Pomerantz Ch.13 Complete Test Bank Humanistic Psychotherapy - Clinical Psychology Diversity 5e Test Bank by Andrew M. Pomerantz. DOCX document preview.
Chapter 13: Humanistic Psychotherapy
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. ______ is a pioneer of the humanistic approach to psychotherapy.
A. Sigmund Freud
B. B. F. Skinner
C. Donald Meichenbaum
D. Carl Rogers
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Humanistic Psychotherapy
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. Freud is to ______ as Maslow is to ______.
A. behavioral; cognitive
B. cognitive; behavioral
C. psychodynamic; humanistic
D. humanistic; psychodynamic
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Humanistic Psychotherapy
Difficulty Level: Medium
3. Abraham Maslow is most closely associated with the ______ approach to psychotherapy.
A. humanistic
B. psychodynamic
C. behavioral
D. cognitive
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Humanistic Psychotherapy
Difficulty Level: Easy
4. Humanistic psychotherapists believe that individuals are born with a tendency toward healthy growth. The term that best describes this tendency is ______.
A. transference
B. insight
C. self-actualization
D. unconditional positive regard
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Humanistic Concepts: Clinical Implications
Difficulty Level: Medium
5. Ronald’s parents inform him that they will only pay his college tuition and support his professional ambitions if he enters the profession of medicine, law, or engineering. What would a humanistic psychotherapist say Ronald’s parents are doing in this scenario?
A. identifying Ronald’s real self
B. identifying Ronald’s ideal self
C. placing conditions of worth on Ronald
D. placing congruence on Ronald
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Humanistic Concepts: Clinical Implications
Difficulty Level: Medium
6. The primary goal of humanistic psychotherapy is ______.
A. to foster self-actualization
B. to make the unconscious conscious
C. rational, logical thought
D. behavior change using operant and classical conditioning techniques
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Goal of Humanistic Psychotherapy
Difficulty Level: Easy
7. ______, according to humanists, is essentially the warmth, love, and acceptance of those around us.
A. Reflection
B. Genuineness
C. Positive regard
D. Congruence
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Humanistic Concepts: Clinical Implications
Difficulty Level: Easy
8. According to Rogers, the term ______ is synonymous with positive regard.
A. reflection
B. prizing
C. self-actualization
D. gestalt
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Humanistic Concepts: Clinical Implications
Difficulty Level: Medium
9. Jill is a 13-year-old girl whose mother loves her “no matter what.” According to humanistic psychotherapists, Jill’s mother ______.
A. has placed excessive conditions of worth on her daughter
B. has provided her daughter with conditional positive regard
C. is moving Jill’s real and ideal selves further apart
D. is providing unconditional positive regard
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Goal of Humanistic Psychotherapy
Difficulty Level: Medium
10. According to the humanistic approach, ______ is the root of psychopathology.
A. reflection
B. incongruence
C. fixation
D. negative self-regard
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Goal of Humanistic Psychotherapy
Difficulty Level: Medium
11. An individual’s ______ is how the person actually is at present; the ______ is what a person could be if he or she fulfilled his or her potential.
A. actual self; fulfilled self
B. fulfilled self; actual self
C. real self; ideal self
D. ideal self; real self
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Goal of Humanistic Psychotherapy
Difficulty Level: Medium
12. According to the humanistic approach, psychological health is enhanced by ______.
A. a match between the real self and the ideal self
B. conditional positive regard
C. conditional positive self-regard
D. incongruence
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Goal of Humanistic Psychotherapy
Difficulty Level: Medium
13. According to the humanistic approach, conditional positive regard from others brings forth ______.
A. reflection
B. conditional positive self-regard
C. genuineness
D. self-actualization
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Goal of Humanistic Psychotherapy
Difficulty Level: Medium
14. Which of the following approaches to psychotherapy places the strongest emphasis on empathy provided by the therapist?
A. cognitive
B. psychoanalytic
C. humanistic
D. behavioral
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Empathy
Difficulty Level: Medium
15. According to the humanistic approach, there are three essential therapeutic conditions that characterize successful therapist–client relationships. ______ is among these three essential therapeutic conditions.
A. Empathy
B. Conditional positive regard
C. Interpretation
D. Transference
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Empathy
Difficulty Level: Medium
16. According to the humanistic approach, it is important for the therapist to communicate ______ to the client, which is described as the ability to sense the client’s emotions compassionately and without judgment.
A. genuineness
B. congruence
C. empathy
D. conditions of worth
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Empathy
Difficulty Level: Medium
17. The quality of ______ describes a match between a therapist’s real and ideal selves.
A. genuineness
B. congruence
C. empathy
D. conditional worth
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Genuineness
Difficulty Level: Medium
18. Recalling the plant metaphor from the textbook, a sun shining sunlight on all angles of a plant is analogous to ______.
A. conditions of worth
B. the ideal self
C. the real self
D. unconditional positive regard
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Unconditional Positive Regard
Difficulty Level: Medium
19. Which of the following best describes genuineness as it is understood and applied by humanistic psychotherapists?
A. a client reporting honestly to a therapist about the client’s activities since the previous session
B. a therapist’s true feelings of empathy and prizing toward a client
C. a therapist prizing a client “no matter what”
D. a therapist accurately recognizing a client’s emotional state even when the client has not stated it explicitly
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Genuineness
Difficulty Level: Medium
20. According to Carl Rogers, the three essential therapeutic conditions were ______ for psychotherapy to be successful with any client.
A. necessary and sufficient
B. sufficient, but not necessary
C. necessary, but not sufficient
D. neither necessary nor sufficient
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Necessary and Sufficient?
Difficulty Level: Medium
21. Empathy, unconditional positive regard, and genuineness ______.
A. are Maslow’s three necessary and sufficient conditions for therapy
B. do not appear to be common factors
C. contribute little to the success of humanistic therapy
D. foster a client’s self-healing
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Elements of Humanistic Psychotherapy
Difficulty Level: Hard
22. According to Carl Rogers, the therapist’s ______ determine(s) the success of therapy.
A. mastery of the techniques of interpreting the client's transference
B. ability to reflect the client's emotions
C. skill in applying positive reinforcement
D. attitude toward the client
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Therapist Attitudes, Not Behaviors
Difficulty Level: Medium
23. In humanistic psychotherapy, ______ takes place when a therapist responds to a client by rephrasing or restating the client's statements in a way that highlights the client's feelings or emotions.
A. emotional transference
B. reflection
C. congruence
D. countertransference
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Reflection: An Important Therapist Response
Difficulty Level: Easy
24. Rollo May, Victor Frankl, and Irvin Yalom are most closely associated with ______ psychotherapy.
A. psychodynamic
B. existential
C. behavioral
D. gestalt
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Historical Alternatives
Difficulty Level: Hard
25. ______ was founded by Fritz Perls, and it emphasizes a holistic approach to enhancing the client’s experience.
A. Gestalt therapy
B. Motivational interviewing
C. Psychoanalysis
D. Existential therapy
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Historical Alternatives
Difficulty Level: Hard
26. ______, developed by William Miller, is a contemporary application of the principles of humanism.
A. Existential psychotherapy
B. Quality of life therapy
C. Motivational interviewing
D. Behavioral consultation
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Motivational Interviewing
Difficulty Level: Medium
27. Of the following therapies based on humanistic principles, which has accumulated the most empirical evidence for its efficacy in recent decades?
A. Gestalt therapy
B. motivational interviewing
C. psychoanalysis
D. existential therapy
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Motivational Interviewing
Difficulty Level: Medium
28. Rollo’s therapist is applying a technique in which he emphasizes how Rollo’s behavior is inconsistent with his goals and values. Rollo’s therapist is likely using which of the following techniques?
A. Gestalt therapy
B. psychoanalysis
C. motivational interviewing
D. interpersonal psychotherapy
Cognitive Domain: Application
Answer Location: Motivational Interviewing
Difficulty Level: Medium
29. Which of the following statements about positive psychology is NOT true?
A. It emerged in the 1990s under the leadership of Martin Seligman.
B. It emphasizes human strengths rather than pathology.
C. It acknowledges the inherent potential of individuals to develop and maintain positive attitudes.
D. It considers a client’s strengths, but not their weaknesses.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Positive Interventions and Strength-Based Counseling
Difficulty Level: Hard
30. Sometimes, clients will argue in favor of continuing with the problem behavior rather than stopping or replacing it. According to the motivational interview approach to therapy, this client behavior is labeled ______.
A. rolling with resistance
B. change talk
C. sustain talk
D. developing the discrepancy
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Motivational Interviewing
Difficulty Level: Medium
31. ______ is a short-term humanistic therapy that emphasizes the expression, acknowledgment, and healing power of emotions in the present moment.
A. Gestalt therapy
B. Emotionally focused therapy
C. Congruence therapy
D. Genuineness therapy
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Emotionally Focused Therapy
Difficulty Level: Medium
31. Empirical examinations of humanistic therapy ______.
A. have determined that it is universally ineffective
B. discovered that its main elements--empathy, positive regard, and genuineness--play an important role in therapy success
C. found that humanistic techniques only work when used by therapists who identify as humanists
D. do not exist in the psychotherapy literature
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: How Well Does It Work?
Difficulty Level: Medium
Short Answer
1. Who is the most prominent pioneer of humanistic therapy?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Humanistic Psychotherapy
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. When an individual’s real and ideal selves are different, the individual is experiencing ______.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Goal of Humanistic Psychotherapy
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. List the three key elements of humanistic therapy.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Elements of Humanistic Psychotherapy
Difficulty Level: Easy
4. ______ takes place when a humanistic therapist responds to a client by rephrasing or restating the client’s statements in a way that highlights the client’s feelings or emotions.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Reflection: An Important Therapist Response
Difficulty Level: Easy
5. What technique was developed by William Miller and was originally used to treat behaviors such as substance abuse?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Alternatives to Humanism
Difficulty Level: Easy
6. Who is the primary leader of the positive psychology movement?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Alternatives to Humanism
Difficulty Level: Easy
7. What is the name of the therapy that is derived from the positive psychology movement?
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Alternatives to Humanism
Difficulty Level: Easy
8. ______ is an approach to therapy centered on the premise that each person is essentially alone in the world and that this realization can overwhelm us with anxiety.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Alternatives to Humanism
Difficulty Level: Easy
Essay
1. Explain the relationship among the humanistic concepts of real self, ideal self, self-actualization, and conditions of worth.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Goal of Humanistic Psychotherapy
Difficulty Level: Easy
2. Briefly summarize the three essential therapeutic conditions according to humanistic psychotherapy.
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Elements of Humanistic Psychotherapy
Difficulty Level: Easy
3. Name three of the six central principles of motivational interviewing.
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Answer Location: Alternatives to Humanism
Difficulty Level: Easy
4. Briefly describe positive psychology. What does it emphasize? What is the name of the therapy derived from the positive psychology movement?
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Answer Location: Humanistic Psychotherapy
Difficulty Level: Easy