Test Bank Chapter 7 The North African/southwest Asian Realm - Updated Test Bank | Geography Realms & Regions 18e by Jan Nijman. DOCX document preview.

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Test Bank Chapter 7 The North African/southwest Asian Realm

Package Title: Test Bank

Course Title: Regions 18e

Chapter Number: 07

Question Type: Multiple Choice

1) Which of the following is not included in the North Africa/Southwest Asia realm?

a) Pakistan

b) Iran

c) Iraq

d) Egypt

e) Islamic State (ISIS)

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss different names for this realm, key geographic features, and population distribution.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Defining the Realm

2) The three largest countries in population size in the North Africa/Southwest Asia realm are ____________.

a) Israel, Jordan, and Pakistan

b) Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Iran

c) Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and Yemen

d) Egypt, Kazakhstan, and Morocco

e) Egypt, Iran, and Turkey

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss different names for this realm, key geographic features, and population distribution.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Defining the Realm

3) _____ is the name for the "land between the rivers."

a) Levant

b) Mesopotamia

c) Choke Point

d) Maghreb

e) The Fertile Crescent

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss different names for this realm, key geographic features, and population distribution.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Defining the Realm

4) Hydraulic civilization theory holds this view..

a) Water is the key to survival in the desert.

b) Cities able to control irrigated farming over large hinterlands hold power over others.

c) Irrigation is the key to the advancement of agriculture.

d) Cities on islands will always dominate those on the nearby mainland.

e) All of the choices are correct.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss different names for this realm, key geographic features, and population distribution.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Defining the Realm

5) Which of the following is not an Old-World culture hearth?

a) the Indus Valley

b) the Ganges Delta

c) Mesopotamia

d) the western Arabian Peninsula centered on Mecca

e) the lower Nile Valley

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss different names for this realm, key geographic features, and population distribution.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Defining the Realm

6) Which modern-day state was least influenced by the diffusion of Islam?

a) Yemen

b) Bosnia

c) China

d) Northern Nigeria

e) Turkestan

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the advent and diffusion of Islam in this realm; the split between Sunni and Shi’ite sects; and the importance of the Ottoman empire.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Stage for Islam

7) What is the difference between expansion diffusion and relocation diffusion?

a) In the case of expansion diffusion, a phenomenon originates in an area, remains strong there, and spreads outward; in relocation diffusion, the phenomenon is carried by migrants to a distant location and diffuses from there.

b) In the case of relocation diffusion, a phenomenon originates in an area, remains strong there, and spreads outward; in expansion diffusion, the phenomenon is carried to a distant location and diffuses from there.

c) Relocation diffusion involves direct contact; expansion diffusion requires a mobile host that transmits the diffused innovations at different locales.

d) Expansion diffusion continues endlessly; relocation diffusion is a staged process affecting an even larger area in periodic waves.

e) Relocation diffusion requires mass communication such as television; expansion diffusion takes place by direct contact.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the advent and diffusion of Islam in this realm; the split between Sunni and Shi’ite sects; and the importance of the Ottoman empire.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Comprehension

Section Reference: Stage for Islam

8) Shi'ite Muslims constitute the great majority of the population of _____________.

a) Egypt

b) Algeria

c) Saudi Arabia

d) Turkey

e) Iran

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the emergence, evolution, and expansion of Islam, and the effects of Ottoman rule within this territory.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Stage for Islam

9) About 90 percent of Muslims consider themselves to be _____________.

a) Caliphs

b) Shi'ites

c) Asian Orthodox adherents

d) Sharias

e) Sunnis

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the advent and diffusion of Islam in this realm; the split between Sunni and Shi’ite sects; and the importance of the Ottoman empire.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Stage for Islam

10) The empire that ruled over much of Southwest Asia at the start of World War I was the _______ Empire.

a) Ottoman

b) Persian

c) French

d) British

e) Arab-Islamic

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the advent and diffusion of Islam in this realm; the split between Sunni and Shi’ite sects; and the importance of the Ottoman empire.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Stage for Islam.

11) According to Figure 7-4, which country did not experience Islamic rule at some time in the past?

A thematic map shows the diffusion of Islam between 630 and 1600 A.D. From where it originated in Mecca near the west-central coast of Arabia, Islam spread to the rest of the Arabian Peninsula by 630 and to the immediate neighbors such as Egypt and present-day Israel, Lebanon, Jordan, and Iraq by 635 A.D. It further spread to Iran in West Asia and the western regions of Egypt by 650 A.D. By 700 A.D., Islam continued to expand further into West Asia via the Ottoman Empire in Eurasia, and traversed Iran to reach the Mogul Empire in South Asia, where it also expanded by land and sea to the Ganges Delta in northeast India by the year 1600. By 900 A.D., Islam had spread to Central Asia and to northwest Africa and the Iberian Peninsula. By 1100 A.D., Islam reached Dar es Salaam in present-day Tanzania, and had spread into West Africa, the Sahel region of Sub-Saharan Africa, and the Horn of Africa by 1600. Eastward, by 1200 Islam had reached the Malay Peninsula and islands of Southeast Asia.

a) Egypt

b) Israel

c) Spain

d) Germany

e) India

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the advent and diffusion of Islam in this realm; the split between Sunni and Shi’ite sects; and the importance of the Ottoman empire.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: Stage for Islam

12) According to Figure 7-5, the British colonized all of the following EXCEPT ___________.

A thematic map shows the extent of the Ottoman Empire and subsequent territorial control. The Ottoman Empire spread from Turkey across the Mediterranean Sea, all around the Black Sea, and spanned the North African coast, West Asia, the southern regions of present-day Russia, and the modern-day states of Armenia and Azerbaijan. In Europe, the Ottomans had established their territories as far as the Austrian frontiers and included in Greece, Albania, Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria, Bosnia, and Hungary. The map indicates when the Ottoman Empire lost control over parts of its Empire. Austria took Hungary in 1699 and Bosnia in 1878. France took Ottoman Algeria in 1830 and Tunisia in 1881; France took Lebanon and Syria in 1920. Italy took Libya from the Ottomans in 1920. Britain took Cyprus in 1878, Egypt in 1882, Yemen in 1913, Palestine in 1917, Transjordan in 1918, and Iraq in 1920. Russia took the northern coast of the Black Sea by 1783, and also took Armenia and Azerbaijan, while Persia expanded west into Ottoman territory. Countries that became independent included Greece (between 1829 and 1912), Albania (1912), Serbia (1878), Romania (1878), and Bulgaria (1908).

a) Egypt

b) Iraq

c) Syria

d) Palestine

e) TransJordan

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the importance of the Ottoman Empire in the political geography of the realm in past centuries

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: The Ottoman Empire and Its Aftermath

13) What year were women first allowed to drive in Saudi Arabia?

a) 1922

b) 1934

c) 2013

d) 2015

e) 2018

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Outline the main geographic features of this region and the differences among the various countries; the dominance of Saudi Arabia; efforts of Gulf States to overcome their dependence on oil; the conflict in Yemen.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Arabian Peninsula

14) Which of the following countries is not a major oil producer?

a) Kuwait

b) Libya

c) Iraq

d) Iran

e) Jordan

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Outline the impact of oil on this realm and on its internal development and involvement of foreign powers; regional inequalities and the rise of the Gulf States; the growing importance of water resources.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Economic Geography

15) Which of the following oil producers does not border the Persian Gulf?

a) Iran

b) Kuwait

c) Libya

d) Saudi Arabia

e) United Arab Emirates

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Outline the impact of oil on this realm and on its internal development and involvement of foreign powers; regional inequalities and the rise of the Gulf States; the growing importance of water resources.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Economic Geography

16) The United Arab Emirates includes the rapidly developing, oil-rich sheikhdom named ____________.

a) Kuwait

b) Oman

c) Abu Dhabi

d) Bahrain

e) Qatar

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Outline the impact of oil on this realm and on its internal development and involvement of foreign powers; regional inequalities and the rise of the Gulf States; the growing importance of water resources.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Economic Geography

17) The largest oil reserves in the NASWA realm underlie _______________.

a) Israel

b) Libya

c) Kuwait

d) Saudi Arabia

e) Egypt

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Outline the impact of oil on this realm and on its internal development and involvement of foreign powers; regional inequalities and the rise of the Gulf States; the growing importance of water resources.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Economic Geography

18) According to Figure 7-6, which country possesses one of the five largest oil reserves in the world but is not one of the five leading oil producers?

A thematic map shows the oil and gas production and distribution in North Africa and Southwest Asia in 2018. Each producing over one billion barrels of oil annually, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia are OPEC, as are lesser producers such as Algeria, Libya, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates, all of which produce between 100 million and 1 billion barrels of oil annually. Egypt and Oman, not OPEC members, also produce between 100 million and 1 billion barrels of oil annually. Jordan, Lebanon, Eritrea, and Mali produce little or no oil, and the rest of the countries of North Africa and Southwest Asia are minor producers, pumping under 100 million barrels of oil a year. Oil fields ring the Persian Gulf and extend in a line northwest from the Gulf through Iraq and Iran and on into northeast Syria southwest Turkey. Numerous gas fields are also found in these same areas. In North Africa, the majority of oil and gas fields are found in a band from eastern Algeria through Libya, with production in Libya concentrated near the Gulf of Sidra, and a small number of oil and gas fields extending through northern Egypt and into the Sinai. Pipelines network through oil and gas fields to ports: on the Mediterranean for North African production, and to the Persian Gulf for Iraqi, Iranian, and Arabian Peninsula production. Notable exceptions include pipelines to the Mediterranean for oil from Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, and Azerbaijan; an oil pipeline through central Saudi Arabia to the port of Yanbu on the Red Sea; a pipeline delivering Yemeni oil to its Red Sea port Al Hudayadah, and an Omani oil pipeline reaching Mutrah on the Gulf of Oman. A proposed extension to an Iranian gas pipeline would terminate on the coast of the Gulf of Oman, beyond the Strait of Hormuz and the Persian Gulf. Four different tables below the map provide additional information on the top countries and their production of barrels in billions as follows: Annual Oil Production: United States (4.00), Russia (3.93), Saudi Arabia (3.81), Iraq (1.68), Canada (1.55), Iran (1.55), China (1.38), United Arab Emirates (1.18), Kuwait (1.03), Brazil (0.95). Total Oil Reserves: Venezuela (302.3), Saudi Arabia (266.2), Canada (170.5), Iran (157.2), Iraq (148.8), Kuwait (101.5), United Arab Emirates (97.8), Russia (80.0), Libya (48.4), United States (42.0). Annual Natural Gas Production: United States (32,914), Russia (22,728), Iran (9,098), Canada (6,752), Algeria (6,492), Qatar (6,001), Norway (5,763), China (4,560), Saudi Arabia (4,232), United Arab Emirates (3,179). Total Natural Gas Reserves: Russia (1,688,200), Iran (1,194,000), Qatar (842,600), Saudi Arabia (307,700), Turkmenistan (65,000), United Arab Emirates (215,100), China (212,600), Venezuela (201,500), Nigeria (198,700), Algeria (159,100).

a) Russia

b) Iran

c) Iraq

d) Venezuela

e) Libya

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Outline the impact of oil on this realm and on its internal development and involvement of foreign powers; regional inequalities and the rise of the Gulf States; the growing importance of water resources.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Economic Geography

19) Which of the following is NOT an impact of oil-related development in the NASWA realm?

a) outmigration from the realm

b) infrastructure development

c) foreign investment and involvement

d) the diffusion of Islamic revivalism

e) an increase in intraregional disparities

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Outline the impact of oil on this realm and on its internal development and involvement of foreign powers; regional inequalities and the rise of the Gulf States; the growing importance of water resources.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Economic Geography

20) Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

a) The overwhelming majority of Egypt's people live within 20 kilometers (12 mi) of the Nile.

b) The Blue Nile originates in Ethiopia.

c) The largest of all Nile River control projects is the Aswan High Dam.

d) Egypt's largest city, Cairo, is located on the shore of Lake Nasser in Upper Egypt.

e) The White Nile originates in East Africa.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the centrality of this region to the realm at large, the importance of the Nile, and the internal challenges of Egypt and Sudan.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Egypt and the Lower Nile Basin

21) The city of __________ is located at the confluence of the White Nile and Blue Nile, and serves as the capital of __________.

a) Khartoum; Sudan

b) Timbuktu; Ethiopia

c) Cairo; Egypt

d) Jerusalem; Jordan

e) Basra; Iraq

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the centrality of this region to the realm at large, the importance of the Nile, and the internal challenges of Egypt and Sudan.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Egypt and the Lower Nile Basin

22) The Aswan High Dam is located on the ___________.

a) Shatt-al-Arab waterway

b) Nile River

c) Persian Gulf

d) Suez Canal

e) Red Sea

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the centrality of this region to the realm at large, the importance of the Nile, and the internal challenges of Egypt and Sudan.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Egypt and the Lower Nile Basin

23) Which of the following is not located in the vicinity of the Nile Delta?

a) Alexandria

b) Aswan High Dam

c) Cairo

d) Suez Canal

e) Lower Egypt

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the centrality of this region to the realm at large, the importance of the Nile, and the internal challenges of Egypt and Sudan.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Egypt and the Lower Nile Basin

24) The upstream country that potentially can control the flow of the Nile River into Egypt is ____________.

a) Iraq

b) Israel

c) Ethiopia

d) Libya

e) Turkey

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the centrality of this region to the realm at large, the importance of the Nile, and the internal challenges of Egypt and Sudan.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Egypt and the Lower Nile Basin

25) Darfur Province, the recent scene of a massive ethnic cleansing, is located in the central-west of ___________.

a) Egypt

b) Sudan

c) Libya

d) Turkey

e) Morocco

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the centrality of this region to the realm at large, the importance of the Nile, and the internal challenges of Egypt and Sudan.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Egypt and the Lower Nile Basin

26) The discovery of this commodity in southern Sudan sparked the independence movement that eventually led to the division of the country:

a) gold

b) uranium

c) oil

d) water

e) salt

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the centrality of this region to the realm at large, the importance of the Nile, and the internal challenges of Egypt and Sudan.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Egypt and the Lower Nile Basin

27) Which of the following rivers flows through Iraq?

a) Euphrates

b) Jordan

c) White Nile

d) Blue Nile

e) None of the choices are correct.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss different names for this realm, key geographic features, and population distribution.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Defining the Realm

28) In Iraq, the Shi'ite population is concentrated in the ___________.

a) northwest

b) area centered on Baghdad

c) western border area near Jordan

d) southeast

e) Shi'ite Triangle in the center

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the various geopolitical conflicts that overshadow this region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Middle East

29) Iraq's oil cities of Kirkuk and Mosul are located within the culture area of the _____ population.

a) Kurdish

b) Iranian

c) Shi'ite

d) Turkic

e) Sunni

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the various geopolitical conflicts that overshadow this region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Middle East

30) The Syrians lost which piece of territory to the Israelis in the 1967 war?

a) Gaza

b) Lebanon

c) the West Bank

d) the Golan Heights

e) the Right Bank

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the various geopolitical conflicts that overshadow this region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Middle East

31) Since 1948, Jordan has absorbed large numbers of _____________ people.

a) Lebanese

b) Jewish

c) Kurdish

d) South Syrian

e) Palestinian

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the various geopolitical conflicts that overshadow this region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Middle East

32) The modern state of Israel was created in __________.

a) 1923

b) 1937

c) 1948

d) 1959

e) 1967

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the various geopolitical conflicts that overshadow this region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Middle East

33) Israel considers its capital to be the city of ______.

a) Tel Aviv

b) Haifa

c) Bethlehem

d) Jerusalem

e) Golan

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the various geopolitical conflicts that overshadow this region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Middle East

34) The state of Israel was ______________________.

a) settled by people fleeing the Zionist policies of Nazi Germany

b) created from territory that was formerly administered by the British

c) a part of the Ottoman Empire that was ceded to the Jews in 1923

d) created out of the country of Palestine that previously had no Jewish population

e) founded shortly after World War I

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the various geopolitical conflicts that overshadow this region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Middle East

35) Which of the following countries does not share a common border with Israel?

a) Iran

b) Egypt

c) Jordan

d) Lebanon

e) Syria

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the various geopolitical conflicts that overshadow this region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Middle East

36) Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

a) Israel's population is about 8 million.

b) Israel's Security Barrier walls off the West Bank.

c) In 2005 Israel decided to yield the Gaza Strip to the Palestinian Authority.

d) The United Nations gave Jerusalem to the Israelis under the 1947 partition resolution.

e) The Palestinians and the Israelis both want Jerusalem to be their capital.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the various geopolitical conflicts that overshadow this region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Middle East

37) From 1949 until 1967, West Jerusalem was controlled by _____________.

a) the West Bank

b) Palestine

c) Lebanon

d) Israel

e) the United Nations

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Discuss the various geopolitical conflicts that overshadow this region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Middle East

38) According to Figure 7-13, the city of Baghdad lies within a zone dominated by a _____________ population.

A thematic map shows the Middle East region, comprised of nations extending north from of the Sinai Peninsula in Egypt along the Mediterranean Sea coast to the southern border of Turkey, and east to the Zagros Mountains and Iran’s western border. From south to north along the Mediterranean coast are found Israel, Lebanon, and Syria, with the Palestinian territories of Gaza, the West Bank, and the Golan Heights highlighted. East of Israel is Jordan, and bordering Syria and Jordan to the east is Iraq. The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, with their headwaters in Turkey, flow southeasterly through Iraq to empty in the Persian Gulf at the Shatt al Arab. Before entering Syria, the Euphrates is transected by the Ataturk Dam in southern Turkey. Iraq between the two rivers is labeled Mesopotamia. Roads, railroads, and oil pipelines cross the region, with pipelines from the Gulf area crossing Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and Syria terminals in Lebanon, and pipelines from southern and northern Iraq crossing Syria to Mediterranean terminals, and crossing Turkey to Ceyhan on the Mediterranean. The vast majority of oil reserves are located in the Persian Gulf area (both on land and offshore) and in northern Iraq, near Kirkuk, Irbil, and Mosul. Some lesser reserves are found in western Syria and southern Turkey. Striping and crosshatching indicate the broad outlines of territories with Shi’ite majority, Sunni majority, Kurdish majority, and Shi’ite-Sunni plurality. Eastern Turkey, northern Iraq, northwest Iran, and pockets in northern Syria are marked as Kurdish majority areas. South of the Kurdish areas and north and east of Baghdad are Sunni-majority areas. East of the Euphrates from Baghdad south to Basra and the Shatt al Arab is marked as Shi’ite majority. Southwestern Iraq is marked as Shi’ite-Sunni plurality.

a) predominantly Shi'ite

b) predominantly Sunni

c) predominantly Kurdish

d) mixed Sunni/Shi'ite populations

e) jihadist ISIS

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the various geopolitical conflicts that overshadow this region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: The Middle East

39) As Figure 7-13 shows, Damascus is the capital of __________.

A thematic map shows the Middle East region, comprised of nations extending north from of the Sinai Peninsula in Egypt along the Mediterranean Sea coast to the southern border of Turkey, and east to the Zagros Mountains and Iran’s western border. From south to north along the Mediterranean coast are found Israel, Lebanon, and Syria, with the Palestinian territories of Gaza, the West Bank, and the Golan Heights highlighted. East of Israel is Jordan, and bordering Syria and Jordan to the east is Iraq. The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, with their headwaters in Turkey, flow southeasterly through Iraq to empty in the Persian Gulf at the Shatt al Arab. Before entering Syria, the Euphrates is transected by the Ataturk Dam in southern Turkey. Iraq between the two rivers is labeled Mesopotamia. Roads, railroads, and oil pipelines cross the region, with pipelines from the Gulf area crossing Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and Syria terminals in Lebanon, and pipelines from southern and northern Iraq crossing Syria to Mediterranean terminals, and crossing Turkey to Ceyhan on the Mediterranean. The vast majority of oil reserves are located in the Persian Gulf area (both on land and offshore) and in northern Iraq, near Kirkuk, Irbil, and Mosul. Some lesser reserves are found in western Syria and southern Turkey. Striping and crosshatching indicate the broad outlines of territories with Shi’ite majority, Sunni majority, Kurdish majority, and Shi’ite-Sunni plurality. Eastern Turkey, northern Iraq, northwest Iran, and pockets in northern Syria are marked as Kurdish majority areas. South of the Kurdish areas and north and east of Baghdad are Sunni-majority areas. East of the Euphrates from Baghdad south to Basra and the Shatt al Arab is marked as Shi’ite majority. Southwestern Iraq is marked as Shi’ite-Sunni plurality.

a) Turkey

b) Syria

c) Lebanon

d) the Golan Heights

e) Iran

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the various geopolitical conflicts that overshadow this region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: The Middle East

40) In Saudi Arabia, _____________________.

a) petroleum reserves are concentrated along the Red Sea coast

b) the east has boomed while the west has lagged behind

c) the Rub al Khali lies in the national core area

d) its declining population now barely exceeds 10 million

e) Shi'ites outnumber Sunni Muslims

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Outline the main geographic features of this region and the differences among the various countries; the dominance of Saudi Arabia; efforts of Gulf States to overcome their dependence on oil; the conflict in Yemen.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Arabian Peninsula

41) Which of the following countries is not located on the Arabian Peninsula?

a) Syria

b) Kuwait

c) Oman

d) Qatar

e) Bahrain

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Outline the main geographic features of this region and the differences among the various countries; the dominance of Saudi Arabia; efforts of Gulf States to overcome their dependence on oil; the conflict in Yemen.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Arabian Peninsula

42) The Rub al Khali (Empty Quarter) lies near the border between Saudi Arabia and ______________.

a) Israel

b) Iraq

c) Yemen

d) Dubai

e) Kuwait

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Outline the main geographic features of this region and the differences among the various countries; the dominance of Saudi Arabia; efforts of Gulf States to overcome their dependence on oil; the conflict in Yemen.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Arabian Peninsula

43) The country that spends an enormous amount of marketing dollars on promoting its airline on American TV is _______________.

a) Yemen

b) United Arab Emirates

c) Oman

d) Iran

e) Saudi Arabia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Outline the main geographic features of this region and the differences among the various countries; the dominance of Saudi Arabia; efforts of Gulf States to overcome their dependence on oil; the conflict in Yemen.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Arabian Peninsula

44) The choke point known as the ____________ lies between Yemen and Djibouti.

a) Hormuz Strait

b) Shatt-al-Arab

c) Bab el Mandeb Strait

d) Gulf of Suez

e) Strait of Gibraltar

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Outline the main geographic features of this region and the differences among the various countries; the dominance of Saudi Arabia; efforts of Gulf States to overcome their dependence on oil; the conflict in Yemen.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Arabian Peninsula

45) Figure 7-16 shows that these two countries occupy strategic positions on the Hormuz Strait:

A thematic map shows the Arabian Peninsula and the economic cities of Saudi Arabia. The Arabian Peninsula extends south from the border of Jordan and Iraq, and is flanked by the Persian Gulf on the east, the Red Sea on the west, and the Gulf of Adan and the Arabian Sea to the south. The northwestern extent of Saudi Arabia is defined by the An Nafud Desert, while the states of Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Oman, and Yemen line the coast around the southeast quadrant of Saudi Arabia called the Rub al Khali (Empty Quarter). The King Abdullah Economic City lies along the Red Sea coast to the north of Makkah (Mecca); the Knowledge Economic City lies to the west of Al Madinah (Medina); the Prince Abdul Aziz Bin Mousaed Economic City lies near the city Ha'il in the north; and Jazan Economic City surrounds the city Jizan on the southwest coast near the border with Yemen. With the notable exception of the Saudi Arabian capital, Riyadh—the largest city on the Peninsula with a population of over 5,000,000—most of the significant urban population centers of the Peninsula are found on or within 100 miles of a coast. Cities with between 1,000,000 and 5,000,000 residents include Jiddah, Makkah, and Al Madinah in Saudi Arabia; Sana’a in Yemen, and Dubai in the United Arab Emirates. Four-lane roads operate between Bahrain, Riyadh, Buryadah, Makkah, Jiddah, and Al Madinah, and within Kuwait, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates.; a network of major and minor roads links the cities of the coasts and crosses the central region of Saudi Arabia. Numerous large oil and gas fields are present onshore and offshore in the Persian Gulf area, with smaller fields peppering Oman, the Rub al Khali, Yemen, and the United Arab Emirates; a very large oil field is found just east of Al Hofu in northeast Saudi Arabia. Oil and gas pipelines transit most countries in the region, running from resource fields to a nearby coast; a number of major pipelines run from the Saudi Arabian oil fields in the northeast. Several of these pipelines run west past Riyadh to the Red Sea port of Yanbu; one spur runs north to join a pipeline that runs parallel to the Iraq border, toward the Mediterranean. Small areas of Permanent crops and arable lands are scattered across few regions such as Buraydah and Ha'il in northern Saudi Arabia; Salalah on the southern coast of Oman; north of Najran in southwest Saudi Arabia, inland from the western Yemeni coast. Dry farming occupies a much larger proportion of the terrain, and can be found along most of the Yemeni coast, northern Oman, and coast of the United Arab Emirates. None of the dry farming areas extends more than 100 miles inland from the coast; the rest of the peninsula is classified as desert. An inset map of Yemen shows the Hadi government’s presence in the central inland areas and the southwest tip of the country; Al Qaeda is present from Adan to Al Mukalla along the Gulf of Adan coast, and the urban west, including San’a, Ta’izz, and Al Hudaydah are within Houthi controlled areas.

a) Oman and Iran

b) United Arab Emirates and Qatar

c) Saudi Arabia and Iran

d) Djibouti and Yemen

e) Iraq and Kuwait

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Outline the main geographic features of this region and the differences among the various countries; the dominance of Saudi Arabia; efforts of Gulf States to overcome their dependence on oil; the conflict in Yemen.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: The Arabian Peninsula

46) Kemal Atatürk is most closely identified with the city of __________.

a) Constantinople

b) Mecca

c) Istanbul

d) Ankara

e) Baghdad

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Outline the general geographies and roles of Turkey and Iran in the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Empire States

47) Iran differs from most of the North Africa/Southwest Asian realm in that it ____________.

a) is non-Islamic

b) borders Russia

c) is predominantly Shi'ite

d) is ruled by a monarchy

e) has no oil deposits

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Outline the general geographies and roles of Turkey and Iran in the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Empire States

48) The capital of Iran, located in the foothills of the Elburz Mountains, is ______________.

a) Khameini City

b) Tehran

c) Ahmadinejad

d) Persepolis

e) Baghdad

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Outline the general geographies and roles of Turkey and Iran in the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Empire States

49) Which of the following is not located within the Maghreb region?

a) the Atlas Mountains

b) Casablanca

c) the southern shore of the Strait of Gibraltar

d) the Anatolian Plateau

e) the area known as the Tell

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the general geography of the Maghreb; the impact of the Arab Spring in Tunisia and Algeria; the disintegration of Libya.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Maghreb and Its Neighbors

50) The western North African countries of Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco are collectively called the ______________.

a) Maghreb

b) African Transition Zone

c) Nearest East

d) Tell

e) Levant

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the general geography of the Maghreb; the impact of the Arab Spring in Tunisia and Algeria; the disintegration of Libya.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Maghreb and Its Neighbors

51) The leading mountain range of North Africa is the ______________.

a) Saharan Uplands

b) Atlas Mountains

c) Libyan Alps

d) Anatolian Plateau

e) Golan Heights

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the general geography of the Maghreb; the impact of the Arab Spring in Tunisia and Algeria; the disintegration of Libya.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Maghreb and Its Neighbors

52) Spain has close land borders with this country.

a) Egypt

b) Tunisia

c) Portugal

d) Morocco

e) Algeria

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the general geography of the Maghreb; the impact of the Arab Spring in Tunisia and Algeria; the disintegration of Libya.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Maghreb and Its Neighbors

53) This country formerly ruled Algeria.

a) Portugal

b) Spain

c) France

d) Britain

e) Russia

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Outline the fundamental political geographies of the realm; the absence of democratic traditions; the Arab Spring and its outcomes.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Pervasive Political Geographies

54) This country is the smallest and most Westernized in the Maghreb.

a) Western Sahara

b) Israel

c) Tunisia

d) Morocco

e) Libya

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the general geography of the Maghreb; the impact of the Arab Spring in Tunisia and Algeria; the disintegration of Libya.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Maghreb and Its Neighbors

55) This country, located on the southern margin of the Sahara and the home of Timbuktu, has experienced much strife since 2012.

a) Tunisia

b) Mali

c) Sudan

d) Libya

e) Nigeria

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Discuss the general geography of the Maghreb; the impact of the Arab Spring in Tunisia and Algeria; the disintegration of Libya.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Maghreb and Its Neighbors

56) Which of the following is located in the African Transition Zone?

a) tropical rainforests

b) the Kalahari Desert

c) the Islamic Front

d) the Zambezi Basin

e) Madagascar

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the location of this region and explain its nature as a transition zone and why it is prone to conflict; identify the countries in this region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The African Transition Zone

57) Which of the following countries is NOT located in The African Transition Zone?

a) Mauritania

b) Mali

c) Niger

d) Somalia

e) Tanzania

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the location of this region and explain its nature as a transition zone and why it is prone to conflict; identify the countries in this region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The African Transition Zone

58) Most countries in the African Transition Zone have a ____ population in the north and a _____ population in the south.

a) relatively large/sparse

b) Muslim/Christian-animist

c) non-Muslim/Muslim

d) African/Saharan

e) sedentary/nomadic

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the location of this region and explain its nature as a transition zone and why it is prone to conflict; identify the countries in this region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The African Transition Zone

Question Type: True-False

59) Many Arabs are Christians.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the ancient civilizations in this realm, in Mesopotamia and Egypt, along with the geographic conditions for their emergence.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Ancient Hearths of Cultures

60) Ethnically speaking, Turks are not Arabs.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the ancient civilizations in this realm, in Mesopotamia and Egypt, along with the geographic conditions for their emergence.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Ancient Hearths of Cultures

61) The “land between the rivers,” the name of the Mesopotamian culture hearth, refers to the arable crescent lying between the Nile and Tigris Rivers.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the ancient civilizations in this realm, in Mesopotamia and Egypt, along with the geographic conditions for their emergence.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Ancient Hearths of Cultures

62) The Nile Valley was an integral component of the Fertile Crescent, anchoring its eastern end.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the ancient civilizations in this realm, in Mesopotamia and Egypt, along with the geographic conditions for their emergence.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Ancient Hearths of Cultures

63) Islam was founded before Judaism and Christianity.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the ancient civilizations in this realm, in Mesopotamia and Egypt, along with the geographic conditions for their emergence.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Ancient Hearths of Cultures

64) The majority of Iraq’s Muslims are Shi’ites.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the advent and diffusion of Islam in this realm; the split between Sunni and Shi’ite sects; and the importance of the Ottoman empire.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section reference: Stage for Islam

65) At one time, the Ottoman Empire controlled large parts of southeastern Europe.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the advent and diffusion of Islam in this realm; the split between Sunni and Shi’ite sects; and the importance of the Ottoman empire.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Stage for Islam

66) The spread of Islam provides an example of expansion diffusion.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the advent and diffusion of Islam in this realm; the split between Sunni and Shi’ite sects; and the importance of the Ottoman empire.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Stage for Islam

67) In the process of relocation diffusion, whatever is being diffused enters an area when adopting individuals move and carry innovations with them.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the advent and diffusion of Islam in this realm; the split between Sunni and Shi’ite sects; and the importance of the Ottoman empire.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Stage for Islam

68) Today, around 90 percent of all Muslims are Sunnis.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the advent and diffusion of Islam in this realm; the split between Sunni and Shi’ite sects; and the importance of the Ottoman empire.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Stage for Islam

69) Iran today is the most important Shi'ite state.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the advent and diffusion of Islam in this realm; the split between Sunni and Shi’ite sects; and the importance of the Ottoman empire.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Stage for Islam

70) In the United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi and Dubai have attracted many workers from beyond the realm’s borders.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Outline the impact of oil on this realm and on its internal development and involvement of foreign powers; regional inequalities and the rise of the Gulf States; the growing importance of water resources.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Economic Geography

71) Most of Iran’s 20 million workers are employed in energy production.

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Outline the impact of oil on this realm and on its internal development and involvement of foreign powers; regional inequalities and the rise of the Gulf States; the growing importance of water resources.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Economic Geography

72) Libya is an oil-poor country.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Outline the impact of oil on this realm and on its internal development and involvement of foreign powers; regional inequalities and the rise of the Gulf States; the growing importance of water resources.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Economic Geography

73) The wealth from oil income has been distributed evenly among the different subregions of the Middle East.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Outline the impact of oil on this realm and on its internal development and involvement of foreign powers; regional inequalities and the rise of the Gulf States; the growing importance of water resources.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Economic Geography

74) The Blue Nile and the White Nile converge to form the main Nile at Cairo.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the centrality of this region to the realm at large, the importance of the Nile, and the internal challenges of Egypt and Sudan.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Egypt and the Lower Nile Basin

75) Nearly 95 percent of Egypt's population lives within 20 kilometers (12 miles) of the Nile River.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the centrality of this region to the realm at large, the importance of the Nile, and the internal challenges of Egypt and Sudan.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Egypt and the Lower Nile Basin

76) Egypt's Aswan High Dam was built to hold back the waters of the Nile Delta.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the centrality of this region to the realm at large, the importance of the Nile, and the internal challenges of Egypt and Sudan.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Egypt and the Lower Nile Basin

77) As Figure 7-12 shows, the Darfur region is now contained within the new country of Southern Sudan.

A thematic map shows the political borders, urban population centers, resources, and transportation networks of Egypt and Sudan. Flanked by the Red Sea on the east and the Mediterranean Sea on the north, Egypt and Sudan are the northeastern most countries of North Africa-Southwest Asia, and distinguished by the route of the Nile River through the region. Egypt is divided into 6 major sub-regions featuring the Nile Delta in Lower Egypt from Cairo north to Alexandria, Middle Egypt from Cairo south to Asyut along the Nile, Upper Egypt from Asyut south to Lake Nasser along the Nile, the sparsely-populated Western Desert, the Eastern Desert, and the Sinai in the northeast. Major agricultural areas are confined to the immediate environs of the Nile River. There is an arc of oases along the proposed route of the New Delta Canal running from the Farfara Oasis in the Western Desert south and southeast to the Kharga Oasis and nearly to Lake Nasser in the south. Egypt has minor oil fields both southwest of Alexandria and in and offshore of the Sinai Peninsula, and gas fields off its eastern Mediterranean coast. Pipelines run from to Alexandria from the nearby oilfields, and to Suez and Cairo from the Red Sea coast. Road and rail networks in Egypt largely are found near the Nile and the densest population concentrations. Sudan is situated to the south of Egypt and is subdivided into more than a dozen sub-regions. The White Nile from South Sudan, and the Blue Nile from Ethiopia to the southeast, converge into the Nile proper at Khartoum, the capital of Sudan. As in Egypt, Sudan’s major agricultural regions are largely confined to the vicinity of the Nile, though there are wider areas under cultivation in the southeast. The westernmost provinces of Sudan are Northern Darfur, Southern Darfur, and Western Darfur, and here are depicted in a different shade than the rest of Sudan. Small oil fields are present in in the far south of Sudan, near the border with South Sudan, and a pipeline runs from these fields, through El Obeid and Khartoum in central Sudan, and on northeast to Port Sudan on the Red Sea. In northern Sudan, rail and road networks largely follow along the Nile, but fan out in southern Sudan. In the region, Cairo exceeds 5 million residents, while Alexandria, Egypt and El Obeid, Sudan each have between 1 and 5 million residents. All other cities indicated are smaller, and are exclusively sited along the Nile or Suez Canal in Egypt, and aside from Port Sudan, south of Khartoum in Sudan.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the centrality of this region to the realm at large, the importance of the Nile, and the internal challenges of Egypt and Sudan.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: Egypt and the Lower Nile Basin

78) Israel captured the West Bank of the Jordan River in the 1967 war.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the various geopolitical conflicts that overshadow this region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section reference: The Middle East

79) Saudi Arabia, the largest country on the Arabian Peninsula, contains less than 30 million people.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Outline the main geographic features of this region and the differences among the various countries; the dominance of Saudi Arabia; efforts of Gulf States to overcome their dependence on oil; the conflict in Yemen.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Arabian Peninsula

80) The Bab el Mandeb Strait is a choke point at the outlet of the Persian Gulf.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Outline the main geographic features of this region and the differences among the various countries; the dominance of Saudi Arabia; efforts of Gulf States to overcome their dependence on oil; the conflict in Yemen.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Arabian Peninsula

81) Iraq and Iran share a common border, with Shi’ites on both sides of it.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the various geopolitical conflicts that overshadow this region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Middle East

82) Sunnis outnumber Shi'ites in Iraq.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the various geopolitical conflicts that overshadow this region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Middle East

83) The Golan Heights, Baghdad, and the upper Euphrates Valley are all located in Syria.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the various geopolitical conflicts that overshadow this region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Middle East

84) Jordan lost its West Bank in the 1967 war with Israel.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the various geopolitical conflicts that overshadow this region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Middle East

85) Syria has not played a role in the problems that plague Lebanon.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the various geopolitical conflicts that overshadow this region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Middle East

86) The Ottoman Empire dissolved after World War I.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Outline the general geographies and roles of Turkey and Iran in the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Empire States

87) Turkey is a secular state; it has no official religion.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Outline the general geographies and roles of Turkey and Iran in the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section reference: The Empire States

88) Kurdistan is an example of a stateless nation.

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Outline the general geographies and roles of Turkey and Iran in the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Empire States

89) The Turks are an Arabic people whose origins lie in the Syria–Egypt border area.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Outline the general geographies and roles of Turkey and Iran in the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Empire States

90) Kemal Atatürk was chiefly responsible for moving Turkey's capital from the interior Anatolian Plateau to the southern Mediterranean coast.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Outline the general geographies and roles of Turkey and Iran in the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Empire States

91) The ancient name of Iran was Persia.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Outline the general geographies and roles of Turkey and Iran in the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Empire States

92) The ancient capital of Turkey was Ankara.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Outline the general geographies and roles of Turkey and Iran in the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Empire States

93) According to Figure 7-17, Turkey's Kurdish population is heavily concentrated in the oil-rich southeastern part of the country.

A thematic map shows the country of Turkey, its internal provincial borders, an its major cities. A rugged plateau connecting Asia and Europe, Turkey is flanked by the Mediterranean Sea on the south, the Aegean Sea on the west, and the Black Sea on the north. The Anatolian Plateau spreads out in length and breadth from Balikesir on the Aegean Sea coast on the west to the eastern border with Georgia, Armendia, Azerbaijan, and Iran; from Samsun and Ordu on the Black Sea coast to Adana and Iskenderun in the south. The capital, Ankara, is located in the east-central third of the country, and has a population between 1,000,000 and 5,000,000; Istanbul, located in the extreme northwest, has a population of over 10,000,000. Bursa, Izmir, Adana, and Gaziantep have between 1,000,000 and 5,000,000 residents; the rest of Turkey’s various cities are spread mostly around the country’s perimeter and are no larger than 1,000,000 residents. The southeastern quadrant of Turkey, and neighboring regions of Syria, Iraq, and Iran are Kurdish-majority areas. Syrian refugee camps are clustered in the southern provinces that border Syria. Oilfields can be found in the southeastern quadrant of Turkey, around Diyarbakir and Batman. The map also indicates 2015 Parliamentary Election vote trends, by province. The Republican People’s Party (C H P) had the most votes primarily in western coastal provinces, as well as inland around the city of Eskisehir. The People’s Democratic Party (H D P) had the most votes in the east and southeast, around the cities of Van, Batman, and Diyarbakir. The Justice & Development party (A K P) had the most votes in the rest of the country, including around the largest cities—Istanbul, Ankara, Adana, and Gaziantep.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Outline the general geographies and roles of Turkey and Iran in the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: The Empire States

94) Libya is one of the three countries that constitute the Maghreb region.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the general geography of the Maghreb; the impact of the Arab Spring in Tunisia and Algeria; the disintegration of Libya.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Maghreb and Its Neighbors

95) The Tell includes the slopes of the Atlas Mountains and the narrow coastal plain to its north.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the general geography of the Maghreb; the impact of the Arab Spring in Tunisia and Algeria; the disintegration of Libya.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Maghreb and Its Neighbors

96) The Gulf of Sidra is located adjacent to Libya.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the general geography of the Maghreb; the impact of the Arab Spring in Tunisia and Algeria; the disintegration of Libya.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Maghreb and Its Neighbors

97) The Islamic Front is most correctly located within the African Transition Zone.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the location of this region and explain its nature as a transition zone and why it is prone to conflict; identify the countries in this region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The African Transition Zone

98) The Islamic Front is located on the northern fringes of the Sahara.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe the location of this region and explain its nature as a transition zone and why it is prone to conflict; identify the countries in this region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The African Transition Zone

Question Type: Fill-in

99) The land between the lower Tigris and Euphrates rivers comprises the world culture hearth known as ___.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the ancient civilizations in this realm, in Mesopotamia and Egypt, along with the geographic conditions for their emergence.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Ancient Hearths of Cultures

100) The religion that is most widely observed in the NASWA realm is ___.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss different names for this realm, key geographic features, and population distribution.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Defining the Realm

101) Islam's holiest city, to which a Muslim must make at least one pilgrimage, is ___.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe the advent and diffusion of Islam in this realm; the split between Sunni and Shi’ite sects; and the importance of the Ottoman empire.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Stage for Islam

102) The “choke point” of the southern Persian Gulf is the Strait of _________.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Outline the impact of oil on this realm and on its internal development and involvement of foreign powers; regional inequalities and the rise of the Gulf States; the growing importance of water resources.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Economic Geography

103) The OPEC cartel is concerned with setting the policies and prices for the sale of ___.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Outline the impact of oil on this realm and on its internal development and involvement of foreign powers; regional inequalities and the rise of the Gulf States; the growing importance of water resources.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Economic Geography

104) The Tigris-Euphrates lowland, an ancient cultural hearth, is located within the modern-day country of ___.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the ancient civilizations in this realm, in Mesopotamia and Egypt, along with the geographic conditions for their emergence.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Ancient Hearths of Cultures

105) The country located to the north of Israel, which in recent years has experienced catastrophic war and much destruction in its historic capital of Beirut, is ___.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the various geopolitical conflicts that overshadow this region.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Middle East

106) ____________ is the current capital of Turkey.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Outline the general geographies and roles of Turkey and Iran in the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Empire States

107) The Muslim sect that dominates life in Iran today is the ___.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Outline the general geographies and roles of Turkey and Iran in the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Empire States

108) Turkey and Greece bitterly contest the control of the large eastern Mediterranean island of ___, part of which entered the European Union in 2004.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Outline the general geographies and roles of Turkey and Iran in the realm.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Empire States

109) The western North African countries of Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco constitute the region known as ___.

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Discuss the general geography of the Maghreb; the impact of the Arab Spring in Tunisia and Algeria; the disintegration of Libya.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Maghreb and Its Neighbors

110) What resource was a priority for Western powers when dealing with autocratic regimes?

a) natural gas

b) the ocean

c) oil

d) fighter bombers

e) fish

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Outline the fundamental political geographies of the realm; the absence of democratic traditions; the Arab Spring and its outcomes.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Pervasive Political Geographies

111) The events of the Arab Spring started in this year.

a) 1999

b) 2004

c) 2010

d) 2012

e) 2016

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Outline the fundamental political geographies of the realm; the absence of democratic traditions; the Arab Spring and its outcomes.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Pervasive Political Geographies

112) Review Figure 7-19. The Arab Spring originated in this Maghreb country.

A thematic map shows the Maghreb and Libya, the North African region encompassing Western Sahara, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya. The Maghreb region is bounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Atlantic to the west, the Sahara Desert to the south, and bordered by Egypt to the east. Prominent topographical features are marked, such as the Atlas Mountains spanning Morocco and northwest Algeria, the Ahaggar Mountains in southern Algeria, and the Libyan Desert. The Maghreb coast is defined by a string of populous cities such as Rabat and Casablanca in Morocco; Algiers, Tunis, and Tripoli and Benghazi in Libya, each with 1,000,000 to 5,000,000 residents. A number of smaller cities are strung along the coast, but the only cities of note any distance inland are Tamanrasset in southern Algeria and Bechar in northwest Algeria; each with a population between 50,000 and 250,000. A region extending north across the Sahara that includes eastern Mali, western Niger, southern Algeria, and western Libya demarcates the limit of the Tuareg minority. Western Sahara, Morocco, and Tunisia have Phosphorous deposits, while Libya has Iron and Manganese deposits. Libya has a number of oil fields interconnected by pipelines in the Gulf of Sidra region and the northeast, while Algeria has deposits in its east and northeast near its borders with Tunisia and Libya; these fields are connected to terminals on the coast as far away as Oran in the northwest. Roads and railroads are primarily near the coast, though some roads reach south into the Sahara from Algeria and Libya. An inset map shows areas of control in Libya in 2019. The UN-backed government controls most of the northwest except Tripoli and the far northwest corner of the country. Tripoli and this northwest corner, as well as the majorkity of the rest of the country, including the entire east, is controlled by the Libyan National Army (Haftar). The western border with Algeria is controlled by the Tuareg/Toubou.

a) Tunisia

b) Lebanon

c) Saudi Arabia

d) Yemen

e) Morocco

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Outline the fundamental political geographies of the realm; the absence of democratic traditions; the Arab Spring and its outcomes.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: Pervasive Political Geographies

113) Review figure 7-1. Muammar Qadhafi was killed during the Arab Spring in this country.

A map shows the political borders and physiography of North Africa and Southwest Asia. Northern Africa’s Mauritania, Western Sahara, and Morocco are flanked by the Atlantic Ocean to the west. Egypt, Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Somalia form the eastern bounds, flanked by the Red Sea. Tunisia, Algeria, Libya, and Egypt line the Mediterranean coast on the north while Mali, Niger, Chad, and the southern regions of Sudan bound the south. The high-relief of the Atlas Mountains in the northwest, and the Ethiopian Highlands in the southeast, contrasts with the broad plains and plateaus surrounding Mali and Niger in the west, Lake Chad in the center, and the Nile and Lake Nasser in the east. The Sahara and its various sub-regions dominates the breadth of North Africa from west to east. The Sinai Peninsula, in the north-easternmost arm of Egypt, marks the transition of this landmass to Southwest Asia. The western extent of this major region is defined by the Mediterranean coastlines of Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria and Turkey on the north, whereas the eastern extent is defined by Iran, which is bounded on the north by the Caspian Sea and the Central Asian republics. Iraq, watered by the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, borders Iran on the west of the Zagros Mountains, and its relatively flat and low terrain blends into the Arabian Peninsula constituted by Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, Yemen, Oman, and Bahrain. The Arabian Peninsula’s western coastline is defined by the Hejaz Mountains, which grow progressively higher and more rugged approaching Yemen and the southwest coast. The Arabian Peninsula is dominated by the An Nafud Desert on the north and the Rub Al Khali (Empty Quarter) on the south.

a) Saudi Arabia

b) Iran

c) United Arab Emirates

d) Iraq

e) Libya

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Outline the fundamental political geographies of the realm; the absence of democratic traditions; the Arab Spring and its outcomes.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: Pervasive Political Geographies

114) Review Figure 7-9. What two countries had the most land overtaken by ISIS?

A thematic map shows territorial control in Syria and Iraq between 2015 and 2019. Iraq’s territory is mostly controlled by the Iraqi government, except an arc in the north extending from Samarra and Tikrit north to Mosul, and then west through Tel Afar and into Syria. This area, as well as ribbons of control extending from Ramadi due west to southern Syria and northwest to western Syria, were among areas controlled by ISIS during the maximum extent of its territory in January 2015. Kurdish forces control the areas north of the ISIS-held territory, along the border with Iran and Turkey. Syria is depicted as a more complicated patchwork of territorial control, with pockets of territory controlled by Syrian opposition forces, Syrian government, and Kurdish forces, as well as Unoccupied remote areas. The general pattern is Kurdish control in the extreme northeast and northwest, along the border with Turkey; Syrian opposition forces holding pockets surrounding Dar’a in the south, northeast of Damascus, and inland from the northwest coast around the city of Idlib; Syrian government control of the western areas from As Suwayda in the south, through Damascus, north through Homs and Hamah, extending along the Mediterranean coast through Tartus and Latakia, and inland north to Aleppo—as well as control of narrow bands following highways between cities and east to Tadmur (Palmyra); I S I S control mostly in the northeast from the Iraqi border to the Turkish border, along with a pocket east of Hamah and Homs. Most of central and southeastern Syria is designated Unoccupied remote areas. The map also indicates with graduated circles the number of Syrian refugees in neighboring countries. Turkey hosts 3,600,000 refugees, Lebanon 950,000, Jordan 670,000, and Iraq has 250,000 Syrian refugees.

a) Iraq and Iran

b) Iran and Saudi Arabia

c) Lebanon and Jordan

d) Syria and Iran

e) Syria and Iraq

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the prevalence of secular autocratic rule and religious revivalism; the emergence of terrorist organizations and especially the role of ISIS.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: Politics and Religion

115) What do Islamic religious revivalists seek?

a) Political parties that promote individual expression

b) Religious pastors who promote the rights of women

c) A return to the fundamentals of their faith

d) Cross cultural tolerance and awareness

e) Partnerships with the West

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the prevalence of secular autocratic rule and religious revivalism; the emergence of terrorist organizations and especially the role of ISIS.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Comprehension

Section Reference: Politics and Religion

116) This is not a common belief among Islamic fundamentalists.

a) All of the choices are correct.

b) Blasphemous books should be banded.

c) Schools should be segregated.

d) Traditional dress codes should be enforced.

e) Religious-based political parties should be promoted.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the prevalence of secular autocratic rule and religious revivalism; the emergence of terrorist organizations and especially the role of ISIS.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Comprehension

Section Reference: Politics and Religion

117) Where has al-Qaeda carried out terrorist attacks?

a) Kenya

b) United States

c) Indonesia

d) Afghanistan

e) All of the choices are correct.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the prevalence of secular autocratic rule and religious revivalism; the emergence of terrorist organizations and especially the role of ISIS.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Politics and Religion

118) What military power controlled large swaths of territory in Iraq and Syria in 2015?

a) Russia

b) UN peace keeping force

c) United States

d) ISIS

e) al-Qaeda

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the prevalence of secular autocratic rule and religious revivalism; the emergence of terrorist organizations and especially the role of ISIS.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Politics and Religion

119) What caused nearly one-quarter of all Syrians to leave their country in the 2010s?

a) al-Qaeda forces

b) Syrian government forces

c) Russian forces

d) ISIS forces

e) All of the answers are correct.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the prevalence of secular autocratic rule and religious revivalism; the emergence of terrorist organizations and especially the role of ISIS.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Politics and Religion

120) What region has seen the most expansion of ISIS-inspired terrorists since the late 2010s?

a) Egypt and the Lower Nile Basin

b) The Arabian Peninsula

c) The African Transition Zone

d) The Empire States

e) The Maghreb and Its Neighbors

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the prevalence of secular autocratic rule and religious revivalism; the emergence of terrorist organizations and especially the role of ISIS.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: Politics and Religion

121) What has contributed to the refugee problem in NASWA?

a) wars

b) poverty

c) political instability

d) ISIS

e) All of the choices are correct.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the prevalence of secular autocratic rule and religious revivalism; the emergence of terrorist organizations and especially. the role of ISIS.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Refugee Problem

122) Where do Syrian refugees make up approximately one out of every six inhabitants?

a) Israel

b) Iran

c) Iraq

d) Lebanon

e) Germany

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the prevalence of secular autocratic rule and religious revivalism; the emergence of terrorist organizations and especially. the role of ISIS.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Refugee Problem

123) About how many illegal border-crossings into Europe from NASWA occurred in 2015?

a) 400,000

b) 700,000

c) 1,000,000

d) 2,000,000

e) 6,000,000

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the prevalence of secular autocratic rule and religious revivalism; the emergence of terrorist organizations and especially. the role of ISIS.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Refugee Problem

124) What caused tens of thousands of refugees to die in the 2010s in NASWA?

a) drowning

b) gun shots

c) chemical weapons

d) bombings

e) All of the choices are correct

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the prevalence of secular autocratic rule and religious revivalism; the emergence of terrorist organizations and especially. the role of ISIS.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Refugee Problem

125) Review Figure 7-1. Which country was not considered a failed state at the end of the 2010s?

A map shows the political borders and physiography of North Africa and Southwest Asia. Northern Africa’s Mauritania, Western Sahara, and Morocco are flanked by the Atlantic Ocean to the west. Egypt, Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Somalia form the eastern bounds, flanked by the Red Sea. Tunisia, Algeria, Libya, and Egypt line the Mediterranean coast on the north while Mali, Niger, Chad, and the southern regions of Sudan bound the south. The high-relief of the Atlas Mountains in the northwest, and the Ethiopian Highlands in the southeast, contrasts with the broad plains and plateaus surrounding Mali and Niger in the west, Lake Chad in the center, and the Nile and Lake Nasser in the east. The Sahara and its various sub-regions dominates the breadth of North Africa from west to east. The Sinai Peninsula, in the north-easternmost arm of Egypt, marks the transition of this landmass to Southwest Asia. The western extent of this major region is defined by the Mediterranean coastlines of Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria and Turkey on the north, whereas the eastern extent is defined by Iran, which is bounded on the north by the Caspian Sea and the Central Asian republics. Iraq, watered by the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, borders Iran on the west of the Zagros Mountains, and its relatively flat and low terrain blends into the Arabian Peninsula constituted by Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, Yemen, Oman, and Bahrain. The Arabian Peninsula’s western coastline is defined by the Hejaz Mountains, which grow progressively higher and more rugged approaching Yemen and the southwest coast. The Arabian Peninsula is dominated by the An Nafud Desert on the north and the Rub Al Khali (Empty Quarter) on the south.

a) Syria

b) Yemen

c) Mali

d) Tunisia

e) Lybia

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the prevalence of secular autocratic rule and religious revivalism; the emergence of terrorist organizations and especially. the role of ISIS.

Standard 1: Bloom's || Application

Section Reference: The Refugee Problem

126) This century saw the Ottoman Empire push its way into southeastern Europe?

a) 9th

b) 11th

c) 12th

d) 14th

e) 15th

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the importance of the Ottoman Empire in the political geography of the realm in past centuries

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Ottoman Empire and Its Aftermath

127) This century saw Suleyman the Magnificent preside over the most powerful state in Western Eurasia?

a) 10th

b) 12th

c) 13th

d) 15th

e) 16th

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the importance of the Ottoman Empire in the political geography of the realm in past centuries

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Ottoman Empire and Its Aftermath

128) Which country does not represent part of the Ottoman Empire broken up by European powers after WWI?

a) Egypt

b) Iraq

c) Syria

d) Lebanon

e) Yemen

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the importance of the Ottoman Empire in the political geography of the realm in past centuries

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Ottoman Empire and Its Aftermath

129) This is a leading cause of why the Kurds and Palestinians are stateless nations.

a) They have too few numbers to establish an effective government.

b) They were not assigned any territory by European Powers at the end of WWI, subsequent to the fall of the Ottoman Empire.

c) They are comprised of nomadic cultures, which isn’t conducive to central government.

d) The United Nations general assembly does not recognize them as identifiable people groups.

e) None of the choices are correct.

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Discuss the importance of the Ottoman Empire in the political geography of the realm in past centuries

Standard 1: Bloom's || Knowledge

Section Reference: The Ottoman Empire and Its Aftermath

Document Information

Document Type:
DOCX
Chapter Number:
7
Created Date:
Aug 21, 2025
Chapter Name:
Chapter 7 The North African/southwest Asian Realm
Author:
Jan Nijman

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