Test Bank Answers States Of Consciousness Chapter 5 12e

Chapter: Chapter 5, 12th edition, States of Consciousness, Multiple Choice, Short Answer/Fill-In, and Essay

Multiple Choice

1. Consciousness is defined in your text as _____.

a) ordinary and extraordinary wakefulness

b) an awareness of oneself and one’s environment

c) mental representations of the world in the here and now

d) any mental state that requires thinking and processing of sensory stimuli

Section Ref: Understanding Consciousness

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.1

Objective Text: Summarize how selective attention and levels of awareness affect consciousness

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

2. _____ is/are BEST defined as our awareness of our environments and ourselves.

a) Alternate states of consciousness (ASCs)

b) Consciousness

c) States of consciousness

d) Selective attention

Section Ref: Understanding Consciousness

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.1

Objective Text: Summarize how selective attention and levels of awareness affect consciousness

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

3. A temporary mental state, other than ordinary waking consciousness, that occurs during sleep, dreaming, psychoactive drug use, or hypnosis, is called

a) a state of mental awareness.

b) alertness.

c) an altered state of consciousness.

d) sentience.

Section Ref: Understanding Consciousness

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.1

Objective Text: Summarize how selective attention and levels of awareness affect consciousness

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

4. Armand is daydreaming, Adele is dreaming while asleep. Which statement is TRUE?

a) Armand is semiconscious, Adele is unconscious.

b) Armand is semiconscious; Adele is in an alternate state of consciousness.

c) Both Armand and Adele are in alternate states of consciousness.

d) Armand is in an alternate state of consciousness, Adele is unconscious.

Section Ref: Understanding Consciousness

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.1

Objective Text: Summarize how selective attention and levels of awareness affect consciousness

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

5. Consciousness _____.

a) is a relatively simple phenomenon

b) exists on a continuum ranging from high awareness to a coma

c) is an all-or-nothing phenomenon

d) includes only those states in which someone is fully alert

Section Ref: Understanding Consciousness

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.1

Objective Text: Summarize how selective attention and levels of awareness affect consciousness

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

6. While driving to a party, you find your mind wandering to the conversation you had with your best friend earlier today. This wandering stream of consciousness is sometimes referred to as ________ attention, as we choose where to focus our awareness.

a) controlled

b) white

c) selective

d) automatic

Section Ref: Understanding Consciousness

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.1

Objective Text: Summarize how selective attention and levels of awareness affect consciousness

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

7. A famous video from the internet recounts a study where students are tossing a basketball around while a man dressed in a gorilla costume walks through their game. Amazingly, many people watching the video are completely unaware of the ape-like figure. This demonstrates a curious psychological phenomenon called ________.

a) dissociative identity disorder

b) deep-brain hypnosis

c) stream of consciousness

d) inattentional blindness

Section Ref: Understanding Consciousness

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.1

Objective Text: Summarize how selective attention and levels of awareness affect consciousness

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

8. _____________, such as walking, talking on a cell phone, require(s) minimal attention.

a) Automatic processes

b) Subconsciousness

c) Vegetative states

d) Controlled processes

Section Ref: Understanding Consciousness

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.1

Objective Text: Summarize how selective attention and levels of awareness affect consciousness

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

9. Mental activities that require focused attention are called _____.

a) thinking processes

b) controlled processes

c) alert states of consciousness

d) conscious awareness

Section Ref: Understanding Consciousness

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.1

Objective Text: Summarize how selective attention and levels of awareness affect consciousness

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

10. Your BEST strategy for passing this exam is to _____.

a) let your unconscious be your guide

b) use controlled processing

c) engage in a stream of consciousness

d) engage in automatic processes

Section Ref: Understanding Consciousness

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.1

Objective Text: Summarize how selective attention and levels of awareness affect consciousness

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

11. Which of the following persons is engaged in controlled mental processing?

a) Adrienne is listening to the radio while driving her car in light traffic.

b) Bertha is rubbing her belly and patting her head at the same time.

c) Alonzo is daydreaming about becoming a world-famous neurosurgeon.

d) Colin is meditating.

Section Ref: Understanding Consciousness

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.1

Objective Text: Summarize how selective attention and levels of awareness affect consciousness

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

12. Mental activities that require minimal attention are called _____ processes.

a) controlled

b) automatic

c) REM

d) unconscious

Section Ref: Understanding Consciousness

Difficulty: medium

Objective: 5.1

Objective Text: Summarize how selective attention and levels of awareness affect consciousness

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

13. Automatic processes require _____ attention.

a) internal

b) unconscious

c) minimal

d) delta wave

Section Ref: Understanding Consciousness

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.1

Objective Text: Summarize how selective attention and levels of awareness affect consciousness

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

14. The best example of the lowest level of awareness that is biologically based is _____.

a) daydreaming

b) the unconscious

c) the subconscious

d) brain death

Section Ref: Understanding Consciousness

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.1

Objective Text: Summarize how selective attention and levels of awareness affect consciousness

Bloom’s Level: Analysis

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

15. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?

a) Everyone needs eight hours of sleep each night.

b) Some people never dream.

c) Sexual arousal during sleep can occur without having a sexual dream.

d) Dying in your dream can be fatal.

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

16. Circadian rhythms are _____.

a) patterns that repeat themselves on a twice-daily schedule

b) physical and mental changes associated with the cycle of the moon

c) rhythmical processes in your brain

d) biological changes that occur on a 24-hour cycle

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

17. Biological rhythms that cycle on a daily basis are called _____ rhythms.

a) circuitous

b) chronobiological

c) calendrical

d) circadian

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

18. Which of the following is an example of a biological process that operates on a circadian rhythm?

a) the sleep-wake cycle

b) the menstrual cycle

c) puberty

d) menopause

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

19. You are generally less productive and more accident-prone than other workers. It is MOST likely that you _____.

a) are working without supervision

b) have a Type-B personality

c) are a workaholic

d) are a rotating shift worker

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Analysis

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

20. Which of the following is not involved in the way the body operates on a circadian rhythm?

a) the hypothalamus

b) the pineal gland

c) the suprachiasmic nucleus

d) the hippocampus

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

21. Which of the following biological processes is most influenced by a hormone called melatonin?

a) sleep

b) sexual arousal

c) aging

d) menstruation

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

22. Which hormone associated with sleep is released by the pineal gland in response to dark surroundings?

a) melatonin

b) St. John’s Wort

c) echinacea

d) saw palmetto

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

23. The suprachiasmatic nucleus of the ________ is responsible for regulating your circadian rhythms. In this way it plays a very important role in your sleep-wake cycle.

a) amygdala

b) medulla

c) reticular activating system

d) hypothalamus

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

24. Jet lag results from _____.

a) sleep deprivation

b) disruption of circadian rhythms

c) the effect of light on the pineal gland

d) disruption of brain-wave patterns

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

25. Researchers have documented all EXCEPT which of the following hazards of sleep deprivation?

a) Reduced cortisol levels

b) Reduced cognitive functioning

c) Increased irritability

d) Reduced motor skills

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Analysis

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

26. How many stages of distinct sleep stages do we typically experience during a normal night’s sleep?

a) 3

b) 4

c) 5

d) 6

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

27. Scientists study sleep in sleep labs using an _____.

a) electrocardiogram

b) electrooculogram

c) electromyogram

d) electroencephalogram

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

28. Of the following, which is not a type of brain wave activity that occurs during a regular night of sleep?

a) gamma waves

b) sleep spindles

c) beta waves

d) theta waves

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

29. Just before sleep, brain waves move from _____ waves, indicating normal wakefulness, to _____ waves associated with drowsy relaxation.

a) beta; alpha

b) theta; delta

c) alpha; beta

d) sigma; chi

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Analysis

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

30. Jordan is in the first stage of sleep. Which of the following is NOT characteristic of her consciousness at this time?

a) sudden muscle activity called myoclonic jerks

b) She is experiencing alpha brain waves

c) theta waves and drowsy sleep

d) hypnogogic hallucinations

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

31. Which of the following is a characteristic of Stage 2 sleep?

a) sleep spindles

b) a sudden decrease in brain wave frequency

c) increase in delta wave activity

d) hypnogogic hallucinations

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

32. Which of the following is characteristic of Stage 3 sleep?

a) fast, active brain waves

b) confusion and disorientation when awakened.

c) The brain is most receptive to foreign language or other learning tapes

d) sleep spindles

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

33. Darius is sleeping right through the sounds of fire engine and police car sirens right outside his window. It is MOST likely that Darius is _____.

a) experiencing an episode of sleep apnea

b) in Stage 3 sleep

c) in REM sleep

d) in a drug-induced hypnogogic state

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

34. You are in a sleep lab and have just been hooked up to several machines. Researchers are interested in measuring all but which of the following?

a) eye movements

b) brain waves

c) bladder activity

d) muscle activity

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

35. Which of the following is TRUE regarding a typical night’s sleep cycles?

a) There are 7-8 cycles per night, each lasting about an hour.

b) REM sleep increases during the night.

c) Brain waves decrease in both frequency and amplitude as the night progresses.

d) Everyone always progresses from Stage 1 to 3, and back.

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

36. REM sleep is also called _____ sleep because the brain is aroused and active while the person remains nonresponsive and asleep.

a) pseudo-sleep

b) paradoxical

c) hypnagogic

d) transitional

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

37. Galen’s new baby is scrunching up her face, breathing irregularly, making little sounds, and moving her eyes rapidly back and forth under closed lids. Galen asks you if this means the baby is waking up. From what you know about sleep cycles, your BEST answer would be _____.

a) Yes, the baby appears to be coming out of Stage 1 sleep.

b) No, the baby is showing signs of a transition between sleep stages.

c) Yes, the baby has obviously been awake for several minutes.

d) No, the baby is most likely in the REM sleep stage

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

38. On average, an infant sleeps ________hours and spends ___________ percent in REM sleep.

a) 7.5, 10

b) 14, 40

c) 6, 14

d) 10, 50

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

39. The sleep stage marked by irregular breathing, eye movements, high-frequency brain waves, and dreaming is called _____ sleep.

a) beta

b) hypnagogic

c) REM

d) transitional

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

40. Which of the following is NOT characteristic of REM sleep?

a) genital arousal may occur

b) muscles are deeply relaxed

c) most dreams occur here

d) a mixture of theta and delta waves occur in the brain

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

41. If you foolishly cram before final exams, missing several nights’ sleep, what is MOST likely to happen to your sleep cycles the first time you get uninterrupted sleep? You will _____.

a) have more than the usual amount of REM sleep.

b) have more than the usual amount of non-REM sleep.

c) sleep more hours than usual, and get an equal amount of REM and non-REM sleep.

d) have nightmares about being kicked out of college.

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

42. The adaptation/protection theory of sleep says that sleep _____.

a) evolved to decrease the number of hours of daydreaming

b) conserves energy and protects us from predators

c) restores the biological rhythms that would otherwise be disrupted by round-the-clock wakefulness

d) is necessary for the evolution of our species into spiritual beings

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

43. The theory of sleep that BEST explains why bears hibernate all winter is the _____ theory.

a) adaptation/protection

b) learning/memory

c) growth/development

d) repair/restoration

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Analysis

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

44. The repair/restoration theory of sleep says that sleep serves _____.

a) a recuperative function following depletion of key brain and body resources

b) to protect animals from predators and restore the balance of nature

c) to conserve energy for use the following day

d) cognitive functions like memory consolidation

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Analysis

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

45. Which of the following most supports the growth/restoration theory of sleep?

a) the taller we get, the more sleep we need

b) dreams occur more in our older years than in our younger years

c) we sleep less as we age

d) children spend less time in REM during school months when compared to non-school months

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Analysis

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

46. Freud believed that dreams allowed our unacceptable desires to come to the surface, giving us a momentary glimpse at the ____________.

a) superego

b) working self-concept

c) REM content

d) unconscious

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

47. This is a theory/hypothesis of dream interpretation that emphasizes the roles of manifest and latent dream content.

a) Hobson’s activation hypothesis

b) McCarley’s synthesis hypothesis

c) Freud’s wish-fulfillment theory

d) Mayan Indian communal theory

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

48. The ______ content of a dream contains the surface symbols that disguise or mask the underlying meaning of the dream.

a) repressed

b) transference

c) manifest

d) latent

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

49. The _____ content of a dream is the true, unconscious meaning of the dream.

a) expressed

b) countertransference

c) latent

d) repressed

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

50. Durango was very angry with his stepmother, and wished she were dead. That night Durango dreamed that he pushed her off a cliff. According to Freud, the latent content of Durango's dream would be _____, while the manifest content would be _____.

a) pushing her off the cliff; wishing she were dead

b) wishing she were dead; pushing her off the cliff

c) pushing her off the cliff; angry feelings

d) angry feelings; wishing she were dead

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

51. The idea that dreams are the byproduct of random stimulation of brain cells, and that the brain attempts to combine this spontaneous activity into coherent patterns, is known as the _____ hypothesis of dreaming.

a) wish fulfillment

b) activation-synthesis

c) random-convergent

d) brain stimulation

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

52. You just awoke from a startling dream in which you were very frightened, but could not move. How would the activation-synthesis theory of dreaming explain your dream?

a) Your amygdala was randomly stimulated, but REM-stage paralysis kept you from moving.

b) You were frightened by something during the day but didn’t pay attention to it at the time, which caused you to feel helpless in your dream.

c) You are frightened of your occasional urges to harm others, and your unconscious mind prevented you from following through on these urges.

d) You experienced random stimulation of the amygdala and other brain areas, but your cerebellum was not stimulated at all.

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

53. The cognitive view of dreaming suggests that dreams

a) have no meaning and are activated by neural firing during sleep.

b) help us sift through and sort out our everyday experiences.

c) help us determine what our unconscious desires are.

d) can occur during any of the 4 different sleep stages.

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

54. The _____ theory states that dreams are byproducts of random stimulation of brain cells, whereas the _____ view suggests dreams serve an information processing function and help us sift through our everyday experiences and thoughts.

a) biological; learning

b) cognitive; wish-fulfillment

c) activation-synthesis; cognitive

d) psychodynamic; infodynamic

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

55. Pat is dreaming about a stranger who is carrying a weapon. According to research on gender and dream content, it is MOST likely that Pat is _____.

a) female

b) male

c) androgynous

d) transgender

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

56. Which of the following is true?

a) There are no common themes in men and women’s dreams.

b) Women are more likely than men to dream about strangers or achievement.

c) There are some cultural commonalities in dream themes.

d) Men are more likely than women to dream about children or family members.

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Analysis

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

57. The persistent inability to fall or stay asleep, or awakening too early, is a symptom of _____.

a) narcolepsy

b) insomnia

c) sleep apnea

d) somnambulism

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

58. Which of the following persons is clearly experiencing insomnia?

a) Kipp frequently cannot fall asleep the night before a final exam.

b) Kaula regularly sleeps less than eight hours per night.

c) Consuela persistently has difficulty falling or staying asleep.

d) Markita regularly has sleep terrors in the early morning hours while she is still asleep.

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

59. Which of the following is TRUE about prescription drugs for insomnia?

a) They are usually benzodiazepines.

b) They increase REM and Stage 3 sleep.

c) There is a danger of developing psychological or physical dependency on them.

d) They are more effective and safer than taking supplements of the hormone melatonin.

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

60. Which of the following is true about sleep apnea?

a) It is characterized by periods of a minute or more without breathing.

b) It is accompanied by repeated episodes of sleepwalking.

c) It is believed to be caused by brain abnormalities in the amygdala, substantia nigra, and tegmentum.

d) It is only diagnosed in people who are severely obese.

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

61. Your text reports that the suspected cause of sleep apnea is _____.

a) a malfunction in the reticular activating system or the brain stem

b) malnutrition, alcoholism, or obesity

c) an airway blockage or the brain’s failure to signal the diaphragm

d) a mystery to sleep researchers at this time

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Analysis

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

62. Dieting, surgery, dental appliances, and sewing tennis balls to one’s pajama top are all recommended treatments for _____.

a) insomnia

b) parasomnia

c) nightmares

d) sleep apnea

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

63. In mid-sentence, your friend suddenly slumps over on the couch and appears to have entered the REM stage of sleep. Which of the following is the BEST explanation for your friend’s behavior?

a) Your friend suffers from epilepsy and just had a seizure.

b) Your friend suffers from narcolepsy and should seek medical attention.

c) You are boring, and should take a class in social speaking skills.

d) Your friend did not get enough sleep last night and should go to bed.

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

64. Degenerated neurons in certain parts of the brain have been observed in dogs with _____.

a) narcolepsy

b) REM behavior disorder

c) cataplexy

d) parasomnia

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Analysis

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

65. A nightmare occurs during _____.

a) non-REM sleep

b) REM sleep

c) episodes of sleep apnea

d) sleep terrors

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

66. _____ occur during stage three of non-REM sleep and are characterized by intense physiological arousal and a state of panic.

a) Narcoleptic fits

b) Nightmares

c) Apnea episodes

d) Night terrors

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

67. Sleepwalking is MOST likely to occur in _____.

a) adults

b) hypnagogic sleep

c) the deepest stage of NREM sleep

d) REM sleep

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

68. Psychoactive drugs _____.

a) change mental processes, such as awareness, mood, and perception.

b) are all addictive, mind-altering, and dangerous to your health

c) all cause tolerance and withdrawal symptoms

d) can only be prescribed by a licensed psychiatrist

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

69. Drugs that change conscious awareness, mood, or perception are called _____.

a) addictive

b) hallucinogenic

c) psychoactive

d) mind altering

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

70. _______________ drugs are substances that can change conscious, awareness, mood, and/or perception.

a) Addictive

b) Hallucinogenic

c) Psychoactive

d) Mind Altering

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

71. Which of the following lists contain ONLY psychoactive drugs?

a) Caffeine, nicotine, and alcohol

b) Antacids, antidepressants, and antipsychotics

c) Insulin, narcotics, and hallucinogens

d) Aspirin, L-Dopa, and Prozac

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

72. Drug abuse requires that the drug user _____.

a) use a substance that causes emotional or physical harm to self or to others

b) develop a tolerance to the substance being abused

c) develop an addiction to the substance being abused

d) suffer from delirium tremens at least twice a week for 3 months

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

73. Drug-taking that causes emotional or physical harm to the drug user or others is known as _____.

a) addiction

b) physical dependence

c) psychological dependence

d) drug abuse

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

74. The condition that compels someone to use a specific drug or engage in a certain kind of compulsive activity is called ______.

a) drug abuse

b) addiction

c) cross-tolerance

d) drug tolerance

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

75. A mental desire or craving to achieve the effects produced by a drug is called _____.

a) physiological dependence

b) psychological dependence

c) cross-tolerance

d) withdrawal

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

76. Irving’s doctor prescribed Valium to help him cope with job-related anxiety. He found a less stressful job, and is anxiety-free. However, Irving keeps taking Valium because he likes its effects. He hasn’t had to increase the dosage, and he did not have withdrawal symptoms when he forgot to take his pills. It is MOST likely that Irving is _____.

a) suffering from a synergistic effect of Valium and another drug.

b) psychologically dependent on Valium

c) developing a cross-tolerance for other drugs

d) physically dependent on Valium

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

77. When repeated drug use causes changes in the body that require continued drug use to prevent withdrawal symptoms, a state of _____ is occurring.

a) drug-induced brain damage

b) psychoactive addiction

c) physical dependence

d) drug abuse

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

78. Physical dependence occurs when a person needs to use a drug to prevent _____.

a) psychological dependence

b) withdrawal symptoms

c) addiction

d) tolerance and withdrawal

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

79. Discomfort and distress, including physical pain and intense cravings after stopping the use of an addictive drug, are called _____.

a) psychological addiction

b) physical addiction

c) withdrawal

d) tolerance

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

80. Leilani finds that she perspires, breathes rapidly, and has muscle twitches and tremors when she tries to quit using illegal opiates. This suggests that she has developed _____.

a) a psychoactive addiction

b) an intolerance to opiates

c) a physical tolerance

d) withdrawal symptoms

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

81. _____ is the development of decreasing sensitivity to a drug because of continued use, whereas _____ is the development of increased capacity for the use of one drug because of the use of another drug.

a) Addiction; tolerance

b) Tolerance; addiction

c) Drug abuse; drug addiction

d) Tolerance; cross-tolerance

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

82. Singh finds that he has to drink several more beers to get the same buzz he used to get with one or two. It is likely that Singh has developed _____.

a) a psychoactive addiction

b) Korsakoff’s syndrome

c) a better ability to metabolize alcohol

d) a tolerance for alcohol

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

83. A drug that has a molecular structure similar to the body’s own neurotransmitter is called _____.

a) an alpha drug

b) an agonist

c) a psychoactive drug

d) an antagonist

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

84. When a drug blocks reuptake of a neurotransmitter, the drug is acting as a(n) _____.

a) precursor

b) agonist

c) synergist

d) antagonist

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

85. A drug that blocks the action of the neurotransmitter is called _____.

a) a beta drug

b) a psychoantagonistic drug

c) an agonist drug

d) an antagonist

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

86. _____ act on the CNS to suppress or slow bodily processes and reduce overall responsiveness.

a) Psychoactive drugs

b) Stimulants

c) Depressants

d) Hallucinogens

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

87. Depressants include all of the following EXCEPT _____.

a) barbiturates

b) alcohol

c) tobacco

d) anxiolytics

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

88. Your friend Loretta is taking Xanax prescribed by her doctor. She tells you that she is planning to drink a glass of wine to help her mellow out even more. Based on what you've learned about drugs in this class, what would your BEST response to her be?

a) Good idea; the two drugs will work better together.

b) Bad idea; the two drugs will counteract each other and she will become overstimulated.

c) It's okay; alcohol only has a bad effect if you have more than 2-3 drinks.

d) Bad idea; taken together they can relax the diaphragm and cause suffocation.

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

89. Alcohol effects are determined primarily by the amount that reaches the brain. The ________ breaks down alcohol at __________ oz. per hour.

a) liver, 1

b) stomach, 2

c) brain, 1

d) liver, 3

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

90. Nada believes that the drug she just took will make her more lively and outgoing at the party she is attending, but it is actually slowing her system down, and may impair her thinking and her behavior. Which of the following drugs has Nada ingested?

a) Nicotine

b) Caffeine

c) Alcohol

d) Heroin

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

91. _____ act on the nervous system to increase its overall activity and general responsiveness.

a) Hallucinogens

b) Stimulants

c) Alcoholic beverages

d) Psychoactive drugs

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

92. Which class of drugs reviewed in your text can cause increased perceptions of power?

a) Opiates

b) Depressants

c) Stimulants

d) Hallucinogens

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

93. According to several different sources noted in the textbook, the single most preventable cause of death and disease in the United States is ________.

a) drunk driving

b) caffeine use

c) obesity

d) smoking

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Analysis

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

94. Nicotine activates the same brain areas as _____.

a) cocaine

b) serotonin

c) marijuana

d) heroin

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

95. Small doses of ________ can interfere with the electrical system of the heart, and can cause strokes by constricting blood supply to the brain.

a) valium

b) cocaine

c) alcohol

d) barbiturates

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

96. Opiates are used to achieve _____.

a) pain relief

b) increased energy

c) hallucinations

d) a hypnotic state

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

97. Tavish tells you that he can taste the color of the sky and see the sounds of the birds chirping. It is likely that Tavish has ingested _____.

a) alcohol

b) a hallucinogen

c) a stimulant

d) any of the above

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

98. Hallucinogens _____.

a) are drugs that decrease pain messages to the brain

b) are called psychedelics

c) include heroin, codeine, and morphine

d) are extremely addictive, and are among the most habit-forming of all psychoactive drugs

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

99. LSD _____.

a) can lead to heart attacks

b) is extremely addictive

c) has been found to have no negative physical or psychological effects

d) is derived from a form of mold

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

100. Marijuana has properties of all but which category of psychoactive drugs?

a) depressants

b) narcotics

c) hallucinogens

d) stimulants

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

101. Research shows that this drug can impair memory, lung functioning, and immune response, interfere with proper reproductive functioning, and adversely affect the brain.

a) opiates

b) barbiturates

c) marijuana

d) alcohol

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

102. Which of the following is an example of a club drug?

a) LSD

b) OxyContin

c) Special K

d) Lithium

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

103. _____ is/are a group of techniques designed to focus attention, block out distractions, and produce an altered state of consciousness.

a) hypnosis

b) scientology

c) parapsychology

d) meditation

Section Ref: Meditation and Hypnosis

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.4

Objective Text: Review the major features of meditation and hypnosis

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

104. Which of the following persons is meditating?

a) Tsuan-wen, who is gazing at a candle while repeating the word “om.”

b) Suzanne, who is deeply focused on studying for her test.

c) Randi, who is working with a hypnotherapist to help with anxiety issues.

d) Rasheed, who is having several beers after a very difficult day at work.

Section Ref: Meditation and Hypnosis

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.4

Objective Text: Review the major features of meditation and hypnosis

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

105. _____ is an alternate state of heightened suggestibility characterized by deep relaxation and a trance-like state of heightened suggestibility and intense focus.

a) Meditation

b) Amphetamine psychosis

c) Hypnosis

d) Daydreaming

Section Ref: Meditation and Hypnosis

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.4

Objective Text: Review the major features of meditation and hypnosis

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

106. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of hypnosis?

a) Highly focused attention

b) Use of imagination and hallucination

c) An active attitude

d) Decreased responsiveness to pain

Section Ref: Meditation and Hypnosis

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.4

Objective Text: Review the major features of meditation and hypnosis

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

107. Which of the following physiological processes cannot be changed during meditation?

a) sweat gland responses

b) heart rate

c) digestive efficiency

d) oxygen consumption

Section Ref: Meditation and Hypnosis

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.4

Objective Text: Review the major features of meditation and hypnosis

Bloom’s Level: Evaluation

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

108. The BEST use of hypnosis is in _____.

a) the criminal system, to improve eye witness testimonies

b) medical arenas that invoke anxiety, fear, and misinformation

c) the entertainment arena

d) psychotherapy to assist in the recovery of repressed memories

Section Ref: Meditation and Hypnosis

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.4

Objective Text: Review the major features of meditation and hypnosis

Bloom’s Level: Evaluation

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

109. Jeannie went to a hypnotist show in Las Vegas and was called up on stage. On her way to the stage, Jeannie was concerned that the hypnotist could make her quack like a duck, which she didn’t want to do. When Jeannie was hypnotized _____.

a) the hypnotist could “make her” do anything he wanted

b) the hypnotist could make her behave in unethical and illegal ways

c) the hypnotist could not “make her” quack like a duck

d) she didn't remember what happened

Section Ref: Meditation and Hypnosis

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.4

Objective Text: Review the major features of meditation and hypnosis

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

110. Which of the following is NOT true about hypnosis?

a) Anyone can be hypnotized

b) Hypnotized people do not retain awareness of their behavior

c) Hypnotized people cannot refuse to comply with suggestions

d) Hypnosis does little to improve memory

Section Ref: Meditation and Hypnosis

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.4

Objective Text: Review the major features of meditation and hypnosis

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

111. Your assignment in Journalism 101 is to research hypnosis. Which of the following statements would be most ACCURATE to include in your report?

a) People can be hypnotized against their will by a good hypnotist

b) When under hypnosis, a person will comply with any suggestion from the hypnotist, including one that goes against their deeply held moral beliefs.

c) Some parts of a person’s recall memory may be improved, but the number of errors made under hypnosis increases.

d) People under hypnosis can do things that require superhuman strength, while people who are not hypnotized cannot.

Section Ref: Meditation and Hypnosis

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.4

Objective Text: Review the major features of meditation and hypnosis

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

112. Which of the following patients would NOT be a good candidate for hypnosis?

a) Tran is very fearful and misinformed about tomorrow’s dental surgery.

b) Greg really wants to perform at his peak in the upcoming Boston Marathon.

c) Ovitz gets very anxious the day before a final exam.

d) Catherine needs to recall important eye-witness testimony.

Section Ref: Meditation and Hypnosis

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.4

Objective Text: Review the major features of meditation and hypnosis

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

Short Answer/Fill-In

113. During your psychology class you quietly pull out your cell phone and tune out the lecture while you browse the internet. This process of ________ attention allows us to filter out information when are not immediately interested in it.

Section Ref: Understanding Consciousness

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.1

Objective Text: Summarize how selective attention and levels of awareness affect consciousness

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

114. The failure to notice a fully visible, but unexpected, stimulus when our attention is directed elsewhere;

also known as ________.

Section Ref: Understanding Consciousness

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.1

Objective Text: Summarize how selective attention and levels of awareness affect consciousness

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

115. Which part of your hypothalamus controls your circadian rhythms?

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

116. Which type of sleep stage involves the majority of your dreams accompanied by relaxed muscles?

Section Ref: REM, or Rapid Eye Movement

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

117. The recreational use of Ecstasy can lead to a reduction in the neurotransmitter ________.

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

118. Brain imaging studies have found that meditation’s requirement of focusing attention reduces the number of cells that are normally associated with devoting attention to multiple tasks. These cells are primarily located in the ________ lobe of the cerebral cortex.

Section Ref: Meditation and Hypnosis

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.4

Objective Text: Review the major features of meditation and hypnosis

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

Essay

119. Describe each of the levels of awareness and the types of mental processing that occur in each level, providing an original example of each.

Section Ref: Understanding Consciousness

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.1

Objective Text: Summarize how selective attention and levels of awareness affect consciousness

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

120. State three common myths about sleep and dreaming, and explain why each one is a myth.

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Evaluation

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

121. Define circadian rhythms and compare what happens when your rhythms are disrupted and when you are deprived of sleep.

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

122. State the sequence of sleep stages you pass through during an average night of sleep, describing the physiological changes and other experiences in each stage.

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

123. Interpret the following dream using TWO of the three major dream theories. Be sure to use and define the terms associated with each theory, and explain the dream in those terms.

"The night before my final exam I dreamt I was on a desert island. All of a sudden, a boat appeared on the horizon with my teacher and parents in it. I became quite anxious as the boat came closer. Just before it landed, I awoke."

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Application

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

124. Describe the symptoms, consequences, and possible treatments for each of the following sleep disorders: narcolepsy, insomnia, sleep apnea, nightmares, and night terrors.

Section Ref: Understanding Sleep and Dreams

Difficulty: Easy

Objective: 5.2

Objective Text: Review the major processes that occur while we sleep and dream

Bloom’s Level: Analysis

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

125. Define “psychoactive drugs” and list several examples of these kinds of drugs. Differentiate drug abuse and addiction, psychological and physical dependence, withdrawal, and tolerance.

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

126. Describe how psychoactive drugs can affect each of the four steps in neurotransmission, providing an example of a specific drug and its effects for each step. Include a description of agonists and antagonists.

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Comprehension

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking

127. Describe the effects of each of the following types of drugs on the nervous system and behavior, and provide an example of a specific drug for each category: depressants, stimulants, opiates, hallucinogens, and club drugs.

Section Ref: Psychoactive Drugs

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.3

Objective Text: Summarize the major issues and concepts associated with psychoactive drugs

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

128. Describe the characteristics associated with meditation, and discuss the major physiological processes that can be affected by this alternate state of consciousness. Write a brief description of one method of entering a meditative state.

Section Ref: Meditation and Hypnosis

Difficulty: Medium

Objective: 5.4

Objective Text: Review the major features of meditation and hypnosis

Bloom’s Level: Knowledge

APA: Goal 1: Knowledge Base in Psychology

129. State three common myths regarding hypnosis, and why each one is a myth. Briefly describe three therapeutic uses of hypnosis.

Section Ref: Meditation and Hypnosis

Difficulty: Hard

Objective: 5.4

Objective Text: Review the major features of meditation and hypnosis

Bloom’s Level: Evaluation

APA: Goal 2: Scientific Inquiry and Critical Thinking