Test Bank Docx 11th Edition Ch.14 Developing Countries - Urban World 11e | Practice Test Bank Palen by J. John Palen. DOCX document preview.
Multiple Choice:
1. According to the World Bank urban shantytowns are doubling in size __________ double their populations.
a. every 25 years.
b. every 20 to 25 years.
c. every 10 to 12 years.
d. every 5 to 7 years.
2. According to the text of the world’s 20 largest megacities how many are in the more-developed world?
a. 18
b. 15
c. 10
d. 5
3. Some __________ percent of the world's population increase each year occurs in the cities of less-developed countries.
a. 27
b. 40
c. 75
d. 90
4. According to the World Bank what proportion of the world’s urban population lives in poverty?
a. just under 65 percent
b. about 75 percent
c. about 85 percent
d. about 25 percent
5. Which of the following approaches argues that LDC countries roughly will follow the western model of urban development?
a. the ecology-modernization approach
b. the world-systems perspective
c. the primate city approach
d. over-urbanization theory
6. Industrialization in LDCs commonly __________.
a. hinders urbanization
b. trails behind urbanization
c. follows the pattern observed for North America in the 19th century
d. has not occurred at all
7. The ten largest cities in the world included which of the following?
a. Chicago-N.W. Indiana
b. New York-N.E. New Jersey
c. London
d. Moscow
8. Currently the world's largest city is__________.
a. Mumbai (Greater Bombay)
b. Calcutta
c. Seoul
d. Tokyo
9. Of the following, the only city without a rapid growth rate is __________.
a. Calcutta
b. Sao Paulo
c. Seoul
d. Tokyo
10. The largest percentage of LDC growth comes from __________.
a. out-migration
b. over-urbanization
c. natural increase
d. national migration
11. The text suggests that the term “developing country” is often a euphemism for ____________.
a. growing economy
b. stagnant economy
c. population control
d. poor country
12. Which of the following is a way in which urbanization in LDCs differs from western urbanization?
a. Population growth has been far more rapid in the LDCs.
b. Industrialization spurs urbanization in LDCs but did not during western urbanization.
c. Cities are less healthy than rural areas in LDCs but were not during western urbanization.
d. Growth by natural increase is lower in LDCs than it was during western urbanization.
13. Today, __________.
a. most people in developed countries lived in rural areas.
b. the growth of LDC cities is complete.
c. 90 percent of the world’s urban population growth is in LDC cities.
d. LDCs are experienced slight population declines in their primate cities.
14. The average number of children born per woman in Niger is __________.
a. 1.5
b. 2.4
c. 4.6
d. 7.3
15. After World War II Sri Lanka (Ceylon) achieved a 40 percent decline in death rates in just two years by __________.
a. spraying DDT from airplanes
b. building new hospitals
c. instituting a “get tough” policy against crime
d. building new sewage treatment plants throughout the country
16. The term “developing country” __________.
a. is a polite way of saying poor country
b. means the country has a socialist system
c. refers only to countries in Asia and Africa
d. can only be used with capitalistic nations
17. All of the following are problems faced by LDCs, except __________.
a. funds needed for development must be consumed
b. over one-third of the population is dependent children
c. the percentage of dependent elderly is large and rapidly growing
d. the labor force is growing faster than available jobs
18. Newly industrializing countries (NICs) are __________.
a. often found in Africa
b. experiencing rising birth rates
c. displaying rapid economic development
d. preindustrial economies
19. According to world-systems theory, the underdevelopment of Third-World countries is due to __________.
a. traditionalism
b. internal problems
c. genetic inferiority
d. structural dependency and unequal exchange
20. An example of an NIC is __________.
a. Japan
b. France
c. England
d. Malaysia
21. Data shows that urbanization in LDCs is spurred by __________.
a. over populated rural areas
b. available manufacturing jobs
c. available service jobs
d. demand for unskilled laborers
22. According to the text, second to population growth, the most serious problem facing
developing countries is __________.
a. political stability
b. providing employment
c. agricultural self-sufficiency
d. industrialization
23. According to the United Nations, LDCs have approximately __________ unemployed or underemployed people, today.
a. 250 million
b. 500 million
c. 750 million
d. 1 billion
24. According to the text, which of the following most closely approaches what the average Nike worker in Indonesia makes in a day?
a. $2.50
b. $ 6.00
c. $15.00
d. $25.00
25. According to the text, in which of the following countries would a majority of urban workers be employed in the informal sector of the economy?
a. the United States
b. Singapore
c. Sweden
d. Mexico
26. Squatter settlements __________.
a. have been successfully eliminated by government bulldozing
b. house the oldest residents in the urban area
c. are certain to grow in size and number
d. usually house less than 10 percent of the urban population in LDCs
27. According to the text, decaying central city slums and new squatter settlements often house approximately __________ of the entire urban population in LDC nations.
a. one-eighth
b. one-quarter
c. one-third
d. one-fifth
28. The following is true of LDCs: __________.
a. today there are no cities in LDCs with populations over 5 million
b. the number of persons in urban shanty towns doubles every 5 to 7 years
c. population growth in LDCs is 40 percent of the world's population increase
d. the United Nations projects that there will be 75 cities of over 1 million by the year 2020
29. Most urban workers in LDCs are employed in __________.
a. the formal sector
b. the modem sector
c. the informal sector
d. the industrial sector
30. According to the text, which of the following is most commonly found in squatter settlements?
a. running water
b. police protection
c. fire protection
d. electricity
31. For the very poor living in squatter settlements, __________.
a. demolishing the settlements and relocating them gives them new homes
b. women accept relocation but it is difficult for men to be relocated
c. demolishing the settlements and relocation is usually financially disastrous for the inhabitants
d. the waiting list for relocation is short
32. Squatter settlements or shanty towns are __________.
a. found largely in Africa and Asia but not in Latin America
b. usually built by the government
c. largely without municipal services
d. functional for residents because they provide a place to live that is close to where they work
33. Most primate cities __________.
a. are today mostly export oriented
b. are economic but not administrative centers
c. are parasitic on the countryside
d. strongly resist economic and social change
34. Most primate cities in LDC __________.
a. owe their development to government incentives
b. owe their early development to European colonialism
c. owe their development to rapid economic growth
d. owe their development to low population dependency ratio
35. In primate cities __________.
a. the basic infrastructure is oriented toward national requirements
b. one usually finds the administrative and economic centers
c. orientation is usually toward less-developed countries
d. national decision-making power tends to be located outside the primate city in other, smaller cities
36. Which of the following was, originally, a European colonial base?
a. Singapore
b. Cairo
c. Constantinople
d. Peking
37. According to the text, most LDC cities were founded __________.
a. as a consequence of internal economic development
b. as colonial trade and administrative centers
c. along tribal and ethnic boundaries
d. by plans of local city planners and developers
38. Primate cities __________.
a. are now growing slower than other cities
b. were often consciously created by colonial powers
c. will decline in size in the 21st century
d. are essentially parasites that do little good for the countries in which they are located.
39. Primate cities characteristically __________.
a. send out new satellite cities
b. concentrate government and public functions in one place but not industry
c. began by being primarily export-oriented and administrative centers
d. concentrate industry in one place but not government and public functions
40. High urban densities __________.
a. are a sign of economic underdevelopment
b. can be an advantage
c. are a 20th century phenomenon
d. mean the agricultural sector loses necessary workers
41. In terms of size, primate cities are __________.
a. losing population to rural areas
b. growing but slower than other urban places
c. losing population to regional centers
d. growing faster than other cities
42. The text argues that the rapid growth of cities is associated with __________.
a. increased literacy and economic development
b. a lowering of living standards
c. increased economic dependence
d. higher birth and death rates
43. The text suggests that “over-urbanization” is __________.
a. a serious problem for LDCs
b. harmful to economic growth
c. a loaded term and not very useful
d. also found in western countries
44. A frequently used example of overurbanization is __________.
a. China
b. France
c. Sweden
d. Egypt
45. The following will be the pattern into the next century: __________.
a. cities in the developing world will reach a maximum density, then decline
b. urban infrastructure will achieve adequacy for the population
c. squatter settlements being demolished will become the policy
d. western-style post-industrialization will lag behind population growth
46. The text suggests that in the next decade of the 21st century, __________.
a. squatter settlements will decline significantly
b. city infrastructure in LDCs will become sufficient to support all residents of the city
c. population growth of cities will decline
d. political instability will be a serious problem in LDCs
47. The world’s current percentage urban is ______.
a. 45 percent
b. 55 percent
c. 75 percent
d. 90 percent
48. According to the text, most LDC primate cities are located __________.
a. along the coasts
b. roughly in the center of the country
c. at the source of a major river
d. at the intersection of major inland cross-roads
True-False:
49. In the 21st century, not only is the world be more urban than rural, but most of the growth will be in third world mega-cities.
a. T
b. F
50. According to the text, large cities in LDCs are growing far faster than cities in the developed world.
a. T
b. F
51. Currently the world’s population is growing 100 million a year.
a. T
b. F
52. As of 2017 there were 37 megacities over 10 million.
a. T
b. F
53. According to the World Bank, one quarter of the world’s urban population lives in poverty.
a. T
b. F
54. According to the World Bank, urban shanty towns are doubling in size every two years.
a. T
b. F
55. Large scale urbanization in Europe and North America was a process that spanned the 19th and 20th centuries.
a. T
b. F
56. One of the world’s largest cities, Mexico City, has relatively clean air due to its location deep within the country.
a. T
b. F
57. According to the text, the great majority of the world’s mega cities (with populations over 10 million people) are located in LDCs.
a. T
b. F
58. The world-system perspective sees LDC nations in “core” position as supplier of raw material and labor to the developed capitalist states.
a. T
b. F
59. Contemporary urbanization in LDCs differs from that of North American and European models.
a. T
b. F
60. According to a world systems perspective, LDC countries can be expected to display the western pattern of development.
a. T
b. F
61. According to the text, Mexico City and Sao Paulo are currently two of the very largest cities in the world.
a. T
b. F
62. In LDCs, industrialization spurs on urbanization.
a. T
b. F
63. Cities in LDCs differ from the western model of urban development in that they have high rates of population growth through natural increase as well as through in-migration.
a. T
b. F
64. Poorer LDCs are changing their trading patterns that exploit their natural resources.
a. T
b. F
65. Much of the present population explosion in LDCs can be traced to natural increases.
a. T
b. F
66. The projection is that the world population in 2025 will be 15 billion people.
a. T
b. F
67. Today the worldwide rate of population increase has begun to show declines.
a. T
b. F
68. Following World War II, death rates in LDCs were drastically reduced due to major changes in the social and economic fabric of the society.
a. T
b. F
69. According to the text, the highest total fertility rate is found in Niger where women have an average of 7.3 children.
a. T
b. F
70. Urban conditions in LDCs are so poor that city residents have low expectations for themselves and their children and are not expected to place demands on city officials to make things better.
a. T
b. F
71. Developments in communication technology have exposed the urban underclass to the existence of higher standard of living.
a. T
b. F
72. According to the text, the developing nations of the world contain two-thirds of the world’s people and account for approximately 50 percent of the world’s industrial output.
a. T
b. F
73. According to the text, the terms “modernizing country”, “developing country”, “Third World country”, all mean basically the same thing—“poor country”.
a. T
b. F
74. The developing countries account for half of the food production of the world.
a. T
b. F
75. The difference between developed countries and LDCs is basically economic.
a. T
b. F
76. Less developed countries have slightly less than 20 percent of their population under age fifteen.
a. T
b. F
77. The acronym, “NIC”, stands for “Newly Industrialized Country”.
a. T
b. F
78. Today many of the NICs are found in Africa.
a. T
b. F
79. According to the United Nations, in LDCs, approximately 30 million new workers enter the job market each year.
a. T
b. F
80. “Subsistence urbanization” refers to the labor intensive industrialization formerly found in urbanization.
a. T
b. F
81. “Subsistence urbanization” refers to a condition in LDCs where city residents have only the bare necessities for urban survival.
a. T
b. F
82. In LDC cities, public works projects are almost always designed to benefit those residents who are most needy.
a. T
b. F
83. Much of the economic activity in less developed countries does not take place in the formal sector.
a. T
b. F
84. Shantytowns that are “illegally” occupying the land on which they are built can demand city services.
a. T
b. F
85. Barriedas, favelas, butees, bidonvilles all are names for squatter and peripheral settlements.
a. T
b. F
86. In the shantytowns of LDC cities, running water is the most commonly found utility.
a. T
b. F
87. For the poor, a location near work is much more important than the quality of shelter.
a. T
b. F
88. According to the text, attempts to remove squatter settlements by LDC governments are almost always successful.
a. T
b. F
89. Most primate cities owe their origin and development to European colonialism.
a. T
b. F
90. Primate cities grew in part because of resistance to economic and social change.
a. T
b. F
91. According to the text, today manufacturing, government and services are the primary activities of primate cities.
a. T
b. F
92. According to the text, a “primate city” is defined as the city in an LDC where the national government resides, regardless of its size.
a. T
b. F
93. According to the text, in LDCs, the requirements of the primate city heavily determine the infrastructure of the entire nation.
a. T
b. F
94. According to the text, today the economies of primate cities are primarily export-oriented.
a. T
b. F
95. The rate of growth of large LDC primate cities invariably outpaces that of the country as a whole.
a. T
b. F
96. The text regards the term “over-urbanization” to be an accurate and value-free concept that is very useful in understanding urban trends in LDCs.
a. T
b. F
97. The text concludes that the term, “over-urbanization”, has negative connotations suggesting that over-urbanization is both artificial and harmful to economic growth.
a. T
b. F
98. According to the text, the rapid growth of cities must always be regarded as a negative sign of the social and economic development of an area.
a. T
b. F
99. The text argues that even though life may be harsh in LDC cities, it is almost always better than life in the countryside.
a. T
b. F
100. The text concludes that in the first decades of the 21st century, cities in the developing world have grown at a much slower rate than has been observed in the last 20 years.
a. T
b. F
101. The text concludes that squatter settlements are unavoidable and that LDC governments should legalize them and provide the minimal community services.
a. T
b. F
102. Jakarta is an example of a city that through government planning has ceased to grow.
a. T
b. F
103. The text concludes that in next decades of the 21st century rising expectations, combined with other factors, will make political instability a serious problem in some LDCs.
a. T
b. F
104. The text concludes that in the 21st century industrialization will exceed population growth in LDC, and thus will provide necessary urban jobs.
a. T
b. F
Short Answer ( in addition to those found at the end of the chapter).
105. Compare and contrast urbanization in LDCs with U.S. and European urbanization of a century ago.
106. Describe current population growth in cities of the developing world and discuss its consequences.
107. Discuss the role of squatter settlements in cities of the developing world. What can or should be done about them?
108. What are the arguments for and against primate cities? What is your judgment on the question? Why?
109. Discuss the question of “over-urbanization” and to what extent it is a serious problem in developing countries.
110. Discuss the age structure of LDCs. What effect does this have on development?
111. What is meant by the term “urban explosion”?
112. Describe the current problems of employment and industrialization in developing countries. How does this compare with 19th century Western industrialization?
113. Discuss national policies that have been attempted to curb over-urbanization. How effective have they been?
114. Describe what is meant by a “revolution of rising expectations”.
115. Describe some of the most likely patterns in LDCs for the remainder of the century.
116. Discuss the current economic picture in LDCs. What is the forecast for the future?
117. How does the location of the world’s largest cities in 1970 differ from today?
118. What does the text recommend for future policy toward squatter settlements?
119. The text states that “much of the underdevelopment of Third World countries is due ... to a worldwide system of structural dependency, and unequal exchange”. What does this mean for the future?
120. Describe the concept of over-urbanization. Is it a problem?