Photosynthesis Exam Prep Chapter 5

Biology: The Essentials, 3e (Hoefnagels)

Chapter 5 Photosynthesis

1) Of the following organisms, which one does not use photosynthesis to convert CO2 and water into glucose?

A) algae

B) oak trees

C) humans

D) some bacteria

E) a flowering plant

2) Photosynthesis

A) is not dependent on chlorophyll.

B) does not involve oxidation-reduction reactions.

C) produces water and carbon dioxide.

D) produces glucose and oxygen.

E) No answer is correct.

3) The reactions of photosynthesis are summarized as

A) 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2.

B) 6CO + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6H2O. 

C) 12CO2 + 6H2O C12H12O6 + 6H2O. 

D) 6CO + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2. 

E) No answer is correct.

4) Reactants in a chemical reaction are the molecules that are assembled together or broken down to form products. The reactants in photosynthesis are 

A) oxygen and glucose.

B) water and carbon dioxide.

C) chlorophyll and oxygen.

D) glucose and water.

E) glucose and oxygen.

5) The main product of photosynthesis used by plants for food is

A) glucose.

B) oxygen.

C) carbon dioxide.

D) chlorophyll.

E) sunlight.

6) Photosynthesis provides ________ in the atmosphere that support(s) much of the life on earth.

A) organic compounds

B) carbon dioxide

C) chlorophyll

D) oxygen

E) sunlight

7) The primary pigment molecule needed for photosynthesis is

A) sunlight.

B) oxygen.

C) carbon dioxide.

D) glucose.

E) chlorophyll a.

8) The energy source for photosynthesis is

A) oxygen.

B) sunlight.

C) carbon dioxide.

D) chlorophyll.

E) glucose.

9) Which does not usually increase in overall abundance as a result of photosynthesis?

A) nitrogen

B) glucose

C) sunlight

D) ATP

E) oxygen

10) Organisms that gain energy by consuming preexisting organic molecules are called

A) heterotrophs.

B) autotrophs.

C) animorphs.

D) plants.

E) None of the answer choices are correct.

11) Organisms that make their own organic compounds from inorganic substances are called

A) animals.

B) animorphs.

C) heterotrophs.

D) autotrophs.

E) None of the answer choices are correct.

12) If you were asked to sort cards into drawers, a drawer marked "Packets of Light" would receive cards referring to 

A) photons.

B) protons.

C) electrons.

D) lasers.

E) grana.

13) In algae and plants, photosynthesis takes place in the

A) chloroplast.

B) mitochondrion.

C) ribosome.

D) nucleus.

E) lysosome.

14) The ________, in the chloroplast, contains photosynthetic pigments in its membrane.

A) granum

B) mesophyll

C) chlorophyll

D) thylakoid

E) stroma

15) What is the gelatinous matrix inside chloroplasts that contains ribosomes, DNA, and enzymes?

A) granum

B) chlorophyll

C) thylakoid

D) stroma

E) mitochondria

16) Examples of photosynthetic accessory pigments are

A) chlorophyll b and carotenoids.

B) chlorophyll a and carotenoids.

C) chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b.

D) carotenoids and DNA.

E) chlorophyll b and DNA.

17) Leaves of many plants change colors in the fall because

A) the cooler weather causes plants to produce more of the photosynthetic accessory pigments.

B) chlorophyll in the leaves degrades with shorter days and cooler temperatures.

C) the decrease in daylight hours causes the plant to produce more of the photosynthetic accessory pigments.

D) the plants produce more chlorophyll.

E) All of the answer choices are correct.

18) Sunlight is the energy source for the light reactions. The energy sources for the carbon reactions are

A) ATP and carbon dioxide.

B) NADPH and carbon dioxide.

C) NADPH and ATP.

D) ATP and oxygen.

E) NADPH and oxygen.

19) What is released at each step of an electron transport chain?

A) ultraviolet wavelengths

B) electrons

C) photons

D) energy

E) All answers are correct.

20) Electrons excited in photosystem II help the chloroplast produce

A) water.

B) NADPH.

C) glucose.

D) NADH.

E) ATP.

21) The product of photosystem I is

A) NADPH.

B) ATP.

C) glucose.

D) water.

E) NADH.

22) Photosystem I and photosystem II are part of

A) the light reactions and the carbon reactions.

B) the light reactions only.

C) the light reactions and respiration.

D) the carbon reactions only.

E) respiration.

23) Herbicides may kill plants by

A) blocking carotenoid synthesis.

B) blocking electron flow in photosystem II.

C) diverting electrons away from photosystem I.

D) interfering with amino acid synthesis.

E) All of the answer choices are correct.

24) The main product of the carbon reactions is

A) oxygen.

B) NADPH.

C) carbon dioxide.

D) a carbohydrate.

E) ATP.

25) Tiny openings in the epidermis of the leaf that allow plants to exchange gases with the atmosphere are called

A) thylakoids.

B) pigments.

C) stomata (singular: stoma).

D) grana (singular: granum).

E) thylakoid spaces.

26) If you were placing orders for experiments with rubisco, you would need ribulose bisphosphate and what other molecule to conduct the experiments?

A) glucose

B) ATP

C) carbon monoxide

D) organic compounds

E) carbon dioxide

27) The Calvin cycle is a 

A) cyclic pathway that produces three-carbon carbohydrates from CO2.

B) linear pathway that produces three-carbon carbohydrates from CO2.

C) cyclic pathway that produces ATP and NADPH.

D) linear pathway that produces ATP and NADPH.

E) cyclic pathway that produces ATP and three-carbon carbohydrates from CO2.

28) If you were conducting research on the functioning of a stoma (plural: stomata) to suit your awake-at-night personality, with which plants would you choose to work?

A) CAM

B) C3

C) C4

D) CAM or C3

E) C3 or C4

29) Which plants are best suited to cool, wet conditions?

A) C4

B) C3

C) CAM

D) All types are equally suited.

30) In photosynthesis, the carbon in CO2 is ________ to form glucose.

A) respired

B) oxidized

C) reduced

D) energized

E) broken down

31) In photosynthesis, the oxygen atoms in H2O are

A) energized.

B) reduced.

C) reformed into other elements.

D) oxidized.

E) broken down.

32) The carbon atoms in the cellulose of a wood log originally came from ________ absorbed by the plant.

A) glucose

B) carbon dioxide

C) nutrients in the soil

D) water

E) oxygen

33) Burning wood is a reverse reaction of photosynthesis. Knowing this, what products would be formed?

A) carbon dioxide and water

B) glucose and oxygen

C) oxygen and carbon dioxide

D) oxygen and water

E) carbon dioxide and glucose

34) The light reactions produce ATP, while the carbon reactions consume it.

35) The carbon reactions produce NADPH, while the light reactions consume it.

36) How do C4 plants minimize photorespiration?

A) Stomata are open only at night and oxygen is stored in a four-carbon compound.

B) The light reactions and the carbon reactions occur in different cells, so CO2 does not come into contact with rubisco.

C) Stomata are open only at night and CO2 is stored in a four-carbon compound.

D) The light reactions and the carbon reactions occur in different cells, so that high levels of CO2 are always around rubisco.

E) None of the answer choices are correct.

37) How do CAM plants minimize photorespiration?

A) The light reactions and the carbon reactions occur in different cells, so carbon dioxide does not come into contact with rubisco.

B) The light reactions and the carbon reactions occur in different cells, so oxygen does not come into contact with rubisco.

C) Stomata are open only at night and oxygen is stored in a four-carbon compound. During the day the carbon dioxide is released for photosynthesis.

D) Stomata are open only at night and carbon dioxide is stored in a four-carbon compound. During the day the carbon dioxide is released for photosynthesis.

E) None of the answer choices are correct.

38) The light reactions provide energy to fuel the carbon reactions to produce carbohydrates. 

39) The carbon reactions can run on their own without the products of the light reactions.

40) Which of the following occurs as a result of splitting a water molecule in photosystem II?

A) O2 is produced that can be released by the cell.

B) O2 is produced that can be used by the plant in respiration.

C) Protons are released to assist in the electron transport chain.

D) Electrons are released to assist in the electron transport chain.

E) All answer choices are correct.

41) Most biologists agree that the light reactions are less important than the carbon reactions.

42) If oxygen could be traced, the oxygen in the water in a leaf would end up in carbohydrates after photosynthesis.

43) Plants need water to fill their cells and to perform the light reactions.

44) Water interacts with the machinery in photosystem II during the photosynthesis.

45) Electrons from water are used to replenish those removed from chlorophyll during the light reactions.

46) The carbon reactions produce ATP and NADPH.

47) For many plants to grow well in hot, dry weather, they must be watered so their stomata will remain open for longer periods of time to let in oxygen.

48) How would Earth be different without photosynthesis?

A) The amount of oxygen in the atmosphere would be lower.

B) Heterotrophs would have fewer food sources.

C) There would be destruction to the food web.

D) More sunlight would be absorbed and converted to environmental heat.

E) All answers are correct.

49) Green and yellow wavelengths of light are used to power photosynthesis.

50) If you were planning to extract chlorophyll from an oak tree, what would be the best starting material?

A) leaves

B) bark

C) roots

D) stems

E) None of the answer choices are correct.

51) Why are accessory pigments necessary in photosystems?

A) They capture a wider spectrum of wavelengths of light.

B) They donate electrons to the reaction center.

C) They split water into hydrogen ions and oxygen.

D) They conduct the carbon reactions of photosynthesis.

E) All of the answer choices are correct.

52) Biologists consider photosynthesis to be the most important metabolic process because without it, there would be no CO2 in the atmosphere.

53) Without photosynthesis, autotrophs would be more abundant.

54) The light reactions harvest _____, while the carbon reactions produce ________.

A) energy; carbohydrates

B) energy; phosphate

C) phosphate; carbohydrates

D) energy; nucleic acids

E) lipids; nucleic acids

55) What is produced in the light reactions that is used in the carbon reactions of photosynthesis?

A) ATP and NADPH

B) ADP and NADP+

C) carbon dioxide and oxygen

D) water and glucose

E) oxygen and glucose

Match the reactants of photosynthesis with the correct sources.

A) captured from wavelengths of light

B) absorption through roots

C) gas exchange through stomata

56) carbon dioxide

57) water

58) energy

Match the steps of photosynthesis with the correct descriptions.

A) incorporates carbon into organic molecule that serves as food

B) releases energy that is used to pump hydrogen ions into the thylakoid space

C) produces the electron carrier to reduce carbon dioxide

D) splits water and produces oxygen gas and protons

59) photosystem II

60) photosystem I

61) electron transport chain

62) Calvin cycle

63) Place the steps of the light reactions in the order in which they occur.

________ Excited electrons are passed through electron transport chain, producing NADPH.

________ Photosystem II captures a photon of light.

________ A pair of electrons is excited in the reaction center of photosystem II.

________ Energy is passed to the reaction center of photosystem II.

________ Excited electrons are passed through electron transport chain, producing ATP.

64) Rubisco catalyzes the fixation of CO2 with ribulose bisphosphate in the first step of the Calvin cycle.