Exam Questions Ch.4 Vaughn Deductive Argument Patterns - Test Bank | Critical Thinking Guide 2e Vaughn by Lewis Vaughn. DOCX document preview.
Chapter 4: Deductive Argument Patterns
Test Bank
Type: multiple choice question
Title: Chapter 04 Question 01
1. Modus tollensis an argument pattern of the form…
a. If p, then q. q. Therefore, p.
b. If p, then q. If q, then r. Therefore, if p, then r.
c. Either p or q. Not p. Therefore, q.
d. If p, then q. Not q. Therefore, not p.
Type: multiple choice question
Title: Chapter 04 Question 02
2. The argument form denying the antecedent is…
a. Strong
b. Valid
c. Invalid
d. False
Type: multiple choice question
Title: Chapter 04 Question 03
3. The invalid argument form known as affirming the consequent has this pattern:
a. If p, then q. Not p. Therefore, not q.
b. Either p or q. Not p. Therefore, q.
c. If p, then q. p. Therefore, q.
d. If p, then q. q. Therefore, p.
Type: multiple choice question
Title: Chapter 04 Question 04
4. The argument form “If p, then q. q. Therefore, p” is…
a. Valid
b. Weak
c. Invalid
d. Modus ponens
Type: multiple choice question
Title: Chapter 04 Question 05
5. A premise with an “if-then” structure is known as a(n)…
a. Consequent
b. Conditional
c. Syllogism
d. Disjunction
Type: multiple choice question
Title: Chapter 04 Question 06
6. An argument with this form—“If p, then q. If q, then r. Therefore, if p, then r”—is known as…
a. Modus tollens
b. Hypothetical syllogism
c. Modus ponens
d. Disjunctive syllogism
Type: multiple choice question
Title: Chapter 04 Question 07
7. An argument with this form—“Either p or q. Not p. Therefore, q”—is known as…
a. Disjunctive syllogism
b. Hypothetical syllogism
c. Modus tollens
d. Dual syllogism
Type: multiple choice question
Title: Chapter 04 Question 08
8. This argument—“If Buffalo is the capital of New York, then Buffalo is in New York. Buffalo is in New York. Therefore, Buffalo is the capital of New York”—is an example of…
a. Denying the antecedent
b. Disjunctive syllogism
c. Affirming the antecedent
d. Affirming the consequent
Type: multiple choice question
Title: Chapter 04 Question 09
9. This argument—“If Einstein invented the steam engine, then he’s a great scientist. Einstein did not invent the steam engine. Therefore, he is not a great scientist”—is an example of…
a. Affirming the consequent
b. Affirming the antecedent
c. Denying the antecedent
d. Denying the consequent
Type: multiple choice question
Title: Chapter 04Question 10
10. The argument pattern known as modus ponens is…
a. Invalid
b. Strong
c. Valid
d. Weak
Type: multiple choice question
Title: Chapter 04Question 11
11. The second statement in a conditional premise is known as the…
a. Hypothetical
b. Conjunct
c. Disjunct
d. Consequent
Type: multiple choice question
Title: Chapter 04Question 12
12. The argument type that aims to show a statement is true by showing that the negation of that statement leads to a falsehood is called…
a. Modus tollens
b. Disjunctive syllogism
c. Hypothetical syllogism
d. Reductio ad absurdum
Type: multiple choice question
Title: Chapter 04Question 13
13. This argument—“Either Mary bought a new car or she bought a used one. She didn’t buy a new one. So she bought a new one”—is an example of…
a. Denying the antecedent
b. Disjunctive syllogism
c. Affirming the antecedent
d. Affirming the consequent
Type: multiple choice question
Title: Chapter 04Question 14
14. This argument—“If John wrote that poem, then he’s a genius. He didn’t write the poem. Therefore, he is not a genius”—is an example of…
a. Affirming the antecedent
b. Disjunctive syllogism
c. Denying the antecedent
d. Affirming the consequent
Type: multiple choice question
Title: Chapter 04Question 15
15. This argument—“If the problem of global warming is solved, there will be fewer tornadoes. There have been fewer tornadoes, so global warming is solved”—is an example of…
a. Denying the antecedent
b. Disjunctive syllogism
c. Affirming the antecedent
d. Affirming the consequent
Type: multiple choice question
Title: Chapter 04Question 16
16. A simple way to determine if an argument is valid or invalid is to use…
a. The modus method
b. The counterexample method
c. The accuracy test
d. The affirmation method
Type: multiple choice question
Title: Chapter 04Question 17
17. An argument of this form—p. If p, then q. Not q. Therefore not p—is called…
a. Modus tollens
b. Disjunctive syllogism
c. Affirming the antecedent
d. Reductio ad absurdum
Type: multiple choice question
Title: Chapter 04Question 18
18. This argument—“If the Yankees win the World Series, Aaron will be happy. When Aaron is happy, his friend Beth is happy too. Therefore, if the Yankees win the World Series, Beth will be happy.”—is an example of…
a. Hypothetical syllogism
b. Modus tollens
c. Affirming the antecedent
d. Disjunctive syllogism
Type: multiple choice question
Title: Chapter 04Question 19
19. This argument—“If President Trump cuts taxes, there will be a long-term recession. There will be a long-term recession, so he will cut taxes”—is an example of…
a. Reductio ad absurdum
b. Disjunctive syllogism
c. Affirming the antecedent
d. Affirming the consequent
Type: multiple choice question
Title: Chapter 04Question 20
20. An argument of this form—if p, then q. Not q. Therefore, not p—is an example of…
a. Denying the antecedent
b. Disjunctive syllogism
c. Modus tollens
d. Modus ponens
Type: essay/short answer question
Title: Chapter 04 Question 01
1. What is the counterexample method and how is it applied to arguments?
Type: essay/short answer question
Title: Chapter 04 Question 02
2. What are two major differences between the argument form known as modus tollens and denying the antecedent?
Type: essay/short answer question
Title: Chapter 04 Question 03
3. Why is it useful to know basic argument forms?
Type: essay/short answer question
Title: Chapter 04 Question 04
4. What does it mean for an argument to be valid or invalid? How is the validity of an argument related to the truth of premises?
Type: essay/short answer question
Title: Chapter 04 Question 05
5. What is reductio ad absurdum? How is it used to prove that a statement is true?