Asian Urban Patterns Complete Test Bank Chapter 15

CHAPTER 15

Multiple Choice:

1. In the 13^th century when Marco Polo visited Beijing he noted that __________.

a. it basically was a rural village with a few impressive temples

b. the entire city was arranged in perfect squares much like a chessboard.

c. it contained a central square with buildings that were 20 stories high—the first “sky scrapers”

d. Marco Polo never visited Beijing because foreigners were not permitted into the city.

2. Which of the following regarding Asian urban life is true?

a. Asia has a long tradition of city life.

b. Patterns of urbanization in Asian nations have similar historical roots.

c. About 66 percent of Asia’s population is urban.

d. Today, a minority of Asia's population is still village or rural based.

3. Indigenous Asian cities of the past were primarily __________.

a. located along seacoasts

b. commercial and industrial centers

c. political, cultural and religious centers

d. economic centers

4. According to the text as of 2017 Asia held __________ of the population of the world.

a. two-thirds

b. one-half

c. one-third

d. one-quarter

5. As of the year 2017 some_______ percent of Asia’s population was urban.

a. 36

b. 49

c. 66

d. 76

6. Which of the following is true about Asia’s population?

a. Asia has a larger percentage of people, but not a larger number of people in cities than either Europe or America.

b. Asia has a larger number of people, but not a larger percentage of people in cities than either Europe or America.

c. Asia has both a larger number of people, and a larger percentage of people in cities than either Europe or America.

d. Asia has neither a larger number of people, nor a larger percentage of people in cities than either Europe or America.

7. Which of the following is true?

a. Asians, like North Americans, have an anti-urban bias and prefer rural life.

b. Asian cities are basically all alike.

c. The percentage of Asians living in urban places is slightly higher than the percentage of Africans living in urban places.

d. Rates of urbanization and city growth have slowed in most Asian cities and are expected to stabilize in the first decade of the 21^st century.

8. Cities such as Hong Kong, Singapore, Calcutta and Mumbai __________.

a. began as traditional, preindustrial cities

b. prohibited the segregation of Europeans and Asians into separate neighborhoods

c. are now considered to be “moderate” or “medium” in size compared to other cities in the world

d. were foreign dominated ports oriented toward export

9. Indigenous Asian capitals were __________.

a. located along the coasts

b. industrial centers

c. centers for trade and export

d. usually located near the centers of their empires

10. The following can be said of Asian cities: __________.

a. A majority of Asia's population lives in urban places

b. Asia has a larger percentage of people in cities than Europe or America

c. Asia is less urbanized than Africa

d. Asia has some of the world's largest cities

11. According to the text, there are now just over 1 billion people in India. About _________ of them are living in urban areas.

a. one- third

b. four-fifths

c. one-half

d. two-thirds

12. According to the text, industrialization played __________ role in the development of India’s great cities.

a. an absolutely critical

b. a very important

c. only a limited

d. no

13. Colonial-built and occupied areas in Indian cities __________.

a. had extremely high population densities

b. were characterized by low population densities

c. never housed military reservations

d. were designed to reflect the indigenous culture

14. India's largest metropolitan area is __________.

a. Poona

b. Kolkata

c. Deli

d. Mumbai

15. __________ is the heart of India’s financial and industrial life, as well as the center of the nation’s large and colorful film industry.

a. Poona

b. Kolkata

c. Deli

d. Mumbai

16. According to the text, about __________ of Mumbai’s raw sewage is treated before being dumped into the bay.

a. one-fifth

b. one-quarter

c. one-half

d. two-thirds

17. An example of a city that began as a colonial seaport is __________.

a. Beijing

b. Kollata (Calcutta)

c. Bangkok

d. Delhi

18. Planners and city administrators in Mumbai __________.

a. take pride in the fact that they have achieved significant success in controlling urban growth and pollution

b. openly concede that they have been losing the battle over urban growth

c. are proud that they have maintained the city’s infrastructure in the wake of tremendous population growth, but are discouraged about their inability to control that growth

d. have given up entirely and abandoned all attempts to maintain infrastructure, control growth and reduce pollution in the city

19. According to the text, Mumbai could “cope” with as many as 10 million people, but, today the Greater Mumbai population is __________ million.

a. 21

b. 32

c. 43

d. 54

20. A major asset of Mumbai is __________.

a. good housing for the urban lower classes and poor

b. an educational system available to all city residents

c. excellent public utilities including transportation, electricity, water and sewage

d. a trained civil service to administer the city

21. According to the text, approximately __________ of Kolkata’s residents live below the Indian government poverty level.

a. one-quarter

b. one-third

c. one-half

d. two-thirds

22. The original seat of the British Raj was __________.

a. Mumbai

b. Delhi

c. Calcutta

d. Poona

23. Kolkata today is experiencing __________.

a. a rapidly growing industrial base

b. population growth and some new economic development

c. a decline in urban pride and identity

d. decreasing living conditions

24. The Indian city most noted for its unique land-tenure system that promotes non-maintenance of slum properties is __________.

a. Mumbai

b. Delhi

c. Kolkata

d. Poona

25. Kolkata today __________.

a. is solving all its problems through urban planning

b. has improved water supplies to the population with three-quarters of the population now having access to piped drinking water

c. lacks social vigor and pride

d. has an excellent land line phone system

26. The text suggests that Kolkata __________.

a. still has major physical problems with its infrastructure

b. has lost its once prominent role as a center of poetry, theater and culture

c. has the worst levels of street crime of any Indian city

d. is declining in population

27. India's greatest problem, according to the text, is __________.

a. stimulating ecological knowledge

b. coping with population growth

c. feeding its growing population

d. providing municipal services

28. Which of the following countries trains more computer programmers than any other country on earth?

a. India

b. China

c. Japan

d. Indonesia

29. Which of the following countries has the highest rate of population increase?

a. China

b. Singapore

c. Japan

d. India

30. According to the text, which of the following receives the most attention in India?

a. improving environmental quality

b. providing education for the poor

c. stimulating economic growth

d. providing adequate housing for the urban poor

31. China's current population is __________.

a. 725 million

b. 950 million

c. 1.3 billion

d. 2.6 billion

32. According to the text, China’s Bureau of Statistics says the urban population of China today is _________ percent.

a. 57

b. 64

c. 74

d. 84

33. Which of the following countries currently has the largest number of urban residents?

a. China

b. India

c. Japan

d. the United States

34. Under Mao, China's policy was __________.

a. one of encouraging urban growth

b. largely neutral toward cities as his movement was primarily directed toward agrarian reform

c. anti-urban and against city growth

d. one of favoring economic development over ideology

35. Under which of the following communist initiatives in China did as many as 25 million Chinese youths “volunteer” to resettle permanently in rural villages?

a. The People’s Revolution of 1947-49

b. The Great Leap Forward of 1963

c. The Cultural Revolution of 1966-76

d. The Only Child Policy of 1986-1999

36. China, during the late 1960s and early 1970s, sought to manage its urban problems by __________.

a. full-scale industrial development

b. moving population from rural to urban sectors to provide a workforce

c. moving millions of urban youth to rural villages

d. building massive new towns

37. Which of the following “Special Economic Zones” in China has experienced the greatest amount of prosperity?

a. the northern zones

b. the southern zones

c. the eastern zones

d. the western zones

38. China's largest city is __________.

a. Shanghai

b. Beijing

c. Canton

d. Hong Kong

39. Which of the following cities is the major economic hub of China?

a. Tsinan

b. Beijing

c. Canton

d. Shanghai

40. One of China’s major economic successes, the “New Area Project of Pudong”, is located in __________.

a. Shanghai

b. Beijing

c. Hong Kong

d. Canton

41. A major problem in Beijing and Shanghai is __________.

a. lack of economic growth

b. continued aid from the government in Beijing

c. lack of sufficient building and construction projects for housing

d. pollution

42. Beijing, the capital of China, __________.

a. was untouched by the effects of the cultural revolution

b. has controlled its pollution problems in recent years

c. has relatively uncrowded housing

d. now has the majority of its population living in high-rise buildings

43. During which of the following were residents of Beijing ordered to kill all the cats and dogs in the metropolitan area, which then lead to the proliferation of nuisance birds?

a. The People’s Revolution of 1947-49

b. The Great Leap Forward of 1963

c. The Cultural Revolution of 1966-76

d. The Only Child Policy of 1986-1999

44. Which of the following is noted for having the world’s highest urban density?

a. Shanghai

b. Hong Kong

c. Canton

d. Beijing

45. The booming New Area Project built across the Huangpu River from traditional Shanghai that is now become the financial capital of China is __________.

a. Canton

b. Pudong

c. Hong Kong

d. Tsinan

46. Economic development in Asia is __________.

a. directly dependent on high urban density

b. slowed by high levels of urban density

c. related to high densities of rural labor

d. not clearly related to density per se

47. The text points out that the relationship between population and density and the level or rate of economic development is __________.

a. positive—the higher the density the higher the rate of development

b. negative—the higher the density the lower the rate of development

c. not always clear

d. not a question worthy of discussion

48. As a nation, Japan __________.

a. does not have a long tradition of cities

b. has a relatively dispersed urban population

c. is about as urban as North America

d. like the United States, has a long-standing tradition of distrusting cities

49. Which of the following cities most closely displays patterns of modern urbanization that most closely resemble those of the West?

a. Tokyo

b. Delhi

c. Beijing

d. Jakarta

50. Of the following the most urbanized nation in Asia is __________.

a. Thailand

b. China

c. India

d. Japan

51. Within the Tokyo-Yokohama agglomeration __________.

a. Japanese gardens act as greenbelts within the urban setting

b. strict zoning laws are part of the structured society

c. housing is cramped and expensive

d. the infrastructure is regarded as far superior to cities of the West

52. According to the text Tokyo __________.

a. has expensive and small housing units

b. cannot afford to spend on infrastructure

c. carefully controls and plans its growth

d. economically houses its population

53. An example of an Asian new town is __________ in Japan.

a. Kobe

b. Jakarta

c. Bangkok

d. Suma

54. Singapore __________________________________.

a. provides a modest standard of living for its residents compared to other Asian cities

b. is surrounded by massive squatter settlements

c. is about 80 percent urban according to official statistics

d. is economically prosperous

55. Squatter settlements are not found around __________.

a. Calcutta

b. Bombay

c. Singapore

d. Delhi

56. The country having an economic level and pattern of urbanization atypical of Asia is __________.

a. Singapore

b. India

c. China

d. Indonesia

57. Singapore's government housing is unique since __________.

a. housing is single family low-rise

b. density is low compared to Western countries

c. residents own their high-rise apartments

d. democratic values overweigh efficiency

58. Which of the following cities is the capital of Indonesia ?

a. Seoul

b. Jakarta

c. Kuala Lumpur

d. Manila

59. Which Asian city until recently had the world’s tallest building?

a. Seoul

b. Singapore

c. Taipei

d. Tokyo

60. According to the text, _________ is, by far, the most urbanized of the large nations of Asia.

a. Japan

b. China

c. India

d. Indonesia

True-False:

61. Patterns of urbanization in China, Japan, India and Southeast Asia share the same cultural and historical roots.

a. T

b. F

62. Asia has a great tradition of city life.

a. T

b. F

63. New Delhi is one of the largest port cities in India.

a. T

b. F

64. As of the year 2018, Asia has more city dwellers than any other continent.

a. T

b. F

65. Currently, Asia has a larger percentage of people in cities than either Europe or America.

a. T

b. F

66. Asia, today, is still half rural.

a. T

b. F

67. Indigenous Asian cities were located inland, near the centers of their empires, except in Japan and parts of Southeast Asia.

a. T

b. F

68. Indigenous Asian cities of the past were predominantly political and cultural

centers.

a. T

b. F

69. Calcutta initially developed as a consequence of European colonial expansion.

a. T

b. F

70. India has a history of cities going back to 2000. B.C.

a. T

b. F

71. India, today, is approximately 65 percent urban.

a. T

b. F

72. India’s largest city is Mumbai (Bombay) .

a. T

b. F

73. Industrialization played the major role in the growth of Indian cities.

a. T

b. F

74. India’s most dynamic city and the heart of its financial and industrial life is Mumbai.

a. T

b. F

75. Mumbai’s recently upgraded infrastructure includes one of the best and most efficient sewage systems in the world.

a. T

b. F

76. Perhaps two million of the residents in Mumbai live on the streets.

a. T

b. F

77. According to the text, Mumbai is worse off than most LDC cities.

a. T

b. F

78. According to the text, two thirds of Calcutta’s population lives below the poverty level.

a. T

b. F

79. Calcutta enjoys better-than-average housing because of a unique land-tenure system that encourages renters to take care of their homes.

a. T

b. F

80. Calcutta still has physical decay but socially it retains a vigor and pride that other cities envy.

a. T

b. F

81. Calcutta is developing new technology oriented suburban businesses.

a. T

b. F

82. India has abandoned its controlled, state-managed economy for a free market economy.

a. T

b. F

83. Calcutta residents are reliably supplied with electricity and telephone services.

a. T

b. F

84. Currently India’s economy is expanding.

a. T

b. F

85. Physically, Calcutta is now showing some modernization.

a. T

b. F

86. India now trains more computer programmers than any nation on earth.

a. T

b. F

87. In India today, the number one priority is improving housing.

a. T

b. F

88. The most serious concern that demographers have about India, today, is that the country can no longer feed itself.

a. T

b. F

89. The U.S. Census Bureau forecasts that China’s population will reach 3 billion people in 2030 and then level off.

a. T

b. F

90. China has a rate of natural increase now that is one third that of other

LDCs.

a. T

b. F

91. Under Mao, China developed a strong pro urban policy.

a. T

b. F

92. During the “Cultural Revolution” of the 1960s and 1970s, China’s government forcibly sent over 15 million urban Chinese youths to the countryside in an attempt to control the size of cities.

a. T

b. F

93. The first modern manufacturing and industrial cities of China were the indigenous cities that served as province capitals.

a. T

b. F

94. Chinese demographers predict that mechanization of farming will displace several hundred million peasants.

a. T

b. F

95. The economic reforms in China over the last decades first occurred in Beijing.

a. T

b. F

96. Today, Shanghai is China’s largest city and the country’s main commercial hubs.

a. T

b. F

97. One reason for the prominence of Shanghai, today, is that immediately following the communist takeover in 1949, the government poured money and resources into making it a “show city” for Asian communism.

a. T

b. F

98. Pudong is one of China’s original indigenous cities with a history that goes back nearly 1000 years.

a. T

b. F

99. Shanghai is considered one of China’s “clean” cities with levels of pollution that have decreased sharply in recent years.

a. T

b. F

100. During the decade of the cultural revolution in China, virtually no new urban building, repairs, or even painting was done anywhere in China.

a. T

b. F

101. Beijing was first made the capital of China in 1949 with the communist take-over.

a. T

b. F

102. Beijing initially showed less rapid economic development than China’s south coastal provinces.

a. T

b. F

103. Hong Kong is most noted for the tight control that its government exerts over the economy.

a. T

b. F

104. Hong Kong’s population density is the highest in the world.

a. T

b. F

105. There is a clear relationship between population density per se and the level or rate of economic development.

a. T

b. F

106. As one of the conditions of the transfer of Hong Kong from British to mainland Chinese control, the Chinese promised not to change the economic system for 50 years.

a. T

b. F

107. Japan is Asia's most urbanized large nation.

a. T

b. F

108. After World War II Japan spent more on urban infrastructure than other industrialized

nations.

a. T

b. F

109. The Japanese economic miracle has failed to provide the average family with a standard of housing commensurate with the nation's wealth.

a. T

b. F

110. Public housing in Japan’s new towns is built to mainly house low-income groups.

a. T

b. F

111. During the World War, Tokyo lost 56 percent of its housing stock.

a. T

b. F

112. Bangkok in Thailand is a product of European colonial expansion.

a. T

b. F

113. Japan has one of the world's lowest crime rates.

a. T

b. F

114. Singapore's success is mainly due to its large store of natural resources.

a. T

b. F

115. According to the text, in Asia the cities, with all their problems, are places of abandonment and despair.

a. T

b. F

116. Residents of Taipei in Taiwan is generally so not consider the city well designed and environmentally satisfactory.

a. T

b. F

Short Answer (in addition to those at the end of the chapter):

117. Compare and contrast the social, economic, and spatial characteristics of indigenous and colonial cities in India.

118. Describe the national urban policies of India. How effective have they been? Why?

119. Discuss the 2013 Chinese urban development policy. Would this be possible elsewhere?

120. Discuss the questions of housing, land costs, and suburbanization in Japan. What are the current problems and patterns?

121. Describe the housing policies and practices in Singapore. What are the advantages and disadvantages of such policies?

122. The text states that Mumbai is the economic center of India. Explain what this means for Mumbai.

123. Describe some of the problems being faced by developing Asian cities. Which policies seem to be solving these problems and which problems remain to be faced?

124. Compare and contrast the two Indian cities of Mumbai and Kolkata.

125. Describe the use of development of new towns in Asia. What problems have they faced? How successful have the towns been?

126. What was China’s policy of “rustication”? Could this policy be implemented in other Asian countries? Why or why not?

127. Describe the relationship between density and economic development. Give examples from the chapter.

128. Describe the factors that account for crime not being a major problem in Japan. How is the situation different than in the United States?

129. Describe the unique social, cultural and historical patterns facing urban planners in China.

130. The text states that after World War II the Japanese concentrated economic efforts in industrial production for export. What effects has this had on the cities of Japan?