Exam Prep Becoming The World 1000 1300 Ce Chapter.10

a.

The stern-mounted rudder

b.

The magnetic needle compass

c.

The single-masted cog

d.

The lateen sail

a.

The Fatimid caliphate built lighthouses along the coast of the South China Sea to guide ships to harbor.

b.

Song rulers maintained a standing navy to protect traders from pirates.

c.

The Mongols protected merchants on the Silk Road.

d.

The Delhi Sultanate established a prize for new shipbuilding technology.

a.

Its strategic location between the Indian Ocean and South China Sea

b.

Its importance as a site for Muslim pilgrimages

c.

Its control of the slave trade between West Africa and Europe

d.

Its importance as a provincial administrative center for the Song

a.

They benefitted from favored trading status with the Holy Roman Empire.

b.

They established a commercial law apart from religion so that all people could participate in trade.

c.

They benefitted from a legal system that promoted a favorable business environment.

d.

They established a state bank, so that the royal family could earn a share of trading profits by lending out money.

a.

State officials registered, examined, and taxed cargo on ships.

b.

No foreigners were allowed, and all trade had to be conducted on Chinese ships with Chinese crews.

c.

The governor was occupied with matters related to maintaining the city walls and left control of the ports to merchants.

d.

Buddhist monasteries took control of trading to ensure fair practices.

a.

Non-Muslim religious leaders forfeited their property to Muslim clerics.

b.

Non-Muslims were free to choose their own religious leaders and settle internal disputes.

c.

Non-Muslims were forbidden to engage in trade or certain crafts.

d.

Non-Muslim religious leaders were forced to convert by Sufi missionaries.

a.

Drought forced the Seljuk Turks to migrate out of the steppes and invade Baghdad.

b.

Abundant rains increased crop yield in Egypt.

c.

Global warming permitted the spread of crops such as citrus and sugar, which had originated in China.

d.

Severe weather closed the main trade routes through Central Asia.

a.

Islamic rulers managed to create a unified, centralized state under the authority of the ulama.

b.

Turkish invaders conquered the Islamic heartland and provided unity under Sunni rule.

c.

The Sufi movement offered a unifying force within Islam, despite disapproval from the clerics.

d.

Forced conversion sponsored by Muslim clerics and enforced by Muslim rulers replaced religious diversity within Muslim lands.

a.

Interpreting complex philosophical texts so everyone could understand

b.

Placing the sharia at the core of their message of Islam

c.

Living in communal brotherhood and the emotional accessibility of their mystical practices

d.

Adopting the rationality of Ibn Rushd and Aristotle

a.

He proved that faith was incompatible with reason, influencing church thinking for generations.

b.

He wrote the Shah Nama, which influenced Chinese literature.

c.

His thinking influenced Christian legal scholars of the Maliki school.

d.

His thinking about faith and reason heavily influenced Thomas Aquinas.

a.

They established military tribunals to demonstrate their authority.

b.

They introduced their own culture while accepting local practices such as the varna system.

c.

They adopted Hinduism in order to win support from the rajas.

d.

They established new social and political structures according to Islamic law.

a.

The Delhi Sultanate

b.

The Ghazna kingdom

c.

The Mughal dynasty

d.

The Chola kingdom

a.

Multiple languages flourished, including Turkic, Persian, and many local Indian languages.

b.

The Turks adopted local clothing styles as better suited to the climate.

c.

Sultans adopted the religious architectural style of the local populations.

d.

Local populations converted rapidly to Islam.

a.

The Song were unable to control the trade in silk and porcelain.

b.

The Song were unable to contain the Annamese military.

c.

The Song were unable to control the scholar-gentry.

d.

The Song were unable to contain the northern nomadic tribes.

a.

Forcing conversion of all who were not protected as “people of the book”

b.

Refusing to permit begging by itinerant Buddhist monks on public roads

c.

Depriving Buddhism of local spiritual leaders by destroying large monasteries

d.

Excluding Buddhists from the protection of the jizya

a.

Using sulfur and charcoal in smelting

b.

Harnessing water buffalo to bellows

c.

Using piston-driven bellows

d.

Mastering techniques for controlling explosions and high heat

a.

The production of food could not keep up with the increased demand in urban centers.

b.

The supply of metal currency could not meet the demand for it, leading to the creation of paper money.

c.

The demand for Song porcelain went down because production expanded too rapidly and quality was sacrificed.

d.

The government was unable to control the deflation that followed the sudden economic growth.

a.

They sent them to the north to form a border guard against the nomadic tribes.

b.

They confiscated their estates if they did not swear loyalty directly to the emperor.

c.

They granted more power in the military and bureaucracy to the palace eunuchs.

d.

They increased the number and power of scholar-officials in the government bureaucracy.

a.

Confucian scholar-gentry

b.

Ambitious samurai

c.

Impoverished peasants

d.

Powerful women

a.

Shinto monks sent missionaries to interact with Hindus and Buddhists in the area.

b.

The region was repeatedly conquered by forces from India, China, and Korea.

c.

The Khmer kingdom invited religious scholars from the Byzantine court and Japan to debate philosophy with Vedic leaders.

d.

The Malay Peninsula was home to many entrepôts for a variety of merchants shuttling between India and China.

a.

They embraced the military as a means to counteract the power of provincial elites.

b.

They were able to centralize power over private landowners to a larger degree.

c.

They began to distance themselves from Chinese influence concerning political and social authority.

d.

They oversaw a highly advanced commercial and urban society.

a.

Buffer states such as the Khmer protected the Chinese heartland from outside invasion or contacts.

b.

Song dynasty printed books established classical Chinese as the common language of the educated classes.

c.

Song culture was a joyful mélange of Han and pastoralist traditions, providing everyone with a sense of inclusion.

d.

The mandate of heaven provided the Song a belief in their cultural uniqueness, centered on their divine ruler.

a.

While monasteries became more independent, their political power decreased.

b.

The popes claimed more political authority to replace the vacuum left after Charlemagne’s death.

c.

The class of knights subjugated previously free peasants, leading to serfdom in much of Western Europe.

d.

Merchants became wealthier with the revival of long-distance trade, and demanded more political power.

a.

Western European monarchs repeatedly tried to invade the Russian heartland, creating strong resentment.

b.

The invasions of the Norse had alienated Kiev from all things European.

c.

Orthodox Christianity spread to Kiev from Constantinople, and Russian trade ties were to the south and east.

d.

The Khazars had conquered Kiev, forcing the Russians to convert to Judaism and swear allegiance to the Khazar dual kings.

a.

They preached that European believers should repent, confess their sins to their local priest, and strive to become better Christians.

b.

They confined themselves to monasteries and pressured other religious orders to do likewise.

c.

They emulated the scholarship and intellectual life of Thomas Aquinas.

d.

They emphasized the commonalities between the Christian, Jewish, and Islamic traditions.

a.

He celebrated the origins of Lombard culture in The Book of Kings.

b.

He wrote The City of God, and supported the Council of Nicaea’s interpretation of the trinity.

c.

He attempted to prove that Christianity was the only religion that fully met the aspirations of all rational human beings.

d.

He encouraged the laity at all levels of society to accept responsibility of their sins and confess to local priests.

a.

Catholicism became a faith for only the peasant population.

b.

New religious orders and universities arose, and the number of parish churches increased.

c.

Priests instituted widespread witch hunts to eliminate all vestiges of pre-Christian religions.

d.

The identity of Christians was being challenged by contact with Muslims in Spain.

a.

Christian military technology was so inferior to that of the Muslim forces that the Christians were unable to capture any major cities.

b.

The various Christian peoples were never able to unite in a common purpose.

c.

Venice, Genoa, and Pisa refused to join the Crusades because the conflict cut into their trade with the East.

d.

The capital cities of the Muslim kingdoms, such as Damascus and Baghdad, were far inland.

a.

The Crusades were economically devastating to the important centers of trade such as Jerusalem.

b.

Muslim feelings hardened against the Franks and the millions of Christians who had previously lived peacefully in Egypt and Syria.

c.

The establishment of the Crusader states threatened to undermine the religious dominance of Islam.

d.

The Crusades struck a permanent blow to the prestige and power of cities like Baghdad and Cairo.

a.

These campaigns marked the first time European knights united behind a single general.

b.

These campaigns marked new cooperation between western Europe and the Byzantine Empire.

c.

These campaigns marked turning points in relations between Christian and Muslim power in the Mediterranean.

d.

These campaigns marked the first cooperation between Christians and Jews to defeat the common Muslim enemy.

a.

Their expertise in metalworking, especially iron

b.

Their control of trade routes to coastal cities such as Zanzibar and Malindi

c.

Their refusal to trade in slaves

d.

Their political organization and expertise in commerce

a.

Urban communities linked together through long-distance trade

b.

Small-scale farming societies led by local councils

c.

Pastoral communities led by shamans

d.

Semi-nomadic hunting and gathering communities who believed in divinely chosen kings

a.

It led Muslim armies to attempt to conquer the gold-rich kingdom of Mali.

b.

It created a demand for West African objects of art in Cairo and Alexandria.

c.

It demonstrated that West Africa was no longer on the isolated periphery of Muslim lands.

d.

It forced other Central African states to submit to Mali.

a.

It was a commercial center in the southern India that was a way station for traveling Buddhist monks.

b.

It was a commercial center in southern India that connected Arab and Chinese trade.

c.

It was a commercial center in West Africa that was an intellectual center for Muslim scholars.

d.

It was a commercial center in West Africa that provided the majority of spices to Arabia and Europe.

a.

The monsoon winds made East Africa a logical end point for Indian Ocean trade.

b.

Spices and cotton from Central Africa were desired commodities in the Indian Ocean trade.

c.

The people of Kilwa were expert ship builders who used the hardwoods of the rain forest to create massive oceangoing canoes propelled by lateen sails.

d.

East Africa provided the only source of slaves in the Indian Ocean world.

a.

It spread along well-established trade routes leading to the Toltec empire.

b.

It expanded across numerous ecological zones from pastoral highlands to fishing grounds on the Pacific Coast.

c.

The Chimú used their superior knowledge of metallurgy to develop weapons to defeat surrounding tribes.

d.

The Chimú cavalry was mounted on specially bred llamas, which could climb the highest slopes of the Andes.

a.

Frequent rainfall in the foothills made irrigation systems unnecessary.

b.

There was no rigid social hierarchy, which meant the state could expand rapidly.

c.

The emperors ruled directly with a small bureaucracy and few royal officials.

d.

The bureaucracy oversaw the construction and maintenance of irrigation canals.

a.

All three were built on major river systems.

b.

All three were built near a sea coast.

c.

All three were the hubs of major regional trading networks.

d.

All three had populations in excess of 50,000 people.

a.

They were a distinct ethnic group that moved into Mesoamerica from North America around 1000 CE.

b.

They rose to power rapidly because they filled the void left by the decline of the city of Teotihuacán.

c.

They developed a distinct culture that was unusual that their cities and architecture were not borrowed from other Mesoamerican peoples.

d.

They built a major agricultural empire without developing substantial trade.

a.

The Cahokians planted fields with potatoes as their staple crop.

b.

The Cahokians built, without draft animals or the use of the wheel, large earthen mounds for use in religious ceremonies.

c.

The Cahokians recruited Mesoamericans to serve as workers in the fields.

d.

The Cahokians successfully defeated tribes from the Great Plains who attacked the settlement in a territorial dispute.

a.

The need to find new grazing land for their herds, which were growing too quickly for available resources

b.

The desire to spread the Mongol religion of the sky god, Tengri, as a universalizing religion

c.

The wish to preempt the manufacture of silk cloth in order to break the Korean monopoly

d.

The interest in finding the source of the Amur River to control its waters for farming

a.

He kept the caliph on the throne in order to prevent a rebellion.

b.

He sought to win the loyalty of the people by building schools and hospitals.

c.

He permitted his troops to savagely slaughter the city’s population.

d.

He signed a peace treaty with the elites who sought Mongol order to preserve the ancient city.

a.

They incorporated some of the ways and technology of conquered peoples.

b.

They supported local intellectual life in all of their territories.

c.

They created a strong navy to expand and protect their realms.

d.

They adopted one official state religion throughout their territories.

a.

Both the Mongols and the Amorites assimilated into settled societies, adopting their governance style and bureaucracy in order to pacify the conquered population.

b.

The Amorites destroyed Baghdad, obliterating the city’s walls and canals, while the Mongols under Genghis wanted to create a peaceful tributary relationship with urban populations.

c.

Chinggis’s followers wanted to destroy the entire settled population of Northern China to make room for pasturage, while the Amorites entered Mesopotamia peacefully and assimilated into the political and social norms of the existing agrarian city-states.

d.

The Mongols of the Golden Horde lived apart from the settled towns in order to adhere to pastoralist cultural norms, while the Amorites moved into the towns and blended their social organization with that of the conquered city-states.