Test Bank 12th Edition Tissues Chapter.4 - Seeley’s Anatomy and Physiology 12e Complete Test Bank by Cinnamon VanPutte. DOCX document preview.
Seeley's Anatomy and Physiology, 12e (VanPutte)
Chapter 4 Tissues
1) Which of the following statements is not true of mucous connective tissue?
A) It is a type of embryonic connective tissue that gives rise to most adult connective tissue types.
B) It is an important component of the umbilical cord.
C) It can be an important source for stem cells.
D) It is an embryonic connective tissue that supports the vascular connection between the mother and the fetus.
2) The extracellular material of tissues is called ________.
A) plasma
B) lymph
C) matrix
D) fibroblast
E) cytoplasm
3) What is a collection of similar cells and surrounding substances?
A) Organ
B) Tissue
C) Organ system
D) Extracellular matrix
E) Intracellular matrix
4) What is the microscopic study of tissues?
A) Anatomy
B) Physiology
C) Pathology
D) Histology
E) Embryology
5) Which type of tissue forms linings or coverings?
A) Epithelial tissue
B) Connective tissue
C) Muscle tissue
D) Nervous tissue
6) Which type of tissue contains cells called neurons?
A) Epithelial tissue
B) Connective tissue
C) Muscle tissue
D) Nervous tissue
7) Which type of tissue is contractile?
A) Epithelial tissue
B) Connective tissue
C) Muscle tissue
D) Nervous tissue
8) Which type of tissue possesses an abundant extracellular matrix?
A) Epithelial tissue
B) Connective tissue
C) Muscle tissue
D) Nervous tissue
9) The four primary tissue types are
A) epithelial, cartilage, muscle, and brain.
B) connective, epithelial, skin, and blood.
C) epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous.
D) glands, bone, lungs, and kidney.
E) bone, skin, blood, and muscle.
10) What is the examination of a dead body to determine the cause of death or to study the changes caused by a disease?
A) Autopsy
B) Biopsy
C) Histology
D) Embryology
E) All of the choices are correct.
11) What is the removal of a tissue sample from patients via surgery or needle to diagnose disease?
A) Autopsy
B) Biopsy
C) Histology
D) Postmortem exam
E) All of the choices are correct.
12) Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
A) Endoderm – bone
B) Mesoderm – muscle
C) Ectoderm – skin
D) Neuroectoderm – nervous system
E) Neural crest cells – peripheral nervous system, skin pigment, tissues of the face
13) The embryonic germ layer that is the source of connective tissue and muscle is ________.
A) mesoderm
B) endoderm
C) ectoderm
D) exoderm
E) neuroectoderm
14) Epithelial tissue is characterized by
A) tightly packed cells.
B) absence of any basement membrane.
C) extensive extracellular matrix.
D) a rich blood supply.
E) Both "tightly packed cells" and "a rich blood supply" are correct.
15) Which of the following is a function of epithelial tissue?
A) Conduction of action potentials
B) Secretion and absorption of molecules
C) Support of other tissue types
D) Contraction
E) Shock absorption
16) Which of the following characteristics is NOT consistent with simple squamous epithelial tissue?
A) Little extracellular material
B) Rest on a basement membrane
C) Has good blood supply within it
D) The cells are thin and flat (not thick)
E) Acts as a permeability barrier
17) The various types of epithelium are classified by
A) the size and shape of cells.
B) the shape of cells and number of cell layers.
C) the number of cell layers and size of the cells.
D) the size and location of cells.
E) function and size of cells.
18) Which of the following categories of epithelium is based on cell shape?
A) Columnar
B) Keratinized
C) Stratified
D) Transitional
E) Simple
19) Stratified epithelium consists of
A) multiple layers of cells.
B) a single layer of cells.
C) a single layer of cells that changes shape when the tissue is stretched.
D) a multiple layer of cells that appears to change shape when the tissue is stretched.
E) None of the choices are correct.
20) An epithelial tissue has multiple layers, flat and irregular cell shape, dead outer layers of cells, and keratin present in some cells. This is
A) pseudostratified keratinized squamous epithelium.
B) simple cuboidal epithelium.
C) simple transitional epithelium.
D) moist stratified squamous epithelium.
E) stratified keratinized squamous epithelium.
21) To determine that a type of epithelium is squamous, which of the following is most important?
A) The number of cell layers
B) The shape of most of the epithelial cells
C) The shape of the most superficial epithelial cells
D) The shape of the basal epithelial cells
E) The shape of the basement membrane
22) The epidermis of the skin is composed of
A) stratified cuboidal epithelium.
B) simple squamous epithelium.
C) stratified squamous epithelium.
D) irregular dense fibrous connective tissue.
E) stratified columnar epithelium.
23) Which of the following epithelial types is mismatched with its function?
A) Simple epithelium – diffusion
B) Stratified epithelium – protection
C) Squamous epithelium – stretching
D) Cuboidal epithelium – absorption
E) Columnar epithelium – secretion
24) Which of the following statements concerning epithelial tissue is false?
A) Secretory epithelial cells are usually cuboidal or columnar in shape.
B) The movement of materials through epithelium is enhanced by simple squamous epithelium.
C) Stratified epithelium is adapted for a protective role.
D) Columnar epithelial cells promote diffusion.
E) Cuboidal epithelium is found in areas where absorption occurs.
25) Epithelium that is primarily secretory in function would most likely be
A) simple squamous.
B) stratified squamous.
C) keratinized columnar.
D) transitional.
E) simple cuboidal.
26) Which type of epithelial tissue is found lining the trachea?
A) Simple cuboidal epithelium
B) Simple columnar epithelium
C) Stratified squamous epithelium
D) Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
E) Transitional epithelium
27) Which type of epithelial tissue is found in the mouth?
A) Simple cuboidal epithelium
B) Simple columnar epithelium
C) Stratified squamous epithelium
D) Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
E) Transitional epithelium
28) Which type of epithelial tissue is found in the stomach?
A) Simple cuboidal epithelium
B) Simple columnar epithelium
C) Stratified squamous epithelium
D) Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
E) Transitional epithelium
29) Which type of epithelial tissue are found in the kidney tubules?
A) Simple cuboidal epithelium
B) Simple columnar epithelium
C) Stratified squamous epithelium
D) Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
E) Transitional epithelium
30) Which type of epithelial tissue is found in the urinary bladder?
A) Simple cuboidal epithelium
B) Simple columnar epithelium
C) Stratified squamous epithelium
D) Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
E) Transitional epithelium
31) Which epithelial tissue can be described as "all cells attached to the basement membrane but not all cells reach free surfaces"?
A) Stratified
B) Transitional
C) Columnar
D) Simple
E) Pseudostratified
32) Which tissue type forms glands?
A) Connective
B) Epithelial
C) Muscle
D) Nervous
E) Neuroectoderm
33) Which of the following statements concerning epithelial cell surfaces is false?
A) Smooth surfaces reduce friction.
B) Epithelium with folded surfaces tends to be very rigid.
C) Cilia propel materials along the surface of an epithelial cell.
D) Epithelial cells with microvilli are involved in absorption.
E) Epithelium with folded surfaces can change shape.
34) Which of the following cell structures would be most important in secretory epithelial cells?
A) Cilia
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Lysosomes
D) Desmosomes
E) Microtubules
35) If one of the functions of the capillaries is to supply body cells with oxygen and nutrients, you would expect the capillary walls to consist of
A) connective tissue.
B) keratinized epithelium.
C) stratified squamous epithelium.
D) simple columnar epithelium.
E) simple squamous epithelium.
36) Epithelial tissue that can stretch or is subjected to stress would have ________.
A) desmosomes
B) gap junctions
C) tight junctions
D) basement junctions
E) intercalated discs
37) The type of cell connection that serves as a permeability barrier is a ________.
A) hemidesmosome
B) desmosome
C) gap junction
D) intercalated disc
E) tight junction
38) An intercalated disc is an example location of ________.
A) hemidesmosome
B) an adhesion belt
C) a striation
D) gap junctions
E) goblet cells
39) Structures that function in intercellular communication include ________.
A) desmosomes
B) tight junctions
C) hemidesmosomes
D) gap junctions
E) centrioles
40) What is a small protein channel that allows the passage of ions and small molecules between cells?
A) Hemidesmosomes
B) Adhesion belt
C) Tight junction
D) Gap junction
E) Desmosomes
41) What is a disc-shaped structure with especially adhesive glycoproteins around each cell that bind cells to one another?
A) Hemidesmosomes
B) Adhesion belt
C) Tight junction
D) Gap junction
E) Desmosomes
42) What is the girdle of glycoproteins just below the tight junction between epithelial cells?
A) Hemidesmosomes
B) Adhesion belt
C) Intercalated disks
D) Gap junction
E) Desmosomes
43) What is the permeability barrier that joins the plasma membranes of adjacent cells to form a tight seal?
A) Hemidesmosomes
B) Adhesion belt
C) Tight junction
D) Gap junction
E) Desmosomes
44) What attaches epithelial cells to the basement membrane?
A) Hemidesmosomes
B) Adhesion belt
C) Tight junction
D) Gap junction
E) Desmosomes
45) A tissue has the following characteristics: free surface, single layer of cells, cells are narrow and tall, microvilli, many mitochondria, goblet cells. Which of the following is most consistent with those observations?
(1) Active transport
(2) Epithelium
(3) Simple epithelium
(4) Columnar epithelium
(5) Cuboidal epithelium
(6) Squamous epithelium
(7) Secretion by exocytosis
(8) Movement of mucous across its surface
A) 1, 2, 3, 4, 7
B) 1, 2, 3, 5, 7
C) 1, 2, 3, 4, 8
D) 2, 3, 4, 8
E) 2, 3, 4, 7
46) Unlike an exocrine gland, an endocrine gland
A) is a secretory organ.
B) sheds cells with its secretions.
C) has no ducts.
D) contains goblet cells.
E) secretes to a surface.
47) The secretions of endocrine glands are released directly
A) onto the skin surface.
B) into the bloodstream.
C) into a gland duct.
D) into the nervous tissue.
E) into the lumen of a tube.
48) Glands whose ducts have no branches are called ________.
A) simple
B) compound
C) acinar
D) alveolar
E) branchless
49) A gland with branching ducts that end in acini would be classified as
A) simple acinar.
B) compound acinar.
C) simple branched tubular.
D) multicellular.
E) simple coiled tubular.
50) A thick, sticky secretion produced by goblet cells is called ________.
A) serous fluid
B) synovial fluid
C) plasma
D) saliva
E) mucus
51) Which type of gland does not have ducts?
A) Exocrine
B) Endocrine
C) Merocrine
D) Apocrine
E) Holocrine
52) Which type of gland releases products by secretion into the blood?
A) Exocrine
B) Endocrine
C) Merocrine
D) Apocrine
E) Holocrine
53) Which type of gland possesses ducts?
A) Exocrine
B) Endocrine
C) Ectocrine
D) Epicrine
E) Hypocrine
54) Which of the following is classified as a holocrine gland?
A) Sweat gland
B) Salivary gland
C) Sebaceous gland
D) Mammary gland
E) Exocrine part of pancreas
55) Which type of exocrine gland uses exocytosis to secrete its product?
A) Merocrine
B) Apocrine
C) Holocrine
D) Endocrine
E) Solocrine
56) A gland produces a watery secretion that contains solutes. The secretion also contains a substantial amount of phospholipid. The type of secretory process for this gland is probably ________.
A) merocrine
B) holocrine
C) apocrine
D) endocrine
E) a combination of merocrine and apocrine.
57) Which type of gland accumulates its secretion in the cytoplasm of the cell, the cell then ruptures and becomes part of the secretion?
A) Merocrine
B) Apocrine
C) Holocrine
58) Which type of gland discharges fragments of the gland's cells during secretion?
A) Exocrine
B) Endocrine
C) Merocrine
D) Apocrine
E) Holocrine
59) Which of the following is NOT a function of connective tissue?
A) Transport
B) Support
C) Storage
D) Contraction
E) Insulation
60) A general characteristic of connective tissue is that it
A) consists of cells with much extracellular material (matrix) between them.
B) has no blood supply to the tissue.
C) covers the outside of organs.
D) is commonly found lining body cavities.
E) contracts.
61) A cell that forms fibrous connective tissue would be called a ________.
A) fibroclast
B) fibrocyte
C) fibroblast
D) fibroid
E) fibromast
62) Macrophages are cells specialized for ________.
A) support
B) absorption
C) secretion
D) phagocytosis
E) transport
63) Which type of cell has the potential to differentiate to form adult cell types?
A) Mast cell
B) Adipocyte
C) Osteoclast
D) Stem cell
E) Macrophage
64) Which type of cell phagocytizes foreign or injured cells and plays a major role in providing protection against infections?
A) Mast cell
B) Adipocyte
C) Osteoclast
D) Stem cell
E) Macrophage
65) Which type of cell releases chemicals in response to injury and plays an important role in inflammation?
A) Mast cell
B) Adipocyte
C) Osteoclast
D) Stem cell
E) Macrophage
66) Which type of cell contains large amounts of lipids?
A) Mast cell
B) Adipocyte
C) Osteoclast
D) Stem cell
E) Macrophage
67) Which type of cell breaks down bone tissue?
A) Mast cell
B) Adipocyte
C) Osteoclast
D) Stem cell
E) Macrophage
68) Blood cells are produced in hemopoietic tissue found in
A) yellow bone marrow.
B) brown bone marrow.
C) red bone marrow.
D) white bone marrow.
E) compact bone.
69) Which type of cell forms cartilage?
A) Osteoblast
B) Osteoclast
C) Osteocyte
D) Fibroblast
E) Chondroblast
70) Cells that maintain bone are called ________.
A) osteoblasts
B) osteoclasts
C) osteocytes
D) fibroblasts
E) chondroblasts
71) Which type of cell forms protein fibers in connective tissue proper?
A) Osteoblast
B) Osteoclast
C) Osteocyte
D) Fibroblast
E) Chondroblast
72) Cells that break down bone are called ________.
A) osteoblasts
B) osteoclasts
C) osteocytes
D) fibroblasts
E) chondroblasts
73) Which type of cell forms bone?
A) Osteoblast
B) Osteoclast
C) Osteocyte
D) Fibroblast
E) Chondroblast
74) The three types of protein fibers found in connective tissue are
A) hyaluronic acid, collagen, and reticular fibers.
B) proteoglycan, elastin, and reticular fibers.
C) collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers.
D) proteoglycan, elastin, and hyaluronic acid.
E) chondronectic, osteonectin, and fibronectin.
75) Collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers in connective tissues are all considered ________.
A) phospholipids
B) carbohydrates
C) adipose tissue
D) proteins
E) triglycerides
76) Which of the following statements concerning collagen is false?
A) Collagen is a common protein in the body.
B) Collagen is composed of collagen α-chains.
C) Collagen is strong and flexible.
D) Collagen is elastic and stretches.
E) There are at least 20 different types of collagen in the body.
77) A coiled fibrous protein in connective tissue that is stretchy is called ________.
A) a reticular fiber
B) proteoglycan
C) elastin
D) collagen
E) hyaluronic acid
78) The extracellular matrix of connective tissue contains ________.
A) adipose
B) plasma
C) serous fluid
D) synoval fluid
E) proteoglycans
79) A long, unbranched polysaccharide found in the extracellular matrix of connective tissue is ________.
A) proteoglycan
B) tropocollagen
C) hyaluronic acid
D) chondronectin
80) Which of the following is NOT an adhesive molecule found in the ground substance of connective tissue?
A) Fibronectin
B) Chondronectin
C) Chondroitin sulfate
D) Osteonectin
81) Hyaluronic acid gives a very slippery quality to fluids that contain it. Hyaluronic acid
A) resists stretching.
B) functions as an insulator.
C) is a good lubricant for joint cavities.
D) promotes oxygen transport in the plasma.
E) is a protein.
82) Which of the following matrix molecules tends to trap large quantities of water?
A) Collagen
B) Proteoglycan
C) Elastin
D) Hyaluronic acid
E) Reticular fibers
83) Proteoglycans trap large quantities of water, allowing them to assume their original shape after compression. Based on these characteristics, where are they most likely found in the body?
A) Neurons
B) Tendons
C) Muscles
D) Intervertebral discs
E) Bones
84) Which of the following molecules consists of numerous polysaccharides attached to a protein core?
A) Collagen
B) Proteoglycan
C) Elastin
D) Reticulin
E) Hyaluronic acid
85) Which of the following type of connective tissue is mismatched with its matrix?
A) Areolar – loosely packed matrix of protein fibers
B) Bone – mineralized matrix
C) Cartilage – highly vascular matrix
D) Blood – fluid matrix
E) Bone – highly vascular
86) An infant is born with a genetic defect that greatly reduces his production of brown fat. Which of the following will most likely apply to this infant?
A) The infant will have difficulty absorbing nutrients at the small intestine.
B) The infant will have difficulty regulating his body temperature.
C) The infant will have very stretchy tendons.
D) The infant will have reduced bone mass.
E) The infant will have difficulty breathing.
87) Connective tissue is separated into subgroups based on the
A) cell number.
B) shape of the cells.
C) number of cell layers.
D) protein types.
E) structure of the extracellular matrix.
88) Connective tissue in tendons is
A) dense regular collagenous tissue.
B) dense regular elastic tissue.
C) dense irregular collagenous tissue.
D) dense irregular elastic tissue.
E) reticular tissue.
89) Which of the following statements concerning connective tissue is true?
A) Areolar tissue is tightly packed.
B) Dense connective tissue has a fluid matrix.
C) Mast cells are found in abundance in dense connective tissue.
D) Collagen fibers provide strength to dense connective tissue.
E) Elastic tissue is flexible, but not stretchy.
90) Dense regular collagenous connective tissue would be found in
A) a nerve.
B) the brain.
C) a ligament.
D) a skull bone.
E) a lymph node.
91) Which of the following structures is likely to consist of dense irregular collagenous connective tissue?
A) Tendons
B) Cartilage
C) Elastic ligaments
D) Bone
E) Dermis of the skin
92) A tissue has the following characteristics: abundant extracellular matrix, abundant collagen fibers, collagen fibers mainly parallel to each other. Which of the following injuries results in damage to this kind of tissue?
A) Broken femur bone
B) Bullet penetrating the abdominal wall
C) Broken nose
D) Tear in the cartilage of the knee
E) Tear in the tissue that attaches the gastrocnemius muscle to bone
93) Reticular tissue is found in
A) muscles.
B) long bones.
C) lymphatic organs.
D) the intestinal lining.
E) nervous tissue.
94) Adipose tissue
A) functions as an insulator and a site of energy storage.
B) exists in three forms: yellow, red, and brown.
C) contains large amounts of extracellular matrix.
D) is composed of relatively small cells.
E) does not contain lipids.
95) Intervertebral discs exhibit a great deal of strength because of the presence of thick bundles of ________.
A) elastin
B) proteoglycan
C) collagen
D) hydroxyapatite
E) calcium
96) Cartilage heals slowly after an injury because
A) this tissue type is very complex.
B) it contains so much proteoglycan.
C) it has few, if any, blood vessels.
D) it is a dead, rather than a living, tissue.
E) it contains no fibroblasts.
97) The type of connective tissue that contains chondrocytes, a rigid matrix of collagen fibers and proteoglycan-hyaluronic acid aggregates and few, if any, blood vessels is ________.
A) cartilage
B) bone tissue
C) adipose tissue
D) fibrous connective tissue
E) muscle tissue
98) Which type of connective tissue is found in the external ears?
A) Hyaline cartilage
B) Fibrocartilage
C) Elastic cartilage
D) Dense irregular elastic tissue
E) Dense regular collagenous tissue
99) Which type of connective tissue is found between the vertebrae?
A) Hyaline cartilage
B) Fibrocartilage
C) Elastic cartilage
D) Dense irregular elastic tissue
E) Dense regular collagenous tissue
100) Which type of connective tissue forms most of the skeleton before it is replaced by bone?
A) Hyaline cartilage
B) Fibrocartilage
C) Elastic cartilage
D) Dense irregular elastic tissue
E) Dense regular collagenous tissue
101) Which type of connective tissue is found in tendons and ligaments?
A) Hyaline cartilage
B) Fibrocartilage
C) Elastic cartilage
D) Dense irregular elastic tissue
E) Dense regular collagenous tissue
102) Which type of connective tissue is found in the walls of large arteries?
A) Hyaline cartilage
B) Fibrocartilage
C) Elastic cartilage
D) Dense irregular elastic tissue
E) Dense regular collagenous tissue
103) Bone
A) contains dead cells.
B) is not rigid.
C) does not contain protein fibers.
D) has a rich blood supply.
E) is avascular.
104) Lamellae are characteristic of
A) compact bone tissue.
B) cancellous bone tissue.
C) spongy bone tissue.
D) hyaline cartilage.
E) fibrocartilage.
105) Which of the following is found in spongy bone but not compact bone?
A) Osteocytes in lacunae
B) Hydroxyapatite
C) Trabeculae
D) Collagen
E) Matrix
106) A tissue that has a fluid matrix is ________.
A) blood
B) adipose tissue
C) areolar tissue
D) cartilage
E) bone
107) Muscle tissue is characterized by its
A) strength.
B) durability.
C) contractility.
D) rigidity.
E) avascularity.
108) A muscle that is not consciously controlled and has a banded appearance would be described as
A) striated voluntary.
B) striated involuntary.
C) nonstriated voluntary.
D) nonstriated involuntary.
E) smooth voluntary.
109) Movement of food through the digestive tract results from the action of ________ muscle.
A) cardiac
B) smooth
C) skeletal
D) striated
E) voluntary
110) Which type of muscle is found in the wall of the digestive tract?
A) Skeletal muscle
B) Smooth muscle
C) Cardiac muscle
111) Which type of muscle is attached to bones?
A) Skeletal muscle
B) Smooth muscle
C) Cardiac muscle
112) Which type of muscle is found in the wall of the heart?
A) Skeletal muscle
B) Smooth muscle
C) Cardiac muscle
113) The type of muscle found in the walls of blood vessels is ________ muscle.
A) cardiac
B) smooth
C) striated
D) voluntary
E) skeletal
114) Which of the following is associated with nervous tissue?
A) Axon
B) Desmosome
C) Intercalated disc
D) Lacuna
E) Osteocyte
115) A pseudo-unipolar neuron is characterized by the presence of
A) one dendrite.
B) two dendrites.
C) three dendrites.
D) four dendrites.
E) no dendrites.
116) Which of the following is correctly matched with its description?
A) Neurons – supportive cells of the nervous system
B) Axons – conduct action potentials away from the cell body
C) Glia – the conducting cell of the nervous system
D) Dendrite – rapidly dividing cell
E) Axon – carry action potentials toward the cell body
117) The support and protection of neurons are provided by ________.
A) dendrites
B) ligaments
C) glia
D) neurons
E) axons
118) What type of process conducts nerve impulses toward the cell body?
A) Mesodermal process
B) Glial process
C) Membranous process
D) Dendrite
E) Axon
119) Support cells of the brain and spinal cord are called ________.
A) mesoderm
B) glia
C) neurons
D) fibroblasts
E) acinar
120) A thin layer of tissue that covers an organ or lines a cavity is a ________.
A) tendon
B) lamella
C) membrane
D) dendrite
E) mesentery
121) The type of membrane that lines freely movable joints is a ________ membrane.
A) serous
B) synovial
C) mucous
D) visceral
E) pleural
122) The type of membrane that protects internal organs from friction is a ________ membrane.
A) serous
B) synovial
C) mucous
D) partial
E) plasma
123) Which type of membrane does not open to the exterior, does not contain glands, but does secrete fluid?
A) Serous
B) Mucous
C) Synovial
D) Gobletal
E) Cutaneous
124) Which type of membrane lines cavities that open to the outside and often contains mucous glands?
A) Serous
B) Mucous
C) Synovial
D) Gobletal
E) Cutaneous
125) Which type of membrane lines joint cavities?
A) Serous
B) Mucous
C) Synovial
D) Gobletal
E) Cutaneous
126) In the inflammatory response, clotting proteins form a clot. This action
A) stimulates pain receptors.
B) increases the permeability of blood vessels.
C) walls off foreign particles and microbes.
D) produces edema.
E) phagocytizes microbes.
127) Which of the following occurs when the permeability of blood vessels increases during inflammation?
A) Removal of foreign material from the blood
B) Increased blood flow to the area
C) Redness and heat at the injury site
D) Migration of white blood cells to the site of injury
E) No change in osmotic balance between blood and tissues
128) Which of the following tissue change occurs when the permeability of blood vessels increases during inflammation?
A) Removal of foreign material from the blood
B) Increased blood flow to the area
C) Redness and heat at the injury site
D) No change in osmotic balance between blood and tissues
E) Edema
129) Which of the following occur as a result of inhibiting the release of chemical mediators of inflammation shortly after injury in a tissue?
(1) Stimulation of pain receptors
(2) Reduced stimulation of pain receptors
(3) Increased permeability of blood vessels
(4) Reduced permeability of blood vessels
(5) Edema
(6) Reduced redness
A) 1, 3, 5, 6
B) 2, 4, 5, 6
C) 1, 2, 5, 6
D) 2, 4, 6
E) 1, 2, 5
130) When Harry stepped on a nail, inflammation and infection were severe, but localized. Which of the following functions limited the size of the injured area to the greatest degree?
A) Swelling
B) Coagulation of plasma proteins
C) Vasodilation
D) Increased temperature
E) Loss of function
131) Which of the following are symptoms of inflammation?
A) Swelling, bleeding, and numbness
B) Heat, swelling, and blistering
C) Blistering, pain, and swelling
D) Pain, redness, and bleeding
E) Redness, heat, and pain
132) Which of the following statements concerning the process of tissue repair is false?
A) In regeneration, destroyed cells are replaced by the same type of cells.
B) In replacement, a new type of tissue develops that eventually results in scar production.
C) Labile cells cannot be replaced by the process of regeneration.
D) Stable cells do not actively replicate after growth but retain the ability to regenerate.
E) Permanent cells have a limited ability to replicate.
133) In the process of tissue repair, which of the events listed below occurs last?
A) The wound fills with blood and a clot forms.
B) Granulation tissue develops.
C) A scab forms to seal the wound.
D) An inflammatory response occurs.
E) Fibroblasts migrate to the area.
134) Suturing a large wound
A) allows healing by secondary union.
B) reduces risk of infection and helps to heal faster.
C) increases scar formation.
D) leads to wound contracture.
E) prevents scarring.
135) Which type of cell ingests bacteria?
A) Fibroblast
B) Chondrocyte
C) Neutrophil
D) Red blood cell
E) Mast cell
136) What is formed from granulation tissue?
A) Edema
B) Secondary union
C) Epithelial tissue
D) Scar
137) An accumulation of fluid in the tissue spaces is called ________.
A) edema
B) secondary union
C) a scab
D) granulation tissue
E) a scar
138) What occurs when wound edges are far apart?
A) Edema
B) Secondary union
C) Neutrophil inactivation
D) Granulation tissue
139) A delicate connective tissue composed of fibroblasts, collagen, and capillaries is called ________.
A) simple squamous epithelium
B) scab
C) injury seal
D) granulation tissue
E) scar
140) Which of the following is not characteristic of aging at the tissue level?
A) Arterial walls become less elastic.
B) Injuries heal rapidly and more completely in older people.
C) Connective tissue experience reduced flexibility and elasticity.
D) Atherosclerosis develops.
E) Rate of red blood cell synthesis declines.
141) This is a diagram of a multipolar neuron. What does "A" represent?
A) Nucleus of neuron
B) Dendrite
C) Cell body of neuron
D) Axon
E) Glia cells
142) This is a diagram of a multipolar neuron. What does "B" represent?
A) Nucleus of neuron
B) Dendrite
C) Cell body of neuron
D) Axon
E) Glia cells
143) This is a diagram of a multipolar neuron. What does "C" represent?
A) Nucleus of neuron
B) Dendrite
C) Cell body of neuron
D) Axon
E) Glia cells
144) This is a diagram of a multipolar neuron. What does "D" represent?
A) Nucleus of neuron
B) Dendrite
C) Cell body of neuron
D) Axon
E) Glia cells
145) This is a diagram of a multipolar neuron. What does "E" represent?
A) Nucleus of neuron
B) Dendrite
C) Cell body of neuron
D) Axon
E) Glia cells
146) This is a figure of a skin wound. What does "A" represent?
A) Dermis
B) Subcutaneous adipose tissue
C) Epidermis
D) Blood vessel
E) Blood clot
147) This is a figure of a skin wound. What does "B" represent?
A) Dermis
B) Subcutaneous adipose tissue
C) Epidermis
D) Blood vessel
E) Blood clot
148) This is a figure of a skin wound. What does "C" represent?
A) Dermis
B) Subcutaneous adipose tissue
C) Epidermis
D) Blood vessel
E) Blood clot
149) This is a figure of a skin wound. What does "D" represent?
A) Dermis
B) Subcutaneous adipose tissue
C) Epidermis
D) Blood vessel
E) Blood clot
150) This is a figure of a skin wound. What does "E" represent?
A) Dermis
B) Subcutaneous adipose tissue
C) Epidermis
D) Blood vessel
E) Blood clot
151) Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder associated with ________ tissue.
A) epithelial
B) connective
C) muscular
D) nervous
E) All choices are correct.
152) What is a malignant tumor derived from epithelial tissue?
A) Sarcoma
B) Lymphoma
C) Carcinoma
D) Melanoma
E) Both "Carcinoma" and "Sarcoma" are correct.
153) What is a malignant tumor derived from connective tissue?
A) Melanoma
B) Lymphoma
C) Sarcoma
D) Carcinoma
E) Both "Carcinoma" and "Sarcoma" are correct.
154) An aggregation of cells and extracellular materials which performs a discrete function is known as a/an ________.
A) organ
B) organelle
C) tissue
D) cell
155) A collection of specialized cells and extra-cellular substances around them is known as a/an ________.
A) organ
B) organelle
C) tissue
D) organism
156) The extracellular material of a tissue is called the ________.
A) connective tissue
B) matrix
C) ectoderm
D) cytoplasm
157) Which of the following terms correctly identifies the name of an embryonic germ layer?
A) Ectoderm
B) Exoderm
C) Epiderm
158) Identify the embryonic germ layers. (Check all that apply.)
A) Ectodem
B) Endoderm
C) Epiderm
D) Exoderm
E) Mesoderm
159) Because it forms covering and lining layers for body structures, ________ tissue has very little extracellular matrix.
A) epithelial
B) connective
C) muscle
D) nervous
160) Which type of tissue has little extracellular matrix because it forms covering and lining layers for body structures?
A) Epithelial
B) Connective
C) Muscle
D) Nervous
161) Indicate the class of tissue that is capable of regeneration, is avascular, and consists of cells that are bound to each other via specialized junctions.
A) Epithelial tissue
B) Connective tissue
C) Muscle tissue
D) Nervous tissue
162) What is the function of the basement membrane?
A) Adhere epithelial tissue to underlying connective tissue
B) Attach skin to underlying muscle tissue
C) Secrete mucus
D) House stem cells for new cell production
163) Indicate the functions that apply to epithelial tissue. (Check all that apply.)
A) Acting as a barrier
B) Connecting tissue to each other
C) Contraction in response to stimulation
D) Secretion of substances
164) True or False? The basal lamina is only one portion of the basement membrane, and it does not anchor the epithelium to the tissue below it.
165) True or False? Because epithelial tissue is highly vascular, it heals well.
166) Support, attachment of tissues, cushioning and protection are examples of functions for ________ tissue.
A) epithelial
B) connective
C) muscle
D) nervous
167) This type of tissue is composed of closely packed adipocytes and forms a protective cushion around organs, insulate the body, and serves as an energy reserve.
A) Adipose tissue
B) Areolar tissue
C) Loose connective tissue
D) Epidermal tissue
168) Which type of tissue attaches to the underlying muscles and supports the framework for body organs?
A) Adipose tissue
B) Areolar tissue
C) Reticular tissue
D) Epidermal tissue
169) Which of the following represent functions of connective tissue? (Check all the apply.)
A) Communication
B) Contraction
C) Cushioning
D) Secretion of substances
E) Enclosing organs
F) Insulating
G) Movement of body parts
170) Select all of the characteristics of connective tissue. (Check all that apply.)
A) Bind other tissues and organs together
B) Create new cells from other tissues
C) Involved in delivering nutrients to the tissue
D) Separate tissues from each other
171) Of the four primary classes of tissues, the tissue that consists of elongated fibers that are specialized to contract in response to stimulation is ________.
A) Epithelial tissue
B) Connective tissue
C) Muscle tissue
D) Nervous tissue
172) Muscular tissue consists of which type of cells or fibers?
A) Elongated fibers (cells) that are specialized to contract
B) Cells with multiple processes that are specialized to send electrical signals
C) Elongated fibers (cells) surrounded by abundant matrix
D) Spherical cells designed for storage
173) Select all examples that demonstrate how inflammation protects the body. (Check all that apply.)
A) Blood vessels become more permeable and allow white blood cells to move into damaged tissue more easily.
B) Clotting that occurs helps to isolate injurious agents.
C) During inflammation, blood vessels dilate, increasing the delivery of white blood cells to the area.
D) Inflammation allows for the formation of antibodies that will help fight infectious agents.
174) Which of the following are considered major manifestations of inflammation? (Check all that apply.)
A) Edema
B) Heat
C) Hemorrhage
D) Pain
E) Redness
175) A swollen, painful area of the skin that is also hot and red are symptoms that accompany which process?
A) Circulatory shock
B) Edema
C) Fever
D) Inflammation
176) Which two processes function in the repair of injured tissue?
A) Edema and clotting
B) Necrosis and atrophy
C) Regeneration and replacement
D) Edema and regeneration
E) Necrosis and replacement
177) In ________, the new cells are the same type as those that were destroyed.
A) Regeneration
B) Replacement
C) Necrosis
178) Select the processes that result in the repair of injured tissue. (Check all that apply.)
A) Atrophy
B) Clotting
C) Edema
D) Necrosis
E) Regeneration
F) Replacement
179) Granulation tissue is a delicate, granular-appearing connective tissue that consists of which of the following? (Check all that apply.)
A) Fibroblasts
B) Collagen
C) Capillaries
D) Epithelial tissue
180) What is a scar?
A) A large amount of granulation tissue converted to dense irregular collagenous connective tissue during tissue repair
B) The product of the drying out of a blood clot that occurs during primary union
C) Necrotic tissue that is avascular and consists of a mixture of dead cells and fluid
181) True or False? Dense irregular collagenous connective tissue that forms during tissue repair is called granulation tissue.
182) The connective tissue of ________ adults is less elastic and less flexible.
A) younger
B) older
183) Which of the following occur due to changes in the cells, extracellular materials, and tissues in older adults? (Check all that apply.)
A) Loss of elasticity of connective tissue
B) Loss of flexibility of connective tissue
C) Increase of neurons
D) Increase of muscle cells
E) Increase in collagen fibers
184) True or False? Plasma cells produce the ground substance that forms the matrix of connective tissues.
185) True or False? The duct of an endocrine gland leads into the bloodstream rather than onto an epithelial surface.
186) ________ epithelium is the most widespread epithelium in the body, whereas ________ epithelium is rare.
A) Simple columnar; stratified columnar
B) Stratified squamous; stratified columnar
C) Pseudostratified; stratified squamous
D) Simple cuboidal; stratified squamous
E) Stratified squamous; simple squamous
187) ________ epithelium is associated with rapid transport of substances through a membrane, whereas ________ epithelium is associated with resistance to abrasion.
A) Simple columnar; transitional
B) Simple squamous; stratified squamous
C) Simple cuboidal; pseudostratified
D) Pseudostratified; simple squamous
E) Pseudostratified; simple cuboidal
188) Which of the following is not a feature that almost all connective tissues have in common?
A) Most cells are not in direct contact with each other.
B) Ground substance is so scarce that it is not visible with a light microscope.
C) Cells usually occupy less space than the extracellular material.
D) Protein fibers are usually present in the ground substance.
E) Most connective tissues are highly vascular.
189) An example of a highly vascular tissue is ________ tissue. An example of a tissue that is not highly vascular is ________.
A) epithelial; cartilage
B) muscular; osseous tissue
C) dense regular connective; dense irregular connective tissue
D) areolar; cartilage
E) nervous; osseous tissue
190) Which of the following is not a feature that connective tissues have in common?
A) Very conspicuous fibers
B) The presence of fibroblasts
C) The presence of collagen
D) Ground substance with a gelatinous to rubbery consistency
E) A calcified matrix
191) Marfan syndrome is a hereditary defect of elastin fibers. People with this syndrome have ________.
A) hyperextensible joints
B) a small cranium
C) elastic bones
D) stronger bones
E) viscous blood
192) Which of the following does not account for the gelatinous consistency of connective tissue ground substance?
A) Glycosaminoglycans
B) Proteoglycans
C) Chondroitin sulfate
D) Hyaluronic acid
E) Collagen
193) Collagenous fibers are very abundant in ________.
A) blood and hyaline cartilage
B) blood, adipose tissue, and osseous tissue
C) ligaments, bones, and the most superficial portion of the skin
D) tendons, ligaments, and the deeper portion of the skin
E) areolar tissue, tongue, and bones
194) Fibroblasts and protein fibers are associated with both ________ and ________.
A) dense regular; dense irregular connective tissues
B) plasma; formed elements
C) elastic cartilage; hyaline cartilage
D) spongy bone; compact (dense) bone
E) adipose tissue; reticular tissue
195) ________ exhibits a lot of apparently empty space, and is found in many serous membranes.
A) Blood
B) Areolar tissue
C) Osseous tissue
D) Dense irregular connective tissue
E) Adipose tissue
196) Astronauts in zero gravity are able to move food through their digestive tracts because
A) smooth muscle produces waves of contractions that propel material through the digestive tract.
B) skeletal muscle puts pressure on the digestive tract.
C) cardiac muscle maintains a high pressure that moves material through the digestive tract.
D) striated muscle creates a pressure gradient that forces material from one end of the digestive tract to the other.
E) skeletal muscle sphincters contract and allow materials to move through the digestive tract.
197) A connective tissue fiber refers to a(n) ________ and a muscle fiber refers to a/an ________.
A) entire cell; tissue
B) entire cell; part of a cell
C) entire cell; complex of macromolecules
D) complex of macromolecules; part of a cell
E) complex of macromolecules; entire cell
198) In the intestine, ________ ensure(s) that most digested nutrients pass through the epithelial cells and not between them.
A) the plasma membrane
B) desmosomes
C) tight junctions
D) gap (communicating) junctions
E) ground substance
199) The membrane that lines the digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts consists of
A) simple squamous epithelium and dense irregular connective tissue
B) areolar and dense irregular connective tissue
C) epithelium and lamina propria
D) areolar tissue and lamina propria
E) simple squamous epithelium and areolar tissue
200) The pseudostratified columnar epithelium of the bronchi in smokers may transform into stratified squamous epithelium. This is an example of ________.
A) regeneration
B) replacement
C) atrophy
D) differentiation
E) hyperplasia
201) If mesenchymal cells experience mutation during development, which of the following structures is most likely affected by the mutation?
A) Bones
B) Cartilage
C) Tendons
D) All of the choices are correct.
202) A tissue sample has the following components: calcified matrix, collagen, and fibroblasts. Sandy has identified it as bone, but her instructor stated that was incorrect. Which statements below should her instructor use to explain the error?
A) Bone tissue would have osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes present.
B) Bone tissue has elastin fibers, not collagen fibers.
C) Fibroblasts are only present in cartilage tissue.
D) Calcified matrix is a characteristic of cartilage not bone tissue.
203) Which of the following statements accurately represents labile cells?
A) Labile cells are important to the body, providing a source for new cells to replace those that are damaged.
B) Labile cells, such as neurons, have a very limited ability to divide.
C) Labile cells are only found in the hemopoietic tissue of red bone marrow.
D) Labile cells are eliminated from the body after birth of the fetus.
204) Joshua has had a portion of his liver removed. His physician is confident that Joshua will improve because the liver will regenerate. How is this possible?
A) Stabile cells of the liver are able to divide and replace the removed liver tissue.
B) Permanent cells of the liver are able to divide and replace the removed liver tissue.
C) New cells are not formed; the remaining tissue just spreads out, filling the newly formed space.
D) Neurons associated with the liver differentiate into liver cells to replace the missing tissue.
205) Students were asked to identify the type of muscle tissue that makes up the arrector pili, a structure that moves the hair relative to the skin. Which of the following correctly identified the muscle tissue type?
A) David stated that it is smooth muscle, eliminating cardiac muscle because the tissue is not located in the heart and skeletal muscle because it is not under voluntary control.
B) Sally stated that it is cardiac muscle, eliminating smooth muscle because it is not associated with blood vessels and skeletal muscle because it is not attached to bones.
C) Hannah stated that it is skeletal muscle, eliminating cardiac muscle because it is not located in the heart and smooth muscle because it is not part of blood vessels.
206) A tissue functions to provide protection for an exposed surface. This tissue is most likely ________.
A) simple squamous epithelial tissue
B) stratified squamous epithelial tissue
C) fibrous connective tissue
D) transitional epithelial tissue
207) A tissue sample has the following characteristics: large cells with many processes, one which is very long; smaller cells scattered amongst the larger cells. Which of the following statements accurately identifies the tissue?
A) The tissue is nervous tissue. The large cells are neurons with dendrites and a long axon, and the smaller cells are glia.
B) The tissue is dense irregular connective elastic tissue. The large cells are fibroblasts with attached collagen fibers, and the smaller cells are glia.
C) The tissue is nervous tissue. The large cells are fibroblasts with dendrites and collagen fibers, and the smaller cells are squamous cells.
D) The tissue is dense regular connective tissue. The large cells are neurons with dendrites and a long axon, and the smaller cells are fibroblasts.
208) Nicholas has been diagnosed with a condition resulting from inflammation of tissue associated with his lungs. Which statement best clarifies the condition?
A) Nicholas has inflammation of the pleura, the serous membranes associated with the lungs.
B) Nicholas has inflammation of the mucous membranes associated with the lungs.
C) Nicholas has inflammation of the peritoneum, the synovial membrane associated with the lungs.
D) Nicholas has inflammation of the cutaneous membrane associated with the lungs.
209) A glandular secretion has been analyzed and indicates the presence of cytoplasmic components that include DNA and nuclear proteins. This indicates ________ mode of secretion.
A) holocrine
B) merocrine
C) autocrine
D) eccrine
210) Which of the following is an example of labile cells?
A) Hemocytoblasts are cells that divide and give rise to multiple types of blood cells.
B) Liver cells have the ability to divide and give rise to other liver cells.
C) Skeletal muscle fibers increase in size by adding more cytoplasmic components.
D) Both "hemocytoblasts are cells that divide and give rise to multiple types of blood cells" and "liver cells have the ability to divide and give rise to other liver cells" are correct.
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Connected Book
Seeley’s Anatomy and Physiology 12e Complete Test Bank
By Cinnamon VanPutte