Chapter 6: Jails and Detention Centers

Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. Jails ______.

a. will become obsolete in the next few decades

b. hold multifaceted and critical roles in communities

c. have been very well maintained

d. are operated by the federal government in the United States

Learning Objective: 6-1: Describe the origins of jails.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Introduction: The Community Institution

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. What percentage of jail inmates have not been convicted of the crime they are being held for?

a. 25%

b. 42%

c. 51%

d. 60%

Learning Objective: 6-3: Explain how jails process individuals.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Introduction: The Community Institution

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. Jails were originally developed to ______.

a. punish wrongdoers

b. hold the accused for trial

c. prevent rebellion

d. house the mentally ill

Learning Objective: 6-1: Describe the origins of jails.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Introduction: The Community Institution

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. The vast majority of jails are operated by ______.

a. private companies

b. the federal government

c. county sheriffs

d. state governments

Learning Objective: 6-2: Identify the types of jails in operation.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Introduction: The Community Institution

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Research indicates that the general public views jails as ______.

a. more punitive than prisons

b. less punitive than prisons

c. more effective than prisons

d. less effective than prisons

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Introduction: The Community Institution

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. There are about ______ jails in the United States.

a. 1,700

b. 2,900

c. 4,100

d. 5,800

Learning Objective: 6-2: Identify the types of jails in operation.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Introduction: The Community Institution

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. The capacity of jails to house inmates ______.

a. has never been worse

b. has never been better

c. has remained stable over the last five decades

d. continues to increase

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. When bringing a lawsuit against jails and prisons, an offender is most likely to win cases when the claim involves ______.

a. sexual abuse

b. poor diet

c. inadequate healthcare

d. overcrowding

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. In 2013, women comprised about ______ of jail inmates.

a. 2%

b. 8%

c. 10%

d. 14%

e. 24%

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Overcrowding occurs when the number of inmates exceeds ______.

a. the capacity of staff to supervise them properly

b. state guidelines

c. federal guidelines

d. the available physical capacity

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. In 2014, on average, jails were operating at ______ capacity.

a. 50%

b. 60%

c. 70%

d. 80%

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. One way in which jails are attempting to deal with the challenges of mentally ill inmates is ______.

a. crisis intervention training

b. group therapy

c. psychiatric medication

d. religious programming

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. Historically, correctional institutions have classified transgender inmates by ______.

a. staff preference

b. the gender identity of the inmate

c. the genitalia of the inmate

d. the available space to house the inmate

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. An unintended consequence of get-tough laws is ______.

a. a reduction of funding for local jails

b. less incarceration of serious offenders due to lack of space

c. less programming available for mentally ill inmates

d. fewer correctional officers because funds are earmarked for patrol officers

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. The war on drugs has led to an increase in the population of ______ in jails.

a. wrongfully accused persons

b. drug buyers

c. low-level drug sellers

d. drug kingpins

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. There has been a recent decline in the numbers of ______ in jail.

a. women

b. juveniles

c. whites

d. African Americans and Hispanics

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

17. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, African Americans are ______ times more likely than Hispanics to be in jail.

a. two

b. three

c. four

d. five

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

18. The number of minorities in jail populations may be decreasing due to ______.

a. decriminalization/legalization of marijuana in some states

b. the widespread adoption of truth-in-sentencing laws

c. a large drop in unemployment rates during the last decade

d. a great awareness of bias in police practices

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Medium

19. Corrections scholar John Irwin claimed that jails managed the ______ of society.

a. unlucky

b. risk takers

c. nonconformists

d. rabble

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. Research suggests that the most common type of mental illness among jail inmates is ______.

a. mood disorder

b. psychotic disorder

c. mania

d. depression

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

21. Research finds that ______ are more likely than other inmates to be sexually victimized in jail.

a. drug addicts

b. whites

c. the homeless

d. the mentally ill

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

22. Long-term trends over the last 25 years indicate that the number of women in jails has ______.

a. increased at the same rate as the number of men

b. stayed the same

c. decreased

d. decreased at the same rate as the number of men

Learning Objective: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

23. The primary reason for the increase in the minority population in jail is ______.

a. the war on drugs

b. immigration

c. racial profiling by police and courts

d. an increase in minority criminal activity

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

24. The racial-ethnic group with the largest numbers in jail is ______.

a. white non-Hispanics

b. black non-Hispanics

c. Hispanics of any race

d. Asian Americans

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

25. Proportionate to population, which racial-ethnic group is the most likely to be incarcerated in American jails?

a. white non-Hispanics

b. black non-Hispanics

c. Hispanics of any race

d. Asian Americans

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

26. Jails in the United States are full of ______.

a. the homeless

b. white-collar criminals

c. illegal aliens

d. tax evaders

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

27. What percentage of jail inmates have mental health problems?

a. 12%

b. 26%

c. 47%

d. 64%

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

28. With regard to inmates with mental health problems, ______.

a. prisons experience higher percentages than jails

b. jails experience higher percentages than prisons

c. prisons and jails experience comparable numbers

d. prisons experience higher percentages for males but jails experience higher percentages for females

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

29. In one study, jail inmates who had symptoms of mental illness exhibited ______ than state or federal prisoners.

a. 50% more delusions

b. 25% fewer hallucinations

c. 25% more hallucinations

d. 50% fewer delusions

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

30. Inmates with mental illness are ______ likely to be homeless than those without an illness.

a. four times more

b. three times more

c. twice as

d. half as

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

31. Which types of jails may be better equipped to monitor for and prevent suicides?

a. larger

b. smaller

c. urban

d. county

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

32. Three-quarters of all inmates with mental health problems are ______.

a. dependent on or abuse substances

b. homeless

c. violent

d. delusional

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

33. The most common health problem of jail inmates is ______.

a. HIV infection

b. liver failure

c. arthritis

d. paralysis

Learning Objective: 6-5: Describe the various approaches jails take to address medical problems of inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Medical Problems

Difficulty Level: Easy

34. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, ______ of inmates have a chronic medical problem.

a. 25%

b. 33%

c. 50%

d. 66%

Learning Objective: 6-5: Describe the various approaches jails take to address medical problems of inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Medical Problems

Difficulty Level: Easy

35. The ______ required jails to provide medical and mental health care.

a. Crime Control Act

b. Affordable Care Act

c. Family and Medical Leave Act

d. American Health Care Act

Learning Objective: 6-5: Describe the various approaches jails take to address medical problems of inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Medical Problems

Difficulty Level: Easy

36. What percentage of jail inmates report being under the influence at the time of their offense?

a. 30%

b. 50%

c. 70%

d. 90%

Learning Objective: 6-5: Describe the various approaches jails take to address medical problems of inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Medical Problems

Difficulty Level: Easy

37. ______ are less likely than others to be under the influence while committing an offense.

a. Whites

b. Hispanics

c. Women

d. Men

Learning Objective: 6-5: Describe the various approaches jails take to address medical problems of inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Medical Problems

Difficulty Level: Easy

38. Although 68% of inmates in 2002 reported substance abuse or dependency problems, only ______ of the convicted inmates in jails received treatment.

a. 6%

b. 12.4%

c. 22%

d. 34%

Learning Objective: 6-5: Describe the various approaches jails take to address medical problems of inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Medical Problems

Difficulty Level: Easy

39. According to the 1976 case Estelle v. Gamble, inmates have the right to ______.

a. freedom of the press

b. special religious diets

c. reasonable medical care

d. freedom of speech

Learning Objective: 6-5: Describe the various approaches jails take to address medical problems of inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Medical Problems

Difficulty Level: Easy

40. By 2002, the leading cause of death in jail was ______.

a. suicide

b. murder

c. illness

d. accidental overdose

Learning Objective: 6-5: Describe the various approaches jails take to address medical problems of inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Medical Problems

Difficulty Level: Easy

41. ______ of all sexual assaults in prison are perpetrated by staff.

a. One-quarter

b. One-third

c. Over half

d. Over two-thirds

Learning Objective: 6-6: Discuss how jails manage sexual violence, gangs, and suicides.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Suicides, Gangs, and Sexual Violence in Jails

Difficulty Level: Easy

42. The ______ mandated that the Bureau of Justice Statistics collect data on sexual assaults in adult and juvenile jails and prisons and identify facilities with high levels of victimization.

a. No More Rape Act of 2003

b. End Rape Now Act of 2003

c. Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003

d. Jail Rape Elimination Act of 2003

Learning Objective: 6-6: Discuss how jails manage sexual violence, gangs, and suicides.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Suicides, Gangs, and Sexual Violence in Jails

Difficulty Level: Easy

43. ______ is NOT one of the tactics used by correctional facilities for controlling gangs.

a. Capital punishment

b. Isolation of leaders

c. Nonintervention

d. Segregation

Learning Objective: 6-6: Discuss how jails manage sexual violence, gangs, and suicides.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Suicides, Gangs, and Sexual Violence in Jails

Difficulty Level: Easy

44. About ______ of suicides happen within the first two weeks of incarceration in jail.

a. 25%

b. 33%

c. 50%

d. 66%

Learning Objective: 6-6: Discuss how jails manage sexual violence, gangs, and suicides.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Suicides, Gangs, and Sexual Violence in Jails

Difficulty Level: Difficult

45. LGBTI inmates are ______ than other inmates.

a. more likely to commit sexual assaults

b. less likely to commit sexual assaults

c. more likely to be victims of sexual assaults

d. less likely to be victims of sexual assaults

Learning Objective: 6-6: Discuss how jails manage sexual violence, gangs, and suicides.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Suicides, Gangs, and Sexual Violence in Jails

Difficulty Level: Easy

46. If operated correctly, new-generation jails are ______.

a. more cost effective

b. built with fewer amenities

c. managed by the inmates themselves

d. designed to require less supervision

Learning Objective: 6-7: Explain the kinds of innovations happening in jails and how they are working out.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Innovations in Jails

Difficulty Level: Easy

47. ______ are characterized by rounded architecture and living units for directly supervising staff.

a. New-generation jails

b. Community jails

c. Coequal staffing jails

d. Reentry programs for jails

Learning Objective: 6-7: Explain the kinds of innovations happening in jails and how they are working out.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Innovations in Jails

Difficulty Level: Easy

48. ______ are characterized by the idea that programming on the outside does not begin or end with incarceration.

a. New-generation jails

b. Community jails

c. Coequal staffing jails

d. Reentry programs for jails

Learning Objective: 6-7: Explain the kinds of innovations happening in jails and how they are working out.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Innovations in Jails

Difficulty Level: Easy

49. ______ are characterized by equal pay and enhanced training for its employees.

a. New-generation jails

b. Community jails

c. Coequal staffing jails

d. Reentry programs for jails

Learning Objective: 6-7: Explain the kinds of innovations happening in jails and how they are working out.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Innovations in Jails

Difficulty Level: Easy

50. ______ are characterized by the provision of services that make the transition from incarceration to freedom more manageable.

a. New-generation jails

b. Community jails

c. Coequal staffing jails

d. Reentry programs for jails

Learning Objective: 6-7: Explain the kinds of innovations happening in jails and how they are working out.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Innovations in Jails

Difficulty Level: Easy

True/False

1. Prisons have been in existence for much longer than jails.

Learning Objective: 6-1: Describe the origins of jails.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Introduction: The Community Institution

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Jail staff has historically, and unfortunately, received the same levels of training and compensation as deputy sheriffs despite the fact that their jobs are much more demanding.

Learning Objective: 6-1: Describe the origins of jails.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Introduction: The Community Institution

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. Jails often hold innocent people in the same location as violent offenders.

Learning Objective: 6-3: Explain how jails process individuals.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Introduction: The Community Institution

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Jails were initially instituted as a system to house political dissidents.

Learning Objective: 6-1: Describe the origins of jails.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Introduction: The Community Institution

Difficulty Level: Easy

5. Nearly 70 jails are operated by American Indian tribes.

Learning Objective: 6-2: Identify the types of jails in operation.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Introduction: The Community Institution

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. Jails were at or above 100% capacity during the 1980s and 1990s.

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. From 1990 to 2006, the number of adult males in jail almost tripled.

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

8. Black non-Hispanic inmates outnumber white non-Hispanic inmates by two to one.

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. Black non-Hispanics are only three times as likely to be incarcerated in American jails as white non-Hispanics.

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Women comprise about 14% of all jail inmates.

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

11. Overcrowding is a serious issue facing jails today.

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. Individuals who are mentally ill are more likely to be homeless.

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

13. Female inmates experience more mental health problems than male inmates.

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. Jails and prisons have comparable rates of suicides and homicides.

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

15. Jails are becoming community mental health facilities for the mentally ill.

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

16. Jail inmates with mental illness are twice as likely to be homeless than inmates without mental illness.

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

17. One-third of jail inmates report a medical problem more serious than a cold or the flu.

Learning Objective: 6-5: Describe the various approaches jails take to address medical problems of inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Medical Problems

Difficulty Level: Easy

18. Two percent of jail inmates use a walker, cane, or wheelchair.

Learning Objective: 6-5: Describe the various approaches jails take to address medical problems of inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Medical Problems

Difficulty Level: Easy

19. Inmates have yet to gain a constitutional right to health care during incarceration.

Learning Objective: 6-5: Describe the various approaches jails take to address medical problems of inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Medical Problems

Difficulty Level: Easy

20. The Supreme Court has ruled that inmates have a right to reasonable medical care.

Learning Objective: 6-5: Describe the various approaches jails take to address medical problems of inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Medical Problems

Difficulty Level: Easy

21. Prison inmates commit suicide at twice the rate of jail inmates because their incarceration experience is significantly longer.

Learning Objective: 6-5: Describe the various approaches jails take to address medical problems of inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Medical Problems

Difficulty Level: Easy

22. The Prison Rape Elimination Act only collects data in prisons.

Learning Objective: 6-6: Discuss how jails manage sexual violence, gangs, and suicides.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Suicides, Gangs, and Sexual Violence in Jails

Difficulty Level: Easy

23. Less than half of the time, jail staff are terminated for substantiated cases of sexual abuse.

Learning Objective: 6-6: Discuss how jails manage sexual violence, gangs, and suicides.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Suicides, Gangs, and Sexual Violence in Jails

Difficulty Level: Easy

24. Podular-direct supervision jails offer a management philosophy that is much more regimented and less open than traditional jails.

Learning Objective: 6-7: Explain the kinds of innovations happening in jails and how they are working out.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Innovations in Jails

Difficulty Level: Easy

25. Reentry programs for jails focus on making reentering the prison a smoother transition for offenders.

Learning Objective: 6-7: Explain the kinds of innovations happening in jails and how they are working out.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Innovations in Jails

Difficulty Level: Easy

Essay

1. Explain how the mission of a jail is different from that of a prison.

Learning Objective: 6-1: Describe the origins of jails.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Introduction: The Community Institution

Difficulty Level: Medium

2. Explain why a jail capacity percentage may be misleading.

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Medium

3. Indicate the major reasons for the increasing numbers of women and minorities in jail.

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Explain how an inmate is typically processed into jail.

Learning Objective: 6-3: Explain how jails process individuals.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Introduction: The Community Institution

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Being that most jail inmates usually have a short stay, do you think that they should be provided with health care? Why or why not?

Learning Objective: 6-5: Describe the various approaches jails take to address medical problems of inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Medical Problems

Difficulty Level: Medium

6. Explain the various reasons that overcrowding occurs.

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

7. Describe the ways in which overcrowding limits the ability of jails to fulfill their multifaceted mission.

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Medium

8. John Irwin referred to the types of people who are managed in jails as the “rabble.” Do you believe that is still the case? Provide specific examples to support your position.

Learning Objective: 6-2: Identify the types of jails in operation

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Medium

9. Explain the two key components of a new generation jail.

Learning Objective: 6-7: Explain the kinds of innovations happening in jails and how they are working out.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Innovations in Jails

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. What is the Prison Rape Elimination Act controversy? Discuss the main controversy surrounding this legislation.

Learning Objective: 6-6: Discuss how jails manage sexual violence, gangs, and suicides.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Suicides, Gangs, and Sexual Violence in Jails

Difficulty Level: Medium

11. Discuss community jails and the challenges they may encounter.

Learning Objective: 6-7: Explain the kinds of innovations happening in jails and how they are working out.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Innovations in Jails

Difficulty Level: Easy

12. What is reentry? Discuss what you believe are the main challenges associated with reentry.

Learning Objective: 6-7: Explain the kinds of innovations happening in jails and how they are working out.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Innovations in Jails

Difficulty Level: Medium

13. Explain the problems associated with housing the mentally ill in our jails.

Learning Objective: 6-4: Assess how jails affect and are affected by overcrowding, race, gender, age, and special needs of their inmates.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Trends in Jail Populations

Difficulty Level: Easy

14. Of the issues discussed in this chapter, what do you feel is the greatest challenge facing jails today?

Learning Objective: 6-6: Discuss how jails manage sexual violence, gangs, and suicides.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Entire chapter

Difficulty Level: Medium

15. Of the issues discussed in this chapter, what do you feel is the most exaggerated challenge facing jails today?

Learning Objective: 6-6: Discuss how jails manage sexual violence, gangs, and suicides.

Cognitive Domain: Analysis

Answer Location: Entire chapter

Difficulty Level: Hard