Chapter 9: Socialization and the Family

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. The process of social learning and adaptation at macro and micro levels in society refers to ______?

A. community nesting

B. socialization

C. dynamic ecosystems

D. mesosystem

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Defining Socialization in Adulthood

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. A person who is a CEO of a company would have a(n) ______ role.

A. institutional

B. informal

C. tenuous

D. mid-level

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Defining Socialization in Adulthood

Difficulty Level: Hard

3. Mr. Chatters is known as the neighborhood gossip and acts accordingly. He holds a(n) ______ role.

A. institutional

B. informal

C. tenuous

D. mid-level

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Defining Socialization in Adulthood

Difficulty Level: Hard

4. Which of the following is most important to the formation of social roles in one’s life?

A. social messages

B. having psychological buffers

C. convoys

D. educational background

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Defining Socialization in Adulthood

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Women may feel compelled to take on caregiving roles without the available social support, and this can result in distress. This highlights ______.

A. the lack of resilience among women

B. the minimal role of socialization in aging

C. society’s acceptance of both genders

D. the impact of gender-appropriate norms across adulthood

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Defining Socialization in Adulthood

Difficulty Level: Hard

6. Research on interpersonal relationships in adulthood has suggested ______.

A. relationships are more positive in later life

B. emotional closeness with close friends decreases with age

C. filial relationships are not as relevant in later life

D. older adults are unable to engage in social relationships

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Interpersonal Relationships in Adulthood

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. An individual that avoids making future attachments might be best characterized as having a(n) ______ attachment style.

A. secure

B. vertical

C. ambivalent

D. avoidant

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Interpersonal Relationships in Adulthood

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. College students who develop relationships with other college students is an example of ______ attachment.

A. ambivalent

B. horizontal

C. vertical

D. secure

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Interpersonal Relationships in Adulthood

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. We tend to select long-term partners who ______.

A. fit in with the adage, “opposites attract”

B. have the most physical or material wealth

C. we are most physically attracted to

D. reinforce our own beliefs and values

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Partner Selection and Marriage

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Compared to men, women ______.

A. are better able to join social organizations for support

B. have worse health outcomes due to divorce and widowhood

C. are no different in the pattern of impact following a divorce

D. do not experience gender socialization

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Partner Selection and Marriage

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. Being ______ is associated with higher mortality.

A. married

B. in a cohabitating arrangement

C. divorced

D. partnered

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Partner Selection and Marriage

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. Service providers of adults who are part of LGBTQ communities might consider ______.

A. education and how to create “safe spaces”

B. nothing, there are no special considerations of the LGBTQ community

C. the impact that privilege has improved outcomes of this community

D. care for this population, due to their extended life span

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: LGBTQ Relationships

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. Qualitative research by Reczek (2014) has suggested that there are four fundamental ways to foster bonds between the child and the aging gay or lesbian parent. They include ______.

A. rejections in everyday life

B. threat of being usurped

C. traumatic events

D. affirmations

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: LGBTQ Relationships

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. Marital satisfaction depends on all of the following EXCEPT ______.

A. quality of communication patterns

B. conflict resolution

C. lack of support

D. pleasurable interactions

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Relationship Satisfaction

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. The strongest predictor of marital satisfaction is ______.

A. pleasurable interactions

B. conflict resolution

C. dyadic coping

D. financial well-being

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Relationship Satisfaction

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. Relationship satisfaction tends to ______ with advancing age.

A. steadily increase

B. steadily decrease

C. remain the same

D. sharply increase

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Relationship Satisfaction

Difficulty Level: Easy

17. Annelise has maintained a relationship with her ex-husband’s siblings and even plans to visit for them for the holidays. This is an example of ______.

A. kin retention

B. kin loss

C. kin exchange

D. nonkin conversion

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Defining Family in Later Life: Biological and Nonbiological Ties

Difficulty Level: Hard

18. Research supports ______.

A. it is better to stay together as a family, despite significant conflict

B. the idea that a single-parent household is better than a conflictual one

C. out-of-wedlock pregnancies are less common than ten years ago

D. women who are single mothers are worse off

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Structural Changes and Adaptations: Divorce, Remarriage, and Blended Forms

Difficulty Level: Easy

19. People who ultimately remarry report ______ disagreements, and they are ______ likely to divorce again.

A. more; more

B. more; less

C. fewer; more

D. fewer; less

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Structural Changes and Adaptations: Divorce, Remarriage, and Blended Forms

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. The average number of years of being in a grandparenting role for an adult in the United States is ______ years.

A. 18

B. 25

C. 35

D. 38

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Grandparenting and Second Parenthood

Difficulty Level: Easy

True/False

1. Individuals have patterns of being more selective in choosing social interactions as they age.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Interpersonal Relationships in Adulthood

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. People tend to make partnership selection based on similarities.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Partner Selection and Marriage

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. Erikson believed that individuals seek out intimacy at approximately 18–35 years of age.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Partner Selection and Marriage

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Caregivers who had higher relationship satisfaction prior to caregiving show greater negative reactivity to caregiving difficulties.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Relationship Satisfaction

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Some argue that one’s family may have the longest lasting impact on socialization over time.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Family Relationships

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. LGBTQ individuals do not usually experience differential treatment and show no differences in the construction of social support networks compared to other populations.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Defining Family in Later Life: Biological and Nonbiological Ties

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. More women are the heads of single-parent households.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Structural Changes and Adaptations: Divorce, Remarriage, and Blended Forms

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. Another term for custodial grandparents is duplicate parenthood.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Grandparenting and Second Parenthood

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. Social withdrawal is not a normative expectation in later life.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Social Networking and the Use of Social Media

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Older adults tend to have larger online friend networks, which include mostly non-online social connections.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Social Networking and the Use of Social Media

Difficulty Level: Easy

Short Answer

1. What are two types of family experiences described by Allen and Roberto (2016)?

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: LGBTQ Relationships

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Provide an example of a blended family.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: Structural Changes and Adaptations: Divorce, Remarriage, and Blended Forms

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. What is the impact of social engagement on physical health and capacity in later adulthood?

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Social Networking and the Use of Social Media

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. What is kin promotion and provide an example.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Defining Family in Later Life: Biological and Nonbiological Ties

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. What are two factors that impact marital satisfaction?

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Relationship Satisfaction

Difficulty Level: Easy

Essay

1. Describe some of the benefits of partnership and how this differs by gender.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Partner Selection and Marriage

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. How does gender role identity impact adjustment throughout aging? What might be done about it?

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Socializing Effects of Age (Cohort), Gender, and Culture

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. Describe the different attachment styles and how it might relate to relationship development across the life span.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Interpersonal Relationships in Adulthood

Difficulty Level: Medium

4. What are some common effects of divorce?

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Structural Changes and Adaptations: Divorce, Remarriage, and Blended Forms

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Compare and contrast the four basic forms of families and the associated demographic trends.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Structural Changes and Adaptations: Divorce, Remarriage, and Blended Forms

Difficulty Level: Medium