Test Bank Chapter 9 Social Work With Immigrants And Refugees

Chapter 9

Social Work with Immigrants and Refugees

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. Nearly ________ of Canada's population speak languages other than English or French as a mother tongue.

a) 2 per cent

b) 5 per cent

c) 10 per cent

d) 20 per cent

e) 50 per cent

2. According to the 2016 census, the proportion of foreign-born Canadians is ________ per cent.

a) 2.5

b) 8.5

c) 10.4

d) 15.0

e) 21.9

3. The language spoken most often as the mother tongue in Canada, aside from English and French, is ________.

a) Punjabi

b) Mandarin

c) Spanish

d) Cantonese

e) Russian

4. The province with the highest percentage of immigrants is ________.

a) Ontario

b) Quebec

c) Alberta

d) British Columbia

e) Manitoba

5. The largest category of permanent residents in Canada is ________.

a) refugees

b) economic immigrants

c) entrepreneurs

d) humanitarian applicants

e) child dependents

6. ________ is the process by which refugees are given permanent legal residency in a settlement country.

a) Migration

b) Assimilation

c) Enfranchisement

d) Adaptation

e) Resettlement

7. In the family immigration class (foreign nationals sponsored by close relatives or family members in Canada), ________ are NOT included as eligible for sponsorship.

a) spouses and partners

b) dependent children

c) adult siblings

d) parents

e) grandparents

8. Persecution or fear of persecution based on a person's ________ is NOT grounds for a refugee claim, according to the 1951 United Nations Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees.

a) race

b) religion

c) nationality

d) socioeconomic status

e) political opinion

9. A refugee claimant is a ________ in the humanitarian population category who requests refugee protection upon or after arrival in Canada but whose claim has not yet been decided.

a) temporary resident

b) permanent resident

c) migrant

d) Convention refugee

e) temporary foreign worker

10. A(n) ________ is a person who has come to Canada as a visitor, student, temporary worker, or refugee claimant and then has continued residence in Canada after either visa expiration or denial of refugee claim.

a) protected person

b) undocumented migrant

c) unannounced arrival

d) Convention refugee

e) spontaneous arrival

11. The country currently hosting the largest number of refugees is ________.

a) the United States

b) Canada

c) Germany

d) Turkey

e) Sweden

12. In 1967, the Optional Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees removed the ________ restrictions of the 1951 Convention.

a) temporal and geographic

b) legal

c) political and social

d) political and economic

e) legal and political

13. The ________ provides humanitarian and development services for Palestinian refugees.

a) Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

b) International Organization for Migration (IOM)

c) United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA)

d) United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)

e) both A and C

14. Canada acceded to the United Nations Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and Optional Protocol in ________.

a) 1951

b) 1967

c) 1969

d) 1979

e) 1985

15. The Canadian government instituted legislation that blocked permanent settlement for certain groups of immigrants. One example was the head tax on ________ immigrants.

a) Indian

b) Russian

c) Chinese

d) Japanese

e) Haitian

16. The first major act focused on immigration in Canada was in ________.

a) 1869

b) 1899

c) 1901

d) 1919

e) 1952

17. ________ prohibits the return of persons–no matter what their crime or suspected activity–to a place where they would be at risk of torture and other ill-treatment.

a) Interdiction

b) Nonrefoulement

c) Asylum

d) Sanctuary

e) Documented status

18. The Cabinet can adjust elements of legislative acts without major legislative revisions by issuing ________.

a) Judicial Proclamations

b) Orders-in-Council

c) Executive Orders

d) Parliamentary Protocols

e) Jurisdictive Protocols

19. In 1967, the ________ was instituted in an effort to remove all discrimination and prejudice from immigration policy.

a) Order-in-Council

b) point system

c) migration regulatory provisions

d) Geneva Convention

e) Immigration and Refugee Protection Act

20. In 1955, the Domestic Scheme created a special category of immigrants which enabled women from the British West Indies to immigrate as domestic servants. ________ was NOT one of the requirements these women had to meet.

a) Being married

b) Being aged 25—40

c) Having at least a Grade 8 education

d) Being in good health

e) Promising to work as a domestic for one year

21. The ________ outlined permanent refugee policy.

a) Immigration and Refugee Protection Act

b) Private Sponsorship of Refugees Act

c) Immigration Act of 1952

d) Immigration Act of 1976

e) Balanced Refugee Reform Act

22. The ________ instituted designated categories of Geneva Convention, government-sponsored, and privately sponsored refugees.

a) Immigration and Refugee Protection Act

b) Immigration Act of 1952

c) Private Sponsorship of Refugees Act

d) Immigration Act of 1976

e) Balanced Refugee Reform Act

23. Prior to 1967, Canadian immigration policy was structured around encouraging permanent immigration from ________.

a) Latin American countries

b) Northern and Western European countries

c) South American countries

d) Eastern European countries

e) Asian countries

24. ________ has consistently had higher rates of accepted asylum applications than rejected applications.

a) Nigeria

b) Mexico

c) China

d) Haiti

e) Burundi

25. The ________ provision of the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act forces most refugee claimants who have transited through the USA to seek asylum there.

a) Designated Countries of Origin

b) Balanced Asylum

c) Well-founded Fear

d) Safe Third Country

e) First Country of Asylum

26. Only ________ and ________ have categories that support direct participation by citizens in the resettlement process.

a) Great Britain; United States

b) Canada; Australia

c) United States; Sweden

d) Great Britain; Germany

e) United States; Australia

27. The Protecting Canada's Immigration System Act was enacted in ________.

a) 1951

b) 1976

c) 1986

d) 2002

e) 2012

28. Canada operates ________ detention facilities for those who are considered irregular arrivals to Canada.

a) no

b) two

c) three

d) five

e) nine

29. According to Doman Lum, ________ is NOT one of the key components of a framework that incorporates culture in order to guide practice and interventions.

a) cultural awareness

b) knowledge acquisition

c) skill development

d) cultural sensitivity

e) inductive learning

30. Introduced in ________, the Live-In Caregiver Program brought in thousands of workers to meet Canada's shortage of affordable live-in child and older adult care.

a) 1975

b) 1987

c) 1992

d) 2005

e) 2006

31. In order to eventually obtain permanent residency and be able to reunite with their families in Canada, workers in the Live-In Caregiver Program need the equivalent of ________ out of ________ months of live-in employment.

a) 12; 24

b) 12; 36

c) 24; 48

d) 36; 60

e) 48; 60

32. ________ are NOT included in the Stages of Migration framework.

a) Events that occur prior to leaving one's country of origin

b) Events that occur during transit or flight from the country of origin

c) Events during "temporary" settlement

d) Events in resettlement

e) Events in repatriation

33. A push factor away from a migrant's country of origin is ________.

a) increased demand for unskilled and skilled labour

b) presence of family members in the settlement country due to earlier migration

c) a sense that the person would be safe and protected in that settlement country

d) high population density

e) educational opportunities

34. ________ is the outcome of settlement regarded by settlement programs as the optimal mode for refugee well-being.

a) Assimilation

b) Separation

c) Adaptation

d) Variation

e) Integration

35. ________ is the process whereby one's traditions, values, language, and beliefs change as they come into contact with a new (usually dominant) culture.

a) Marginalization

b) Acculturation

c) Adaptation

d) Relegation

e) Refoulement

36. The acronym for the primary international organization that is mandated to protect refugees is the ________.

a) UNHCR

b) IOM

c) UNICEF

d) UNCHR

e) ICRC

37. The Canadian Multiculturalism Act was enacted in ________.

a) 1948

b) 1967

c) 1988

d) 1995

e) 1999

38. Since 1992, the ________ has provided funding to service provider organizations that offer English or French language instruction to immigrant adults.

a) Canadian Multiculturalism Act

b) Language Instruction for Newcomers to Canada program

c) Adult Migration Language program

d) Migrant Language Learners program

e) Bilingual Resource and Support program

39. Canada is ________ country for trafficking.

a) only a destination

b) only a transit

c) both a destination and a transit

d) neither a destination nor a transit

e) a source, transit, and destination

40. Immigrant women are less likely to seek help for conjugal violence due to ________.

a) dependent legal status

b) limited education

c) little to no access to culturally relevant services

d) precarious financial status

e) all of the above

41. ________ was the first country to develop guidelines for dealing with unaccompanied minors.

a) Sweden

b) Canada

c) Germany

d) France

e) Great Britain

42. A(n) ________ represents any minor appearing in proceedings before the Immigration and Refugee Board.

a) designated representative

b) youth advocate

c) Canadian Border Services agent

d) immigration officer

e) immigration broker

43. The provinces that receive the greatest number of separated children are ________. These provinces provide a combination of legal and social services to unaccompanied minors.

a) Ontario and Quebec

b) British Columbia, Ontario, and Quebec

c) British Columbia and Quebec

d) Ontario, Manitoba, and Quebec

e) the Maritimes

44. Canada accepted its first refugee on the grounds of persecution based on sexual orientation in ________.

a) 1977

b) 1987

c) 1991

d) 2001

e) 2008

45. Older migrant adults' sponsors are financially responsible for them for ________, except in Quebec where it is ________.

a) 20 years; 10 years

b) 10 years; 5 years

c) 10 years; 3 years

d) 5 years; 3 years

e) 7 years; 5 years

46. Those who have arrived in Canada through the family class have access to almost all programs and benefits, including health benefits, with the exception of ________ for the first 10 years in Canada.

a) Old Age Pension

b) Guaranteed Income Supplement

c) Canada Pension Plan/Quebec Pension Plan

d) A and C only

e) all of the above

47. Prior to 2014, the top source country for refugees for 33 years was ________.

a) Iraq

b) Afghanistan

c) Syria

d) Russia

e) Iran

48. According to the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (2002), LGBTQ individuals can enter Canada under the categories of ________.

a) refugee claimant

b) same-sex partner sponsorship

c) temporary worker

d) A and B only

e) all of the above

49. The World Health Organization estimates that approximately ________ of any population is composed of persons with disabilities.

a) 5 per cent

b) 10 per cent

c) 15 per cent

d) 20 per cent

e) 25 per cent

50. Early immigration legislation explicitly excluded immigration by those who were categorized as belonging to ________.

a) "prohibited classes"

b) "problematic regions"

c) "politically undesirable groups"

d) "economically burdensome populations"

e) "economically undesirable classes"

TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS

1. Refugees who are permanently resettled cannot be forced to return to their country of origin even after the conflict in their country of origin has ended.

2. The largest category of permanent residents in Canada is refugees.

3. In general, temporary foreign workers do not have the automatic right of permanent residency.

4. Before 1961, more than 90 per cent of immigrants to Canada were from India, China, and Russia.

5. Currently, Canada's top immigration-source countries include China, Philippines, and India.

6. According to the 2016 census, 2016 was the year with the highest percentage of foreign-born Canadians since Confederation in 1867.

7. The province with the highest percentage of immigrants is British Columbia.

8. More than half of Syria's total population before the conflict began in 2011 are displaced and seeking protection, either spread out across 120 countries or within Syria.

9. Temporary foreign workers have the automatic right to permanent residency, freedom of movement between employers and jobs, and access to rights and entitlements of social citizenship after 5 years in Canada.

10. The guiding legislation for Canada's treatment of refugees is the United Nations Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees.

11. In 1986, the Canadian people were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for assistance provided to Chinese refugees through the Private Sponsorship of Refugees Program.

12. One important change in the Protecting Canada's Immigration System Act was the implementation of the gender-related asylum claims provision, which was previously included in the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act but never implemented.

13. In 2004, the Canadian government designated Great Britain a "safe third country."

14. Adapted from science to human behaviour, structural systems theory examines the fit between an individual and his or her systems as well as interactions that take place within and across systems.

15. A strengths approach to social work with immigrants and refugees draws on the human capital migrants have brought with them from their country of origin.

16. An empowerment approach focuses on social workers increasing their personal, interpersonal, or political power in order to help clients.

17. Around 80 per cent of Live-in Caregiver Program workers are from the Philippines.

18. An example of a "push" factor in migration is an environmental crisis in one's country of origin.

19. Once refugees arrive in refugee camps, they are no longer in danger.

20. What is considered transit or flight to a settlement country is typically less than a month in duration.

21. For the majority of refugees who cross only one border, the physical conditions to which they flee are not much better than those from which they have fled.

22. Assimilation is a process by which individuals' cultural identities are minimized or eliminated and replaced by the cultural identities of the larger society.

23. Approximately 20 per cent of refugees are resettled annually through the UNHCR.

24. In 2009, a majority of refugees 15 years and older had had 12 years of schooling or less.

25. Currently there are no United Nations Conventions that address human trafficking.

26. Primary responsibility for direct service provision for trafficked persons lies with the federal government.

27. Children who arrive in a potential country of resettlement with an adult who is not a parent or previous primary caregiver are referred to as unaccompanied minors.

28. The World Health Organization defines refugee older adults as persons 70 years or older.

29. Since 2015, Canada has resettled more than 40,000 Syrian refugees.

30. In 2016, the top five source countries for refugees selected under Canada's resettlement program were Syria, Eritrea, Iraq, Democratic Republic of Congo, and Afghanistan.

31. The Syrian conflict began in 2011, with fighting between Syrian forces commanded by President Bashar al-Assad and Lebanese forces under President Michel Aoun.

32. Approximately one third of the world's refugee population are Syrian.

TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS

1. What are the three basic categories of permanent residents?

2. What is a refugee claimant?

3. What is a temporary foreign worker? What are the main programs that use temporary foreign workers?

4. Where did the majority of immigrants to Canada come from before 1961? What are some of the top immigration-source countries today?

5. What were the key tenets of the UN Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees? When was it enacted?

6. Why was the Optional Protocol added to the UN Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees? When was it added?

7. What are the five categories on which one may base persecution or fear of persecution in order to apply for refugee status? In what category of persecution or fear of persecution do women who are fleeing gender-related persecution fall?

8. How were African Americans discouraged from immigrating to Canada around the turn of the twentieth century?

9. While the Immigration Act of 1952 did not explicitly discriminate against specific groups of immigrants, how was the Cabinet able to deny entry to certain groups of people?

10. How did the point system change the composition of immigrant populations in Canada?

11. What is the difference between an unaccompanied minor and a separated minor? Why are minors in both groups considered "persons of concern"?

12. How is ecological systems theory relevant to social work practice with migrants?

13. What are some ways that social workers who work with immigrants and refugees can learn about a client's cultural context?

14. What is the push/pull theory of migration?

15. What are some of the critiques of the push/pull theory of migration?

16. What services are offered to victims of trafficking? Who is responsible for service provision?

17. What are the three spheres described in the text that can contribute to effective social work practice with refugees?

18. Which two values in the CASW Code of Ethics highlight the importance of social work with refugee and immigrant populations?

19. Why is it important for social workers to understand the history of immigration policy and how it has affected racialized peoples in Canada?

20. Why is it important for social workers to understand the definitions of different migrant groups?

21. What is the United States Presidential Proclamation 9645 and what are its implications for Canada?

22. Particular groups within the migrant population require distinct supports based on migration trajectory, experiences in the country of origin, social location, and legal status in Canada. Describe the unique challenges faced by one of the groups discussed in the chapter.

23. How might social workers be affected by work with refugees?

ESSAY QUESTIONS

1. Identify and describe three major challenges that migrants face when settling in a new country. In what ways can social workers in Canada help to address these challenges?

2. Identify and describe Lum's four key framework components that incorporate culture to guide practice and interventions.

3. What are some of the challenges faced by migrants with disabilities? Which immigration policies have had significant impacts on their migration?

4. What conflict is currently creating the largest number of refugees? How did the conflict begin? What role has Canada played in protecting Syrian refugees? How has American immigration policy affected Syrian resettlement?

5. What is the Live-In Caregiver Program (LCP)? In what ways does PINAY empower individuals who are part of the LCP?

6. How does gender shape experiences of migration for refugee women and girls? What role can social workers play?