command at Arkhangelsk. Five existing Russian military bases are located on the northern coast or slightly inland. A number of unnamed non-Russian military bases are marked on the map: seven in Alaska, one in northwest Canada on the Beaufort Sea coast, three on the northeastern most islands of Canada, and one on the northwest Greenland coast.

a) They want to be prepared if Finland attacks.

b) They want to be prepared if China attacks.

c) They want to project power and territorial claims if the Northeast Passage becomes navigable.

d) They want to be prepared if the United States attacks.

e) They want to have a northwest shipping route for oil transport to Australia.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the impact of the dissolution of the USSR on the new Russia’s geopolitical orientation, especially in regard to the Near Abroad and the Arctic.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: Post-Soviet Russia and the Near Abroad

126) Review Figure 6-13. What is the most likely reason the Russian administration has made changes to it’s political-administrative structure?

A map shows the administrative structure of Russia. Russia is divided into 8 federal districts, with numerous ethnic republic and autonomous regions, as well as Russian regions, within each federal district. The general pattern to these districts and regions is that the west has smaller-sized districts and regions than the east, where both the number of regions in each district is smaller, and the size of districts and regions is larger. The federal districts are: Northwestern, with a population of 13.6 million and its capital at St. Petersburg; Central, with 38.4 million people and its capital at Moscow; Southern, with 13.9 million people and its capital at Rostov; North Caucasus, with 9.5 million people and its capital at Pyatigorsk; Volga, with 29.9 million people and its capital at Nizhniy Novgorod; Urals, with 12.1 million people and its capital at Yekaterinburg; Siberian, with 19.3 million people an its capital at Novosibirsk; and far Eastern, with 6.3 million people and its capital at Vladivostok. Of the 87 administrative units (ethnic republics, autonomous regions, and Russian regions) 35 are so small in area that the map cannot fit the names in each district, so these are listed in an inset box. Of these 35, 30 are found in the western federal districts of Northwestern, Central, Volga, and Southern.

a) They want to create more chances for Russians to have local representation in government.

b) They want to head toward a unitary state system.

c) They want to promote more unity within the federal state.

d) They want to elect regional governors.

e) They want to even out the number of people in electoral districts.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss Russia’s new federal structure, population decline, and volatile economy.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: The New Russia

127) How many countries are contained within Central Asia?

a) 3

b) 5

c) 7

d) 9

e) 11

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the different cultural influences in this region and its position in relation to Russia and China, and differentiate between the five states in the region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Central Asia

128) What has influenced Central Asia?

a) Islamic forces

b) Turkic forces

c) Communist forces

d) Russian forces

e) All of the answers are correct.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the different cultural influences in this region and its position in relation to Russia and China, and differentiate between the five states in the region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Central Asia

129) What is the largest country in Central Asia?

a) Kazakhstan

b) Uzbekistan

c) Turkmenistan

d) Kyrgyzstan

e) Tajikistan Kazakhstan

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the different cultural influences in this region and its position in relation to Russia and China, and differentiate between the five states in the region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Central Asia

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Document Type:
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Chapter Number:
6
Created Date:
Aug 21, 2025
Chapter Name:
Chapter 6 The Russian/central Asian Realm
Author:
Jan Nijman

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