Chapter 11: Retirement

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. Which of the following Acts first addressed the need of providing disability benefits for disabled workers?

A. Social Security

B. Railroad Retirement

C. Labor Management Relations

D. Age Discrimination in Employment

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Defining Retirement and Legislative Background

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Which legislation makes it illegal to discriminate against employees based on age?

A. Social Security

B. Railroad Retirement

C. Labor Management Relations

D. Age Discrimination in Employment

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Defining Retirement and Legislative Background

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Mandatory retirement was ______.

A. a strategy to recruit individuals that were highly retainable

B. a tool used to remove older workers and replace them with younger workers

C. a way to keep the workplace safe due to the problems with other adult’s cognitive functioning declines

D. legal until 1994

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Defining Retirement and Legislative Background

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. The Industrial Revolution ______.

A. highlighted potential skill obsolescence

B. included slow changes in manufacturing

C. reduced the use of mandatory retirement

D. did not impact older workers

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Defining Retirement and Legislative Background

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. All of the following are historical factors that impact retirement trends EXCEPT ______.

A. the economy

B. the diversity of retirees

C. financial resources

D. marital satisfaction

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Defining Retirement and Legislative Background

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. Older adults who have more financial resources or greater pension funds may ______.

A. have greater flexibility in deciding when to retire

B. have greater jobs satisfaction

C. need to continually reevaluate their resources

D. make poorer financial decisions related to retirement

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Defining Retirement and Legislative Background

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. Women who are unable to retire because of a disrupted workforce pattern and wage gap reflects ______.

A. the diversity of retirees

B. gender equality

C. the superwoman phenomenon

D. the feminization of poverty

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Diversity of Retirees

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. Shelia is a female who cares for her 14-year-old twin daughters and her aging father. She makes less than her male counterparts. This best highlights ______.

A. feminization of poverty

B. the sandwich generation

C. lack of financial security

D. career work–life extension

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Sandwich Generation

Difficulty Level: Hard

9. The differences in time in retirement depends on all of the following EXCEPT ______.

A. financial resources

B. socioeconomic status

C. personal longevity

D. type of white-collar work

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Education and Access to Informational Resources

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Education impacts the experience of retirement by ______.

A. impacting the accumulated financial resources over time

B. reducing the range of career choices

C. leading to blue-collar jobs

D. resulting in a less favorable retirement situation

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Education and Access to Informational Resources

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. Of all of the factors, one of the most influential determinants of when a person decides to retire is ______.

A. health factors

B. financial factors

C. their attitude toward the experience

D. educational experience

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Concepts/Theories Explaining Retirement Motivation

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. Someone who decides to retire because they are excited to spend more time with grandchildren would be an example of a(n) ______ factor.

A. pull

B. push

C. extraneous

D. intrinsic

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Concepts/Theories Explaining Retirement Motivation

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. Mr. Woo decided to work a part-time job as a cashier after retiring from working for several years as an IT consultant. This is a good example of ______ retirement.

A. leisure seeking

B. gap management

C. gliding out

D. bridge

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Types of Retirement Options and Associated Experiences

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. Preretirement planning programs might offer ______.

A. a shifting of attitudes related to retirement

B. activation of mental health resources

C. counseling related to legal plans

D. training in investing in the stock market

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Preretirement Attitudes and Retirement Preparation

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. Individuals who have a higher education tend to ______ preretirement planning compared to those with less education.

A. have similar

B. engage in less

C. engage in more

D. not engage in

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Preretirement Attitudes and Retirement Preparation

Difficulty Level: Medium

16. Positive outcomes of retirement might include ______.

A. exploring a new hobby

B. increased stress

C. financial strain

D. increased loneliness

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Outcomes From Retirement: Short- and Long-Term Effects

Difficulty Level: Easy

17. After leaving the workforce, most retirees ______.

A. are satisfied with their decision

B. are unsatisfied with their decision

C. need to return due to financial concerns

D. experience high emotional instability

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Outcomes From Retirement: Short- and Long-Term Effects

Difficulty Level: Easy

18. Continuity Theory examines ______.

A. the higher rates of depression among retirees

B. why some retirees can adjust better to loss of work

C. the challenges of ageism in the workplace

D. how social supports impact involuntary retirement

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Outcomes From Retirement: Short- and Long-Term Effects

Difficulty Level: Easy

19. 19. Which of the following is not one of the profiles identified by Chevalier et al. (2018)?

A. eager to retire

B. ambivalent

C. anxious-ambivalent

D. reluctant

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Concepts/Theories Explaining Retirement Motivation

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. Reverse retirement refers to ______.

A. push and pull factors

B. interpersonal factors that relate to retirement adjustment

C. reentering the workforce after retirement

D. making a career change

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Concepts/Theories Explaining Retirement Motivation
Difficulty Level: Easy

True/False

1. Thomas Payne attempted to avoid later-life poverty by proposing an inheritance tax.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Defining Retirement and Legislative Background

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. The retirement and pension system has been heavily shaped by the support of military soldiers.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Defining Retirement and Legislative Background

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. The Social Security Act originally identified that age 65 was the normative requirement for retirement age.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Defining Retirement and Legislative Background

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. The Age Discrimination in Employment Act extended the focus of the Revenue Act of 1942.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Defining Retirement and Legislative Background

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. The sandwich generation include aging Baby Boomers who have to care for older and younger generations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sandwich Generation

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. Societal ideas of what it means to be a baby boomer retiree are often realistic.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Education and Access to Informational Resources

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. Retirement trends have been studied through use of social observation, case studies, interviews, and focus groups.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Education and Access to Informational Resources

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. Affordability of being retired for an extended period is unrelated to retirement decisions.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Education and Access to Informational Resources

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. One identified type of retirement thought includes contemplation about when it is best to exist from a long-term job.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Concepts/Theories Explaining Retirement Motivation

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Those with higher level occupations may experience lower degrees of job satisfaction.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Concepts/Theories Explaining Retirement Motivation

Difficulty Level: Medium

Short Answer

1. What was the Older Workers Benefit Protection Act?

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Defining Retirement and Legislative Background

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. What is the difference between work identity and retirement identity?

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Education and Access to Informational Resources

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. What are two profiles for motivation to retire as identified by Chevalier et al. (2018)?

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Concepts/Theories Explaining Retirement Motivation

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. What are two examples of leisure activity engagement as it relates to retirement?

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Outcomes From Retirement: Short- and Long-Term Effects

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. What does it mean to “age in place?”

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Outcomes From Retirement: Short- and Long-Term Effects

Difficulty Level: Medium

Essay

1. Describe the impact of the Industrial Revolution on retirement in the United States.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Defining Retirement and Legislative Background

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. What is the difference between a push and a pull factor in relation to retirement? Provide examples.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Concepts/Theories Explaining Retirement Motivation

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. What is involuntary retirement, and how might it impact an individual?

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Health Factors and Gender Differences: Retirement Timing

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. How might gender patterns and expectations influence retirement?

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Health Factors and Gender Differences: Retirement Timing

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Describe the positive and negative aspects of retirement on an individual.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Outcomes From Retirement: Short- and Long-Term Effects

Difficulty Level: Medium